He aha te kanohi whakangā? Ngā tohu, ngā take, me te rongoā

Ko te kanohi whakangā, e mohiotia ana i roto i te rongoā ko te amblyopia, ka puta mai ina kore tetahi kanohi e whanake i te tirohanga noa i te wā tamariki. Ka waiho tenei hei āhuatanga ka manakohia e tō roro te kanohi kaha ake, ā, ka ‘wareware’ noa atu ki ngā tohu mai i te kanohi ngoikore.

Whakaarohia ko tō roro te whiriwhiri ki te whakawhirinaki ki tetahi kanohi atu i tetahi, rite tonu ki te manako ki tō ringa rangatira. Ahakoa ka rongo pea tenei he āwangawanga, he tino noa te kanohi whakangā, e pā ana ki te 2-3% o ngā tamariki. Ko te rongo pai ko te kite wawe me te rongoā tika, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tamariki te whanake i te tirohanga pai ake.

He aha te kanohi whakangā?

Ka puta te kanohi whakangā ina kore tō roro me tetahi kanohi e mahi tahi tika i ngā tau nui o te whanaketanga o te tirohanga. Ka ako tō roro ki te whakawhirinaki nui atu ki te kanohi e kite mārama ana, ka waiho tetahi atu kanohi hei ‘whakangā’ nā te kore e whakamahia.

Ka whanake pea tenei āhuatanga i mua i te 8 o ngā tau, ina kei te hanga tonu tō pūnaha tirohanga. Kāore te kanohi e pā ana i te ‘whati’ kē, kāore rānei i te pakaru. Engari, kāore ngā ara neural i waenganui i taua kanohi me tō roro i whanake penei i te mea me mahi. Koia te take i nui ai te mahi wawe – he tino āhei tō roro ki te huri i enei tau taitamariki.

He mea nui kia mārama kōrero, ehara te kanohi whakangā i te mea ka puta i te po kotahi. Ka whanake haere te āhuatanga i te wā e whanake ana te pūnaha tirohanga o tō tamaiti, koia te take i nui ai ngā tirotiro kanohi ā-tau i te wā tamariki.

He aha ngā tohu o te kanohi whakangā?

Ka uaua pea te kite i te kanohi whakangā, nā te mea ka taea e ngā tamariki te whakarite pai, ka kore ngā tohu marama e kitea tonu. Heoi, he maha ngā tohu ka taea e koe te titiro atu, ka āhei pea te whakaatu kei pā ana tō tamaiti ki ngā rerekētanga tirohanga i waenganui i ōna kanohi.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa hei titiro atu:

• Kotahi te kanohi e hurihuri ana ki roto, ki waho, ki runga, ki raro rānei
• Ngā kanohi kaore e mahi tahi ana
• Te kite hohonu kino, te uaua rānei ki te whakatau i ngā tawhiti
• Te pēpehi kanohi, te kati rānei i tetahi kanohi i te nuinga o te wā
• Te whakatere i te upoko ki tetahi taha ina titiro ki ngā mea
• Te uaua ki ngā mahi e hiahia ana ki te kite hohonu pai, pēnei i te hopu pōro
• Ngā amuamu mō ngā kanohi ngenge, ngā mamae pūkau rānei i muri i ngā mahi tirohanga

Ka whanake etahi tamariki i ētahi tohu ngāwari ake ka uaua ki te kite. Āta pēnei pea rātou ki ngā mea kei tetahi taha, uaua ki ngā kaupae, ki te ahua pakaru rānei i ngā mahi hākinakina. Ka whakaatu aua whāinga i ngā wero e puta mai ana i te kite hohonu iti.

Kia mahara he tokomaha ngā tamariki he kanohi mangere kaore he tohu marama. Nō te mea ka tino pai te kaha o te roro ki te whakatikatika, koia te take ko ngā whakamātau kanohi ngaio te huarahi pono rawa atu ki te kite i te mate.

He aha ngā momo kanohi mangere?

He maha ngā momo o te kanohi mangere, ka whanake mai ia i ngā take rerekē. Ka āwhina te mōhiotanga ki ēnei momo ki te āta mohio ki te aha pea e pā ana ki te tirohanga o tō tamaiti.

Ko ēnei ngā momo matua e toru:

• Amblyopia strabismic: Ka puta mai tēnei ina kore ngā kanohi o tō tamaiti e whakatū tika, ka puta he tirohanga takirua. Ka whakakore te roro i te whakaahua mai i te kanohi kē
• Amblyopia refractive: Ka whanake mai tēnei ina he rerekētanga nui te rongoā i waenga i ngā kanohi e rua, ka nui ake te mahi o tetahi kanohi i tetahi
• Amblyopia deprivation: Ka puta mai tēnei ina ārai ana tetahi mea i te mārama ki te tomo ki tetahi kanohi i te wā o te whanaketanga, pēnei i te cataracts, te kōpū rānei o te kamo

Ko te amblyopia strabismic pea te mea e whakaahuahia ana e te nuinga o te iwi ina whakaaro ratou ki te kanohi mangere, na te mea ka kitea te kore tika o te kanohi. Heoi, ka taea te nui o te amblyopia refractive, a he maha nga wa ka uaua ake te kitea me te kore tirotironga ngaio.

Ko te amblyopia deprivation te momo tino onge engari te tino nui, na te mea e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga wawe kia kore ai e ngaro te tirohanga mo ake tonu atu. He pai, ka kitea wawe tenei momo na te mea ka marama te aukatinga tinana.

He aha te take o te kanohi mangere?

Ka whanake te kanohi mangere ina he mea hei whakakore i te whanaketanga tirohanga noa i nga tau wawe o to tamaiti. Ko te take matua ko te whiwhi a to roro i nga korero tirohanga kore marama, ranei rerekee mai i tetahi kanohi, ka arahina ai ki te manaaki i te ahua marama mai i tetahi atu kanohi.

He maha nga ahuatanga ka taea te whakaoho i tenei tukanga:

• Te kore tika o te uaua kanohi: Ina kore e mahi tahi nga uaua e whakahaere ana i te nekehanga o te kanohi, ka puta he kanohi whiti, he kanohi haereere ranei
• Nga rereketanga nui o te refractive: Ina hiahia ana tetahi kanohi ki te whakahaunga kaha atu i tetahi atu mo te poto, te roa, te astigmatism ranei
• Nga aukatinga tinana: Nga ahuatanga penei i nga cataracts whanau, te ptosis nui (te kapi o te kamo), te mamae o te cornea ranei e aukati ana i te marama ki te tae atu ki te retina
• Nga take ira: Ka piki ake te morearea o te whanau o te kanohi mangere, nga kanohi whiti, nga rereketanga tirohanga nui ranei

I etahi wa, ka taea e nga take onge te awhina i te whanaketanga o te kanohi mangere. Ka uru pea enei ki etahi atu syndrome ira, nga raruraru whanautanga wawe, nga whakaroa whanaketanga ranei e pa ana ki te pūnaha tirohanga. I etahi wa onge, ka taea hoki e nga ahuatanga nui ake penei i nga raruraru retina, i nga raruraru o te ihu tirohanga ranei te arahi ki te amblyopia.

Ko te mea nui kia mārama ko te kanohi whakangāwari kaore i puta mai i tetahi mea i mahi rānei, kāore rānei i mahi koe hei mātua. Ko ēnei ngā rerekētanga whanaketanga e puta ana i te āhua noa, ā, mā te tiaki tika, ka taea te whakahaere angitu.

Nōhea te toro atu ki te taakuta mō te kanohi whakangāwari?

Me whakarite e koe tetahi whakamātau kanohi mena ka kite koe i ētahi tohu e whakaatu ana kaore ngā kanohi o tō tamaiti e mahi tahi pai ana. Ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga ka whakapai ake te tupono o te whanaketanga o te tirohanga pai i ngā kanohi e rua.

Whakapa atu ki tetahi tohunga tiaki kanohi mena ka kite koe:

• Tetahi kanohi e tahuri ana ki roto, ki waho, ki runga, ki raro i muri i te 4 marama te pakeke
• Te pupuhi pinepine, te kati rānei i tetahi kanohi
• Te whāiti i te matenga, te tūnga rānei o te matenga i te tirohanga ki ngā mea
• Te kore o te hononga pai, te tūtaki pinepine rānei ki ngā mea
• Ngā amuamu mō te mamae o te kanohi, te mamae o te mahunga, te tirohanga rua rānei
• Te uaua ki ngā mahi mārama hohonu penei i te hopu pōro, te iho rānei i ngā kaupae

Ahakoa kaore koe e kite i ētahi tohu awangawanga, he mea nui ngā whakamātau kanohi ā-rū. Kei te tūtohutia e te American Academy of Pediatrics te whakamātau tirohanga i te tau 4, ā, he maha ngā tohunga e kōrero ana mō ngā whakamātau i mua atu mena he hītori whānau o ngā raruraru kanohi.

Kaua e tatari mena he awangawanga tōu - he tino whai hua te maimoatanga kanohi whakangāwari ina tīmata wawe. Ko te pūnaha tirohanga o tō tamaiti te tino whakarite i roto i ngā tau 7-8 o te ora, ā, koinei te matapihi pai mō te whakauru.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te kanohi whakangāwari?

Ka taea e ētahi take te whakapiki ake i te tūponotanga o tō tamaiti ki te whanaketanga o te kanohi whakangāwari. Ahakoa ko te whai i ēnei take morearea kaore e whakamana i te āhua ka puta, ko te mōhio ki a rātou ka āhei te awhina i a koe ki te tiaki mō ngā tohu wawe.

Ko ngā take morearea matua ko:

• Hītori whānau: Mātua, rāua ko ngā teina, he kanohi mangere, he kanohi whakawhiti, he raruraru tirohanga nui
• Whanau wawe: Ngā pēpi i whānau mai i mua i te wiki 37, kāore rānei he taumaha whānau iti
• Ngā whakaroa whanaketanga: Ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te whanaketanga whānui ka pā ano ki te whanaketanga tirohanga
• Ngā hapa whakatikatika nui: Ngā taumata teitei o te tirohanga tata, te tirohanga tawhiti, te astigmatism rānei
• Ngā raruraru uaua kanohi: Ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki ngā uaua e whakahaere ana i te nekehanga o te kanohi

Ko ētahi atu take morearea iti ake e tika ana te aro. Kei roto i ēnei ngā mate pūngao motuhake penei i te mate Down, te whakamahinga o te whakaongaonga e te whaea i te wā hapu, te raruraru rānei i te wā whānau e pā ana ki te tuku hauota ki te roro.

Ko te whai i ngā take morearea he tikanga noa iho kia āta titiro koe ki te whanaketanga tirohanga o tō tamaiti, kia whakarite hoki i ngā tirotiro kanohi auau. He tokomaha ngā tamariki he maha ngā take morearea kāore i whānau mai he kanohi mangere, ā, ko ētahi atu kāore he take morearea e kitea ana.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te kanohi mangere?

Ki te kore e rongoā te kanohi mangere, ka taea te arahi ki ngā raruraru tirohanga pumau e pā ana ki tō tamaiti i o rātou oranga katoa. Ko te rongo pai, ko ēnei raruraru ka taea te aukati i te nuinga ma te kite wawe me te rongoā tika.

Ko ngā raruraru nui rawa atu ko:

• Te ngaro o te tirohanga mō te wā roa: Ka kore pea e whanake te kanohi kua pā te mate ki te tirohanga noa, ki te whakaroa rawa te rongoā
• Te ngoikore o te whakatau i te hohonutanga: Te uaua ki te whakatau i ngā tawhiti, e pā ana ki ngā mahi penei i te taraiwa, te hākinakina, me te eke i ngā kaupae
• Te whakaiti i te mara tirohanga: Ki te whara te kanohi kaha ake, ki te puta he raruraru, kāore he kanohi tārua e pai ana te tirohanga
• Ngā wero mātauranga: Ngā raruraru pānui me ngā raruraru ki ngā mahi e hiahia ana ki te whakauru pai o te tirohanga
• Ngā pānga whānau me ngā pānga hinengaro: Te māharahara mō te ahua o te kanohi, te pouri rānei ki ngā whakawhitinga tirohanga

Ka taea te puta mai o ngā raruraru kaore i te noa engari he kino i roto i ētahi wāhi motuhake. Hei tauira, ki te kore e rongoāhia te amblyopia whakaiti i te katarata whānau i roto i ngā wiki tuatahi o te ora, ka kore pea e whanake te kanohi kua pā te mate ki te tirohanga whai hua, ahakoa he pokanga i muri mai.

Ko te pono whakamātautau ko te nuinga o ēnei raruraru ka taea te karo ma te rongoā wa tika. Ahakoa ka kitea te kanohi mangere i muri mai i te tamarikitanga, he maha tonu ngā whakapainga tirohanga nui e taea tonu ana, ahakoa ko te whakauru wawe te tikanga ka pai ake ngā hua.

Me pēhea te aukati i te kanohi mangere?

Ahakoa kaore e taea e koe te aukati katoa i te kanohi mangere, na te mea he maha ngā take mai i ngā rerekētanga whanaketanga taiao, ka taea e koe te tango i ngā kaupae nui hei hopu wawe i te wa e tino whai hua ana te rongoā.

Ko ngā rautaki aukati tino nui e arotahi ana ki te kite wawe:

• Whakaritea ngā tirotiro kanohi tamariki ā-rōpū, i te tīmatanga i te tau 3-4, ki te tūtohuhia i mua atu
• Tirohia ngā tohu o te kore tika o te kanohi, te whāinga tirohanga rerekē rānei
• Whakaritea te tiaki kanohi tika i ngā mahi hei aukati i ngā whara kanohi
• Whakatikahia ngā raruraru tirohanga i te wa tika me ngā karāheke whakatikatika mena e hiahiatia ana
• Whai tonu me ngā whakaritenga tiaki kanohi e tūtohuhia ana

Mēnā kei tō whānau te hītori o ngā raruraru kanohi, whakaarohia ngā whakamātau kanohi i mua atu, ā, maha atu. Ka tūtohu etahi tohunga ki te whakamātau tuatahi i te tau 1-2 mō ngā tamariki he nui ngā take tūponotanga.

Kia mahara ko te aukati i te kanohi whakangāwari he mahi whakauru wawe tēnā, ehara i te mea ko te karo i te āhuatanga katoa. Ko te tere o te kite me te whakaora i te kanohi whakangāwari, ko te pai ake o te hua mō te whanaketanga o te tirohanga a tō tamaiti.

Pehea te whakamātau i te kanohi whakangāwari?

Ko te whakamātau i te kanohi whakangāwari e hiahia ana ki te whakamātau kanohi whānui e te tohunga tiaki kanohi. Ka whakamahi rātou i ētahi whakamātautau hei aromatawai i te pai o te kite o ia kanohi, me te pai o te mahi tahi o ngā kanohi a tō tamaiti.

Ko te tukanga whakamātautau e whakauru ana i te nuinga:

• Te whakamātautau mārama kite: Te tirotiro i te mārama o te kite o ia kanohi mā te whakamahi i ngā tūtohu, i ngā whakamātautau rānei e tika ana mō te tau.
• Te aromatawai i te whānuitanga o te kanohi: Te tirotiro mena ka mahi tahi ngā kanohi me te tohu ki tetahi aronga.
• Te ine i te hapa whakatikatika: Te whakatau mena ka hiahiatia ngā karāhe ki te whakatika i te poto, te roa rānei o te tirohanga, i te astigmatism rānei.
• Te whakamātautau hauora kanohi: Te titiro ki roto i ngā kanohi hei tirotiro i ngā cataracts, ētahi ārai rānei, i ngā raruraru hauora rānei.
• Te whakamātautau hohonutanga kite: Te aromatawai i te pai o te mahi tahi o ngā kanohi e rua ki te whakatau i ngā tawhiti.

Mō ngā tamariki iti kaore e taea te pānui i ngā reta, ka whakamahi ngā tākuta kanohi i ngā tikanga motuhake penei i ngā tūtohu pikitia, ngā rama, i ngā whakamātautau kaupapa kore e hiahia ana ki ngā whakautu kupu. Ka taea e ēnei tikanga te aromatawai tika i te tirohanga ahakoa i ngā tamariki.

Kaore he mamae te whakamātautau, ā, e 30-60 meneti te roa. Ka whakamahi pea tō tohunga tiaki kanohi i ngā matū hei whakakore wā poto i te tirohanga a tō tamaiti mō te aromatawai tika ake, na reira whakaritea mō te ngaro o te tirohanga mō etahi haora i muri mai.

He aha te rongoā mō te kanohi whakangāwari?

Ko te whakaora i te kanohi ngāwari e arotahi ana ki te whakatenatena i te roro o tō tamaiti kia whakamahi i te kanohi ngoikore, kia taea ai te whanake i te tirohanga pai ake. Ko te huarahi motuhake e whakamahia ana e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take o te amblyopia me tōna kaha.

Ko ētahi o ngā maimoatanga tino noa ko:

• Anō ranei karāhe miro: Ka whakaritea ina āwhina ngā hapa whakatikatika ki te āhuatanga
• Te hipoki i te kanohi: Te hipoki i te kanohi kaha mō ngā wā motuhake hei akiaki i te roro kia whakamahi i te kanohi ngoikore
• Ngā matū Atropine: Rongoā e whakamārama pārekareka ana i te tirohanga i roto i te kanohi kaha, e whakatenatena ana i te whakamahinga o te kanohi ngoikore
• Te rongoā tirohanga: Ngā whakangungu motuhake i hangaia hei whakapai ake i te hononga kanohi me te tukatuka tirohanga
• Te pokanga: E hiahiatia ana ina hiahia ngā raruraru uaua kanohi, rānei ngā ārai tinana ki te whakatikatika

Ko te angitu o te maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tīmatanga wawe, i mua atu i te tau 7-8 ina tino whakaritea te pūnaha tirohanga. Heoi, he maha ngā whakapainga e taea ana ahakoa ka tīmata te maimoatanga i muri mai i te tamarikitanga, i te tauira rānei.

Ka hanga e tō rōpū tiaki kanohi tētahi mahere maimoatanga whaiaro e whakaae ana ki ngā hiahia motuhake o tō tamaiti. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki e hiahia ana ki ngā marama maha ki ngā tau o te maimoatanga pumau, me te aroturuki auau hei whakarite i te huarahi i te whakapainga o te tirohanga.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te maimoatanga kāinga i te wā o te rongoā kanohi ngāwari?

Ko te whakahaere angitu i te maimoatanga kanohi ngāwari i te kāinga e hiahia ana ki te manawanui, te pumau, me ngā rautaki auaha hei āwhina i tō tamaiti kia mahi tahi me te rongoā i whakaritea. Ko te nuinga o ngā maimoatanga e mahi pai ana ina whai i te tikanga i tūtohuhia e tō kaimahi tiaki kanohi.

Ko ētahi o ngā rautaki mahi mō te whakahaere kāinga:

• Hangaia he mahi auau: Whakaritea ngā wā mō te whakapiri rānei, te tukunga rānei o ngā pata e pai ana ki tō mahi auau o ia rā
• Me waiho hei mea whakangahau: Whakamahia ngā piripiri tae, kia whakapaipaitia e tō tamaiti, kia hanga rānei ngā kēmu i te wā e piri ana
• Whakaritea ngā mahi whakahihiri: Whakaritea ngā mahi tino pai penei i te tuhi, ngā mīti, te wā mata rānei i ngā wā e piri ana
• Aroturukihia te whakahaere: Pupurihia he tātaritanga ngāwari hei tohu i ngā hui whakaora kua oti, me te whakanui i ngā tohu
• Whakatikahia ngā take whakamarie: Ki te pā te kiri ki ngā piripiri, whakamātauria ētahi atu waitohu, kia ui rānei mō ētahi atu huarahi

Tumanako ki ētahi whakahē i te tīmatanga – he mea noa tenei. He tokomaha ngā tamariki e kite ana i te kore pai, i te pouri rānei i te tīmatanga. Kia manawanui, kia mau tonu, me te tuku atu i te tini o ngā whakamātautau me te whakamoemiti mō te mahi tahi.

Kia mau tonu te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki tō rōpū tiaki kanohi e pā ana ki te whakahaere o te maimoatanga i te kāinga. Ka taea e rātou te tuku atu i ētahi atu rautaki, te whakarereke rānei i te mahere maimoatanga ki te pōhēpohe tonu ngā wero.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taote?

Ko te whakarite mō te whakaritenga kanohi a tō tamaiti ka āhei te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i ngā korero tino nui, kia pai ai te haere o te haerenga. He iti te whakarite ka haere atu i te huarahi ki te whakatika i ō māharahara, me te mārama ki ngā hiahia tirohanga a tō tamaiti.

I mua i te whakaritenga, kohikohia ēnei korero:

• Te hītori whānau o ngā raruraru kanohi, kanohi ngāwari, kanohi whiti rānei
• Rārangi o ngā rongoā o nāianei, ngā pata kanohi rānei
• Ngā tuhinga e pā ana ki ngā whāinga motuhake, ngā tohu rānei kua kitea e koe
• Ngā pātai e pā ana ki ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga, te wa, me ngā tumanakohanga
• Ngā mahi tino pai a tō tamaiti ka pā pea ki ngā raruraru tirohanga

Āwhina i tō tamaiti ki te whakarite mā te whakamārama atu ka titiro te taote kanohi ki ō rātou kanohi hei whakarite kia pai te mahi. Whakaū atu ki a rātou e kore te whakamātautau e mamae, ahakoa pea ka whiwhi rātou i ngā matū motuhake e ngāwari ai ngā mea mō tētahi wā.

Whakarite kia roa atu te wā o te whakaritenga i te mea i whakaarohia, inā koa ko te whakamātautau kanohi whānui tuatahi tēnei. Kawe mai ngā mahi hei pupuri i tō tamaiti kia noho humarie mēnā he wā tatari, ā, whakaritea tētahi atu hei tarai ki te kāinga mēnā ka whiwhi tō tamaiti i ngā matū whakawhānui.

He aha te mea nui mō te kanohi mangere?

He āhuatanga tirohanga nohinohi te kanohi mangere mō ngā tamariki e whakautu pai ana ki te rongoā ina kitea wawe. Ahakoa pea ka rongo te tangata i te whakaaro, ko te pono ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki he kanohi mangere ka taea te whakawhanake i te tirohanga pai ake me te tiaki tika me te rongoā mau tonu.

Ko te mea nui rawa atu hei mahara ko te kite wawe ka hanga i te rerekētanga nui rawa atu i te angitu o te rongoā. Ko ngā whakamātautau kanohi ā-tau i te wā tamariki, te noho mataara ki ngā tohu pea, me te whai i ngā rongoā i tūtohutia ko ōu taputapu pai rawa atu hei whakarite kia whanake tō tamaiti i te tirohanga pai rawa atu.

Mēnā kua tohua tō tamaiti he kanohi mangere, kia mōhio koe e kore koe e noho kotahi i tēnei haerenga. Me te manawanui, te mau tonu, me te tautoko mai i tō rōpū tiaki kanohi, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tamariki te whakarite pai ki te rongoā, ā, ka haere tonu ki te koa ki ngā oranga mahi, angitu me te tirohanga pai ake.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te kanohi mangere

Ka taea te whakaora katoa te kanohi mangere?

Ahakoa pea he kupu kaha rawa atu te 'whakaora', ka taea te rongoā pai te kanohi mangere, inā koa ina kitea wawe. Ka whanake te nuinga o ngā tamariki i te tirohanga pai ake i te kanohi e pā ana me te rongoā tika. Ko te mea nui ko te tīmatanga o te rongoā i ngā tau whanaketanga nui ina tino whakaritea te roro ki te huringa.

Me kakahu tonu rātou i ngā karāhe?

Ko te take o tēnei e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take o te kanohi mangere. Ki te mea ko ngā hapa whakatikatika penei i te poto o te tirohanga, te roa rānei o te tirohanga, he take whakauru, ka hiahia pea tō tamaiti ki ngā karāheke mō te wā roa. Heoi, ka rereke pea te rongoā karāheke i te wā e whanake ana ō rātou kanohi, ā, ka kite etahi tamariki ka iti ake te whakatikatika e hiahiatia ana e rātou i te wā.

E hia te roa o te maimoatanga kanohi mangere?

He rereke te roa o te maimoatanga i runga i te kino o te āhuatanga me te tere o te kite. Ka kite etahi tamariki i te whakapai i roto i ngā marama torutoru, ā, ka hiahia etahi atu ki te maimoatanga mō ngā tau maha. Ko te nuinga o ngā mahere maimoatanga e whakauru ana i te tirotiro auau me ngā whakarerekētanga e mahia ana i te wā e whakapai ake ana te tirohanga.

Ka taea e ngā pakeke te whanake i te kanohi mangere, te āhuatanga tamariki anake rānei?

Ka whanake te kanohi mangere i te wā tamariki i te wā e hangaia ana te pūnaha tirohanga, i mua i te 8 tau te pakeke. Kāo ngā pakeke e whanake i te kanohi mangere, engari ka kite pea rātou i te kanohi mangere i kore i kitea i te wā tamariki. Ahakoa he uaua ake te maimoatanga pakeke, he whakapainga tonu e taea ana me te whakaora i te ngākau.

He haumaru mō taku tamaiti te whakauru ki ngā hākinakina me te kanohi mangere?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki he kanohi mangere ka taea te whakauru haumaru ki ngā hākinakina, ahakoa ka hiahia pea rātou ki te wā atu hei whanake i ngā pūkenga e hiahia ana ki te kite hohonu pai. Korero ki tō kaimahi tiaki kanohi mō ētahi āwangawanga motuhake. He mea nui rawa te karāheke tiaki mō ngā tamariki he kanohi mangere, na te mea ka nui ake te tiaki i te kanohi kaha.