He aha te Ngā Whakapairuaki Wera? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te ngā whakapairuaki wera he whakapairuaki e puta ana ina piki haere te pāmahana o te tinana o te tamaiti, te nuinga o te wā i te wā e pāwera ana. He tino noa enei whakapairuaki, ā, e pā ana ki te 1 o te 25 o ngā tamariki i waenga i te 6 marama me te 5 tau te pakeke. Ahakoa he wehi nui te kite i tō tamaiti e whakapairuaki ana, he kore kino te nuinga o ngā whakapairuaki wera, ā, kāore e puta he raruraru roa.

He aha te ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Ka puta te ngā whakapairuaki wera ina mutu te mahi tika o te roro o tō tamaiti no te piki tere o te pāmahana o te tinana. Whakaarohia he kaitapa e mutu ana te mahi ina nui rawa te hiko. He māmā ake te roro e whanake ana i ngā tamariki iti ki ngā huringa pāmahana, nō reira ka puta enei whakapairuaki i mua i te 6 tau.

Ko te nuinga o enei whakapairuaki ka roa mai i te 30 hēkona ki te 2 meneti, ahakoa ka roa ake te ahua ina tirohia e koe. Ka taea e tō tamaiti te whakakikī, te wiri i ōna ringa me ōna waewae, te huri i ōna kanohi, te ngaro poto rānei i te mohio. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki ka ora katoa i roto i ngā meneti ka mahi noa i muri mai.

He aha ngā tohu o ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Ka rerekē ngā tohu i runga i te momo ngā whakapairuaki wera e pā ana ki tō tamaiti. Ko te nuinga o ngā mātua e kōrero ana mō te ngāwari me te wehi i te wā tuatahi ka kite rātou i ēnei tohu, he mea tika tērā.

Ngā whakapairuaki wera ngāwari (te momo tino noa) e whakaatu ana i ēnei tohu:

• Te whakakikī o te tinana katoa ka whai ake ngā nekehanga wiri
• Te ngaro o te mohio mō te 1-2 meneti
• Te huri o ngā kanohi ki muri, te titiro rānei ki te kore
• Te whakapohehe poto, te moe rānei i muri mai
• Kāore he ngoikore roa, he raruraru rānei

Ngā whakapairuaki wera uaua he iti ake te noa engari he āwangawanga ake:

• Te whakapairuaki e roa atu ana i te 15 meneti
• Te pā ana ki tētahi wāhanga o te tinana anake
• Te puta atu i te kotahi i roto i te 24 haora
• Te roa ake te ora ki te ara ara noa

I muri i tetahi ngā whakapairuaki wera, ka puta pea tō tamaiti he ngenge, he whakapohehe, he ngakau pouri rānei mō te 30 meneti. He mea noa tēnei, ā, kāore e whakaatu ana he he tetahi mea ki tōna roro.

He aha ngā momo ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Ka wehewehea e ngā tākuta ngā whakapairuaki wera ki ētahi momo nui e rua i runga i te āhua me te roa o te wā. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei rerekētanga te āwhina i a koe ki te mohio ki te aha e tatari ana koe me te wā hei kimi i te tiaki tere.

Ngā whakapairuaki wera ngāwari e hanga ana i te 85% o ngā take katoa. Ka kiia he "ngāwari" no te mea ka whai i te tauira e whai mana ana, ā, he iti rawa ngā raruraru. Ka pā enei whakapairuaki ki te tinana katoa, ka roa i raro i te 15 meneti, ā, kāore e whakahokia i roto i te 24 haora.

Ngā whakapairuaki wera uaua he iti ake te noa engari he nui ake te aro. Ka roa atu rānei i te 15 meneti, ka pā rānei ki tētahi taha o te tinana anake, te maha rānei o ngā wā i roto i tētahi rā. Ahakoa he haumaru tonu, he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā whakapairuaki uaua ki te arahi ki ngā raruraru whakapairuaki a muri ake nei.

He aha ngā take o ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Ko te take matua he piki tere o te pāmahana o te tinana o tō tamaiti, te nuinga o te wā ina piki tere te pāwera mai i te noa ki te 101°F (38.3°C) neke atu rānei. Kāore i te mea nui te teitei o te pāwera, engari te tere o te piki.

Ko ngā mate noa e taea ai te whakaoho i ngā whakapairuaki wera ko:

• Ngā mate huaketo penei i te mate huka, te mate huaketo, te roseola rānei
• Ngā mate taringa
• Ngā mate korokoro
• Te mate puku
• Te mate huango
• Ngā mate huaketo o te ara mimi

I etahi wa, ka taea e ngā whakakakahu te whakaoho i te pāwera e arahi ana ki ngā whakapairuaki, ina koa te whakakakahu MMR (mate huaketo, mate mumps, mate rubella). Ka puta tēnei i te 1 o te 3,000 ki te 4,000 o ngā tamariki, ā, ko te nuinga o te wā ka puta i te 8-14 rā i muri i te whakakakahu.

I ngā take onge, ka taea e ngā mate kino ake penei i te meningitis, te encephalitis rānei te whakaoho i ngā whakapairuaki wera. Heoi, ko ēnei āhuatanga e puta mai ana me ētahi atu tohu whakatūpato penei i te mamae o te upoko nui, te ngoikore o te kaki, te ngenge nui rānei.

Nōhea koe me haere ki te tākuta mō ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Waea atu ki te 111 inaianei mehemea kei te whakapairuaki tō tamaiti, mehemea ka roa atu i te 5 meneti, te uaua rānei ki te manawa. Ahakoa he kore kino te nuinga o ngā whakapairuaki wera, me whakamātau koe ki te whakamārama i ngā take nui.

Rapua te tiaki tere inaianei mehemea ka whakaatu tō tamaiti i ēnei tohu:

• Te whakapairuaki e roa atu ana i te 5 meneti
• Te uaua ki te manawa, te kōwhatu rānei o ngā ngutu
• Te moe nui i muri i te mutunga o te whakapairuaki
• Te ngoikore o te kaki, te mamae nui rānei o te upoko
• Te ruaki anō
• Ngā tohu o te maroke

Whakapa atu ki tō tākuta whānau i roto i te 24 haora mō tetahi ngā whakapairuaki wera, ahakoa ka pai te ahua o tō tamaiti i muri mai. Ka hiahia rātou ki te tirotiro i tō tamaiti me te whakatau i te take o te pāwera.

Mō ngā whakapairuaki wera a muri ake nei i ngā tamariki kua pāwera atu i mua, kāore koe e hiahia ki te tiaki tere, mehemea ka roa atu te whakapairuaki i te noa, te āwangawanga rānei o tō tamaiti i ngā wā o mua.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō ngā whakapairuaki wera?

He maha ngā take ka piki ake te tūponotanga o tō tamaiti ki te ngā whakapairuaki wera. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei take tūponotanga te āwhina i a koe ki te whakarite, ahakoa kia mahara ko te maha o ngā tamariki me ngā take tūponotanga kāore e whakapairuaki.

Ko ngā take tūponotanga tino nui ko:

• Te pakeke i waenga i te 6 marama me te 5 tau (ko te tūponotanga nui ko te 12-18 marama)
• Te hītori whānau o ngā whakapairuaki wera i ngā mātua, i ngā teina rānei
• Te whakapairuaki wera o mua
• Te haere ki te rūma tamariki (te piki o te whakamahinga ki ngā mate)
• Ngā whakaroa whanaketanga
• Te whānau wawe

He mea nui te whai i te hītori whānau. Mehemea kua pāwera koe, kua pāwera rānei tō hoa i te wā tamariki, kei a tō tamaiti te 25% o te tūponotanga ki te pāwera. Mehemea kua pāwera ngā mātua e rua, ka piki te tūponotanga ki te 50%.

Ko ngā tamariki e pāwera ana i te wā tuatahi i mua i te 1 tau, te hunga rānei me ngā whakapairuaki wera uaua, he nui ake te tūponotanga ki te whai atu i ngā whakapairuaki a muri ake nei.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Ko te rongo pai ko ngā whakapairuaki wera ka iti te puta he raruraru roa, he pakaru roro rānei. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki e pāwera ana ka tupu noa ki te kore he pānga ki tō rātou ako, āhua, whanaketanga rānei.

Heoi, he etahi āwangawanga pea hei matapaki:

• Te tūponotanga o te whara i te wā o te whakapairuaki mai i te hinga, te patu rānei i ngā mea
• Te piki iti o te tūponotanga o te mate whakapairuaki a muri ake nei (mo te 2-5% vs 1% i te taupori whānui)
• Te hokinga mai o ngā whakapairuaki wera me ngā pāwera a muri ake nei
• Ngā raruraru mahara poto, te whakapohehe rānei i muri i ngā whakapairuaki uaua
• Te manukanuka o ngā mātua mō ngā pāwera me ngā mate a muri ake nei

He nui ake te tūponotanga o te whanake i te mate whakapairuaki mehemea kei a tō tamaiti ngā whakapairuaki wera uaua, te hītori whānau o te mate whakapairuaki, te whakaroa whanaketanga rānei. Ahakoa, ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki kāore e whanake i ngā raruraru whakapairuaki tonu.

I ngā take onge rawa, ko ngā whakapairuaki wera roa rawa (roa atu i te 30 meneti) ka puta pea etahi huringa roro, engari he onge tēnei me te tiaki hauora tika.

Me pēhea te aukati i ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Heoi, kāore e taea e koe te aukati katoa i ngā whakapairuaki wera no te mea ka whakaohohia e te whakautu taiao o tō tamaiti ki te mate. Heoi, ka taea e koe te tango i ngā kaupae hei whakaiti i te pāwera me te whakaiti pea i te tūponotanga.

Ina pāwera ana tō tamaiti, ka taea e ēnei rautaki te āwhina:

• Hoatu ngā rongoā whakaiti pāwera penei i te acetaminophen, te ibuprofen rānei e ai ki ngā tohutohu
• Kia pai te inu wai o tō tamaiti me te maha o ngā wai
• Kakahuhia ki ngā kakahu māmā
• Whakamahia ngā kaukau mahana, ngā kaukau pūngāwerewere rānei (aukati i te hukapapa, te waipiro rānei)
• Kia pai te pāmahana o te ruma
• Aroturukihia te pāmahana i ia wā

Kia mahara ko te aukati i te pāwera kāore e whakamana i te aukati i ngā whakapairuaki, no te mea ka puta te whakapairuaki ina piki haere te pāwera, i mua rānei i te mohio koe kei te mate tō tamaiti.

Ka taea pea e etahi tākuta te whakahau i te rongoā aukati whakapairuaki mō ngā tamariki me ngā whakapairuaki wera uaua maha, engari he onge tēnei, ā, he tūponotanga ake me ngā pānga.

Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Ka tīmata te whakatau i a koe e whakaatu ana i te mea i puta i te wā o te whakapairuaki. Ka hiahia tō tākuta ki te mohio ki te roa o te wā, te āhua o tō tamaiti, me te āhua o rātou i muri mai.

Ko te whakamātau tinana e arotahi ana ki te kimi i te take o te pāwera me te tirotiro i ngā tohu o te mate kino. Ka titiro tō tākuta ki ngā mate taringa, ngā mate korokoro, ngā take noa rānei o te pāwera i ngā tamariki.

Ka taea e ngā whakamātau atu te whakauru:

• Ngā whakamātau toto hei tirotiro i te mate, i ētahi atu raruraru rānei
• Ngā whakamātau mimi hei whakakore i ngā mate huaketo o te ara mimi
• Te X-ray uma mehemea ka whakapaehia te mate huango
• Te whakakī lumbar (te whakakī o te tuaiwi) i ngā take onge mehemea ka whakapaehia te meningitis

Mō ngā whakapairuaki wera ngāwari i ngā tamariki neke atu i te 18 marama, kāore te nuinga o te whakamātau e hiahiatia. Ko te arotahi ko te whakaora i te mate e whakaoho ana i te pāwera.

Ko te EEG (te whakamātau roro) me te whakaahua roro kāore te nuinga e hiahiatia mehemea kei a tō tamaiti ngā whakapairuaki wera uaua, ētahi atu tohu āwangawanga rānei.

He aha te maimoatanga mō ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Ko te nuinga o ngā whakapairuaki wera ka mutu noa iho i roto i ngā meneti torutoru, ā, kāore e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga whakapairuaki motuhake. Ko te arotahi matua ko te whakaora i te mate, te pupuri rānei i tō tamaiti kia pai.

I te wā o te whakapairuaki, ko te mea nui ko te pupuri i tō tamaiti kia ora. Hurihia ki tōna taha, whakakorehia te rohe o ngā mea pakeke, kaua rawa e whakauru i tetahi mea ki tōna waha. Wāhia te whakapairuaki me te noho mā, ahakoa he wehi.

I muri i te whakapairuaki, ko te maimoatanga e whakauru ana:

• Ngā rongoā whakaiti pāwera (acetaminophen, ibuprofen rānei)
• Ngā rongoā mate huaketo mehemea ka kitea te mate huaketo
• Te maha o ngā wai me te okioki
• Te aroturuki tata mō ngā whakapairuaki atu
• Te whakaora i te mate e whakaoho ana i te pāwera

Mō ngā tamariki me ngā whakapairuaki wera uaua maha, ka whakaaro pea ngā tākuta ki ngā rongoā aukati, engari me whakaaro marie tēnei whakatau ki ngā painga me ngā tūponotanga.

Ka taea pea te whakahau i ngā rongoā tere penei i te rectal diazepam mō ngā tamariki me ngā whakapairuaki roa, ahakoa he onge tēnei.

Me pēhea te whakarato i te tiaki kāinga i te wā o ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Ko te mohio ki te whakautu i te wā me i muri i te whakapairuaki wera ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te noho mā, ki te pupuri rānei i tō tamaiti kia ora ake. Ko te nuinga o tō tiaki ka arotahi ki te whakahaere i te pāwera me te matapae i ngā tohu o te mate.

I te wā o te whakapairuaki, kia mahara ki ēnei kaupae:

• Noho mā, wāhia te whakapairuaki
• Hurihia tō tamaiti ki tōna taha hei aukati i te ngākau
• Tangohia ngā mea pakeke i te rohe
• Kaua rawa e whakauru i tetahi mea ki tōna waha
• Kaua e ngana ki te pupuri i a rātou, ki te mutu rānei i ngā nekehanga
• Waea atu ki te 111 mehemea ko te whakapairuaki tuatahi tēnei, te roa atu rānei i te 5 meneti

I muri i te mutunga o te whakapairuaki, arotahi ki te whakamarie me te whakahaere pāwera. Hoatu te rongoā whakaiti pāwera e ai ki ngā tohutohu, hoatu ngā inu iti, kia okioki tō tamaiti. Pupurihia te ruma kia makariri, kia pai hoki.

Matapakihia ngā tohu e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tere, penei i te uaua ki te manawa, te moe nui, te ruaki anō rānei. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki ka hoki ki tō rātou āhua noa i roto i te haora.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō haerenga ki te tākuta ka taea te āwhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i ngā korero me te tiaki e hiahia ana tō tamaiti. Tuhia ō tirohanga i te wā kei te hou i roto i tō mahara.

I mua i tō hui, kohia ēnei korero:

• Te wā tika me te roa o te whakapairuaki
• Te whakaahuatanga o te āhua o te whakapairuaki
• Te pāmahana o tō tamaiti i mua, i te wā, i muri rānei
• Te āhua o tō tamaiti i mua, i muri rānei i te whakapairuaki
• Ngā rongoā i hoatu me te wā
• Te hītori whānau o ngā whakapairuaki wera, te mate whakapairuaki rānei

Mauria he rārangi o ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui, penei i te aha e tatari ana mehemea ka puta tetahi atu whakapairuaki, te wā hei waea atu ki te tākuta, te whakahaere pai rānei i ngā pāwera a muri ake nei.

Mehemea e taea ana, mau mai ngā rongoā kei te inu nei tō tamaiti me tōna rēkōta whakakakahu. Ka āwhina ēnei korero i tō tākuta ki te whakatau i ngā whakatau maimoatanga pai.

He aha te mea nui mō ngā whakapairuaki wera?

He wehi te kite i ngā whakapairuaki wera, engari he iti rawa te kino ki te hauora roa me te whanaketanga o tō tamaiti. He wheako noa i te wā tamariki e mutu ana te nuinga o ngā tamariki i te 6 tau.

Ahakoa kāore e taea e koe te aukati i ngā whakapairuaki wera katoa, ko te whakahaere tere i te pāwera me te mohio ki te whakautu i te wā o te whakapairuaki ka taea te āwhina i te pupuri i tō tamaiti kia ora. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki e pāwera ana ka tupu ki te kore he pānga roa.

Kia mahara ko te whai i ngā whakapairuaki wera kāore e whakaatu ana kei a tō tamaiti te mate whakapairuaki, te raruraru ako rānei. Me te tiaki hauora tika me tō tautoko aroha, ka taea e tō tamaiti te haere tonu ki te tupu me te whanake noa.

Titiro ki ō tūmanako hei mātua. Mehemea he rerekē tetahi mea, he āwangawanga rānei mō ngā whakapairuaki, te ora rānei o tō tamaiti, kaua e whakaroa ki te whakapa atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō te aratohu me te whakamārama.

Ngā pātai e ui ana ngā tāngata mō ngā whakapairuaki wera

P1: Ka pakaru te roro o taku tamaiti i ngā whakapairuaki wera?

Kāore ngā whakapairuaki wera ngāwari e pakaru i te roro, kāore rānei e pā ki te mohio o tō tamaiti, te kaha ki te ako, te whanaketanga rānei. Ko ngā whakapairuaki wera uaua rawa atu ka iti te puta he raruraru roa. Ko te roro o tō tamaiti kua hoahoahia hei whakahaere i ēnei wā poto kaore he kino pumau.

P2: Mehemea ka whakapairuaki taku tamaiti, ka whakapairuaki anō rātou?

Ko te 30-40% o ngā tamariki e whakapairuaki ana ka whakapairuaki anō me te pāwera a muri ake nei. Heoi, ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki ka mutu te whakapairuaki i te 6 tau i te wā e pakeke ana ō rātou roro. Ko te whai i ngā whakapairuaki wera maha kāore e piki ake te tūponotanga o te pakaru roro.

P3: Me hoatu e au ki taku tamaiti te rongoā pāwera hei aukati i ngā whakapairuaki?

Ahakoa ka taea e ngā rongoā whakaiti pāwera te whakamarie i tō tamaiti, kāore e tūponotanga te aukati i ngā whakapairuaki wera. Ka puta te whakapairuaki ina piki haere te pāwera, i mua rānei i te mohio koe kei te mate tō tamaiti. Arotahi ki te whakaora i te pāwera mō te whakamarie kāore mō te aukati whakapairuaki.

P4: Ko te whai i ngā whakapairuaki wera te tikanga ka whanake taku tamaiti i te mate whakapairuaki?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki me ngā whakapairuaki wera kāore e whanake i te mate whakapairuaki. He nui ake te tūponotanga i te noa (mo te 2-5% vs 1% i te taupori whānui), engari he iti tonu.

P5: Ka taea e au te tuku i taku tamaiti ki te kura, ki te rūma tamariki rānei i muri i te whakapairuaki wera?

Ka taea e tō tamaiti te hoki ki ngā mahi noa, tae atu ki te kura, ki te rūma tamariki rānei, ina kore rātou e pāwera mō te 24 haora, ā, kei te pai te ahua. Kia mohio koe ki te whakamārama ki ngā kaiāwhina me ngā kaiako mō te whakapairuaki kia mohio rātou ki te hītori hauora o tō tamaiti, ā, ka taea te whakautu tika mehemea e hiahiatia ana.