He aha te Leukoplakia? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

He aha te leukoplakia?

Ko te leukoplakia tētahi āhuatanga e puta ai ngā papatahi mā, mātotoru ki roto i tō waha ka kore e taea te horoi atu. Ka whanaketia ēnei papatahi ina tere ake te tipu o ngā pūtau i roto i te paparinga o tō waha i te noa, ka hangaia ai ngā wāhi mā, teitei e rerekē ana te ahua i te kiko o te waha o te hauora.

Whakaarohia ko te huarahi o tō waha ki te tiaki i a ia ano i te whakaheke tonu. Ahakoa ko te nuinga o ngā papatahi leukoplakia he kore kino, ka taea e etahi te whanake ki te mate pukupuku i te wa roa, koia te take e tangohia ai e ngā tākuta te āwangawanga nui ki a rātou, ā, ka tirotirohia e rātou.

He tino noa te āhuatanga nei, ā, e pā ana ki te 3% o ngā tāngata pakeke puta noa te ao. Ka puta ake te nuinga ki ngā tāngata neke atu i te 40 tau, ahakoa ka taea te whanake i tetahi tau i te wā e puta mai ana ngā āhuatanga tika.

He aha ngā tohu o te leukoplakia?

Ko te tohu matua o te leukoplakia ko ngā papatahi mā, hina rānei e puta ana ki roto i tō waha. Ka mātotoru, ka teitei ēnei papatahi ina rere tō arero ki runga, he tino rerekē i te ahua ngawari o te kiko waha hauora.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu matua ka kitea pea e koe:

• Ngā papatahi mā, hina rānei kaore e taea te whakakore
• Ngā wāhi mātotoru, teitei e ahua rapa, kiri rānei
• Ngā papatahi kaore pea e mamae i te tīmatanga
• Ngā wāhi ka rongo pea he iti te ngawari, te wiri rānei
• Ngā papatahi ka taea te puta i tetahi wāhi o tō waha

Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata kaore e mamae i ngā papatahi leukoplakia i te tīmatanga. Heoi, ki te whakahekehia ngā papatahi i te kai kai pikipiki, te horoi niho rānei, ka mamae pea, ka ngawari rānei.

I etahi wā, ka kite pea koe i te pāwera, te rerekētanga rānei o te reka o te kai. Ki te whanake ngā papatahi i te tae whero, te mamae rānei kahore he take mārama, me whakawhiti atu tenei ki te taote tonu, na te mea ka taea te tohu i ngā rerekētanga nui atu.

He aha ngā momo leukoplakia?

Ka wehewehea e ngā tākuta te leukoplakia ki ngā momo e rua, i runga i te ahua me te āhua o ngā papatahi. Ko te mārama ki ēnei rerekētanga ka āwhina ki te whakatau i te huarahi pai rawa atu mō te tirotiro me te maimoatanga.

Ko te leukoplakia taurite te ahua o ngā papatahi mā, ngawari me te taurite o te kiko puta noa. Ka rite te ahua o ēnei papatahi, ā, ka ngawari te pā atu. He maha ake tenei momo, ā, he iti ake te tūponotanga ki te whanake ki te mate pukupuku.

Ko te leukoplakia kore-taurite te ahua o ngā papatahi kore-rite me ngā tae me ngā kiko rerekē. Ka kite pea koe i ngā wāhi mā e whakaranu ana ki ngā tohu whero, ngā papatahi rānei e ahua pūpū, rapa rānei. He nui ake te tūponotanga o tēnei momo ki te riro hei mate pukupuku, ā, me tirotirohia nui atu.

He momo motuhake ano te leukoplakia huruhuru, e puta ana hei papatahi mā me te mata huruhuru, rite ki te huruhuru. Ko te nuinga o te kitenga o tēnei momo ki ngā tāngata he ngoikore o rātou pūnaha ārai mate, ā, ko te huaketo Epstein-Barr te take.

He aha ngā take o te leukoplakia?

Ka whanake te leukoplakia ina whakahekehia tonutia te paparinga o tō waha i te wa roa. Ka whakautu tō waha ki tēnei whakaheke tonu mā te whakaputa i ngā pūtau atu, ka hangaia ai ngā papatahi mā e tohu ana.

Ko ēnei ngā take tino noa:

• Te whakamahinga tapeka i tetahi momo (te whakakā, te ngau, te whakakī)
• Te inu waipiro nui
• Te whakaheke roa mai i ngā niho rapa, te mahi niho rānei
• Te ngau i te pāpaki, te whakamātau rānei i te arero
• Ngā niho kore-rite, ngā taputapu niho rānei
• Ngā kai pikipiki, waikawa rānei e kai ana i ia rā

Ko te tapeka tonu te take nui, e whakaatu ana ki te 80% o ngā keehi leukoplakia. Ka whakaheke tika ngā matū i roto i ngā hua tapeka i ngā kiko ngawari o tō waha, ina koa ki te puta te whakamahinga i ia rā i ngā marama, ngā tau rānei.

Ko ngā take iti ake te maha o ngā mate, ngā āhuatanga autoimmune, me ngā ngoikoretanga kai. I etahi wā, kaore e taea e ngā tākuta te kimi i te take motuhake, e kiia ana ko te leukoplakia idiopathic. Ka puta tenei i te 10-15% o ngā keehi, ā, ka mutu tonu i a ia ano ina tangohia ngā mea whakaheke.

Nō hea te haere ki te taote mō te leukoplakia?

Me haere koe ki te taote, ki te kaitoi niho rānei i te wa tonu ka kite koe i ngā papatahi mā i roto i tō waha kaore e ngaro i roto i ngā wiki e rua. Ko te aromatawai wawe ka āwhina i te whakatau tika me te tirotiro, ka homai ai te hua pai rawa atu ki a koe.

Whakatau rānei i tetahi wā ki te pānga atu koe i tētahi o ēnei tohu āwangawanga:

• Ngā papatahi mā e mau tonu ana neke atu i ngā wiki e rua
• Ngā papatahi e tupu ana, e rerekē ana te ahua rānei
• Ngā wāhi whero e whanake ana i roto i ngā papatahi mā
• Te mamae tonu, te ngawari rānei i te wāhi e pā ana
• Te uaua ki te kai, te horomi, te kōrero rānei
• Te ngawari, te wiri rānei kaore e pai ake

Kaua e tatari ki te kite koe i ngā papatahi whero, mā e whakaranu ana, na te mea e hiahia ana tēnei momo ki te tiaki hauora tonu. Ka taea e te whakaranu o ngā tae te tohu i ngā rerekētanga nui atu e hiahia ana ki te aromatawai tere me te maimoatanga pea.

Ahakoa he ahua kore kino ō papatahi, ka āwhina ngā tirotiro niho auau ki te hopu i ngā rerekētanga i te tīmatanga. Ka taea e tō kaitoi niho te whakaahua i ngā papatahi me te tirotiro i a rātou i te wa roa, he mea nui tenei mō te kite i ngā whanaketanga āwangawanga.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te leukoplakia?

He maha ngā take ka piki ake ō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te leukoplakia, ko etahi he maha atu te mana whakahaere i ētahi atu. Ko te mārama ki ēnei take tūponotanga ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i ngā whakatau e pā ana ki te aukati me te tirotiro.

Ko ēnei ngā take tūponotanga tino nui:

• Te whakamahinga tapeka (ka piki ake te tūponotanga ki te 6-10 wā)
• Te inu waipiro nui (ina koa ka whakaranuhia ki te tapeka)
• Ko te tane (e rua te maha o ngā tāne e whanake ana i te leukoplakia i ngā wāhine)
• Neke atu i te 40 tau te pakeke
• Te whakaheke roa o te waha mai i ngā raruraru niho
• Te ngoikore o te pūnaha ārai mate
• Te hītori whānau o te mate pukupuku waha

Ka hanga e te tapeka me te waipiro tētahi whakaranu tino kino. Ina whakamahia tahi, ka whakapikihia e rāua ngā pānga kino o tētahi ki tētahi, kaore i te tāpiri noa i a rāua, ka piki haere te tūponotanga.

Ka piki ake hoki te tūponotanga o ētahi āhuatanga hauora, tae atu ki te HIV/AIDS, te mate huka, me ngā mate autoimmune. Ka taea e ēnei āhuatanga te whakaiti i tō pūnaha ārai mate, te rerekē rānei o te ora o tō waha i te whakaheke.

I etahi wā, he mea nui ngā take ira, ina koa ki ngā whānau he hītori o ngā mate pukupuku waha. Ka whiwhi etahi tāngata i ngā rerekētanga i roto i ngā ira e pā ana ki te āhua o te tukatuka o rātou tinana i ngā matū tapeka, te whakatikatika rānei i ngā pūtau pakaru.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te leukoplakia?

Ko te raruraru tino nui o te leukoplakia ko te tūponotanga o te whanake o te mate pukupuku waha. Ahakoa ko te nuinga o ngā papatahi leukoplakia e noho ana he pai puta noa i te oranga o te tangata, ka taea e te 5-17% te huri hei mate pukupuku i te wa roa.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru matua hei matapaki:

• Te huri hei mate pukupuku pūtau squamous waha
• Te mamae tonu me te kore ngāwari
• Te uaua ki te kai i ētahi kai
• Ngā rerekētanga kōrero ki te nui ngā papatahi
• Ngā mate e puta ana i ngā wāhi e pā ana
• Te tohu mai i te whakaheke tonu

Ka rerekē te tūponotanga o te whanake o te mate pukupuku i runga i te momo me te wāhi o te leukoplakia. He nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā papatahi kore-taurite, ā, he nui ake te āwangawanga o ngā papatahi kei raro o te waha, kei ngā taha o te arero rānei i ngā papatahi kei runga i ngā pāpaki.

Ko ngā raruraru iti ake te nui, engari he raruraru tonu, ko te kore ngāwari tonu ina kai kai pikipiki, waikawa rānei. Ka kite etahi tāngata e whakaroa ana ngā papatahi nui ki to rātou kaha ki te kōrero mārama, ki te pai rānei ki ētahi kiko o te kai.

I etahi wā, ka taea e te leukoplakia te arahi ki ngā mate tonu ki te pakaru te kiko mātotoru, te pakaru rānei. Ko te nuinga o ēnei mate ka whakautu pai ki te maimoatanga, engari ka taea te kore ngāwari, ā, ka whakaroa pea te tukanga ora.

Me pēhea te aukati i te leukoplakia?

Ko te rongo pai, ko te nuinga o te leukoplakia ka taea te aukati mā te karo i ngā take matua o te whakaheke waha. Ko te nuinga o ngā rautaki aukati e aro ana ki te whakakore i te whakamahinga tapeka me te whakaiti i ētahi atu puna o te whakaheke roa.

Ko ēnei ngā kaupae aukati tino whai hua:

• Whakamutu i te whakamahinga tapeka katoa (te whakakā, te ngau tapeka, te whakakī)
• Whakaitihia te inu waipiro, te karo rānei katoa
• Whakahaere i te hauora waha pai
• Whakatika tere i ngā niho koi, pakaru rānei
• Kia tika te noho o ngā niho
• Kai kai rite e whai hua ana i ngā hua me ngā huawhenua
• Karohia te ngau pāpaki, te whakamātau arero rānei

Ko te mutu i te tapeka te tiaki nui rawa atu ki te leukoplakia. Ahakoa kua whakamahia e koe te tapeka mo ngā tau, ko te mutu inaianei ka whakaiti nui i tō tūponotanga, ā, ka āwhina pea i ngā papatahi o nāianei ki te pai ake, ki te ngaro rānei.

He mea nui te tiaki niho auau ki te aukati. Ka taea e tō kaitoi niho te kite me te whakatika i ngā puna whakaheke i mua i te whakaoho i ngā raruraru, pēnei i te mahi niho rapa, ngā taputapu kore-rite rānei.

Ka āwhina pea te kai e whai hua ana i ngā antioxidants mai i ngā hua me ngā huawhenua ki te tiaki i ngā kiko o tō waha. Ka whakaatu etahi rangahau e tautoko ana te kai hua o te hua A me te beta-carotene i te kiko waha hauora, ā, ka whakaiti pea i te tūponotanga o te mate pukupuku.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te leukoplakia?

Ko te whakatau i te leukoplakia ka tīmata ki te tirotiro tika i tō waha e te taote, e te kaitoi niho rānei. Ka titiro rātou ki ngā papatahi, ka pā atu ki a rātou ki te maihao karapu, ka uiui ki ō tohu me ō take tūponotanga.

Ko te tukanga whakatau i te nuinga o te wā e whai ana i ēnei kaupae:

1. Te tirotiro kanohi o ngā mata waha katoa
2. Te tirotiro tinana o ngā papatahi
3. Te arotake hītori hauora e aro ana ki te whakamahinga tapeka me te waipiro
4. Te whakaahua hei tuhi i ngā papatahi
5. Te biopsy ki te ahua āwangawanga ngā papatahi
6. Ngā whakamātau atu ki te hiahiatia kia whakakorehia ētahi atu āhuatanga

Ka ngana tuatahi tō taote ki te whakakore i ētahi atu āhuatanga ka taea te hanga i ngā papatahi mā, pēnei i te thrush, te lichen planus rānei. Ka ngana pea rātou ki te horoi ngawari i ngā papatahi ki te kite mena ka puta atu, ka tohu pea tēnei i tētahi whakatau rerekē.

Ki te ahua whakapae ngā papatahi, te pai ake rānei i muri i te tango i ngā mea whakaheke, ka tūtohutia e tō taote te biopsy. Ko te tikanga o tenei ko te tango i te tauira iti o te kiko hei tirotiro i raro i te microscope hei tirotiro i ngā pūtau koretake.

I etahi wā, ka whakamahi pea tō taote i ngā rama motuhake, i ngā tae rānei hei kite pai ake i ngā papatahi me te tohu i ngā wāhi e hiahia ana ki te aro nui atu. Ka āwhina ēnei hangarau ki te whakarite kaore he mea āwangawanga e ngaro i te wa o te tirotiro.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te leukoplakia?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te leukoplakia e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rahi, te wāhi, me te ahua o ngā papatahi, me ō take tūponotanga takitahi. Ko te kaupae tuatahi ko te tango atu i te puna whakaheke i hanga ai ngā papatahi.

Ko ēnei ngā huarahi maimoatanga noa:

• Te whakakore i te whakamahinga tapeka me te waipiro
• Te whakatika i ngā raruraru niho e whakaheke ana
• Te tirotiro auau me ngā tirotiro waipuke
• Te tango pokanga mō ngā papatahi tūponotanga nui
• Te rongoā laser mō ētahi momo papatahi
• Ngā rongoā waho i etahi wā

Ka pai ake te nuinga o ngā papatahi leukoplakia, ka ngaro rānei katoa ina mutu koe i te whakamahinga tapeka me te tango i ētahi atu puna whakaheke. Ka taea e tēnei tukanga te roa mai i ngā wiki ki ngā marama, no reira he mea nui te manawanui i tēnei wā ora.

Ki te kore ngā papatahi e pai ake, te ahua āwangawanga rānei, ka tūtohutia pea e tō taote te tango. Ka taea te mahi i tēnei mā te tango pokanga ngāwari, te rongoā laser, te whakamatao rānei ki te hau wai. Ko te nuinga o ēnei tukanga ka mahia ki te tari me te rongoā rohe.

Mō ngā papatahi e whakaatu ana i ngā tohu tīmatanga o ngā rerekētanga pūtau koretake, ka hiahiatia pea te maimoatanga nui atu. Ka korerohia e tō taote ngā kōwhiringa katoa ki a koe, ā, ka āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki ngā painga me ngā tūponotanga o ia huarahi.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te leukoplakia i te kāinga?

Ahakoa he mea nui te maimoatanga hauora mō te leukoplakia, he maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi i te kāinga hei tautoko i te ora me te aukati i te kino o te āhuatanga. Ka pai rawa te mahi o ēnei mahi tiaki kāinga me te tiaki hauora ngaio.

Ko ēnei ngā rautaki whakahaere kāinga whai hua:

• Whakamutu i te whakamahinga tapeka katoa i te wa tonu
• Karohia, whakaitihia rānei te inu waipiro
• Kai kai ngawari, kore-whakaheke
• Karohia ngā kai pikipiki, waikawa, rapa rānei
• Whakahaere i te hauora waha pai
• Whakamahia te horoi waha kore-waipiro
• Kia makuku kia mau te makuku o ngā kiko waha

Aro atu ki te kai i ngā kai ngawari kaore e whakaheke i ngā papatahi. Ko ngā kai ngawari pēnei i te yogurt, ngā smoothies, me ngā huawhenua tunua te nuinga o te wa e pai ana te whakaae, i te wa e karo ana i ngā mea pēnei i ngā kēmu, ngā hua citrus, ngā kai wera rawa rānei.

Kia ma tō waha mā te horoi ngawari mā te whakamahi i te tātarā niho ngawari. Ki te ahua rapa rawa te tātarā niho noa, whakamātauhia tētahi putanga ngawari, kore-fluoride rānei, ui atu rānei ki tō kaitoi niho mō ngā tūtohutanga.

Tirohia ngā papatahi i ia rā mā te titiro ki te whakaata me te mārama pai. Tuhia ngā rerekētanga i te rahi, te tae, te kiko rānei, ā, whakamōhiotia ēnei ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora i tō hui e whai ake nei.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taote?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui ka āwhina i te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i te whakatau tika me te tiaki tika. Ka āwhina hoki te whakarite pai ki a koe ki te mahara ki ngā korero nui ka pā pea ki tō mahere maimoatanga.

I mua i tō hui, kohikohia ēnei korero nui:

• Rārangi o ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri katoa e inu ana koe
• Te hītori katoa o te whakamahinga tapeka me te waipiro
• Te raupapa o te wā i kite tuatahi ai koe i ngā papatahi
• Ngā rerekētanga kua kitea e koe i roto i ngā papatahi
• Te hītori whānau o te mate pukupuku waha, ētahi atu mate pukupuku rānei
• Ngā pānui e hiahia ana koe ki te ui ki te taote

Kia pono ki tō whakamahinga tapeka me te waipiro, ahakoa kei te whakama koe. He mea nui tēnei mōhiohio mō te whakatau tika me te mahere maimoatanga, ā, e hiahia ana tō taote ki ngā korero tika hei āwhina i a koe.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi hoa whakawhirinaki, mema whānau rānei ki te hui. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui me te whakarato tautoko ngākau, ina koa ki te manukanuka koe mō te haerenga.

Tuhia ō pānui i mua kia kaua e wareware i a koe i te wa o te hui. Ko ngā pānui noa ko te uiui mō te tūponotanga mate pukupuku, ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga, me te aha e tatari ana i te wa o te tiaki e whai ake nei.

He aha te mea nui mō te leukoplakia?

Ko te leukoplakia tētahi āhuatanga ka taea te whakahaere e whakautu pai ana ki te kite wawe me te maimoatanga tika. Ko te mea nui rawa atu hei mahara ko te tango i te puna whakaheke, ina koa te tapeka, ka homai te tupono pai rawa atu mō te pai ake.

Ahakoa ka taea e te tūponotanga o te whanake mate pukupuku te ahua wehi, ko te tirotiro auau me te maimoatanga tere o ngā papatahi āwangawanga ka whakaiti nui i tēnei tūponotanga. Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata he leukoplakia kaore e whanake i te mate pukupuku, ina koa ina whai rātou i ngā tūtohu a tō rātou taote.

Ko tō whakauru kaha ki te maimoatanga he rerekētanga nui ki te hua. Mā te mutu i te whakamahinga tapeka, te pupuri i te hauora waha pai, me te pupuri i ngā hui niho auau, kei te tango koe i ngā kaupae kaha hei tiaki i tō hauora.

Kia mahara ka pai ake te leukoplakia ina tangohia ngā mea whakaheke. Kia manawanui ki te tukanga ora, kia pupuri i te kōrero whakatuwhera ki tō rōpū hauora mō ngā āwangawanga, ngā rerekētanga rānei e kitea ana e koe.

Ngā pānui e ui ana mō te leukoplakia

P1. Ka taea te ngaro i te leukoplakia i a ia ano?

Ae, ka taea te ngaro i te leukoplakia i a ia ano, ina koa ina tangohia e koe te puna whakaheke e hanga ana. Ko te 60-80% o ngā papatahi ka pai ake, ka mutu rānei katoa i muri i te mutu i te whakamahinga tapeka me te whakakore i ētahi atu mea whakaheke. Ko te nuinga o te wa ka roa tenei tukanga ora mai i ngā wiki ki ngā marama, no reira he mea nui te manawanui i te wa e ora ana ō kiko waha.

P2. He mate pukupuku tonu te leukoplakia?

Kāo, ehara te leukoplakia i te mate pukupuku tonu, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā papatahi kaore e riro hei mate pukupuku. Ko te 5-17% anake o ngā papatahi leukoplakia te huri hei mate pukupuku i te wa roa. Heoi, na te mea kei reira tēnei tūponotanga, ka tirotirohia e ngā tākuta ngā papatahi leukoplakia katoa, ā, ka tūtohu pea i te biopsy, te tango rānei mō ngā papatahi e ahua āwangawanga ana, te pai ake rānei ki te maimoatanga māori.

P3. Ka taea e te ahotea te hanga i te leukoplakia?

Kāo, ehara te ahotea i te hanga tika i te leukoplakia, engari ka taea te whakauru ki ngā tikanga e hanga ana. Ko ngā tāngata kei raro i te ahotea ka piki pea te whakamahinga tapeka, inu atu waipiro, te whanake rānei i ngā tikanga manukanuka pēnei i te ngau pāpaki, te wiri niho rānei. Ka taea e ēnei mahi e pā ana ki te ahotea te arahi ki te whakaheke roa e hanga ana i te leukoplakia.

P4. Kia pehea te roa te whanake o te leukoplakia?

Ko te nuinga o te wa ka whanake haere te leukoplakia i ngā marama, ngā tau rānei o te whakaheke tonu. Kaore koe e kite pea i ngā papatahi e puta ana i te po, engari ka kite koe i a rātou e puta ana i te wa e whakautu ana tō waha ki te whakaheke tonu. Ka rerekē te raupapa tika i runga i te kaha me te auau o te whakaheke, ko ngā kaiwhakamahi tapeka nui te nuinga o te wa e whanake ana ngā papatahi i te tere atu i ngā kaiwhakamahi iti.

P5. Ka taea te hoki mai te leukoplakia i muri i te maimoatanga?

Ae, ka taea te hoki mai te leukoplakia i muri i te maimoatanga ki te whakahoki koe i ngā tikanga i hanga ai i te tīmatanga, te whanake rānei i ngā puna hou o te whakaheke waha. Koia te take he mea nui ngā huringa noho roa, ina koa te karo i te tapeka me te waipiro, mō te aukati i te hokinga mai. Ka āwhina ngā tirotiro niho auau ki te hopu i ngā papatahi hou i te tīmatanga ina tino taea te maimoatanga.