He aha te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) he mate kino e pā ana ki tō toto me ō whatukuhu. Ka puta mai i te wa e pakaru ana ngā uaua toto iti i roto i ō whatukuhu, ka pā te mumura, ka arahi ki ngā raruraru ki te toto toto me te mahi a te whatukuhu.

Whakaarohia te HUS hei whakautu a tō tinana ki ētahi mate, ki ētahi whakaohooho rānei e ngāwari ai te pakaru o ngā pūtau toto whero. I te wa e puta mai ana tenei, ka taea e ngā wahi o ngā pūtau pakaru te aukati i ngā uaua toto iti i roto i ō whatukuhu, ka uaua ai te horoi i te paru i tō toto.

He aha ngā tohu o te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

Ka timata ngā tohu o te HUS i te wa poto, ā, ka tino kaha te āhua. Ka whanaketia te mate i muri i te mea e rite ana ki te mate kai kino, ki te mate huka rānei.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu matua ka kitea e koe:

• Te ruaki nui e taea ana te toto, te wai rānei
• Te mamae o te kopu me te mamae o te puku
• Te ruaki me te māuiui
• Te kirika e haere ana, e haere ana
• Te ngenge me te ngoikore
• Te kiri ma, ina koa i te taha o ngā ngutu me raro i ngā marau
• Te iti o te mimi, te kore rānei o te mimi
• Te pupuhi o te mata, o ngā ringa, o ngā waewae, o ngā waewae rānei
• Te ngāwari ki te whero, ki ngā whero whakamārama kore rānei
• Te whakapohehe, te riri rānei

Ka kitea hoki e ētahi atu tangata ngā tohu iti ake penei i ngā hopu, te uaua ki te manawa, te kowhai rānei o te kiri me ngā kanohi. Ka puta mai ēnei tohu nā te kore e mahi tika ō whatukuhu, ka kohia ngā hua paru ki roto i tō toto.

Ka puta ngā tohu i roto i ngā wāhanga, ka tīmata me ngā raruraru o te pūnaha kai, ka haere tonu ki ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te whatukuhu me te toto i roto i ngā rā maha.

He aha ngā momo Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

E toru ngā momo matua o te HUS, ā, ko te mārama ki te momo kei a koe ka āwhina i ngā tākuta ki te whiriwhiri i te huarahi maimoatanga pai.

Ko te momo tino noa ko te HUS noa, e kiia ana hoki ko te STEC-HUS. Ka whanaketia tēnei momo i muri i te mate me ētahi pūtau penei i te E. coli, e whakaputa ana i ngā poizon e pakaru ana ō uaua toto.

Ko te Atypical HUS he iti te noa, engari ka tino kino. Kāore tēnei momo i te mate pūtau, engari i ngā raruraru ki te kaha o tō pūnaha mate ki te whakahaere i te mumura. Ka taea te puta i tetahi tau, ā, ka rere i roto i ngā whānau.

Ka whanaketia te Secondary HUS hei raruraru o ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora, ki ngā maimoatanga rānei. Ka taea pea tenei te whakamahi i ētahi rongoā, ngā mate ā-mate, ngā raruraru rānei mai i ngā mahi hauora penei i ngā whakawhiti wheua wheua.

He aha ngā take o te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

Ka whanaketia te HUS ina whakaohoohohia tetahi mea ki te pakaru i ngā uaua toto iti i roto i ō whatukuhu. Ko te whakaohooho tino noa ko te mate me ngā pūtau e whakaputa ana i ngā poizon motuhake.

Ko ēnei ngā take matua i muri i ia momo:

• Pūtau E. coli (ina koa te momo O157:H7) mai i te kai poke, i te wai rānei
• Pūtau Shigella mai i te horoi kino, i te kai poke rānei
• Ngā rerekētanga ira e pā ana ki te whakahaere i te toto toto
• Ētahi rongoā penei i ētahi rongoā mate pukupuku, i ngā rongoā mate pukupuku rānei
• Ngā āhuatanga ā-mate kei reira tō pūnaha mate e whakaeke ana i ngā kiko hauora
• Ngā raruraru mai i ngā mahi hauora, i ngā whakawhiti rānei
• Ētahi mate huaketo, ahakoa he iti te noa
• Ngā raruraru hapu i roto i ngā take onge

Ki te HUS noa, ka mate koe i te kai i te mīti whenua poke, i ngā huawhenua kore horoi, i te inu wai miraka kore whakamahana rānei. Ka whakaputa ngā pūtau i ngā poizon e haere ana i roto i tō toto, ka pakaru te papanga o ngā uaua toto iti.

He maha ngā wa ka puta te Atypical HUS i tetahi waahanga ira, arā, ka whiwhi koe i ngā ira e mahi rerekē ana tō pūnaha toto toto i te noa.

Nōhea te haere ki te taakuta mō te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

Me rapu wawe koe i te tiaki hauora mena ka whanake koe, ka whanake rānei tō tamaiti i te ruaki nui me te toto, ina koa i muri i te kai i te kai pea i poke. Ka taea e te mohiotanga wawe me te maimoatanga te aukati i ngā raruraru kino.

Waea atu ki tō taakuta inaianei mena ka kite koe i te iti o te mimi, te pupuhi o te mata, o ngā waewae rānei, te ngenge rānei i muri i te mate puku. Ka whakaatu ēnei tohu kei te kore pea e mahi tika ō whatukuhu.

Haere atu ki te ruuma mate ngāwari mena ka pāngia koe e te whakapohehe, ngā hopu, te uaua ki te manawa, te riri rānei, te ngenge rānei o te tamaiti. Ka whakaatu ēnei tohu kei te pā pea te HUS ki ētahi atu whekau atu i ngā whatukuhu.

Kaua e tatari kia pai ake ngā tohu. Ka taea e te HUS te tere haere, ā, ka pai ake ngā hua ma te tiaki hauora tere.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

Ka taea e ētahi take te whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te HUS. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei take morearea te āwhina i a koe ki te tango i ngā kaupae aukati me te mohio wawe ki ngā tohu.

He mea nui te tau ki te morearea o te HUS:

• Ko ngā tamariki kei raro iho i te 5 tau te pakeke te tino morearea
• Ko ngā kaumātua neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke he tino ngoikore hoki
• Ko ngā tāngata he pūnaha mate ngoikore he nui ake te morearea
• Ko ngā tāngata he mate whatukuhu roa he tino ngawari
• Ngā tāngata e inu ana i ētahi rongoā e pā ana ki te mahi a te pūnaha mate
• Ngā tāngata he hītori whānau o te Atypical HUS
• Ngā tāngata he rerekētanga ira motuhake e pā ana ki te toto toto
• Ngā tāngata kua whakawhiti whekau

He mea nui hoki ngā take taiao me te oranga. Ko te noho i ngā wāhi he horoi kino, te kai i te mīti whenua kore tunu, te inu wai miraka kore whakamahana rānei ka whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga ki ngā pūtau kino.

I te kōrero atu, ka taea e te tangata te whanake i te HUS mena ka whakaohoohohia e ngā whakaohooho tika, ahakoa te tau, te hauora rānei.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

Ka taea e te HUS te pā ki ngā whekau maha i roto i tō tinana, ka arahi ki ngā raruraru poto me ngā raruraru roa. Ko te kino ka whakawhirinaki ki te tere o te whiwhi maimoatanga me te whakautu o tō tinana.

Ko ngā raruraru nui tonu e whai ake nei:

• Te kore mahi o te whatukuhu e hiahia ana ki te dialysis
• Te mate toto nui mai i ngā pūtau toto whero i pakaru
• Ngā hekenga kino o te maha o ngā pūtau platelet e arahi ana ki te toto
• Te toto teitei e uaua ana ki te whakahaere
• Ngā hopu, te mate roro rānei mai i te pānga o te roro
• Ngā raruraru ngakau tae atu ki ngā rereketanga
• Te kohikohi wai i roto i ngā ngāwari e uaua ai te manawa
• Ngā koretake o te waikawa nui e pā ana ki te mahi o te ngakau me te roro

Ka taea te whanake i ngā raruraru roa ahakoa ka mutu te wāhanga nui. Ka kitea e ētahi tangata te mate whatukuhu roa e haere ana i te wa roa. Ka taea e ētahi atu te whanake i te toto teitei e hiahia ana ki te rongoā haere tonu.

Ka taea te puta mai ngā raruraru neurological penei i ngā uaua ako, i ngā raruraru mahara rānei, ina koa i ngā tamariki. Heoi, ma te maimoatanga tika, ka ora katoa te nuinga o te iwi kaore he pānga roa.

Me pēhea te aukati i te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

Ka taea e koe te whakaiti i tō morearea ki te whanake i te HUS noa ma te mahi i ngā tikanga hauora kai me te horoi pai. Ka taea te aukati i te nuinga o ngā take ma ngā whakamaramatanga tika.

Ko te hauora kai tō raina tuatahi o te tiaki. Tunua te mīti whenua ki te 160°F (71°C) i te iti rawa, ā, kaua e kai i te mīti mata, i te mīti kore tunu rānei. Horoi pai ngā hua me ngā huawhenua katoa, ahakoa kei te whakamahere koe ki te weriweri.

Ko ēnei ngā rautaki aukati matua:

• Kaua e kai i ngā hua miraka kore whakamahana me ngā wai
• Horoi pinepine ō ringa, ina koa i muri i te whakamahinga o te ruuma
• Kaua e horomia te wai i te wa e kauhoe ana koe i ngā pūnga wai, roto, awa rānei
• Horoi ngā papa umanga me ngā taputapu i muri i te whakarite mīti mata
• Whakamahana tere ngā kai ngawari
• Kaua e whakamahi i te kai mata me te kai tunu
• Kia tupato ake i ngā whare kararehe me ngā pā kei reira ngā kararehe
• Inu noa te wai i whakamahana, i te wai i pounamu rānei i te wa e haere ana

Mō te Atypical HUS, he uaua ake te aukati nā te mea he maha ngā waahanga ira. Heoi, ko te karo i ngā whakaohooho e mohiotia ana penei i ētahi rongoā me te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga hauora kei raro ka taea te whakaiti i te morearea.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

Ko te whakatau i te HUS e whakamahi ana i ngā whakamātautau toto maha, ā, etahi atu rangahau hei whakau i te mate me te whakatau i tōna kino. Ka tīmata tō taakuta ma te uiui mo ō tohu tata nei me ētahi whakamahinga pea ki te kai poke, ki te wai rānei.

Ko ngā whakamātautau whakatau matua ko te tatau toto katoa hei tirotiro i te mate toto me te iti o te maha o ngā pūtau platelet. Ka tono hoki tō taakuta i ngā whakamātautau hei ine i te pai o te mahi a ō whatukuhu me te rapu i ngā tohu o te pakaru o ngā pūtau toto whero.

Ko ēnei ngā whakamātautau motuhake ka tono pea tō taakuta:

• Ngā whakamātautau toto hei tirotiro i te maha o ngā pūtau toto whero me te āhua
• Te maha o ngā pūtau platelet hei aromatawai i te kaha o te toto toto
• Ngā whakamātautau mahi whatukuhu tae atu ki te creatinine me te nitrogen urea toto
• Ngā whakamātautau mimi hei rapu toto me te pūmua
• Ngā whakawhanaketanga paru hei tautuhi i ngā mate pūtau
• Ngā whakamātautau mō ngā poizon pūtau motuhake
• Te whakamātautau ira mō te Atypical HUS mena ka tohuhia
• Ngā rangahau whakakī hei tirotiro i te mahi a te pūnaha mate

Ka tono pea tō taakuta i ngā rangahau whakaahua penei i te ultrasound o ō whatukuhu hei tirotiro i ngā raruraru hanganga. I ētahi wā, ka āwhina ngā whakamātautau atu ki te whakatau mena kei a koe te HUS noa, te Atypical HUS rānei, e pā ana ki ngā whakatau maimoatanga.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te HUS e aro ana ki te tautoko i tō tinana i te wa e ora ana, me te whakahaere i ngā raruraru. Kāore he rongoā motuhake, engari ka taea e te tiaki hauora tika te āwhina i a koe ki te ora tere ake me te aukati i ngā raruraru kino.

Ko ngā maimoatanga matua ko te tirotiro tika i te mahi a ō whatukuhu me ngā tatau toto. Ka hiahia pea koe ki te dialysis mena ka mutu te mahi tika a ō whatukuhu, engari he mea poto tēnei i te wa e ora ana ō whatukuhu.

Ko ēnei ngā huarahi maimoatanga noa:

• Ngā wai IV hei pupuri i te wai me te toenga waikawa
• Ngā whakawhiti toto mena ka tino kino te mate toto
• Ngā whakawhiti platelet mena ka waiho te toto hei āwangawanga
• Ngā rongoā hei whakahaere i te toto teitei
• Dialysis hei tango i ngā hua paru mena ka kore e mahi ngā whatukuhu
• Te maimoatanga whakawhiti plasma mō te Atypical HUS
• Te tautoko kai me ngā whakarerekētanga kai
• Ngā rongoā hei aukati i ngā hopu mena ka hiahiatia

Mō te Atypical HUS, ka tono pea tō taakuta i te rongoā e kiia nei ko te eculizumab, e āwhina ana ki te whakahaere i te whakautu a te pūnaha mate e pakaru ana i ngā uaua toto. Kua pai ake te hua o tēnei maimoatanga mō ngā tāngata he momo HUS tēnei.

Ka ora katoa te nuinga o te iwi he HUS noa i roto i ngā wiki torutoru me te tiaki tautoko, ahakoa ka hiahia pea etahi ki te tirotiro haere tonu mō te mahi a te whatukuhu.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te tiaki kāinga i te wa e ora ana i te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

Ko te tiaki kāinga i te wa e ora ana i te HUS e aro ana ki te tautoko i te tukanga ora o tō tinana me te aukati i ngā raruraru. Ka hoatu e tō taakuta ngā tohutohu motuhake e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō āhuatanga me ō hiahia maimoatanga.

He mea nui te okioki i te wa e ora ana. Kei te mahi kaha tō tinana ki te whakaora i ngā uaua toto i pakaru me te whakahoki i te mahi whatukuhu noa, na, kaua e mahi i ngā mahi kaha tae noa ki te whakamārama a tō taakuta.

Whai i ēnei aratohu tiaki kāinga:

• Tangohia ngā rongoā katoa kia rite ki te tohu
• Tirohia tō inu wai me tō putanga kia rite ki te tohu
• Whai i ngā herenga kai, ina koa mo te pūmua me te tote
• Tirohia tō toto teitei mena kei a koe te kaitirotiro kāinga
• Tirohia ngā tohu o ngā raruraru penei i te pupuhi, te iti rānei o te mimi
• Haere ki ngā hui whakarite katoa
• Tūhono i te rā o ngā tohu ki te whakapā atu ki tō rōpū hauora
• Kia makona, kaua e nui rawa mena he raruraru whatukuhu koe

Ka hiahia koe ki ngā whakamātautau toto auau hei tirotiro i te ahunga whakamua o tō ora. Kaua e pouri mena ka ngāwari te pai ake – ka roa te ora o te whatukuhu, ā, ka hoki te nuinga o te iwi ki te mahi noa.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taakuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō haerenga ki te taakuta ka āwhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te tiaki tino whānui. Kawe mai he raupapa taipitopito o ō tohu me ētahi whakamahinga tata pea e tika ana.

Tuhia te wa i tīmata ai ō tohu me te āhua o te haere. Whakauruhia ngā kōrero mō te haere tata nei, ngā kai motuhake i kai koe, te hono atu rānei ki ngā kararehe, ki ngā puna wai poke rānei.

Kawe mai ēnei kōrero ki tō hui:

• Rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri o nāianei
• Te raupapa o ngā tohu me ngā rā me te kino
• Te hītori kai tata nei, ina koa i ngā wiki rua kua pahure
• Tetahi hītori whānau o te mate whatukuhu, o ngā mate toto rānei
• Ngā rēkōta hauora o mua mena kei te kite koe i tetahi taakuta hou
• Ngā kōrero inihua me te whakaū
• Rārangi o ngā pūrongo e hiahia ana koe ki te ui
• Ngā kōrero whakapā mō ngā mema whānau e taea te āwhina ki te tiaki

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tetahi mema whānau, i tetahi hoa rānei hei āwhina i te maumahara i ngā kōrero nui me te whakarato tautoko i te wa o te haerenga. Ka taea hoki e rātou te tautoko i ō hiahia mena kei te ngoikore koe.

He aha te mea nui mō te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?

Ko te HUS he mate kino engari he maha ngā wa e taea te whakaora e pā ana ki tō toto me ō whatukuhu. Ahakoa ka wehi pea te wheako, te matakitaki rānei i tetahi e arohaina ana e haere ana, ka ora katoa te nuinga o te iwi me te tiaki hauora tika.

Ko te mea nui rawa ki te maumahara ko te mohiotanga wawe me te maimoatanga ka whakarereke nui i ngā hua. Kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu i te tiaki hauora mena ka whanake koe i te ruaki nui me te toto, ina koa i muri i te kai i te kai pea i poke.

Ko te aukati tonu tō tiaki pai rawa atu ki te HUS noa. Mahi i te hauora kai pai, horoi pinepine ō ringa, kia tupato ki ngā puna kai, ina koa i te wa e haere ana, e kai ana rānei i waho.

Ma ngā ahuatanga o te maimoatanga, ina koa mō te Atypical HUS, ka pai haere tonu te tirohanga. Kia whai mōhio, whai i ngā tohutohu a tō taakuta, kaua hoki e whakaroa ki te uiui mō tō tiaki.

Ngā pūrongo e uiui pinepinetia ana mō te Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Ka taea e ngā pakeke te whiwhi HUS, te pā rānei ki ngā tamariki anake?

Ka taea e ngā pakeke te whiwhi HUS, ahakoa he maha atu i ngā tamariki. Ko ngā pakeke neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke he nui ake te morearea, ā, ko ngā tāngata he pūnaha mate ngoikore he tino ngoikore hoki. He maha ngā wa ka rerekē ngā take o ngā take pakeke i te HUS tamariki, i etahi wa e pā ana ki ngā rongoā, ki ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora rānei i te mate kai.

He mate pāhoko te HUS?

Kāore te HUS i te mate pāhoko, engari ka taea e ngā mate pūtau e arahi ana ki te HUS noa te horapa mai i te tangata ki te tangata. Ka taea te tuku i te pūtau E. coli ma te kai poke, te wai rānei, te hono tika rānei ki ngā tāngata kua pāngia. Mahi i te horoi pai, ina koa te horoi ringa, hei aukati i te horapa o te mate kei raro.

E hia te roa o te ora mai i te HUS?

Ka rerekē te wa ora i runga i te kino me te momo o te HUS. Ka tīmata te nuinga o te iwi he HUS noa te pai ake i roto i te 1-2 wiki, ahakoa ka roa pea ngā wiki ki ngā marama te ora katoa o te whatukuhu. Ka hiahia pea etahi ki te tirotiro haere tonu mo ngā marama, mo ngā tau rānei hei whakarite kia haere tonu te mahi a ō whatukuhu.

Ka hiahia ahau ki te dialysis mena kei ahau te HUS?

Kāore te katoa he HUS e hiahia ana ki te dialysis. Ko te 50-60% o te iwi he HUS kino te hiahia ki te dialysis wa poto hei āwhina i ō whatukuhu i te wa e ora ana. Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o te iwi e hiahia ana ki te dialysis ka taea te mutu i muri i te pai ake o te mahi a te whatukuhu. Ka tirotiro tika tō taakuta i te mahi a ō whatukuhu hei whakatau mena ka hiahiatia te dialysis.

Ka taea te puta atu te HUS neke atu i te kotahi wa?

Kaore e tino puta mai anō te HUS noa e te mate pūtau. Heoi, ka taea te hoki mai te Atypical HUS, ina koa mena he take morearea ira koe, he whakaohooho haere tonu rānei. He maha ngā wa e hiahia ana ngā tāngata he Atypical HUS ki te maimoatanga roa hei aukati i te puta mai anō. Ka korero tō taakuta mo ō take morearea motuhake me te whakawhanake i te mahere tirotiro e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō momo HUS.