He aha te melanoma kanohi? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

He momo mate pukupuku onge te melanoma kanohi e tupu ana i roto i ngā pūtau e hanga ana i te tae o tō kanohi. Ahakoa he wehi te rongonga, ka taea e te mārama ki tēnei āhuatanga te āwhina i a koe ki te mohio ki ngā tohu nui me te rapu i te tiaki tika ina hiahiatia.

Ko te nuinga o te mate pukupuku nei e pā ana ki te uvea, arā, te paparanga waenganui o tō kanohi e whakauru ana i te iris, te tinana kiriata, me te choroid. Whakaarohia ēnei wāhanga hei pūnaha tautoko o te kanohi e āwhina ana ki te whakahaere i te mārama me te whāngai i te retina.

He aha te Melanoma Kanohi?

Ka puta te melanoma kanohi ina tīmata ngā melanocytes, ngā pūtau e homai ana i te tae o tō kanohi, ki te tipu koretake me te kore e taea te whakahaere. Ko te momo pūtau ano tēnei e taea ai te puta te melanoma kiri, engari he rerekē te mahi a te melanoma kanohi.

Ko te āhuatanga e pā ana ki ngā tāngata pakeke, me te nuinga o ngā keehi e puta ana i ngā tāngata neke atu i te 50 tau. Kāore i rite ki te melanoma kiri, kāore te melanoma kanohi i puta mai i te rā, he mea miharo tēnei ki te hunga ina ako tuatahi ratou mō tō rātou whakatau.

E rua ngā wāhi matua e taea ai te whanake o te melanoma kanohi. Ko te uveal melanoma e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga o roto o tō kanohi, ā, ko te conjunctival melanoma e whanake ana i runga i te kiri mārama e hipoki ana i te wāhanga ma o tō kanohi.

He aha ngā Tohutohu o te Melanoma Kanohi?

Ko te wāhanga wero o te melanoma kanohi ko te tupu pinepine koretake me te kore e puta mai he tohu mārama i ona wā tīmata. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e kite ana kei a rātou i ngā whakamātau kanohi noa, koia te take i nui ai ngā tirotiro noa.

Ina puta mai ngā tohu, ka kite pea koe i ngā huringa i tō tirohanga e whanake ana i te wa roa:

• Tirohanga māreikore, rānei kīkino i tetahi kanohi
• Ngā pōkākā pouri, rānei ngā ātiwhiwhi i roto i tō tirohanga
• Ngā rama whakamārama, rānei ngā pōkākā e rere ana e kore e rite ki te noa
• Te pōkākā pouri e tipu haere ana i runga i tō iris
• Ngā huringa i te āhua o tō pūpū
• Te ngaro o te tirohanga taha i tetahi taha

Ko ētahi tāngata e pā ana ki te āhua he rerekē te āhua o tō rātou kanohi, ahakoa kāore e taea e rātou te tohu tika he aha te mea kua huri. Ka kite ētahi he kīkino, rānei he kōkī ngā raina tika ina titiro ki te kanohi e pā ana.

I roto i ngā keehi onge, ka puta pea te mamae, rānei te pehanga i roto i tō kanohi, ahakoa ko te nuinga o te wā ka puta anake ina nui te tipu o te mate pukupuku. Kia mahara, ka taea hoki e ēnei tohu te tohu i ētahi atu āhuatanga kanohi noa, no reira ko te wheako i a rātou kāore e tikanga kei a koe te melanoma.

He aha ngā Momo o te Melanoma Kanohi?

Ka whakarōpūhia ngā melanoma kanohi i runga i te wāhi e whanake ana i roto i tō kanohi. Ko te momo tino noa ko te uveal melanoma, e whakaatu ana i te 85% o ngā melanoma kanohi katoa.

Ka taea te puta te uveal melanoma i ētahi wāhi motuhake e toru. Ko te choroidal melanoma e whanake ana i te paparanga kei raro i tō retina, ā, koia te nuinga o ngā keehi. Ko te ciliary body melanoma e pā ana ki te uaua e whakahaere ana i te āhua o tō karaihe, ā, ko te iris melanoma e puta ana i te wāhanga tae o tō kanohi.

He tino onge te conjunctival melanoma, ā, e whanake ana i runga i te kiri angiangi, mārama e hipoki ana i te wāhanga ma o tō kanohi. Ko tēnei momo e rite ana ki te melanoma kiri, ā, ka hono pea ki te rā.

He momo tino onge ano te ingoa ko te orbital melanoma, e pā ana ki ngā kiko e karapoti ana i tō kokonga kanohi. Ko tēnei momo e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga motuhake, ā, ko te nuinga o te wā e whakauru ana i te rōpū o ngā tohunga rerekē.

He aha ngā Take o te Melanoma Kanohi?

Ko te take tika o te melanoma kanohi kāore i te tino mohiotia, ka raru pea tēnei ina ngana koe ki te mārama he aha i puta ai tēnei. Kāore i rite ki te melanoma kiri, kāore te melanoma kanohi i honotia ki te rā, ki te radiation UV rānei.

E whakapono ana ngā kairangahau ko ngā huringa ira i roto i ngā melanocytes te take o te mate pukupuku, engari kāore i te tino mārama he aha te take o ēnei huringa. E whakaatu ana ētahi rangahau ko ētahi momo huringa ira pea ka whai hua ake ai ētahi tāngata ki te whanake i tēnei āhuatanga.

Ka taea e ngā take taiao te whai wāhi, ahakoa he iti te mōhiotanga. Kua tirotirohia e ētahi rangahau ngā hononga ki te mahi wera, ki te whakamahinga matū, ki ētahi mahi rānei, engari kāore he hononga tino kī i whakatūria.

Ko te whai kanohi mārama, inā koa he kikorangi, he matomato rānei, e whai hua ana ki te piki ake o tō tūponotanga. Ka taea hoki e te kiri mārama me te uaua ki te whakawhāiti i te rā te whai wāhi ki te piki ake o te tūponotanga, ahakoa kāore te hononga e kaha ana i te mea kei te melanoma kiri.

Nōhea te Tiro ki te Tōhunga mō te Melanoma Kanohi?

Me whakarite e koe he whakamātau kanohi mena ka kite koe i ētahi huringa e mau tonu ana i tō tirohanga, inā koa mena e pā ana ki tetahi kanohi anake. Kaua e tatari kia pai ake ngā tohu i a rātou anō, i te mea ka pai ake te hua o te maimoatanga i te wā e kitea wawe ai.

Whakapaa atu ki tō tōhunga kanohi inaianei mena ka whanake koe i ngā pōkākā pouri hou i tō tirohanga, ka wheako koe i ngā huringa tirohanga ohorere, ka kite rānei koe i te wāhi pouri e tipu haere ana i runga i tō iris. Ko ēnei huringa e hiahia ana ki te aromatawai ngaio, ahakoa he tino noa ake te puta mai i ētahi atu āhuatanga.

Mena kei a koe ngā take tūponotanga mō te melanoma kanohi, pēnei i ngā kanohi mārama, i te hītori whānau o te melanoma rānei, kōrerohia ngā kaupapa whakamātau tika me tō kaiwhakarato tiaki kanohi. Ka taea e ngā whakamātau kanohi whānui te kite i ngā huringa i mua i te whanake o ngā tohu.

Kāore te nuinga o te wā e hiahiatia ana te tiaki ohorere, kāore rawa koe e wheako i te ngaro ohorere, nui o te tirohanga, i te mamae kanohi nui rānei. Heoi, kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu i te tiaki ohorere mena kei te manukanuka koe mō ngā huringa tere i tō tirohanga.

He aha ngā Take Tūponotanga mō te Melanoma Kanohi?

Ka taea e te mārama ki ō take tūponotanga te āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau whakamārama mō te whakamātau me te aroturuki. Ko te tau te take tino nui, me te nuinga o ngā keehi e puta ana i ngā tāngata neke atu i te 50 tau.

He maha ngā āhuatanga tinana ka piki ake ai tō tūponotanga:

• Ngā kanohi mārama, inā koa he kikorangi, he matomato rānei
• Te kiri mārama e wera ngāwari ana
• Te makawe whero, he kōwhai rānei
• Te uaua ki te whanake i te whakawhāiti
• Te whai i te maha o ngā tohu, i ngā whetu rānei

Ka piki ake hoki te tūponotanga o ētahi āhuatanga ira. Ko te ocular melanocytosis, e puta mai ana te tae nui ake i tō kanohi, me te dysplastic nevus syndrome, e whakauru ana i ngā tohu koretake, e rua ngā mea e hiahia ana ki te aroturuki ata.

Ko te whai hītori whānau o te melanoma, kanohi, kiri rānei, ka piki ake pea tō tūponotanga. Ko ētahi momo ira onge, pēnei i te BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome, e piki nui ana te tūponotanga o te whanake i te melanoma kanohi.

Kāore i rite ki te melanoma kiri, ko te whakamahinga o te rā i te mahi me te whakamahinga o te moenga whakawhāiti kāore e kitea he piki ake o te tūponotanga o te melanoma kanohi. Ko tēnei rerekētanga e miharo ana ki te hunga, ā, e whakaatu ana i te rerekētanga o tēnei mate pukupuku i tōna hoa kiri.

He aha ngā Hua Ka Taea o te Melanoma Kanohi?

Ko te hua tino awangawanga ko te metastasis, te wāhi e horapa ana ngā pūtau mate pukupuku ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana. He āhuatanga motuhake te melanoma kanohi ki te horapa ki te ate, koia te take i nui ai te aroturuki tonu ahakoa i muri i te maimoatanga angitu.

Ko ngā hua e pā ana ki te tirohanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rahi me te wāhi o te mate pukupuku. Ko ētahi tāngata e wheako ana i te ngaro o te tirohanga wāhanga, rānei katoa i te kanohi e pā ana, ā, ko ētahi e pupuri ana i te tirohanga mahi i te wa o te maimoatanga.

Ko te maimoatanga anō i etahi wā ka puta mai he hua. Ka taea e te maimoatanga radiation te arahi ki te kanohi maroke, ki ngā cataracts, ki te kino o te retina rānei i te wa roa. Ko te tango i te kanohi, ahakoa he mea tika i etahi wā, e hiahia ana ki te whakarite ki te tirohanga monocular.

Ka taea te whanake o te glaucoma tuarua ina whakaroa te mate pukupuku i te whakaheke wai noa i roto i tō kanohi. Ka taea e tēnei pehanga nui ake te puta mai i ētahi atu raruraru tirohanga, ā, ka hiahia pea ki te maimoatanga motuhake.

I roto i ngā keehi onge, ka taea e ngā mate pukupuku nui te puta mai i te mamae o te kanohi, i te āhua rānei. Ko ētahi tāngata e whanake ana i te mumura, i te toto rānei i roto i te kanohi, ka pā pea ki te tirohanga me te wātea.

Me pēhea te Whakatau o te Melanoma Kanohi?

Ko te whakatau e tīmata ana me te whakamātau kanohi whānui ka whakawhānuitia e tō tōhunga ō pūpū ki te tirotiro tika i roto i tō kanohi. Ka taea e tēnei te kite i ngā wāhi pea e pupuri ana i te melanoma.

Ka whakamahi tō tōhunga kanohi i ngā taputapu motuhake ki te tirotiro i tō retina me ētahi atu hanganga kanohi o roto. Ka tango pea ratou i ngā whakaahua, ka whakamahi rānei i te ultrasound ki te ine i ētahi wāhi whakapae me te whakatau i ō rātou āhuatanga.

Ko te fluorescein angiography e whakauru ana i te tae motuhake ki tō ringa e haere ana ki ngā uaua toto o tō kanohi. Ka āwhina tēnei whakamātau ki ngā tākuta ki te kite me pēhea te rere o te toto i ngā wāhi whakapae, ā, ka taea te whakaatu i ngā āhuatanga o te mate pukupuku.

I etahi wa ka whakamahia te fine needle aspiration biopsy ki te tiki i ngā tauira kiko, ahakoa kāore i te hiahiatia katoa mō te whakatau. Ka tūtohu pea tō tōhunga ki te whakamātau ira o ngā pūtau mate pukupuku hei āwhina i te kī taumata me te arahi i ngā whakatau maimoatanga.

Ko ngā rangahau whakaahua atu, pēnei i te MRI, i te CT scan rānei, e āwhina ana ki te whakatau mena kua horapa te mate pukupuku atu i tō kanohi. Ko ēnei whakamātau he mea nui mō te whakarōpū i te mate pukupuku me te whakarite i te maimoatanga tika.

He aha te Maimoatanga mō te Melanoma Kanohi?

Ko ngā whiringa maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rahi o tō mate pukupuku, ki te wāhi, ki ngā āhuatanga ira rānei, me tō hauora whānui me ō whāinga tirohanga. Ko te whāinga tonu ko te whakakore i te mate pukupuku me te pupuri i te tirohanga me te mahi kanohi nui rawa.

Ko te maimoatanga radiation te maimoatanga e pai ana ki ngā mate pukupuku o te rahi waenga. Ko te plaque brachytherapy e whakauru ana i te whakauru poto i te iti o te tīwiri radiation ki tō kanohi, e tuku ana i te radiation arotahi tika ki te mate pukupuku i roto i ngā rā maha.

Ko te radiation beam o waho e whakamahi ana i te radiation arotahi tika mai i waho o tō tinana. Ko te proton beam therapy, e wātea ana i ngā pokapū motuhake, ka taea te tuku radiation me te tika nui, ka taea te whakaiti i te kino ki ngā kiko hauora e karapoti ana.

Ko ngā whiringa pokanga e whakauru ana i te local resection, te wāhi e tangohia ai e ngā pokanga te mate pukupuku me te pupuri i tō kanohi. Ko te enucleation, te tango kanohi rānei, ka hiahiatia ina nui rawa ngā mate pukupuku, ina kore rānei e taea te pupuri i te tirohanga.

Mō ngā mate pukupuku iti, ka tūtohu pea tō tōhunga ki te aroturuki ata me ngā whakamātau noa. Ko ētahi melanoma iti e tipu haere ana i te wa roa, ā, kaore pea e hiahiatia te maimoatanga tika.

Ko ngā maimoatanga hou e whakauru ana i ngā rongoā whakaaro e whakaeke ana i ngā huringa ira motuhake i roto i ngā pūtau melanoma. Ko te immunotherapy, e āwhina ana i tō pūnaha mate ki te whawhai i te mate pukupuku, e whakaatu ana i te tumanako mō ngā keehi matatau.

Me pēhea te Tango i te Maimoatanga Kāinga i te Wā o te Melanoma Kanohi?

Ko te whakahaere i ngā hua o te maimoatanga e hiahia ana ki ngā rautaki tiaki motuhake ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te kāinga. Mena kei te whiwhi koe i te maimoatanga radiation, ka pā pea koe ki te mamae o te kanohi e whakautu pai ana ki ngā matū wai e whakaritea ana.

Ko te tiaki i ō kanohi mai i te mārama mārama e hiahiatia ana i te wā me muri i te maimoatanga. Ko te kakahu i ngā karāhe me te karo i te wā roa o te wā e taea ai te whakaiti i te mamae me te ngākau.

Ko te pupuri i te hauora whānui pai e tautoko ana i te kaha o tō tinana ki te ora me te whakahaere i te maimoatanga. Ko te kai i ngā kai kai, te pupuri i te wai, me te moe pai katoa e whai wāhi ana ki tō ora.

Ko ngā huringa tirohanga i te wā o te maimoatanga he mea noa, ā, he mea tūturu. Ko te whakarite i tō taiao kāinga ki te whakarite ki ētahi herenga tirohanga ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te pupuri i te motuhake me te ora.

Ko te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tōhunga mō ngā herenga mahi he mea nui, inā koa mena kua pokanga koe, kei te whiwhi rānei koe i te radiation. Ko ētahi maimoatanga e hiahia ana ki ngā herenga wā poto i te kōkī, i te kawe taumaha, i ngā mahi uaua rānei.

Me pēhea te Whakarite mō tō Huihuinga Tōhunga?

I mua i tō huihuinga, tuhia katoa ō tohu, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou me te āhua o te huringa i te wa roa. Ka āwhina tēnei mōhiohio i tō tōhunga ki te mārama ki te whanaketanga me te kaha o tō āhuatanga.

Whakahiatohia he rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā, ngā taapiri, me ngā matū wai kanohi kei te whakamahi koe inaianei. Ko ētahi rongoā ka pā pea ki ō kanohi, ka hono rānei ki ngā maimoatanga, no reira he mea nui tēnei mōhiohio mō te tiaki ora.

Whakaritea ngā pātai mō tō whakatau, ngā whiringa maimoatanga, me te aha e tatari ana i te wā ora. Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui mō ngā reiti angitu, ngā hua pea, me te āhua o te pā o te maimoatanga ki ō mahi o ia rā.

Kawea mai tetahi mema whānau, tetahi hoa rānei ki tō huihuinga mena ka taea. Ka āwhina te tautoko ngākau, ā, ka taea e tetahi atu tangata te āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui i kōrerotia i te wā o te haerenga.

Kohikohia ētahi atu rēkōta whakamātau kanohi, rānei ngā rangahau whakaahua pea kei a koe. Ka āwhina ēnei i tō tōhunga ki te aroturuki i ngā huringa i te wa roa, ā, ka taea te whai hua ki ngā whakatau maimoatanga.

He aha te Tango Matua mō te Melanoma Kanohi?

Ko te melanoma kanohi he āhuatanga nui engari ka taea te maimoatanga, inā koa ina kitea wawe mā ngā whakamātau kanohi noa. Ahakoa ka raru pea te whakatau, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e pupuri ana i te tirohanga pai me te kounga ora me te maimoatanga tika.

Ko te mahi tino nui ka taea e koe ko te whakarite i ngā whakamātau kanohi whānui noa, inā koa mena kei a koe ngā take tūponotanga, kei te kite rānei koe i ngā huringa tirohanga. Ko te kitea wawe e pai ake ai te hua o te maimoatanga me te pupuri i te tirohanga.

Kua tino whakahoutia te maimoatanga i ngā tau tata nei, e tuku ana i ētahi atu whiringa mō te pupuri i te tirohanga me te whakaora tika i te mate pukupuku. Ka mahi tahi tō rōpū hauora ki a koe ki te whakawhanake i te mahere maimoatanga e whakautu ana ki tō mate pukupuku me ō whāinga whaiaro.

Kia mahara ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kāore e tikanga ka whanake koe i te melanoma kanohi, ā, ko te wheako i ngā tohu kāore e tohu tika i te mate pukupuku. Heoi, ko te pupuri i te mataara mō tō hauora kanohi me te pupuri i te tiaki noa te tiaki pai rawa.

Ngā Pātai Ano e Uihia Ana mō te Melanoma Kanohi

Ka taea te aukati i te melanoma kanohi?

Aroha mai, kāore he huarahi kī e taea ai te aukati i te melanoma kanohi i te mea kāore i te tino mārama ōna take. Kāore i rite ki te melanoma kiri, kāore te melanoma kanohi i honotia ki te rā, no reira ko te tiaki i te rā kāore e whakaiti nui i te tūponotanga. Ko te huarahi pai ko ngā whakamātau kanohi noa, inā koa mena kei a koe ngā take tūponotanga pēnei i ngā kanohi mārama, i te hītori whānau o te melanoma rānei.

E hā te noa o te melanoma kanohi?

He tino onge te melanoma kanohi, e pā ana ki te 5-7 tāngata ia miriona ia tau i te United States. Ko tēnei onge e tikanga ana ko te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakarato tiaki kanohi e kite ana i ngā keehi torutoru i roto i ō rātou mahi. Ahakoa he iti ngā tau, ko te āhuatanga e hiahia ana ki te tiaki motuhake me te mātauranga mō ngā hua pai.

Ka ngaro taku tirohanga mena kei ahau te melanoma kanohi?

He rerekē ngā hua tirohanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rahi o tō mate pukupuku, ki te wāhi, ki te huarahi maimoatanga rānei e whakamahia ana. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e pupuri ana i te tirohanga mahi i tō rātou kanohi e pā ana, inā koa ina kitea wawe te melanoma. Ka kōrero tō tōhunga mō ngā tumanakohanga pono e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō āhuatanga motuhake, ā, ka mahi ki te pupuri i te tirohanga nui rawa.

He mea whakatūpato te melanoma kanohi?

Ko te nuinga o ngā melanoma kanohi kāore i te mea whakatūpato, e tikanga ana kāore e rere i roto i ngā whānau. Heoi, ko ētahi momo ira onge, pēnei i te BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome, ka taea te piki ake o te tūponotanga nui. Mena kei a koe te hītori whānau o te melanoma, i ngā tauira mate pukupuku rerekē rānei, kōrerohia te tohutohu ira me tō kaiwhakarato hauora.

E hā te wā e hiahia ana ahau ki ngā huihuinga whai muri i te maimoatanga?

He rerekē ngā kaupapa whai muri e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō momo maimoatanga me ō take tūponotanga takitahi, engari ko te nuinga o te wā e whakauru ana i ngā whakamātau i ia 3-6 marama i te tīmatanga, katahi ka ia tau mō ngā tau maha. Ko te aroturuki noa he mea nui i te mea ka taea e te melanoma kanohi te horapa ki ētahi atu whekau, inā koa te ate, ahakoa i muri i te maimoatanga kanohi angitu. Ka hanga e tō tōhunga he mahere aroturuki whaiaro mō tō āhuatanga.