He aha te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te purpura thrombocytopenic idiopathic (ITP) tētahi mate toto kei reira te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana e whakangaro ana i ō pūtau pūtau toto. Ko ngā pūtau pūtau toto ngā pūtau toto iti e āwhina ana i tō toto kia kōtiti ina motuhake koe, kāre rānei i te whara.

Ina pangia koe e te ITP, ka heke te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto ki raro i te taumata noa, ā, ka āhei te arahi ki te mātā, me te totohe. Ko te kupu ‘idiopathic’ e kī ana, kāore ngā tākuta e tino mōhio ki te take o tēnei whakautu ārai mate, engari ko te rongo pai, he maha ngā tāngata e ora ana i te ora noa, hauora me te tiaki tika.

He aha te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic?

Ka puta te ITP ina pohehe te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana, ka tīmata te whakaeke i ō pūtau pūtau toto ake, me te mea he hunga whakaeke kino. Whakaarohia he ahi hoa i roto i tō toto.

Ko tō wheua wheua e hanga ana i ngā pūtau pūtau toto, engari ko tō kōpū me ētahi atu wāhanga o tō pūnaha ārai mate e whakangaro ana i a rātou tere rawa. Ka waiho tēnei i a koe me ngā pūtau pūtau toto iti hei āwhina i tō toto kia kōtiti tika.

Ka pā te mate nei ki ngā tamariki me ngā pakeke, ahakoa ka rerekē te āhua i roto i ēnei rōpū e rua. Ko ngā tamariki e pangia ana e te ITP ka ora tonu i roto i te ono marama, ka hiahia pea ngā pakeke ki te whakahaere tonu.

He aha ngā tohu o te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic?

Ko ngā tohu matua o te ITP e pā ana ki te kaha iti o tō tinana ki te mutu i te totohe me te hanga i ngā kōtiti. Ka kite pea koe i ēnei huringa i te iti, kāre rānei ka puta mai i te tere.

Ko ētahi tohu noa ka kitea e koe:

• Te mātā ngāwari e puta mai ana kahore he whara marama
• Ngā tohu whero iti, kāre rānei puru i runga i tō kiri e kiia nei he petechiae
• Ngā ihu toto e puta ana i te maha, kāre rānei e roa atu i te noa
• Ngā wa toto nui mō ngā wāhine
• Te toto i ngā niho ina horoi ngā niho
• Te toto i roto i te mimi, kāre rānei i te paru

Ko ētahi tāngata e pangia ana e te ITP ngawari ka iti rawa ngā tohu, ka kitea noa iho to rātou mate i te wā o te mahi toto noa. Ka kite pea ētahi i te ngenge, ka taea te puta ina mahi kaha tō tinana ki te whakahaere i te totohe.

Ko te totohe nui he iti te noa, engari e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tere. Kei roto i ēnei te totohe o roto nui, kāre rānei te totohe e mutu ana i muri i te whara.

He aha ngā momo Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic?

Ka wehewehe ngā tākuta i te ITP ki ngā momo e rua e hangai ana ki te roa o te mate. Ka āwhina tēnei ki a rātou ki te whakatau i te huarahi maimoatanga pai mōu.

Ko te ITP koi e iti iho i te ono marama te roa, ā, he noa ake i ngā tamariki. Ka puta mai i te tere i muri i te mate huaketo, ā, ka ora pea ake kahore he maimoatanga.

Ko te ITP roa e ono marama te roa ake, ā, he noa ake i ngā pakeke. Ko tēnei momo e hiahia ana ki te tirotiro tonu, ā, ka hiahia pea ki ngā maimoatanga maha hei pupuri i te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto.

He kāwai anō e kiia nei he ITP mau tonu, kei waenganui i te koi me te roa, e toru ki te tekau mā rua marama te roa. Ka tirotiro tata atu tō tākuta i tō mate ki te kite i te kāwai e tika ana mō tō āhuatanga.

He aha ngā take o te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic?

Ko te take pono o te ITP kāore e mohiotia, koia te take i kiia ai he ‘idiopathic’. Engari, kua kitea e ngā kairangahau etahi take ka taea te whakaoho i tēnei pohehe pūnaha ārai mate.

Ko ētahi take ka taea te whakauru ki te whanaketanga o te ITP:

• Ngā mate huaketo penei i te mate huaketo, te mate huaketo ate, kāre rānei te huaketo Epstein-Barr
• Ngā mate huaketo penei i te H. pylori
• Ētahi rongoā, kāre rānei i ngā whakakakahu
• Ngā āhuatanga ārai mate
• Te hapu mō ētahi wāhine
• Ngā take ira e whakapakari ana i ētahi tāngata

I te nuinga o ngā wā, ka puta te ITP ina hanga e tō pūnaha ārai mate ngā antibody e whakaeke ana i ō pūtau pūtau toto. Ka piri ēnei antibody ki ngā pūtau pūtau toto, ka tohu i a rātou kia whakangarohia e tō kōpū.

I etahi wa ka puta te ITP me ētahi atu āhuatanga ārai mate penei i te lupus, kāre rānei te mate rewiti rheumatoid. I ngā take onge, ka hono pea ki ētahi mate pukupuku, kāre rānei ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta ki te kite koe i te mātā, kāre rānei te totohe e awangawanga ana koe. Ka āwhina te aromatawai tere ki te whakatau mena kei a koe te ITP, kāre rānei tētahi atu mate.

Rapua te tiaki hauora tere ki te pāngia koe e te totohe nui e kore e mutu, ngā ihu toto nui, kāre rānei te toto i roto i tō mimi, kāre rānei i tō paru. Ko ēnei tohu e whakaatu ana pea he iti rawa te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto.

Karanga atu mō te tiaki āwhina tere ki te pāngia koe e ngā tohu o te totohe o roto nui, penei i te mamae o te kopu nui, te ruaki tonu, ngā upoko mamae nui, kāre rānei te pohehe. Ko ēnei raruraru onge, engari nui te hiahia ki te maimoatanga tere.

He mea nui ngā hui whakarite i muri i te whakatau i te ITP. Ka tirotiro atu tō tākuta i te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto, ka whakarite i ngā maimoatanga kia rite ki te hiahia hei tiaki i a koe.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic?

Ahakoa tetahi ka taea te whanake i te ITP, ko ētahi take ka piki ake tō tūponotanga ki te whiwhi i tēnei mate. Ka āwhina te mārama ki ēnei take morearea ki a koe ki te noho mataara ki ngā tohu pea.

Ko te tau e takaro ana i te āhua o te whanaketanga me te haere o te ITP. Ko ngā tamariki i waenganui i ngā tau 2 me te 4 te nuinga o te whiwhi i te ITP koi, ā, ko ngā pakeke te nuinga o te whanake i te momo roa.

Ko ngā wāhine te nuinga atu i ngā tāne ki te whanake i te ITP roa, ina koa i o rātou tau whānau. Ka taea e te hapu te whakaoho i te ITP, kāre rānei te whakaiti i ngā tohu o mua.

Ko te whai i ētahi atu āhuatanga ārai mate penei i te lupus, te mate rewiti rheumatoid, kāre rānei te mate antiphospholipid e piki ake ai tō morearea. Ka nui ake pea te tūponotanga o tō pūnaha ārai mate ki te mahi he ina mahi nui rawa.

Ko ngā mate hou, ina koa ngā mate huaketo, ka taea te whakaoho i te ITP i ētahi tāngata. He noa ake tēnei i ngā tamariki e whanake ana i te ITP koi i muri i ngā mate tamariki noa.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te ITP e whakahaere pai ana i to rātou mate kahore he raruraru nui. Engari, he mea nui te mārama ki ngā raruraru pea kia taea ai e koe te mohio ki ngā tohu whakatūpato.

Ko te take matua o te ITP ko ngā raruraru totohe, ka taea te rereke mai i te iti ki te nui:

• Te totohe roa i muri i ngā whara, kāre rānei ngā mahi hauora
• Te toto nui i te wa o te marama e taea ai te mate toto iti
• Te totohe o te puku e puta ai te toto i roto i te paru
• I te onge, te totohe o roto nui i ngā whekau
• I te onge rawa, te totohe i roto i te roro, he āwangawanga hauora tēnei

Ka whakaatu pea te hapu i ngā wero motuhake mō ngā wāhine e pangia ana e te ITP. Ka kino pea te mate i te wā o te hapu, ā, he iti te morearea o te tuku i ngā pūtau pūtau toto iti ki te pēpi.

Ko ētahi maimoatanga mō te ITP, ina koa te whakamahinga roa o te steroid, ka taea te whakaoho i ō rātou ake raruraru penei i te ngoikore o te wheua, kāre rānei te piki o te morearea mate. Ka ata whakarite tō tākuta i ngā painga maimoatanga me ngā pānga pea.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic?

Ko te whakatau i te ITP e whakauru ana i te whakakore i ētahi atu mate ka taea te whakaoho i ngā pūtau pūtau toto iti. Ka tīmata tō tākuta me tō hītori hauora me te whakamātautau tinana.

Ko te kaute toto katoa (CBC) te whakamātautau tuatahi ka tono atu tō tākuta. Ka whakaatu tēnei i te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto, ka tirotiro i ō pūtau toto ke kia tika te noa.

Ka tirotiro pea tō tākuta i te tauira o tō toto i raro i te microscope hei titiro tata atu ki ō pūtau pūtau toto. E hiahia ana rātou ki te kite mena he noa te āhua o ngā pūtau pūtau toto, he iti noa iho te maha.

I etahi wā, ka āwhina ngā whakamātautau atu ki te whakakore i ētahi atu take o ngā pūtau pūtau toto iti. Ka uru pea ēnei ki ngā whakamātautau mō ngā mate huaketo, ngā tohu ārai mate, kāre rānei ngā ngoikoretanga huaora e taea te pā ki te hanga pūtau pūtau toto.

I ētahi wā, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te biopsy wheua wheua hei tirotiro mena kei te hanga tika tō wheua wheua i ngā pūtau pūtau toto. Ko tēnei e hiahiatia ana noa i te wā kāore i te marama tō whakatau, kāre rānei e whakautu ana koe ki te maimoatanga kia rite ki te tumanako.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te ITP e whakawhirinaki ana ki te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto, ngā tohu, me te morearea o te totohe. Kāore te katoa e pangia ana e te ITP e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga tere.

Ki te nui atu i te 30,000 te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto, ā, he iti ngā tohu, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta ki te tirotiro ata i te wā o te maimoatanga. Ko tēnei huarahi e kiia nei he ‘matakitaki me te tatari.’

Ina hiahiatia te maimoatanga, he maha ngā kōwhiringa e wātea ana:

• Ngā corticosteroid penei i te prednisone hei whakakore i te mahi pūnaha ārai mate
• Te maimoatanga immunoglobulin (IVIG) hei aukati i te whakangaro antibody o ngā pūtau pūtau toto
• Te immunoglobulin anti-D mō ngā tāngata e whai momo toto motuhake ana
• Ngā agonist kaiwhiwhi thrombopoietin hei whakaoho i te hanga pūtau pūtau toto
• Ngā rongoā immunosuppressive mō ngā take roa
• Te tango kōpū (splenectomy) i ngā take nui e kore e whakautu ki ētahi atu maimoatanga

Ka tīpako tō tākuta i ngā maimoatanga e hangai ana ki tō āhuatanga motuhake, tō tau, me te pai o tō whakautu ki ngā rongoā tuatahi. He maha ngā tāngata e kite ana i te piki nui o te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto me te maimoatanga.

Kei te haere tonu te whanaketanga o ngā maimoatanga hou, e hoatu ana ki ngā tākuta ngā kōwhiringa atu hei āwhina i ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te ITP ki te pupuri i ngā taumata pūtau pūtau toto haumaru i te wā e whakaiti ana i ngā pānga.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic i te kāinga?

Ko te whakahaere i te ITP i te kāinga e aro ana ki te aukati i te whara me te totohe i te wā e pupuri ana i tō kounga ora. Ka taea e ngā whakaritenga noho ora iti te whakarereke nui ki tō haumaru.

Tīakina koe i ngā motu me ngā mātā mā te kakahu i ngā taputapu tiaki i ngā mahi, me te karo i ngā hākinakina hono ina iti te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto. Whakamahia he hōtū niho ngawari, me te karo i te horoi mena ka ngāwari te toto o ō ngutu.

Kia tupato ki ngā rongoā e pā ana ki te totohe. Me karo i te aspirin, ibuprofen, me ētahi atu rongoā whakaheke toto, ki te kore e whakaae motuhake tō tākuta.

Tirohia ō tohu i ia rā, ā, tuhia ngā mātā, kāre rānei ngā totohe hou. Ka āwhina tēnei mōhiohio i tō tākuta ki te whakarite i tō mahere maimoatanga kia rite ki te hiahia.

Pupuri i te hauora pai me te moe noa, te whakahaere ahotea, me te kai rite. Ahakoa kāore ēnei e rongoa tika i te ITP, ka tautoko rātou i tō pūnaha ārai mate me tō oranga pai katoa.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui e āwhina ana ki te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i te nuinga mai i tō haerenga. Kawe mai tētahi rārangi o ō tohu katoa, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou me te āhua o te huringa.

Tuhia ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri katoa e inu ana koe, tae atu ki ngā hua-ā-te-kāinga. Ka taea e ētahi rongoā te pā ki te mahi pūtau pūtau toto, kāre rānei te mahi tahi me ngā maimoatanga ITP.

Whakaritea ngā pātai mō tō mate, ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga, me te mea e tumanakohia ana. Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui mō tetahi mea e awangawanga ana koe, kāre rānei e mārama ana koe.

Kawe mai tētahi mema whānau, kāre rānei tētahi hoa mena ka taea. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui, me te whakarato tautoko i tō hui.

Pupuri i ngā tohu i waenganui i ngā hui mā te whakamahi i te puka tuhi ngāwari. Tuhia ngā wā totohe, ngā mātā hou, kāre rānei ngā huringa i ō taumata kaha.

He aha te mea nui mō te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic?

Ko te ITP tētahi mate e taea te whakahaere kei reira te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana e whakangaro ana i ngā pūtau pūtau toto, e arahi ana ki te mātā me te totohe. Ahakoa kāore te take pono i te marama tonu, he maimoatanga whai hua e wātea ana.

He maha ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te ITP e ora ana i te ora noa, mahi me te tiaki hauora me ngā whakaritenga noho ora. Ko ngā tamariki te nuinga o te ora tonu, ā, ko ngā pakeke pea ka hiahia ki te whakahaere tonu.

Ko te ki ki te angitu me te ITP ko te mahi tata atu ki tō rōpū hauora, te noho mōhio mō tō mate, me te tango i ngā mahi hei aukati i ngā raruraru totohe. Me te tiaki tika, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te ITP te pupuri i te kounga ora pai.

Kia mahara ko te ITP e pā ana ki te katoa i te rerekē. Me whakarite tō mahere maimoatanga ki ō hiahia motuhake, ngā tohu, me te whakautu ki te rongoā.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te Purpura Thrombocytopenic Idiopathic

Ka taea te ora i te ora noa me te ITP?

Ae, ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te ITP ka taea te ora i te ora noa, mahi me te whakahaere hauora tika. Pea ka hiahia koe ki te karo i ētahi mahi morearea nui, me te tango i ngā whakaritenga hei aukati i te totohe, engari he maha ngā tāngata e mahi ana, e whakakori tinana ana, ā, e pai ana ki ngā mahi noa. Ka āwhina tō tākuta i a koe ki te mārama ki ngā mahi haumaru e hangai ana ki te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto me ngā tohu.

Kei te whakaarohia ko te ITP he mate nui?

Ka taea te rereke o te ITP mai i te ngawari ki te nui e whakawhirinaki ana ki te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto me ngā tohu. He maha ngā tāngata e whai ITP ngawari ana e hiahia ana ki te iti o te maimoatanga, ā, ko ētahi atu e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere nui atu. Ko te take nui rawa ko te totohe nui, engari he onge tēnei. Me te tiaki hauora tika, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te ITP te karo i ngā raruraru nui.

Ka taea te ngaro ake te ITP?

Ae, ina koa i ngā tamariki. Ko te 80% o ngā tamariki e pangia ana e te ITP koi ka ora tonu i roto i te ono marama kahore he maimoatanga. Ko ngā pakeke e pangia ana e te ITP roa he iti te tūponotanga o te whakaora ake, engari ko ētahi ka kite i ngā wā e hoki ana te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto ki te noa. Ahakoa kāore te ITP e ngaro tonu, ka taea e ngā maimoatanga te whakahaere pai i te mate.

He aha ngā kai me karo i te ITP?

Kāore he kai motuhake me karo i te ITP, engari ka taea e ētahi whakaritenga te āwhina. Whakaitihia te waipiro, no te mea ka pā pea ki te mahi pūtau pūtau toto, me te mahi tahi me ngā rongoā. Kia tupato ki ngā kai ka taea te whakaoho i te ngākau, kāre rānei te whara ki tō waha. Ka kite pea ētahi i ētahi kai penei i te karika, kāre rānei te kānga, he iti te kaha whakaheke toto, ka piki ake pea te mātā, ahakoa ka rerekē tēnei i te tangata.

Ka taea e te hapu te pā ki te ITP?

Ka taea e te hapu te pā ki te ITP i ngā huarahi maha. Ko ētahi wāhine e whanake ana i te ITP mō te wā tuatahi i te wā o te hapu, ā, ko ētahi atu e whai ITP o mua ana ka kite pea i te heke o te maha o ngā pūtau pūtau toto. Ko te nuinga o ngā wāhine e pangia ana e te ITP ka taea te hapu angitu me te tirotiro ata me te maimoatanga tika. Ka mahi tahi tō tākuta me koe ki te whakahaere i tō ITP me te whakarite i te hapu hauora mōu me tō pēpi.