He aha te mate huka? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te mate huka tetahi ahuatanga neurological e pā ana ki te raru o te roro i roto i te hunga e pangia ana e te mate huka. Ka rite ki te āhuatanga o te whatitiri i roto i tō roro, ka mutu te mahi noa mō te wā poto. Ahakoa ka rongo pea koe i te wehi, he tino whakahaeretia te mate huka mō te nuinga o te iwi me te tiaki hauora tika me te maimoatanga.

E 50 miriona te tokomaha o te hunga e noho ana me te mate huka puta noa te ao, ā, koinei tetahi o ngā mate neurological tino noa. Ko te rongo pai, me ngā maimoatanga o nāianei, ka taea e te 70% o te hunga e pangia ana e te mate huka te noho kore-whakapae.

He aha te mate huka?

Ka whakatauhia te mate huka ina pangia tetahi e rua neke atu rānei ngā whakapae kore-whakaohooho e puta ana i te iti rawa i te 24 haora te tawhiti. Ka puta te whakapae ina whakamahi ngā pūtau io i roto i tō roro i ngā tohu hiko nui atu, me te koretake atu i te noa.

Ka tuku noa tō roro i ngā karere hiko i roto i te huarahi whakarite kia whakahaeretia ai nga mea katoa mai i te nekehanga ki ngā whakaaro. I te wā o te whakapae, ka pakaru tenei pūnaha whakarite, ka puta he huringa wā poto i roto i te whāinga, te nekehanga, ngā kare-a-roto, te mohio rānei.

He mea nui kia mārama koe, ehara te whakapae kotahi i te tikanga kei te mate huka koe. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e pā ana ki te whakapae kotahi na te kirika, te iti o te huka toto, tetahi atu āhuatanga wā poto rānei, kāore hoki e pangia e tētahi atu.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate huka?

Ka rereke te ahua o ngā tohu whakapae mai i te tangata ki te tangata, ā, ka miharo pea koe ki te ako kaore katoa ngā whakapae e uru ana ki ngā nekehanga nui e whakaaturia ana i roto i ngā kiriata. Kia tirohia ngā huarahi rerekē e puta ai ngā whakapae.

Ngā whakapae whānui e pā ana ki ngā taha e rua o tō roro, ā, kei roto:

• Ngā whakapae tonic-clonic (i karangatia mua ko te grand mal) - kei roto ngā nekehanga pakari me te wiri, te ngaro o te mohio, ā, ka roa pea i te 1-3 meneti
• Ngā whakapae ngoikore - ngā wā poto e titiro ana koe ki te koretake me te kore hononga, ka roa pea i te 10-30 hēkona
• Ngā whakapae myoclonic - ngā wiri uaua pōturi, ka rite pea ki te whakakī koe
• Ngā whakapae atonic - te ngaro o te uaua ka puta ai te hinga
• Ngā whakapae tonic - te pakari o te uaua ka puta ai te hinga whakamuri

Ngā whakapae ā-rohe e tīmata ana i tētahi wāhi o tō roro, ā, ka taea:

• Ngā whakapae ā-rohe ngāwari - kei te mōhio tonu koe, engari ka pā pea koe ki ngā āhuatanga, ngā kakara, ngā reka, ngā kare-a-roto rānei
• Ngā whakapae ā-rohe uaua - ka huri tō mōhio, ā, ka mahi pea koe i ngā nekehanga whakahoki ano, pēnei i te ngū ngutu, te wiri ringa rānei

Ka pā pea etahi tangata ki ngā tohu whakatūpato e kiia nei ko ngā auras i mua i te tīmatanga o te whakapae. Ka uru pea ēnei ki ngā kakara ke, ngā kare-a-roto déjà vu, te wehi, ngā āhuatanga wiri rānei.

He aha ngā momo mate huka?

Ka wehewehea te mate huka i runga i te wāhi e tīmata ai ngā whakapae i roto i tō roro me te take. Ko te mārama ki tō momo motuhake ka āwhina i tō tākuta ki te whiriwhiri i te huarahi maimoatanga tino whai hua.

Te mate huka ā-rohe e whakaatu ana i te 60% o ngā take katoa. Ka tīmata ngā whakapae i tētahi wāhi motuhake o tō roro, ahakoa ka horapa pea ki ētahi atu wāhi. Ko ngā tohu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wāhi o tō roro e pā ana.

Te mate huka whānui e uru ana ki ngā whakapae e pā ana ki ngā taha e rua o tō roro mai i te tīmatanga. Ko tēnei momo te nuinga o te wā he mea whakapānga, ā, ka tīmata i te tamarikitanga, te tauira rānei.

Te mate huka whānui me te ā-rohe he iti te noa, engari e uru ana ki ngā momo whakapae e rua i roto i te tangata kotahi. Ka taea e tēnei te whakawhāiti i te maimoatanga, engari he tino whakahaeretia tonu.

He aha ngā take o te mate huka?

Mō te haurua o te hunga e pangia ana e te mate huka, kāore e taea e ngā tākuta te kimi i te take motuhake, ā, e kiia ana tenei ko te mate huka idiopathic, cryptogenic rānei. Heoi, ina taea te kimi i te take, ka tūtohu pea ki ētahi atu kāwai.

Ngā take whakapānga e takaro ana i tetahi wāhi i roto i ngā take maha. Ko ētahi momo mate huka e rere ana i roto i ngā whānau, ahakoa tetahi mātua e pangia ana e te mate huka e piki ake ana te tūponotanga. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki o ngā mātua e pangia ana e te mate huka kāore e whanake i te āhuatanga.

Ngā whara o te roro me ngā huringa hanganga ka taea te whakaohooho i te mate huka, tae atu ki:

• Te whara o te upoko mai i ngā aituā, te takaro hākinakina rānei
• Te pōka rānei ngā raru o te oko toto i roto i te roro
• Ngā pūngāwerewere o te roro, ngā mea pai me ngā mea kino
• Ngā mate pūngāwerewere o te roro pēnei i te meningitis, te encephalitis rānei
• Ngā raru whanaketanga o te roro e puta mai ana i te whānautanga

Ngā āhuatanga metabolic me ngā āhuatanga mate pūtau ka taea hoki te whakauru ki te whanaketanga whakapae. Kei roto ēnei i te iti o te huka toto, te kore mahi o te whatukuhu, te ate rānei, me ngā āhuatanga mate pūtau e pā ana ki te roro.

I ētahi wā onge, ka taea te whanaketanga o te mate huka hei hua o ngā mate roro e ahu whakamua ana, ngā mate whakapānga metabolic rānei e pā ana ki te mahi o ngā pūtau roro i te roa o te wā.

Nō hea te haere ki te tākuta mō te mate huka?

Me rapu wawe koe i te tiaki hauora mena ka pā koe ki tō whakapae tuatahi, ki te kite rānei koe i tetahi e pangia ana. Ahakoa ka mutu te whakapae i a ia ano, he mea nui kia arotakehia kia whakatauhia ai te take me te mea kei te hiahiatia te maimoatanga.

Waea atu ki ngā ratonga āwhina (111) mena ka roa ake te whakapae i te 5 meneti, mena he maha ngā whakapae a tetahi tangata kaore e ora ake, mena ka whara rātou i te wā o te whakapae, mena he raruraru te manawa i muri iho.

Whakahaere he whakatau me tō tākuta mena ka pā koe ki ngā wā e titiro ana koe, ngā wiri uaua poto, ngā hinganga pōturi, ngā huringa kore-mārama rānei i roto i te mohio, te whāinga rānei e āhei ana ki ngā whakapae.

Mena kei te mate huka koe, whakapiri atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mena ka huri ngā āhua o ō whakapae, ka nui ake te auau, mena ka puta mai ngā pānga o ngā rongoā.

He aha ngā tūponotanga mō te mate huka?

Ahakoa ka taea te whanaketanga o te mate huka i tetahi tau, ka taea e ētahi take te whakapiki i tō tūponotanga ki te whanaketanga o te āhuatanga. Ko te mārama ki ēnei tūponotanga ka āwhina i a koe ki te whai kōrero whakamārama me tō kaiwhakarato hauora.

Ngā take e pā ana ki te tau e whakaatu ana ko te mate huka te nuinga o te wā e tīmata ana i te tamarikitanga, i muri i te 60 tau rānei. I ngā tamariki, he maha te whakapaunga ki ngā take whakapānga, ngā take whanaketanga rānei, i ngā pakeke, he maha te hono atu ki te pōka, ki ētahi atu huringa roro rānei.

Te hītori whānau e takaro ana i tetahi wāhi, ahakoa he mea nui kia mārama ko te nuinga o te hunga e whai hītori whānau ana o te mate huka kāore e whanake i a rātou ano. Ko te tūponotanga teitei rawa mena he mātua kei a rātou ētahi momo mate huka whakapānga.

Ngā āhuatanga hauora e taea te whakapiki i te tūponotanga o te mate huka kei roto:

• Ngā whara o te upoko o mua, teitei rawa
• Te pōka, ngā raru toto rānei i roto i te roro
• Ngā mate pūngāwerewere o te roro, te kirika nui rānei i te tamarikitanga
• Ētahi atu momo mate whakapānga
• Ngā mate ā-pūāhua
• Te mate Alzheimer me ētahi atu momo mate dementia

Ko te whai i ēnei tūponotanga kāore e tikanga ka whanake koe i te mate huka. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai tūponotanga maha ana kāore e pā ki ngā whakapae.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate huka?

Ahakoa ko te nuinga o te hunga e pangia ana e te mate huka e ora ana i ngā oranga tino pai, he mea nui kia mōhio ki ngā raruraru pea kia taea ai te tango i ngā kaupae hei whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga me te rapu awhina ina hiahiatia.

Te whara tinana i te wā o ngā whakapae he āhuatanga matua. Ka taea te hinga, te tahunga, te pōkarekare rānei mena ka puta ngā whakapae i ngā wā kino. Heoi, ka taea e koe te whakaiti nui i ēnei tūponotanga me ngā whakaritenga tika me te whakahaere whakapae.

Te mate epilepticus he āhuatanga onge engari he kino, he roa ake te whakapae i te 30 meneti, he whakapae rānei e puta ana i muri i tetahi kaore e ora ake. E hiahiatia ana tēnei te maimoatanga āwhina wawe, engari e pā ana ki te iti iho i te 5% o te hunga e pangia ana e te mate huka.

Ngā wero hauora hinengaro ka taea te whanaketanga, tae atu ki te pouri me te manukanuka. Kāore tenei i te miharo, i te ahotea o te noho me te āhuatanga roa, engari he maimoatanga whai hua kei te wātea mō te mate huka me ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro e hono atu ana.

Ngā raruraru onge engari he kino kei roto:

• SUDEP (Te mate pōturi tūpono i roto i te mate huka) - he onge rawa, engari he nui ake te tūponotanga me ngā whakapae kore-whakahaere
• Ngā raruraru mahara me te whakaaro, te nuinga o te wā he ngāwari, he maha te hono atu ki ngā pānga o ngā rongoā
• Ngā wero pāpori me ngā wero mātauranga e taea te whakaoti me te tautoko tika

Ko te karere matua konei ko te whakahaere pai o te whakapae e whakaiti nui ana i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru. Ko te nuinga o te hunga e whai whakahaere pai ana i te mate huka e tino iti ana ngā herenga.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate huka?

Ahakoa kāore e taea e koe te aukati i ngā momo mate huka katoa, ina koa ētahi e whai take whakapānga ana, ka taea e koe te tango i ngā kaupae hei whakaiti i tō tūponotanga ki te whanaketanga o te mate huka mai i ngā take ka taea te aukati.

Te aukati i ngā whara o te upoko tētahi o ngā kaupae tino nui ka taea e koe te tango. Me kakahu tonu ngā taputapu haumaru tika i te wā o te hākinakina, whakamahia ngā whitiki nohoanga me ngā potae haumaru, me te whakahaere i tō kāinga kia haumaru ake mā te tango i ngā tūponotanga hinga.

Te whakahaere pai i ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora ka āwhina hoki. Kei roto ēnei i te whakahaere i te toto toto kia aukatia ai ngā pōka, te whakaora wawe i ngā mate pūngāwerewere, me te whakahaere i te mate huka kia kore ai e puta he huringa nui o te huka toto.

I te wā hapu, ko te tango i ngā taapiri waikawa folic me te karo i te waipiro me ngā raau taero ka āwhina i te aukati i ngā raru whanaketanga o te roro e āhei ana ki te mate huka i ngā tamariki.

Mō te hunga kua whakatauhia te mate huka, ko te aukati i ngā whakapae atu mā te whakahaere tika i ngā rongoā me ngā whiringa oranga he mea nui mō te hauora o te roro mo te roa o te wā.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te mate huka?

Ko te whāinga o te maimoatanga mate huka ko te mutu katoa i ngā whakapae me ngā pānga iti, ā, ka taea tenei mō te nuinga o te iwi. Ko te maimoatanga te nuinga o te wā e tīmata ana me ngā rongoā anti-seizure, engari he maha ngā whiringa kei te wātea mena kāore ngā rongoā i te tino whai hua.

Ngā rongoā anti-seizure ko te maimoatanga tuatahi, ā, e mahi pai ana mō te 70% o te iwi. Ka whiriwhiri tō tākuta i te rongoā i runga i tō momo whakapae, tō tau, ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora, me ngā pānga pea. Ko te kimi i te rongoā tika me te horopeta ka roa pea te wā me ngā whakaritenga.

Ngā rongoā anti-seizure noa kei roto:

• Phenytoin, carbamazepine, me te valproic acid (ngā rongoā tawhito e tino mōhiotia ana)
• Levetiracetam, lamotrigine, me te topiramate (ngā whiringa hou e iti ana ngā pānga)
• Ngā rongoā motuhake mō ngā momo whakapae motuhake, momo mate huka rānei

Ngā whiringa pokanga ka whakaarohia pea mena kāore ngā rongoā e whakahaere i ngā whakapae, ā, he nui te pā o ngā whakapae ki tō kounga ora. Ko te pokanga e mahi pai ana ina tīmata ngā whakapae mai i tētahi wāhi motuhake, ka taea te tango atu i te roro.

Ngā maimoatanga tāpiri mō te mate huka kore-whakahaere rongoā kei roto:

• Te whakaohooho i te uaua vagus (VNS) - he taputapu e tuku ana i ngā pūkaha hiko ki te roro
• Te kai ketogenic - he kai motuhake te nui o te ngako, te iti o te kāreti e taea te whakaiti i ngā whakapae
• Te whakaohooho neurostimulation (RNS) - he whakauru roro e kite ana me te mutu i ngā whakapae

Ko te nuinga o te iwi e kimi ana i te huarahi maimoatanga whai hua, ahakoa ka hiahiatia pea te manawanui me te mahi tata atu ki tō rōpū hauora kia kitea ai te mea e pai ana mōu.

Me pēhea te tango i te maimoatanga kāinga i te wā o te mate huka?

Ko te whakahaere i te mate huka i te kāinga e uru ana ki te nui atu i te tango rongoā, ahakoa ko te whakaū rongoā he mea tino nui mō te whakahaere whakapae. Ko te hanga i tētahi taiao kāinga tautoko ka taea te whakapai ake i tō kounga ora.

Te whakahaere rongoā ko tō mahi tino nui i ia rā. Tangohia ngā rongoā i ngā wā kotahi i ia rā, whakamahia ngā kaiwhakahaere pire kia kore ai e ngaro ngā horopeta, kaua rawa e mutu ngā rongoā kaore he tirotiro hauora. Pupuri i te puka whakapae hei aroturuki i ngā whakapae pakaru me ngā take pea.

Ngā whakaritenga oranga ka taea te awhina i te whakaiti i te auau whakapae:

• Pupuri i ngā kaupapa moe noa me te whiwhi i te okioki tika
• Whakaitihia te inu waipiro me te karo i ngā raau taero whakangahau
• Whakahaerehia te ahotea mā ngā tikanga whakahaerenga, te tohutohu rānei
• Whakapakaritia te tinana, engari karohia ngā mahi ka taea te whara mena ka puta te whakapae
• Noho makuku me te pupuri i ngā taumata huka toto pumau

Ngā whakaritenga haumaru i tō kāinga ka taea te aukati i ngā whara. Whakaarohia ngā tūru whakamahinga i te wā kaukau, whakamahia te pupuri i ngā kokonga o ngā taonga koi, kaua e tunu anake mena he maha ō whakapae.

Te whakarite āwhina te tikanga he mahere mahi whakapae e mōhio ana ngā mema whānau. Me uru ēnei ki te wā e waea atu ai ki ngā ratonga āwhina, me pēhea te tiaki i a koe i te wā o te whakapae, me ngā korero hauora nui mō ngā kaiāwhina tuatahi.

Kia mahara ko te tiaki pai i a koe kāore noa iho te aukati i ngā whakapae - he mea nui te pupuri i tō hauora whānui me tō oranga pai i te wā e noho ana koe me te mate huka.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakatau me te tākuta?

Ko te whakarite pai mō ō whakatau ka āwhina i tō tākuta ki te whakarato i te tiaki pai rawa atu, kia whakarite ai koe ki te whiwhi i ngā whakautu ki ō patai nui katoa. He iti te whakarite e haere ana ki te whakapai ake i ēnei haerenga kia nui ake te hua.

Pupuri i ngā rekoata taipitopito i mua i tō haerenga. Tuhia ki raro te wā e puta ai ngā whakapae, te mea i mahi koe i mua, te roa o te wā, me te āhua o tō rongo i muri iho. Mena he kaiwhakaatu tetahi i tō whakapae, tonoa rātou kia tuhi i te mea i kite rātou.

Ngā korero rongoā me tino hou. Kawea mai ō rongoā katoa, tae atu ki ngā rongoā ka hokona i te toa me ngā taapiri. Tātarihia ngā pānga katoa kua pā ki a koe me te mea kua ngaro ngā horopeta i te wā tata nei.

Whakaritea ō patai i mua, me te tuhi i raro. Ka hiahia pea koe ki te ui mō:

• Te mahi pai o tō mahere maimoatanga o nāianei
• Ngā tohu hou, ngā āwangawanga rānei kua kite koe
• Ngā herenga mahi me te mea kei te haumaru mōu te mahi
• Te tirohanga roa me ngā whakaaro whānau
• Te wā e rapu ai i te tiaki āwhina

Kawea mai te tautoko mena ka taea. Ko te whai i tētahi mema whānau, hoa rānei i ngā whakatau ka āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā korero nui me te whakarato i ngā tirohanga atu mō tō āhuatanga.

Kaua e mangere ki te tono whakamārama mena kāore koe e mārama ki tetahi mea. E hiahia ana tō tākuta kia tino mōhio koe mō tō āhuatanga me ngā whiringa maimoatanga.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate huka?

Ko te mea tino nui kia mārama koe mō te mate huka ko te āhuatanga whakahaeretia tino pai e kore e hāngai ki te whakatau, ki te whakawhāiti rānei i tō oranga. Me te tiaki hauora tika, ka taea e te nuinga o te hunga e pangia ana e te mate huka te whakatutuki i te whakahaere whakapae pai me te ora i ngā oranga noa.

Kua tino haere mai te maimoatanga mate huka hou, me ngā whiringa rongoā maha me ngā maimoatanga tāpiri e wātea ana ina kore ngā maimoatanga tuatahi e ranea.

Ahakoa e hiahia ana te mate huka ki te whakahaere tonu, he miriona te tokomaha o te hunga puta noa te ao e ora ana me tenei āhuatanga. E mahi ana rātou, e whānau ana, e whai ana i ngā hākinakina, e whakatutuki ana i ō rātou whāinga pēnei i tetahi atu.

Kia mahara ko te whai i te mate huka kāore e whakaatu i tō ngoikore, kāore hoki e taea. Me te whakahaere pai o te whakapae, ngā whakaritenga tika, me te pūnaha tautoko kaha, ka taea e koe te whakatutuki i te oranga e hiahia ana koe ki te ora.

Ngā Pātai Nui Mō te Mate Huka

Ka taea e te hunga e pangia ana e te mate huka te taraiwa?

Ae, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te mate huka ka taea te taraiwa, engari he rerekē ngā ture i runga i te wāhi. Ko te nuinga o ngā wāhi e hiahia ana koe kia kore whakapae mō te wā motuhake (te nuinga o te 6-12 marama) i mua i te whakaaetanga ki te taraiwa. Ka taea e tō tākuta te awhina i a koe ki te mārama ki ō hiahia rohe me te whakatau i te wā e haumaru ana koe ki te taraiwa.

He whakapānga te mate huka?

Ko ētahi momo mate huka he mea whakapānga, engari ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki o ngā mātua e pangia ana e te mate huka kāore e whanake i te āhuatanga. Mena kei te mate huka koe, ko te tūponotanga o tō tamaiti he iti noa iho i te tūponotanga o te taupori whānui. Ka taea e te tohutohu whakapānga te whakarato i ngā korero motuhake atu mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ka taea e te ahotea te whakaohooho i ngā whakapae?

Ka taea e te ahotea te whakaohooho i ngā whakapae mō ētahi tāngata, ahakoa ehara i te take tika o te mate huka. Ko te whakahaere i te ahotea mā ngā tikanga whakahaerenga, te moe tika, te whakapakari tinana noa, me te tohutohu ina hiahiatia ka āwhina i te whakaiti i te auau whakapae mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te ahotea.

Me pēhea taku mahi mena ka kite ahau i tetahi e pangia ana e te whakapae?

Noho ata noho, tiaki i te tangata. Nekehia ngā mea kino, whakamarumaru i tōna upoko mena ka taea, me te wā o te whakapae. Kaua e whakauru i tetahi mea ki tōna waha, kaua e ngana ki te pupuri i a ia. Waea atu ki ngā ratonga āwhina mena ka roa ake te whakapae i te 5 meneti, mena ka whara rātou, mena ko tō rātou whakapae tuatahi.

Me tango rongoā tonu ahau mō te ora?

Kāore pea. Ko ētahi tāngata, ina koa ngā tamariki e whai momo mate huka motuhake ana, ka taea te mutu o tō rātou āhuatanga. Ka taea pea e ētahi atu te mutu i ngā rongoā i muri i te kore whakapae mō ngā tau maha. Heoi, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e tango ana i ngā rongoā mo te roa o te wā, ā, he tino whakahaeretia tenei me ngā maimoatanga hou e iti ana ngā pānga.