He aha te hernia hiatal? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ka puta te hernia hiatal ina pēhi tetahi wāhanga o tou kopu ki runga i te pouaka i roto i tō kōpū e kiia nei ko te hiatus. Whakaarohia tō kōpū hei uaua kaha e wehewehe ana i tō uma me tō puku, ā, e āwhina ana i a koe ki te manawa.

He tino noa tēnei āhuatanga, ina koa ka pakeke haere tātou. He tokomaha ngā tāngata he hernia hiatal iti kei a rātou, ā, kaore rātou e mōhio. Ahakoa te āhua wehi o te ingoa, he maha ngā hernia hiatal ka taea te whakahaere, ā, kaore e puta he raruraru nui.

He aha ngā momo hernia hiatal?

E rua ngā momo matua o ngā hernia hiatal, ā, ko te mōhiotanga ki te rerekētanga ka āwhina i a koe ki te mōhio ki te aha e tatari ana. Ko te momo kei a koe ka pā ki ō tohu me ō kōwhiringa maimoatanga.

Ko te hernia hiatal ngāwari te momo tino noa, e 95% pea o ngā take katoa. Ki tēnei momo, ka neke te hononga o tō esophagus me tō kopu ki runga, ki raro i te pouaka hiatus. Ka kiia he "ngāwari" nā te mea ka taea te neke haere mai.

He iti ake te noa o te hernia hiatal paraesophageal, engari he āhuatanga nui ake. I konei, ka pēhi tetahi wāhanga o tō kopu ki te taha o tō esophagus, ā, kei te noho tonu te hononga. Ka taea e tēnei momo te arahi ki ngā raruraru, nā te mea ka taea te hopu, te piko rānei i te wāhanga kopu.

He momo whakakotahi ano hoki e whakakotahi ana i ngā āhuatanga o ē rua, ahakoa he tino onge ēnei. Ka taea e tō tākuta te whakatau i te momo kei a koe mā ngā whakamātautau whakaahua mena e hiahiatia ana.

He aha ngā tohu o te hernia hiatal?

He tokomaha ngā tāngata he hernia hiatal iti kei a rātou, kaore rātou e kite i tetahi tohu. Ki te puta ngā tohu, ka hono rātou ki te reflux waikawa, nā te mea ka pā te hernia ki te mahi pai o tō sphincter esophageal iti ki te pupuri i te waikawa kopu i te wāhi e tika ana.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa ka kite koe:

• Te ngakau wera e kino ake ana ina takoto koe, ina pēhi rānei koe
• Te regurgitation waikawa, te reka kawa rānei i roto i tō waha
• Te uaua ki te horomi, ina koa ki ngā wahi nui o te kai
• Te mamae uma e āhua rite ana ki te pehanga, ki te tahunga rānei
• Te ngāwari ki te makona ina kai
• Te pupuhi nui atu i te noa
• Te ruaki, ina koa i muri i ngā kai

Ka kite etahi i ngā tohu iti ake, penei i te mare, te reo ngākau, te mamae rānei o te korokoro. Ka puta ēnei nā te mea ka taea e te waikawa kopu te tae atu ki tō korokoro, te whakaohooho rānei i ngā kiko kei reira.

I etahi wā onge, ka taea e ngā hernia nui ake te puta mai ngā tohu nui ake, penei i te mamae uma nui, te uaua ki te manawa, te ruaki rānei. Me whai āwhina tākuta tonu ēnei tohu, nā te mea ka taea e rātou te tohu i ngā raruraru.

He aha ngā take o te hernia hiatal?

Ka whanake ngā hernia hiatal ina ngoikore, ina torotoro rānei te kiko uaua i te taha o te hiatus. Ka tukua e tēnei ngoikore tetahi wāhanga o tō kopu ki te pēhi i roto i te pouaka e nui ana mō tō esophagus.

He maha ngā take ka taea te whakauru ki tēnei ngoikore i te wa roa:

• Te pakeketanga, nā te mea ka ngoikore haere ngā uaua kōpū i te āhua noa, ka ngāwari ake te torotoro
• Te pēhanga nui ake i roto i tō puku mai i te momona, te hapu, te kawe i ngā mea taimaha maha rānei
• Te mare roa, te ruaki rānei e whakapēhi ana i te rohe
• Te whara ki te rohe mai i te pakaru, te pokanga rānei
• Te whānau mai me te pouaka hiatus nui atu i te noa
• Te kaha te pehanga i te wā e haere ana te kakau

I etahi wā kaore te take tika e mārama ana, ā, ka whanake haere te hernia i roto i ngā tau maha. He mea nui kia mōhio kei te nuinga kaore ngā hernia hiatal i puta mai i tetahi mea i he koe.

I etahi wā onge, ka taea e te whara nui ki te uma, ki te puku rānei te puta mai he hernia hiatal nui. Ka puta mai tēnei momo i te wa poto, ā, he maha ngā wā e hiahia ana ki te tiaki tākuta tonu.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te hernia hiatal?

Ko te mōhiotanga ki ō take morearea ka āwhina i a koe ki te mōhio mena kei te nui ake te tūponotanga kia whanake koe i te hernia hiatal. Kia mahara kei te tikanga o te whai take morearea ka whiwhi koe i tētahi.

Ko te pakeketanga te take morearea nui rawa atu, ka nui haere te noa o ngā hernia hiatal i muri i te 50 tau. Ka pakeke haere tātou, ka ngoikore haere ngā kiko e tautoko ana i tō kōpū, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā hernia.

Ko ētahi atu take e piki ake ai tō morearea ko:

• Te taumaha nui, te momona rānei, e piki ake ai te pehanga puku
• Te whakakā, e taea te whakaiti i ngā kiko, te puta mai rānei i te mare roa
• Te whai whānau he hernia hiatal
• Ko te wahine, nā te mea ka whanakehia e ngā wāhine te iti ake i ngā tāne
• Te whai i ētahi mate kiko hono
• Te pokanga puku, te uma rānei o mua

Ka taea hoki e te haputanga te piki ake o tō morearea i te wa poto, nā te pēhanga puku nui ake. Heoi, ka pai ake ngā hernia hiatal e pā ana ki te haputanga i muri i te whānau.

Ko ētahi mahi e whai wāhi ana ki te kawe i ngā mea taimaha, ki te kaha te pehanga rānei ka taea te piki ake o tō morearea i roto i ngā tau maha.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te hernia hiatal?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta mena kei te kite koe i te ngakau wera roa, i ētahi atu tohu pūnaha kai rānei e āwangawanga ana i tō oranga o ia rā. Ahakoa ko ēnei tohu pea he iti, ko te whiwhi i te maimoatanga tika ka taea te whakapai ake i tō harikoa, te aukati rānei i ngā raruraru.

Whakaritea he hui mena ka kite koe i te ngakau wera maha, ina koa ki te kore e pai ake mā ngā antacids kore-whakahaunga. Ka taea e tō tākuta te āwhina ki te whakatau mena he hernia hiatal, he āhuatanga rānei e puta mai ana i ō tohu.

Rapua te āwhina tākuta tonu mena ka kite koe i ngā tohu nui penei i:

• Te mamae uma nui e kore e ngaro
• Te ruaki nui me te ruaki
• Te kore e taea te tukuna te hau, te haere rānei i te kakau
• Te uaua ki te manawa, te poto o te manawa rānei
• Te tere o te ngakau me te mamae uma

Ka taea e ēnei tohu te tohu i te āwangawanga hauora kei te hopu, kei te piko rānei tetahi wāhanga o tō kopu. Ahakoa he onge tēnei, e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga tonu.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te karanga atu ki tō tākuta ki te kore koe e tino mōhio mena he nui ō tohu. He pai tonu te tirotiro me te rangimarie o te ngākau.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te hernia hiatal?

Ko te nuinga o ngā hernia hiatal kaore e puta he raruraru nui, ina koa ko te momo ngāwari iti. Heoi, ko te mōhiotanga ki ngā raruraru pea ka āwhina i a koe ki te mōhio ki ngā tohu hei titiro atu me te wā hei rapu āwhina hauora.

Ko te raruraru tino noa ko te mate reflux gastroesophageal (GERD), e whanake ana ina rere tonu te waikawa kopu ki tō esophagus. I te wa roa, ka taea e tēnei whakaohooho waikawa te whakaohooho, te pakaru rānei i te papanga o tō esophagus.

Ka taea e ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te GERD te whai:

• Te esophagitis, arā, te mumura o te papanga esophagus
• Te esophagus o Barrett, kei reira te huringa o te papanga esophagus nā te whakaohooho waikawa
• Te ngoikore o te esophagus, te whakaiti rānei e uaua ai te horomi
• Ngā raruraru manawa roa mai i te waikawa e tae atu ana ki ngā ngāwari

Ka taea e ngā hernia paraesophageal te arahi ki ngā raruraru nui ake. I etahi wā onge, ka taea te hopu, te piko rānei i te wāhanga kopu e pēhihia ana, te tapahi rānei i tōna whakarato toto.

Ko ngā tohu o ēnei raruraru nui ko te mamae puku nui, te kore e taea te ruaki ahakoa te ruaki, me te tere o te ngakau. E hiahia ana ēnei tohu ki te tiaki hauora tere.

Mā te whakahaere tika me te tiaki whai muri tonu, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata he hernia hiatal te aukati i ēnei raruraru kia kaua e whanake.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te hernia hiatal?

Ko te whakatau i te hernia hiatal ka tīmata ki tō tākuta e ui ana ki ō tohu me tō hītori hauora. Ka hiahia rātou ki te mōhio ki ō tauira ngakau wera, ngā tikanga kai, me tetahi hītori whānau o ngā raruraru pūnaha kai.

I te whakamātautau tinana, ka whakarongo tō tākuta ki tō uma, ka kitea tō puku. Heoi, ko te nuinga kaore e taea te kite i ngā hernia hiatal mā te whakamātautau tinana anake, no reira he maha ngā whakamātautau whakaahua e hiahiatia ana.

Ko ēnei ngā whakamātautau whakatau tino noa:

• Te X-ray horomi barium, kei reira koe e inu ana i te wai parauri e puta ana ki ngā X-rays
• Te endoscopy o runga, te whakamahi i te pūtau angiangi, ngāwari me te kamera hei titiro ki roto
• Te CT scan o tō uma me tō puku mō ngā whakaahua taipitopito
• Te manometry esophageal hei ine i te mahi pai o ō uaua esophagus

Ko te horomi barium te whakamātautau tuatahi, nā te mea he ngāwari, he whakaatu i te nekehanga o tō esophagus me tō kopu ina horomi koe. Ka taea e tō tākuta te kite mena kei te pēhi tetahi wāhanga o tō kopu ki roto i tō pouaka uma.

Ka taea te tūtohutia he endoscopy o runga mena he tohu āwangawanga kei a koe, mena e hiahia ana tō tākuta ki te titiro tata atu ki te papanga o tō esophagus. Ka taea hoki e tēnei whakamātautau te tirotiro i ngā raruraru penei i te mumura, te esophagus o Barrett rānei.

I etahi wā ka kitea ngā hernia hiatal i te wa o ngā whakamātautau mō ētahi atu āhuatanga, ina koa ngā X-rays uma, ngā CT scan rānei i mahia mō ngā take kore e hono.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te hernia hiatal?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te hernia hiatal e aro ana ki te whakahaere i ō tohu me te aukati i ngā raruraru. Ka taea e te tokomaha te whakahaere pai i ō rātou tohu mā ngā huringa oranga me ngā rongoā, kaore e hiahiatia te pokanga.

Ka tīmata pea tō tākuta ki ngā maimoatanga māori, ina koa ki te iti, ki te waenga rānei ō tohu. Ko te whāinga ko te whakaiti i te reflux waikawa me te whakapai ake i tō harikoa i ngā mahi o ia rā.

Ko ngā kōwhiringa rongoā e whai ana:

• Ngā antacids mō te whakaora tere i ngā tohu ngakau wera
• Ngā kaihoroi H2 hei whakaiti i te whakaputa waikawa
• Ngā kaihoroi pūmupū proton mō te aukati waikawa kaha ake, roa ake
• Ngā kaiwhakaohooho prokinetic hei āwhina i tō kopu ki te whakaoti tere ake

Ka tīmata pea tō tākuta ki ngā kōwhiringa kore-whakahaunga, ka neke atu ki ngā rongoā whakahaunga mena e hiahiatia ana. Ko te momo me te kaha o te rongoā ka whakawhirinaki ki te nui o ō tohu me te pai o tō whakautu ki te maimoatanga.

Ko te pokanga te nuinga e whakaarohia ana anake ina kore ngā rongoā me ngā huringa oranga e whakarato i te whakaora tika, mena he hernia paraesophageal nui kei a koe e pā ana ki ngā raruraru. Ko te tukanga pokanga tino noa e kiia nei ko te fundoplication, kei reira te taote e takai ana i tetahi wāhanga o tō kopu ki te taha o te esophagus iti hei whakapakari i te arai ki te reflux waikawa.

Ko te pokanga laparoscopic iti te nuinga e pai ana, nā te mea he iti ake ngā tapahi, he tere ake te ora i te pokanga tuwhera noa.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te hernia hiatal i te kāinga?

Ko te whakahaere kāinga he wāhanga nui ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu hernia hiatal me te whakapai ake i tō kounga o te ora. Ko ngā huringa ngāwari ki ō tikanga kai me ō mahi o ia rā ka taea te whakarereke nui ki tō āhua.

Ko te kai i ngā kai iti ake, maha atu i te toru nui, ka taea te āwhina ki te whakaiti i te pehanga ki tō kopu me te whakaiti i te reflux. Whakamātauria te kai i tō kai whakamutunga i te iti rawa e toru haora i mua i te moe hei tuku i te wā ki tō kopu ki te whakaoti.

Ko ngā kai me ngā inu e whakaohooho ana i ngā tohu ko:

• Ngā kai kawa, waikawa, tomato rānei
• Ngā hua citrus me ngā wai
• Te tiakarete me te pepa mīnata
• Ngā inu caffeine me te waipiro
• Ngā kai momona, kāwhiu rānei
• Ngā inu karapōne

Ko te pupuri i te tātai kai ka āwhina i a koe ki te kimi i ō whakaohooho whaiaro. He rerekē te manawanui o te tangata, no reira ko te mea e āwangawanga ana i tetahi tangata pea ka pai mō tētahi atu.

Ko te whakaara i te ulu o tō moenga ki te 6 ki te 8 inihi ka taea te āwhina ki te aukati i te reflux i te pō. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i ngā kaiwhakaara moenga, he moenga porowhita rānei hei whakatutuki i tēnei koki. Ko te moe ki tō taha maui ka taea te āwhina ki te whakaiti i ngā tohu.

Ko te pupuri i te taumaha hauora ka whakaiti i te pehanga puku e taea te whakaiti i ngā tohu hernia. Ko te ngaro noa i te iti o te taumaha ka taea te whakarato i te whakaora mārama mō te tokomaha.

Ko te karo i ngā kakahu pī i te taha o tō hope me te kore e takoto tonu i muri i te kai he rautaki ngāwari engari he whai hua.

Me pēhea te aukati i te hernia hiatal?

Ahakoa kaore e taea e koe te aukati i ngā hernia hiatal, ina koa ngā mea e pā ana ki te pakeketanga, ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i tō morearea me te aukati i ngā hernia kei reira kia kaua e kino ake.

Ko te pupuri i te taumaha hauora tētahi o ngā mahi aukati tino nui. Ko te taumaha nui ka piki ake te pehanga puku, e taea te whakauru ki te whanaketanga hernia me te whakaiti i ngā mea kei reira.

Ko ēnei ngā rautaki aukati matua:

• Kai i te kai tino pai i te muka hei aukati i te kōpū me te pehanga
• Whakakorihia kia mau te kaha o te pūtake me te taumaha hauora
• Whakamahia ngā tikanga kawe tika, karohia te kawe i ngā mea taimaha ina taea
• Kaua e whakakā, nā te mea ka whakaiti i ngā kiko, te puta mai rānei i te mare roa
• Whakahaerehia ngā āhuatanga roa e puta mai ana i te mare maha
• Karohia ngā mahi e piki ake ai te pehanga puku

Mena kei te nui ake tō morearea nā te pakeketanga, te hītori whānau rānei, ko te whai whakaaro nui ki ēnei rautaki aukati ka nui ake te hiranga.

Mō ngā tāngata kua whai hernia hiatal, ko te whai i ēnei kaupapa kotahi ka taea te āwhina ki te aukati i ngā tohu kia kaua e kino ake, te whakaiti rānei i te morearea o ngā raruraru.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te whiwhi i te nuinga o tō haerenga me te whakarite kei a tō tākuta ngā mōhiohio katoa e hiahiatia ana hei āwhina pai i a koe.

I mua i tō hui, tuhia ō tohu, tae atu ki te wā e puta mai ana, te mea e whakaohooho ana i a rātou, me te mea e whakarato ana i te whakaora. Tākina te āhua o ō tohu ki ō mahi o ia rā, moe, me ngā tikanga kai.

Kawe mai he rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā katoa e inu ana koe, tae atu ki ngā rongoā kore-whakahaunga, ngā taapiri, me ngā rongoā otaota. Ka taea e ētahi rongoā te pā ki ngā tohu pūnaha kai, te mahi tahi rānei me ngā maimoatanga ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta.

Kia rite ki te kōrero mō:

• Tō hītori whānau o ngā raruraru pūnaha kai, ngā hernia rānei
• Ngā pokanga o mua, ina koa ngā tukanga puku, uma rānei
• Tō kai noa me ngā tauira kai
• Mena kei te whakakā koe, kei te inu waipiro rānei
• Ngā huringa taumaha hou
• Ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora kei a koe

Tuhia ngā pūrongo e hiahia ana koe ki te ui i mua i te wareware i a rātou i te hui. Whakaarohia te ui mō ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga, ngā whakarerekētanga oranga, me te wā hei rapu i te tiaki whai muri.

Mena kua whakamātau koe i ētahi rongoā kāinga, i ngā maimoatanga kore-whakahaunga rānei, whakamōhio atu ki tō tākuta te mea i mahi, te mea rānei kaore. Ka āwhina ēnei mōhiohio ki te arahi i ngā whakatau maimoatanga.

He aha te mea nui mō te hernia hiatal?

Ko ngā hernia hiatal he āhuatanga noa, ka taea te whakahaere, kaore e hiahiatia te pā nui ki tō kounga o te ora. Ahakoa te āhua āwangawanga o te whakatau, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata te whakahaere pai i ō rātou tohu mā te whakakotahitanga tika o ngā huringa oranga me te maimoatanga hauora.

Ko te mea nui hei mahara ko ngā hernia hiatal iti e puta mai ana i ngā tohu iti, kaore rānei e arahi ki ngā raruraru nui. Engari, ka taea te whakahaere pai i ngā hernia nui ake mā te tiaki hauora tika me te aro ki ngā whakaohooho tohu.

Ko te mahi tata atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora hei whakawhanake i te mahere whakahaere whaiaro he matua mō tō angitu. Ka taea tenei te whai wāhi i ngā whakarerekētanga kai, ngā rongoā, te whakahaere taumaha, me te aroturuki tonu hei whakarite kia mau tonu tō āhuatanga.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te whakapiri atu ki tō tākuta ki te huri, ki te kino ake rānei ō tohu. Mā te whakahaere whakamua me te tautoko tika, ka taea e koe te haere tonu ki te pai ki ō mahi tino pai me te pupuri i te kounga ora pai ahakoa he hernia hiatal kei a koe.

Ngā pūrongo e ui ana mō te hernia hiatal

Ka taea te ngaro atu te hernia hiatal i runga i a ia ake?

Ko te nuinga kaore ngā hernia hiatal iti e ngaro rawa atu i runga i a rātou ake, engari ka pai ake ngā tohu mā ngā huringa oranga me te whakahaere tika. Ko te hernia ake he tohu i te huringa hanganga kei reira tetahi wāhanga o tō kopu i neke atu i te pouaka kōpū. Heoi, ka kite te tokomaha ka nui ake te whakahaere, te ngaro rānei o ō rātou tohu mā te huarahi maimoatanga tika, ka iti ake te kitea o te hernia i te oranga o ia rā.

He haumaru te whakakori me te hernia hiatal?

Ae, ko te whakakori he haumaru, he whai hua hoki mō ngā tāngata he hernia hiatal, engari me whiriwhiri koe i ngā mahi mā te whakaaro nui. Ko ngā whakakori iti-pānga penei i te hikoi, te kauhoe, me te yoga ngāwari he kōwhiringa pai. Karohia ngā whakakori e piki ake ai te pehanga puku, penei i te kawe i ngā mea taimaha, ngā whakakori pūtake nui, ngā mahi rānei e hiahia ana koe ki te pupuri i tō manawa me te pehanga. Whakarongo tonu ki tō tinana, mutu rānei mena ka kite koe i ngā tohu e piki ake ana i te wā, i muri rānei i te whakakori.

He aha ngā kai me karo rawa atu ki te hernia hiatal?

Ahakoa he rerekē ngā kai whakaohooho mai i te tangata ki te tangata, ko ngā mea noa hei whakaiti, hei karo rānei ko ngā kai kawa, ngā hua citrus, ngā tamati, te tiakarete, te pepa mīnata, te caffeine, te waipiro, me ngā kai momona, kāwhiu rānei. Heoi, kaore koe e hiahia ki te whakakore rawa atu i ēnei kai. Pupuri i te tātai kai hei kimi i ō whakaohooho whaiaro, mahi tahi rānei me tō tākuta, he kaiwhakaako kai rānei hei hanga i te mahere kai tino pai e whakaiti ana i ngā tohu, ā, e tuku ana i a koe ki te pai ki ngā momo kai.

E hia te roa te ora o te pokanga hernia hiatal?

Ko te wā ora e rerekē ana i runga i te momo pokanga me tō tukanga ora whaiaro. Mā te pokanga laparoscopic iti, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata te hoki ki ngā mahi māori i roto i te wiki, ki ngā mahi noa i roto i te 2-4 wiki. Ko te ora katoa, tae atu ki te kaha ki te kawe i ngā mea taimaha me te hoki ki ngā mahi o mua katoa, e 6-8 wiki pea. Ka whakarato tō taote i ngā aratohu motuhake i runga i tō tukanga me tō ahuatanga i ngā hui whai muri.

Ka taea e te ahotea te whakaiti i ngā tohu hernia hiatal?

Ae, ka taea e te ahotea te whakaiti i ngā tohu hernia hiatal i ngā huarahi maha. Ko te ahotea e arahi ana ki ngā huringa i ngā tikanga kai, te whakaputa waikawa kopu nui ake, me te uaua o ngā uaua e pā ana ki te pūnaha kai. He tokomaha ano ngā tāngata e kai tere ana, e whiriwhiri ana rānei i ngā kai iti ake te hauora ina ahotea, e taea te whakaohooho i ngā tohu reflux. Ko te whakahaere i te ahotea mā ngā tikanga whakamahinga, te whakakori tonu, te moe tika, me ngā rautaki whakaiti ahotea ka taea te wāhanga nui o te whakahaere pai i ō tohu hernia hiatal.