He aha te tirohanga tawhiti? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga
Created at:1/16/2025
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Ko te tirohanga tawhiti, e kiia ana hoki ko te hyperopia, he āhuatanga tirohanga noa e taea ai e koe te kite mārama i ngā mea tawhiti, engari ka mōrearea ngā mea tata. Ka puta mai i te kore e pēnei te kanohi e whakakotahi ai te mārama, ka puta ai te aro ki muri i tōu retina i te mea kei runga tonu.
Ko tēnei hapa whakakotahitanga e pā ana ki te miriona o te iwi puta noa te ao, ā, ka taea te whanake i tetahi tau. Ahakoa ko ētahi tāngata ka whānau mai me te tirohanga tawhiti ngawari e pai ake ana i te mea ka tipu haere rātou, ka kite atu ētahi i te mea ka kitea ake i te mea ka pakeke haere rātou, inā koa i te pānui, i te mahi tata rānei.
He aha ngā tohu o te tirohanga tawhiti?
Ko te tohu tino marama o te tirohanga tawhiti ko te uaua ki te kite i ngā mea tata i te mea kei te mārama tonu te tirohanga tawhiti. Ka kite pea koe i te mea ka uaua ake te pānui, te tuhituhi, te titiro rānei ki tō waea.
Ko ēnei ngā tohu noa ka pā atu ki a koe:
- Tirohanga mōrearea i te pānui, i te mahi tata rānei
- Te ngākau mamae o te kanohi, te mamae rānei o te kanohi i muri i te aro ki ngā mahi tata
- Ngā mamae o te mahunga, inā koa i muri i te pānui, i te mahi rorohiko rānei
- Te piripiri ki te kite mārama i te tata
- Te ngenge i muri i ngā mahi e hiahia ana ki te tirohanga tata
- Te uaua ki te aro ki te mahi taipitopito
Ka whakaatu pea ngā tamariki me te tirohanga tawhiti i ngā tohu rerekē, nā te mea ka rite tonu rātou ki te whakarite i te kore e mohio kei a rātou ngā raruraru tirohanga. Ka karo pea rātou i te pānui, ka uaua ki te kura, ka iti ake rānei te hiahia ki ngā mahi e hiahia ana ki te aro tata.
I ētahi wā, ka kore pea e kite ngā tāngata me te tirohanga tawhiti ngawari i ngā tohu tae noa ki o rātou tau 40 i te wā ka puta mai ngā huringa pakeke o te tau e whai ake nei i te āhuatanga. Ka taea te whakarongo atu ki tēnei, engari ko te tikanga ko te kaha o te aro o ō kanohi e heke haere ana i te wa.
He aha ngā take o te tirohanga tawhiti?
Ka puta te tirohanga tawhiti ina poto rawa tō pōro kanohi mai i mua ki muri, i te iti rawa rānei o te kōnuhunga o tō cornea. Whakaarohia tō kanohi ano he kāmera e hiahia ana ki te aro mārama tika ki te "kiriata" i muri, arā, tō retina.
Ko ngā take matua e whai ake nei:
- Ngā take ira e tukuna ana mai i ngā mātua
- Ngā rerekētanga āhua kanohi noa e puta mai ana i te whānau
- Cornea e pōrararā atu ana i te noa
- Pōro kanohi e poto atu ana i te toharite
- Ngā huringa e pā ana ki te pakeketanga i te ngākau o te karaihe o te kanohi
Ko te nuinga o ngā take o te tirohanga tawhiti he mea noa noa i te rerekētanga o te whanaketanga o ō kanohi. Kāore i puta mai i te pānui i te mārama ngoikore, te noho tata rawa ki ngā mata, i ngā mahi rānei i mahi koe, i kore rānei e mahi.
I ētahi wā, ka taea e te tirohanga tawhiti te puta mai i ētahi atu āhuatanga o te kanohi penei i ngā huringa e pā ana ki te mate huka, ngā pūngāwerewere kanohi, i ngā raruraru rānei me ngā oko toto i roto i te retina. Heoi, he onge enei take, ā, ka tae mai me ētahi atu tohu e kitea ana.
Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō te tirohanga tawhiti?
Me whakarite e koe he tirotiro kanohi mena kei te pā atu koe ki te tirohanga mōrearea tonu tata, ki te ngākau mamae rānei o te kanohi e āwangawanga ana ki ngā mahi o ia rā. Ka taea e ngā tirotiro kanohi noa te hopu i ngā huringa tirohanga i mua, ahakoa i mua i te mea ka tino āwangawanga ngā tohu.
Whakaarohia te haere ki tetahi kaimahi tiaki kanohi mena ka kite koe:
- Te uaua tonu ki te pānui, ki te mahi tata rānei
- Ngā mamae o te mahunga i muri i ngā mahi tirohanga
- Te ngākau mamae o te kanohi e kore e pai ake me te okioki
- Te piripiri, te pupuri rānei i ngā rauemi pānui i te roa o te ringa
- Te hekenga o te kounga o te ora na te raruraru tirohanga
Mō ngā tamariki, kia titiro ki ngā tohu penei i te karo i te mahi kāinga, te pupuri i ngā pukapuka tata rawa atu rānei, te kōrero rānei mō ngā kanohi ngenge. Kāore ngā tamariki e mohio kei te noa to rātou tirohanga, no reira he mea nui ngā tirotiro kanohi tamariki noa.
Mena ka pā atu koe ki ngā huringa tirohanga ohorere, te mamae nui o te kanohi, te kite rānei i ngā rama rama, i ngā tohu rere rānei, rapuhia te awhina hauora tonu. Ahakoa ehara ēnei i ngā tohu noa o te tirohanga tawhiti, ka taea e rātou te tohu i ētahi atu āhuatanga kino o te kanohi.
He aha ngā take morearea mō te tirohanga tawhiti?
He maha ngā take ka taea te whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te tirohanga tawhiti, ahakoa he maha ngā tāngata me ēnei take morearea kaore e pā atu ki ngā raruraru tirohanga. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei take te awhina i a koe ki te noho mōhio ki ngā huringa pea.
Ko ngā take morearea noa e whai ake nei:
- Te hītori whānau o te tirohanga tawhiti, i ētahi atu hapa whakakotahitanga rānei
- Te tau, inā koa i muri i te 40 i te wā e whanake ana te presbyopia
- Ētahi iwi motuhake me ngā reiti teitei o te hyperopia
- Te whānau wawe, ka taea te pā ki te whanaketanga kanohi
- Te whai i ētahi āhuatanga hauora penei i te mate huka
He mea nui rawa te pakeketanga, nā te mea ka whanake pea ngā tāngata me te tirohanga tawhiti noa i te presbyopia i te wā tata ki te 40. Ka uaua ake tēnei āhuatanga ki te aro ki ngā mea tata, ā, ka taea te whakaatu ake i te tirohanga tawhiti kei reira.
Ko te whai i ngā take morearea kāore e whakamana ka whanake koe i te tirohanga tawhiti. He maha ngā tāngata me te hītori whānau e pupuri ana i te tirohanga pai puta noa i o rātou oranga, i te mea ka hiahia pea ētahi atu kaore he take morearea e kitea ana ki te whakatika tirohanga.
He aha ngā raruraru pea o te tirohanga tawhiti?
Ka taea e te tirohanga tawhiti kore i te maimoatanga te arahi ki ngā raruraru maha e pā ana ki tō mātauranga o ia rā me te kounga o te ora. Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o ēnei take ka taea te aukati ngāwari me te whakatika tirohanga tika.
Ko ngā raruraru pea e whai ake nei:
- Te ngākau mamae o te kanohi me te ngenge mai i te kaha o te aro tonu
- Ngā mamae o te mahunga, inā koa i muri i te mahi tata
- Te hekenga o te hua i te mahi, i te kura rānei
- Te whakapiki ake i te morearea o ngā aituā na te tirohanga tata ngoikore
- Kanohi mangere (amblyopia) i ngā tamariki mena kaore i te maimoatia
- Ngā kanohi whiti (strabismus) mai i te mahi nui o ngā uaua aro
I ngā tamariki, ka taea te tino awangawanga o te tirohanga tawhiti kore i te whakatika. Ka taea e to rātou pūnaha tirohanga e whanake ana te manaaki i tetahi kanohi i runga i tetahi atu, ka arahi pea ki ngā raruraru tirohanga pumau mena kaore i te whakahaeretia i te wa.
Ka kite pea ngā pakeke me te tirohanga tawhiti kore i te maimoatia i te hekenga o te kounga o te ora, te karo i ngā mahi i pai ai rātou i mua penei i te pānui, i ngā mahi toi rānei. Ka taea e te kaha tonu ki te aro te ngenge hinengaro me te tinana.
Me pēhea te whakatau i te tirohanga tawhiti?
Ko te whakatau i te tirohanga tawhiti e hiahia ana ki tetahi tirotiro kanohi whānui e mārama ana, e ngāwari ana. Ka whakamahi tō kaimahi tiaki kanohi i ngā whakamātautau maha hei whakatau i te nui o ō hiahia whakatika tirohanga.
Ko te tukanga whakatau e whai ake nei:
- Te whakamātautau mārama tirohanga mā te whakamahi i te tūtohu kanohi hei ine i te koi o te tirohanga
- Te whakamātautau whakakotahitanga hei whakatau i te rongoa tika e hiahiatia ana
- Ngā whakamātautau mahi uaua kanohi hei tirotiro i te pai o te mahi tahi o ō kanohi
- Te tirotiro i te hauora kanohi mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu motuhake
- Te whākōkī i te pupi hei whiwhi i te tirohanga pai ake o ngā hanganga o roto o te kanohi
I te wā o te whakamātautau whakakotahitanga, ka titiro koe i ngā karaihe rerekē i te pānui i ngā reta i runga i te tūtohu. Ka awhina tēnei ki te whakatau i te mana karaihe e homai ana ki a koe te tirohanga tino mārama. He kore mamae te tukanga, ā, ka roa pea te 30 meneti.
Ka taea hoki e tō taote kanohi te whakamahi i te autorefraction, he whakamātautau rorohiko e homai ana he ine tuatahi o tō hapa whakakotahitanga. Heoi, ka whai ake tēnei i te whakakotahitanga ringa mō te rongoa tino tika.
He aha te maimoatanga mō te tirohanga tawhiti?
He tino taea te maimoatanga o te tirohanga tawhiti me ngā whiringa whai hua maha ka taea te whakahoki mai i te tirohanga mārama, ngāwari. Ko te maimoatanga pai rawa atu e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō taumata o te tirohanga tawhiti, te oranga, me ngā manakohanga whaiaro.
Ko ngā whiringa maimoatanga e whai ake nei:
- Ngā karaihe me ngā karaihe convex hei awhina i te aro mārama tika
- Ngā karaihe whakapā mō te hunga e pai ana ki te kore e kakahu i ngā karaihe
- Te pokanga whakakotahitanga penei i te LASIK mō te whakatika tirohanga pumau
- Ngā karaihe whakapā e tāpiri ana mō ngā take kino
- Te pokanga whakakapinga karaihe i ētahi wā
Ko ngā karaihe tonu te maimoatanga tino noa me te haumaru. He angiangi ake, he mārama ake ngā karaihe hou, ā, ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri mai i ngā momo anga e whakakotahi ana i tō ahua.
Ka homai e ngā karaihe whakapā te rangatiratanga mai i ngā karaihe, ā, ka taea te homai he mara whānui ake o te tirohanga mārama. Kei te wātea ngā whiringa whakamahi ia rā me te whakamahinga roa, e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō hauora kanohi me ō manakohanga.
Mō te hunga e rapu ana i te otinga pumau, ka taea e te pokanga whakakotahitanga te tino whai hua. Ka whakaahua hou te LASIK i tō cornea mā te laser, ka taea ai te aro mārama tika ki tō retina. Heoi, ehara i te mea ko te katoa he kaitono mō te pokanga.
Me pēhea te whakahaere i te tirohanga tawhiti i te kāinga?
Ahakoa kaore e taea e koe te whakaora i te tirohanga tawhiti i te kāinga, he maha ngā rautaki ka taea te awhina i te whakaiti i te ngākau mamae o te kanohi me te whakapai ake i ngā mahi o ia rā kia tae ra ano koe ki te whakatika tirohanga tika.
Ko ngā tikanga whakahaere kāinga whai hua e whai ake nei:
- Te whakarite i te mārama tika i te pānui, i te mahi tata rānei
- Te tango i ngā okioki noa i ngā mahi taipitopito (tēnā te ture 20-20-20)
- Te whakanoho i ngā rauemi pānui i te tawhiti ngāwari
- Te whakamahi i ngā karaihe whakanui mō te tuhituhi iti ina hiahiatia
- Te whakarite i te mārama o te mata rorohiko me te rahi o te tuhituhi
- Te pupuri i te tuunga pai hei whakaiti i te ngākau mamae o te kaki me te kanohi
He tino awhina te ture 20-20-20: ia 20 meneti, titiro ki tetahi mea 20 waewae te tawhiti mō te 20 hēkona. Ka homai tēnei ki ō uaua aro te wā ki te okioki, ā, ka taea te whakaiti nui i te ngenge o te kanohi.
He mea nui te mārama pai mō te whakaiti i te ngākau mamae. Whakamahia te mārama mārama, teitei e kore e hanga i te mārama, i ngā atarangi rānei i runga i tō papa mahi. Whakanohoia ngā puna mārama ki te taha i te mea kei muri, i mua rānei o te mea kei te titiro koe.
Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taote kanohi?
Ko te whakarite mō tō hui kanohi e whakarite ana ka whiwhi koe i te whakatau me ngā tūtohu maimoatanga tino tika. Ka taea e te whakarite iti te whakapai ake i te haere, me te whai kōrero.
I mua i tō hui:
- Hangaia he rārangi o ngā tohu kua pā atu ki a koe me te wā e puta mai ana
- Kohikohia ngā kōrero mō te hītori hauora kanohi o tō whānau
- Mau mai ō karaihe o nāianei, i te rongoa karaihe whakapā rānei
- Rārangihia ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri katoa e inu ana koe
- Whakaritea ngā pātai mō ngā whiringa maimoatanga me ngā utu
- Whakaritehia te kawe mena ka whākōkītia ō kanohi
Ka whakamahi pea tō taote kanohi i ngā matū whākōkī kanohi i te wā o te tirotiro, ka taea te mōrearea i tō tirohanga me te mārama-whaiaro mō ngā haora maha. Ko te whai i tetahi ki te tarai atu ki a koe te whiringa tino haumaru.
Kaua e kakahu i ngā karaihe whakapā ki tō hui mena ka taea, inā koa mena kei te whiwhi koe i tetahi rongoa hou. Ka homai e te āhua noa o tō kanohi ngā ine tino tika mō te whakatau i ō hiahia whakatika tirohanga.
He aha te mea nui mō te tirohanga tawhiti?
He āhuatanga tirohanga noa, he ngāwari te maimoatanga o te tirohanga tawhiti e kore ai e whakawhāiti i ō mahi o ia rā, i te kounga rānei o te ora. Me te whakatau tika me te whakatika, ka taea e koe te pai ki te tirohanga mārama, ngāwari i ngā tawhiti katoa.
Ko te mea nui rawa atu hei mahara ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga ka aukati i ngā raruraru, ka whakapai ake i tō oranga whānui. Ka awhina ngā tirotiro kanohi noa ki te hopu i ngā huringa i mua i te mea ka pā nui ki tō oranga.
He nui ake te whai hua me te ngāwari o ngā whiringa maimoatanga hou i mua i te wā. Ahakoa ka whiriwhiri koe i ngā karaihe, ngā whakapā, i te pokanga rānei, he whiringa pai kei a koe mō te whakahaere i te tirohanga tawhiti.
Ngā pātai noa e ui ana mō te tirohanga tawhiti
Ka taea te kino ake o te tirohanga tawhiti i te wa?
Ae, ka taea te kino ake o te tirohanga tawhiti me te pakeketanga, inā koa i muri i te 40 i te wā e whanake ana te presbyopia. Heoi, he ngawari te hekenga, ā, ka taea te whakahaere me ngā rongoā hou. Ka awhina ngā tirotiro kanohi noa ki te tirotiro i ngā huringa, ki te whakarite rānei i te maimoatanga.
He ira te tirohanga tawhiti?
Ka rere pea te tirohanga tawhiti i roto i ngā whānau, e tohu ana i te waahanga ira kaha. Mena kei ō mātua, i ō teina rānei te hyperopia, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka whanake koe i te mea. Heoi, ehara te ira i te mea anake, ā, ko te whai i te hītori whānau kāore e whakamana ka tirohanga tawhiti koe.
Ka taea e ngā tamariki te tipu i te tirohanga tawhiti?
He maha ngā tamariki ka whānau mai me te tirohanga tawhiti ngawari e pai ake ana i te mea ka tipu haere, ka whanake haere rātou. Heoi, ko te tirohanga tawhiti nui e hiahia ana ki te whakatika hei aukati i ngā raruraru penei i te kanohi mangere, i ngā uaua ako rānei. Ka taea e te taote kanohi o tō tamaiti te whakatau mena he hiahia te maimoatanga.
Kei te puta mai te tirohanga tawhiti i te wā mata?
Kāore te wā mata e puta mai ai te tirohanga tawhiti, engari ka taea te whakaatu ake i ngā tohu kei reira, me te kore e ngāwari. Ka taea e te mahi tata roa te arahi ki te ngākau mamae o te kanohi me te ngenge, inā koa mena kei a koe te hyperopia kore i te whakatika. Ka taea e te tango i ngā okioki noa me te whakamahi i te mārama tika te awhina i te whakaiti i te kore e ngāwari.
Me pehea te maha o oku tirotiro kanohi mena he tirohanga tawhiti ahau?
Me whai ngā pakeke me te tirohanga tawhiti i ngā tirotiro kanohi whānui ia 1-2 tau, i te mea i tūtohuhia e to rātou kaimahi tiaki kanohi rānei. Mena kei te kakahu koe i ngā karaihe, i ngā whakapā rānei, ka awhina ngā tirotiro ia tau ki te whakarite kei te tika tonu tō rongoa, kei te pai tonu hoki tō hauora kanohi.