He aha te Glaucoma? Ngā Tohutohu, Ngā Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te glaucoma he rōpū mate kanohi e whakarawe ana i te uaua tirohanga, arā, te uaua e kawe ana i ngā korero tirohanga mai i tō kanohi ki tō roro. E tupu ana tēnei whakarawe i te nuinga o te wā i te piki haere o te pehanga wai i roto i tō kanohi i te roa o te wā, ahakoa ka taea hoki te puta mai me te pehanga noa.

Whakaarohia tō uaua tirohanga hei kohinga taura iti e hono ana i tō kanohi ki tō roro. Ina whakarawe te glaucoma i ēnei taura, ka ngaro haere koe i ngā wahi o te tirohanga, e tīmata ana i ngā taha o waho, ka haere ki roto. Ko te mea whakawehi mō te glaucoma ko tēnei ngaronga tirohanga e tupu ana i te ngāwari kia kore ai e kitea e te tini tangata tae noa ki te whakarawe nui kua puta.

He aha ngā tohutohu o te glaucoma?

Ko te nuinga o te hunga he glaucoma kei a rātou kāhore he tohutohu i ngā wā tuatahi, koia tēnei i kiia ai he "tahae ngāwari o te kitenga". Ka pai pea tō tirohanga tae noa ki te whakarawe nui kua puta.

Heoi, he tohu whakatūpato pea ka kitea e koe i te whakarawe haere. Ka rerekē ēnei tohutohu i runga i te momo glaucoma kei a koe:

• Te ngaronga haere o te tirohanga taha (peripheral), i te nuinga i ngā kanohi e rua
• Te tirohanga rua i ngā wā whakamutunga
• Ngā waahi matapo i roto i tō mara tirohanga
• Te uaua ki te kite i ngā āhuatanga mārama iti
• Ngā raruraru ki te mārama mai i ngā rāmarama mārama

I ngā take onge o te glaucoma kōpiko ohorere, ka puta ngā tohutohu ohorere me te hiahia kia whakawātea tonu te rongoā. Ko ēnei tohutohu āwangawanga ko te mamae kanohi nui, te mamae o te upoko, te ruaki, te ruaki, te tirohanga māreikura, me te kite i ngā porowhita i ngā rāmarama.

Kia mahara, ko te kore o ngā tohutohu kāhore e whakaatu kei te ora koe i te glaucoma. Ko ngā tirotiro kanohi auau tō parenga pai rawa atu, na te mea ka taea e rātou te kite i te mate i mua i tō kite i ngā huringa tirohanga.

He aha ngā momo glaucoma?

He maha ngā momo glaucoma, e pā ana ki ō kanohi i ngā huarahi rerekē. Ko te mārama ki ēnei momo e āwhina ana ki te whakamārama he aha ngā tohutohu me ngā maimoatanga ka rerekē mai i te tangata ki te tangata.

Ko te glaucoma tuwhera matua te momo tino noa, e pā ana ki te 90% o te hunga he mate kei a rātou. I roto i tēnei ahua, ka poka haere ngā awa whakaheke i roto i tō kanohi i te roa o te wā, pēnei i te pūha me te poka whakaheke kua poka. Ka piki haere te wai i te ngāwari, ka piki haere te pehanga, ka whakarawe i te uaua tirohanga.

Ka puta te glaucoma kōpiko ina poka katoa te kōpiko whakaheke, i te nuinga o te wā ohorere. Ka puta tēnei i te piki tere o te pehanga kanohi me te hiahia kia whakawātea te maimoatanga. He tokomaha ngā tangata he kōpiko whakaheke ngāwari e whakatūpato ana i a rātou ki tēnei momo.

Ko te glaucoma pehanga noa he ahua whakahi raruraru kei reira te whakarawe uaua tirohanga e puta ana ahakoa te pehanga kanohi noa. E whakapono ana ngā kairangahau koinei te tupu na te ngoikore o te rere toto ki te uaua tirohanga, te piki o te ngawari ki te pehanga rānei.

Ka puta te glaucoma tuarua hei hua o tētahi atu mate kanohi, whara, te whakamahinga rongoā rānei. Ko ngā take ko te mumura kanohi, ētahi rongoā pēnei i ngā steroids, ngā raruraru mai i te mate huka rānei.

He aha ngā take o te glaucoma?

Ka puta te glaucoma ina mutu te rere noa o te wai i roto i tō kanohi. Ka whakaputa tonu ō kanohi i te wai mārama e kiia nei he wai mārama, e whakaheke ana i ngā awa iti.

Ina kore e mahi tika tēnei pūnaha whakaheke, ka piki te wai ka piki te pehanga i roto i tō kanohi. I te roa o te wā, ka taea e tēnei pehanga te whakarawe i ngā muka ngawari o tō uaua tirohanga. Whakaarohia pēnei i te pehanga wai i roto i te poi wai māra - he nui rawa te pehanga ka taea te whakarawe i te poi wai anō.

Heoi, ehara i te mea ko te glaucoma he mea nui te pehanga. I ētahi tangata, he ngawari noa atu te uaua tirohanga ki te whakarawe, ahakoa ngā taumata pehanga noa. Pea koinei te tupu na te ngoikore o te rere toto ki te uaua, ngā take ira e whakapakari ana i te uaua, ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora rānei.

He maha ngā take ka taea te awhina ki ngā raruraru whakaheke i roto i tō kanohi. Ka taea e ngā huringa e pā ana ki te pakeke te whakaiti i te mahi o ngā awa whakaheke i te roa o te wā. Ka taea e ētahi rongoā, inā te steroids, te whakakore i te whakaheke wai. Ka taea hoki e ngā whara kanohi, te mumura rānei te poka, te whakarawe rānei i te pūnaha whakaheke.

I ngā take onge, ka whānau mai ngā tangata me ngā raru whanaketanga i roto i te pūnaha whakaheke o tō kanohi, ka ārahi ki te glaucoma tamariki. He tokomaha ngā tangata he kōpiko whakaheke ngāwari e whakatūpato ana i a rātou ki ngā poka ohorere.

Nōhea te kite i te taote mō te glaucoma?

Me kite koe i te taote kanohi auau mō te whakamātautau glaucoma, ahakoa kei te pai tō tirohanga. E tūtohutia ana e te American Academy of Ophthalmology ngā whakamātautau kanohi whānui i ia tau kotahi ki te rua i muri i te 40 tau, me ia tau i muri i te 65 tau.

Heoi, he āhuatanga e hiahia ana kia whakawātea tonu te rongoā. Mēnā ka pā atu koe ki te mamae kanohi ohorere, nui me te mamae o te upoko, te ruaki, te ruaki rānei, rapuhia te tiaki āwangawanga tonu. Pea ko ēnei ngā tohu o te glaucoma kōpiko ohorere, ka taea te whakarawe i te tirohanga pumau i roto i ngā haora mena kāhore e tukatuka.

Me whakapiri atu hoki koe ki tō taote kanohi mēnā ka kite koe i ngā huringa haere i roto i tō tirohanga, pēnei i te piki o te uaua ki te kite ki ngā taha, ngā raruraru ki te tirohanga pō, ngā waahi matapo hou rānei. Ahakoa ka taea e ēnei huringa te whakarawe haere, ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga ka taea te āwhina ki te tiaki i tō tirohanga e toe ana.

Kaua e tatari kia puta ngā tohutohu i mua i te whakarite i ngā tirotiro kanohi auau. Ko te tini tangata e kite ana kei a rātou te glaucoma i ngā whakamātautau noa, i mua atu i te kite i ngā raruraru tirohanga i a rātou anō.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te glaucoma?

He maha ngā take ka taea te whakapiki i tō tūponotanga ki te whanake glaucoma. Ko te mārama ki ēnei take morearea e āwhina ana i a koe me tō taote ki te whakatau i te auau o tō hiahia ki te whakamātautau me te aroturuki.

Ko te pakeke tētahi o ngā take morearea kaha, me te glaucoma e tino noa ana i muri i te 40. Ka piki haere tō tūponotanga me ia tekau tau o te ora. He mahi nui hoki te hītori whānau - ko te whai mātua, te teina rānei he glaucoma e whakapiki ana i tō tūponotanga e whā ki te iwa wā.

Ko ēnei ngā take morearea matua hei matawai:

• Pakeke neke atu i te 40, me te tūponotanga e piki haere ana i muri i te 60
• Hītori whānau o te glaucoma
• Iwi Āwherika, Hīpānika, Āhia rānei
• Te pehanga kanohi teitei (ahakoa ehara i te mea kei reira tonu)
• Ngā cornea angiangi
• Te mate huka
• Te pehanga toto teitei
• Te mate ngakau
• Te tirohanga tata, te tirohanga tawhiti rānei
• Te whara kanohi, te pokanga rānei i mua
• Te whakamahinga roa o ngā rongoā corticosteroid

Ko ētahi take morearea onge atu ko te apnea moe, ngā mamae o te upoko migraine, te pehanga toto iti hoki. Ko te whai i tētahi take morearea, neke atu rānei, kāhore e whakaatu ka whanake koe i te glaucoma, engari e whakaatu ana me tino tupato koe ki ngā tirotiro kanohi auau.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te glaucoma?

Ko te raruraru tino nui o te glaucoma ko te ngaronga tirohanga pumau, kaore e taea te whakahoki mai ina puta. Koia tēnei i tino nui ai te kite wawe me te maimoatanga mō te tiaki i tō kitenga.

Ko te ngaronga tirohanga mai i te glaucoma e whai ana i te tauira e taea te whakatau. E tīmata ana i te nuinga o te wā me ngā waahi matapo iti i roto i tō tirohanga taha kaore pea e kitea e koe i te tīmatanga. I te roa o te wā, ka taea e ēnei waahi matapo te whanake ka hono, ka hanga i ngā waahi nui o te ngaronga tirohanga.

I te whakarawe haere o te mate, ka taea e koe te whanake i te tirohanga rua, kei reira koe e kite ana i mua anake, ka ngaro katoa tō tirohanga taha. Ka taea e tēnei te whakapakari i ngā mahi o ia rā pēnei i te taraiwa, te haere, te pānui rānei, ka āta whakatūpato pea.

I ngā take whakamutunga, ka taea e te glaucoma te ārahi ki te matapo katoa i roto i te kanohi e pā ana. Ka taea hoki te nui o te pānga hinengaro me te hinengaro o te ngaronga tirohanga, ka ārahi pea ki te pouri, te manukanuka, te hekenga o te kounga o te ora.

Ka taea e ētahi tangata te wheako i ngā raruraru mai i te maimoatanga anō, ahakoa he iti ake te nui o ēnei i te glaucoma kore i te tukatuka. Ka taea e ngā matū kanohi te whakaeke i ngā pānga taha pēnei i te whero, te wero, ngā huringa tae kanohi rānei. Ko ngā mahi pokanga, ahakoa he haumaru te nuinga, he iti ngā tūponotanga o te mate, ētahi atu raruraru rānei.

Me pēhea te aukati i te glaucoma?

Ahakoa kaore e taea e koe te aukati katoa i te glaucoma, inā he take morearea ira kei a koe, he maha ngā kaupapa ka taea e koe te tango hei whakaiti i tō tūponotanga me te hopu i te mate i te wā e tino whai hua ana te maimoatanga.

Ko ngā tirotiro kanohi whānui auau tō taputapu kaha rawa atu mō te aukati. Ka taea e ēnei tirotiro te kite i te glaucoma i ngā tau i mua i tō kite i ngā tohutohu, e hoatu ana ki a koe te tupono pai rawa atu ki te tiaki i tō tirohanga mā te maimoatanga wawe.

Ko te pupuri i te hauora whānui pai e tautoko ana i tō hauora kanohi hoki. Ka taea e te whakakori tinana auau te awhina i te whakaiti i te pehanga kanohi me te whakapai ake i te rere toto ki tō uaua tirohanga. Ka taea hoki e te kai hauora e whai ana i ngā rau kakariki me ngā ngako momona-3 te tautoko i te hauora kanohi.

He mea nui te tiaki i ō kanohi mai i te whara, inā kei te takaro koe i ngā hākinakina, kei te mahi rānei koe i ngā āhuatanga he paru rere kei reira. Ka taea e te kakahu i te tiaki kanohi tika te aukati i te mamae ka ārahi pea ki te glaucoma tuarua.

Mēnā kei te tango koe i ngā rongoā corticosteroid, mahi tahi me tō taote ki te aroturuki i tō pehanga kanohi auau. Ka taea e te whakamahinga steroid roa te whakapiki i te tūponotanga glaucoma, engari ka taea tēnei te whakahaere me te aroturuki tika.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te glaucoma?

Ko te whakatau i te glaucoma e whakauru ana i ngā whakamātautau kore mamae e taea ana e tō taote kanohi te mahi i roto i te whakamātautau kanohi whānui. Kāhore he whakamātautau kotahi e taea te whakatau i te glaucoma, na reira ka whakamahi tō taote i te huinga whakamātautau hei whiwhi i te whakaahua whānui o tō hauora kanohi.

Ko te kaupapa tuatahi ko te ine i tō pehanga kanohi mā te tikanga e kiia nei he tonometry. Pea ka whakamahi tō taote i te pupuhi hau ngawari ki tō kanohi, he taputapu iti rānei e pa ana ki tō kanohi i muri i te whakamahinga o ngā matū ngāwari.

Ka tirotirohia hoki e tō taote tō uaua tirohanga mā te titiro ki roto ki ō kanohi me ngā taputapu motuhake. Kei te rapu rātou i ngā tohu o te whakarawe pēnei i te cupping, te angiangi rānei o te uaua. Pea ka tangohia ngā whakaahua o tō uaua tirohanga hei aroturuki i ngā huringa i te roa o te wā.

Ko te whakamātautau mara tirohanga e whakaahua ana i tō tirohanga taha ki te kite i ngā waahi matapo. I roto i tēnei whakamātautau, ka titiro tika koe i mua ka rama ngā rāmarama i ngā wāhi rerekē o tō tirohanga, ka pēhi koe i te pātene ina kite koe i a rātou.

Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau atu te ine i tō māngai cornea, te tirotiro i te kōpiko whakaheke o tō kanohi, te tango i ngā whakaahua taipitopito o tō uaua tirohanga me tō retina. E āwhina ana ēnei whakamātautau i tō taote ki te whakatau ehara i te mea kei a koe te glaucoma, engari he aha te momo me te whānuitanga.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te glaucoma?

Ko te maimoatanga glaucoma e aro ana ki te whakaiti i te pehanga kanohi hei aukati i te whakarawe atu ki tō uaua tirohanga. Ahakoa kaore e taea e tātou te whakahoki mai i te tirohanga kua ngaro kē, ka taea e te maimoatanga tika te whakaiti, te mutu rānei i te ngaronga tirohanga atu i te nuinga o te hunga.

Ko ngā matū kanohi te raina tuatahi o te maimoatanga, me te mahi mā te whakaiti i te whakaputanga wai i roto i tō kanohi, te whakapai ake rānei i te whakaheke. Pea ka hiahia koe ki te whakamahi i tetahi momo matū, neke atu rānei i ia rā. He mea nui te whakamahi tika i a rātou, ahakoa kāhore koe e kite i ngā tohutohu.

Mēnā kāhore ngā matū kanohi e whakahaere tika i tō pehanga kanohi, pea ka tūtohu tō taote i te rongoā laser. Ka taea e ēnei mahi te whakapai ake i te whakaheke, te whakaiti rānei i te whakaputanga wai i roto i tō kanohi. Ko te nuinga o ngā maimoatanga laser e mahia ana i te tari, he tere, he ngāwari hoki.

Ka puta te pokanga hei whiringa ina kore ngā rongoā me te rongoā laser e ranea. Ka hanga e te pokanga tawhito tētahi awa whakaheke hou mō te wai hei waiho i tō kanohi. Ka taea hoki e ngā mahi pokanga hou iti te whakapai ake i te whakaheke me te iti o te wā whakaora.

Ka whakaritea tō mahere maimoatanga ki tō momo glaucoma motuhake, te whānuitanga, te pai o tō whakautu ki ngā maimoatanga rerekē. He mea nui ngā hui aroturuki auau hei aroturuki i tō whakahaere me te whakarite i te maimoatanga kia rite ki te hiahia.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te glaucoma i te kāinga?

Ko te whakahaere i te glaucoma i te kāinga e whakauru ana i te tango tonu i ō rongoā kua whakaritea me te mahi i ngā whiringa oranga e tautoko ana i tō hauora kanohi. He mahi nui tō mahi o ia rā ki te tiaki i tō tirohanga.

Ko te tango i ō matū kanohi tika i te mea kua whakaritea ko te mea nui rawa atu ka taea e koe te mahi. Whakaritea he mahi hei awhina i a koe ki te mahara, pēnei i te tango i ngā matū i te wā kotahi i ia rā, te whakamahi rānei i te taupānga whakamahara rongoā. Mēnā kei te raruraru koe ki ngā matū, kaua e mutu te whakamahi i a rātou - kōrero atu ki tō taote mō ngā whiringa atu.

Ka taea e te whakakori tinana auau, ngawari te awhina i te whakaiti i te pehanga kanohi. Ka taea te whai hua ngā mahi pēnei i te hikoi, te kauhoe, te hikoi paihikara rānei mō te 30 meneti i te nuinga o ngā rā o te wiki. Heoi, karohia ngā mahi e whakauru ana i ngā tūnga upoko roa, na te mea ka taea e ēnei te whakapiki wawe i te pehanga kanohi.

Ko te kai i te kai hauora e whai ana i ngā rau kakariki, ika, me ngā hua me ngā huawhenua tae rerekē ka tautoko pea i te hauora kanohi whānui. He mea nui te noho makuku, engari karohia te inu i ngā nui o te wai tere, na te mea ka taea e tēnei te whakapiki wawe i te pehanga kanohi.

Tīakina ō kanohi mai i te whara mā te kakahu i ngā karāhe tiaki tika i ngā mahi e whakatūpato ana i te tūponotanga. Waihoki, kia tupato ki ngā mahi ka whakauru pea i ngā huringa pehanga ohorere, pēnei i te kauhoe scuba, ētahi tūnga yoga rānei.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taote?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui glaucoma e āwhina ana ki te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i te hua nui rawa atu i tō haerenga, kei a tō taote ngā korero katoa e hiahiatia ana hei whakarato i te tiaki pai rawa atu.

I mua i tō hui, kohikohia ngā korero mō te hītori hauora kanohi o tō whānau, inā ngā whanaunga kua whai glaucoma, ētahi atu mate kanohi rānei. Hangaia tētahi rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa kei te tangohia e koe inaianei, tae atu ki ngā rongoā kore-whakahaunga me ngā taapiri, na te mea ka taea e ētahi te pā ki te pehanga kanohi.

Tuhia ētahi tohutohu, huringa tirohanga rānei kua kitea e koe, ahakoa he iti rawa. Whakauruhia te wā i tīmata ai rātou, te auau o te puta, me te mea e pai ake ai, te kino ake rānei. Tāpirihia ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui ki tō taote.

Mēnā kei te kakahu koe i ngā karāhe hono, pea ka hiahia koe ki te tango i a rātou i mua i ētahi whakamātautau, na reira kawea mai ō karāhe hei tautoko. Whakaritea mō ō ngākau e whānui ana i te whakamātautau, ka taea te whakamaarama i tō tirohanga mō ngā haora maha i muri mai. Whakaarohia te whakarite i te kawe whare mēnā e hiahiatia ana.

Kawea mai tētahi rārangi o ō matū kanohi o nāianei me ētahi hua whakamātautau o mua mai i ētahi atu taote kanohi. E āwhina ana tēnei korero i tō taote ki te aroturuki i ngā huringa i roto i tō āhuatanga i te roa o te wā me te karo i te whakahoki i ngā whakamātautau kāhore he take.

He aha te mea nui mō te glaucoma?

Ko te mea nui rawa atu hei mārama mō te glaucoma ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga tonu ka taea te tiaki i tō tirohanga mō te ora. Ahakoa kaore e taea te whakaora i te mate anō, ka taea te whakahaere tika ina kite wawe.

Kaua e tatari kia puta ngā tohutohu i mua i te kite i te taote kanohi. Ko ngā tirotiro kanohi whānui auau tō parenga pai rawa atu ki te ngaronga tirohanga mai i te glaucoma. Mēnā kua whakatauhia koe he glaucoma kei a koe, ko te whai i tō mahere maimoatanga tonu e hoatu ana ki a koe te tupono pai rawa atu ki te pupuri i tō kitenga.

Kia mahara ko te whai glaucoma kāhore e whakaatu ka matapo koe. Me ngā maimoatanga o nāianei me tō whakaute ki te tiaki, ko te nuinga o te hunga he glaucoma e pupuri ana i te tirohanga whai hua i roto i o rātou oranga. Noho pai, noho tonu ki te maimoatanga, pupuri i te kōrero whakatuwhera me tō rōpū tiaki kanohi.

Ngā pātai uiui noa mō te glaucoma

Ka taea te whakaora katoa i te glaucoma?

I tēnei wā, kāhore he rongoā mō te glaucoma, engari ka taea te whakahaere tika me te maimoatanga tika. Ko te whāinga ko te aukati i te ngaronga tirohanga atu mā te whakaiti i te pehanga kanohi. Ahakoa kaore e taea e tātou te whakahoki mai i te tirohanga kua ngaro kē, ka taea e tātou te mutu, te whakaiti nui rānei i te whakarawe atu. Ko te tini tangata he glaucoma e pupuri ana i te tirohanga pai i roto i o rātou oranga me te maimoatanga tonu.

He mea whakatūpato te glaucoma, a ka whiwhi rānei aku tamariki?

He waahanga ira te glaucoma, a ko te whai mema whānau he glaucoma e whakapiki ana i te tūponotanga o ō tamariki e whā ki te iwa wā. Heoi, kāhore tēnei e whakaatu ka whanake rātou i te āhuatanga. Ko te huarahi pai ko te whakarite kei a ō mema whānau ngā tirotiro kanohi auau, inā i muri i te 40 tau, kia taea ai te kite me te tukatuka wawe i te glaucoma mēnā ka puta.

Ka taea e au te taraiwa mēnā he glaucoma kei a au?

Ko te tini tangata he glaucoma e taea ana te haere tonu i te taraiwa haumaru, inā i ngā wā tuatahi o te mate. Heoi, i te hekenga o te tirohanga taha, ka taea te whakapakari ake i te taraiwa, te kore haumaru rānei. Ka taea e tō taote kanohi te aromatawai i tō mara tirohanga me te tohutohu ki a koe mō te haumaru taraiwa. Pea ka hiahia ētahi ki te whakaiti i te taraiwa ki ngā hāora o te rā, ngā huarahi mohio rānei i te whakarawe haere o te āhuatanga.

He pānga taha ngā matū kanohi glaucoma?

Pēnei i ngā rongoā katoa, ka taea e ngā matū kanohi glaucoma te whakaeke i ngā pānga taha, ahakoa kāhore te katoa e wheako ana i a rātou. Ko ngā pānga taha noa ko te wero wawe, te whero, te tirohanga māreikura rānei i muri tonu i te whakamahinga o ngā matū. Ka taea e ētahi matū te whakaeke i ngā huringa tae kanohi, te tipu o ngā makawe makawe rānei, te pā rānei ki tō tere ngakau, tō manawa rānei. Mēnā ka wheako koe i ngā pānga taha whakawehi, kōrero atu ki tō taote mō ngā rongoā atu i te mutu i te maimoatanga.

Me pehea te auau o te tirotiro i oku kanohi mēnā he glaucoma kei a au?

Ina kua whakatauhia he glaucoma kei a koe, ka hiahia koe i ngā tirotiro kanohi i ia toru ki te ono marama, i runga i te pai o te whakahaere o tō āhuatanga. I te wa o te maimoatanga tīmatanga, pea ka hiahia koe ki ngā haerenga auau ake hei whakarite kei te whakautu pai tō pehanga kanohi ki te maimoatanga. I te whakau o tō āhuatanga, pea ka wehea ngā haerenga atu, engari he mea nui tonu te aroturuki auau mō te ora.