He aha te Medulloblastoma? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te medulloblastoma tētahi momo mate pūngāwerewere roro e tupu ana i te cerebellum, arā, te wāhanga o tō roro e whakahaere ana i te taurite me te whakahaere. Ko te mate pūngāwerewere roro kino tino noa i ngā tamariki, ahakoa ka pā pea ki ngā pakeke hoki.

Ka tupu tēnei pūngāwerewere mai i ngā pūtau e awhina ana i te whanaketanga o te roro i ngā tau o te tamarikitanga. Ahakoa ka raru pea te whakarongo ki tēnei whakatau, he mea nui kia mōhio koe kua pai ake ngā maimoatanga i ngā tau kua pahure, ā, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e ora tonu ana i te ora hauora, i te ora whai hua i muri i te maimoatanga.

He aha ngā tohu o te medulloblastoma?

Ka tupu ngā tohu o te medulloblastoma na te mea ka tukino te pūngāwerewere i ngā wāhanga nui o te roro. Ka kite pea koe i ēnei tohu e puta ana i te iti, i te tere rānei.

Na te mea ka rerekē te wheako o ia tangata, he mea pai kia mārama koe ki te whānuitanga o ngā tohu ka puta. Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa hei titiro:

• Ngā mamae o te upoko e mau tonu ana, ina koa i te ata, i te takoto rānei
• Te ruaki me te ruaki, ina koa i te ata
• Ngā raruraru taurite, te uaua rānei ki te hikoi marie
• Te kore o te pūngāwerewere, te raruraru rānei ki te whakahaere
• Te tiro rua, te rerekētanga rānei o te tirohanga
• Te ngenge, te moe rānei
• Ngā huringa i te whāinga, i te ahua rānei
• Te uaua ki te aro, ki te mahara rānei

Ka puta ēnei tohu na te mea ka taea e te pūngāwerewere te aukati i te rere o te wai i roto i te roro, ka piki ake te pehanga.

I ētahi wā, ka pā pea ki a koe ētahi atu tohu kaore i te noa, pēnei i ngā hopu, ngā huringa o te rongohanga, te ngoikore rānei i te taha kotahi o te tinana. Ki te kite koe i tetahi whakakotahitanga o ēnei tohu e mau tonu ana mo te neke atu i ngā rā torutoru, he mea tika kia kōrero ki tō tākuta.

He aha ngā take o te medulloblastoma?

Kāore i tino mārama te take pono o te medulloblastoma, engari e whakapono ana ngā kairangahau ka tupu ina tīmata ngā pūtau roro ki te tupu kaore i te noa. Ko ēnei ngā pūtau e awhina ana i te hanganga o te roro i te wā o te whanaketanga.

Ko te nuinga o ngā take kaore he take mārama, ka āwangawanga pea tēnei ina rapu koe i ngā whakautu. Heoi, kua kitea e ngā kārehu etahi take pea e pā ana:

• Ngā huringa ira e puta ana i te koretake i te wā o te whanaketanga o te pūtau
• Ngā āhuatanga ira e tukuna ana, pēnei i te mate Gorlin, te mate Turcot rānei
• Te whakamahinga o te radiation ki te upoko i mua, ahakoa he iti rawa tēnei
• Ētahi momo whakawhiti ira e rere ana i roto i ngā whānau

He mea nui kia mōhio koe kaore te medulloblastoma i puta mai i tetahi mea i mahi koe, i kore rānei e mahi. Kāore e pā, kāore hoki i puta mai i te kai, i ngā whiringa noho ora, i ngā take taiao rānei i taea e koe te whakahaere.

Ko te nuinga o ngā take ka puta noa iho, arā, ka puta noa atu i te whakawhitia.

He aha ngā momo medulloblastoma?

Ka wehewehe ngā tākuta i te medulloblastoma ki ngā momo rerekē i runga i te ahua o ngā pūtau pūngāwerewere i raro i te microscope me ō rātou āhuatanga ira. Ko te mōhiotanga ki tō momo motuhake ka awhina i tō rōpū hauora ki te whakarite i te maimoatanga tino whai hua.

Ko ēnei ngā momo matua:

• Medulloblastoma noa - te momo tino noa me te ahua pūtau noa
• Medulloblastoma desmoplastic - he nui ake te kiko muka, ā, he pai ake te tirohanga
• Medulloblastoma pūtau nui - kei roto ngā pūtau nui ake, kaore i te noa
• Medulloblastoma anaplastic - he tino rerekē, he tere te tupu o ngā pūtau

I na tata nei, ka whakarōpūhia hoki e ngā tākuta ngā medulloblastomas i runga i ō rātou āhuatanga molecular, arā, te titiro ki ngā huringa ira motuhake i roto i ngā pūtau pūngāwerewere. Ko tēnei pūnaha wehewehenga hou kei roto ngā pūngāwerewere WNT, SHH, Rōpū 3, me te Rōpū 4.

Ka whakamārama tō tākuta ko wai tō momo, me te tikanga mō tō mahere maimoatanga. Ka rerekē te whakautu o ia momo ki te maimoatanga, na reira ka awhina tēnei mōhiohio ki te hanga i tetahi huarahi whaiaro ki tō tiaki.

Nōhea te toro atu ki te tākuta mō ngā tohu medulloblastoma?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta ki te pāngia koe e ngā mamae o te upoko e mau tonu ana me te ruaki, ina koa ki te kino ake ēnei tohu i te ata. Ko tēnei whakakotahitanga he tohu pea e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora.

Kaua e tatari ki te kite koe i ngā raruraru taurite, ngā huringa o te tirohanga, te uaua rānei ki te whakahaere kaore e pai ake i roto i ngā rā torutoru. Ko ēnei tohu, ina koa ka puta tahi, he mea tika kia tirotirohia wawe.

Rapua te tiaki hauora wawe ki te pāngia koe e ngā mamae o te upoko nui e rerekē ana i tetahi atu mamae o te upoko kua pā ki a koe i mua, te ruaki anō kaore he take mārama pēnei i te mate, te huringa ohorere rānei o te mohio, o te mataara rānei.

Mō ngā tamariki, kia titiro ki ngā huringa i te whāinga, i te mahi kura, i ngā tohu whanaketanga rānei. I ētahi wā, ko ngā tohu tuatahi i ngā tamariki iti pea he piki ake o te raruraru, ngā huringa i ngā tikanga kai, te heke rānei i ngā pūkenga kua akohia e rātou.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te medulloblastoma?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e whāngaia ana e te medulloblastoma kaore he take morearea mārama, arā, ka taea te pā ki te tangata. Heoi, he maha ngā take ka piki ake pea te tūponotanga o te whāngai i tēnei pūngāwerewere.

Ko te tau te take tino nui hei mōhio. Ko ēnei ngā take morearea matua kua kitea e ngā tākuta:

• He tamaiti, he taitamariki rānei (tino noa i waenganui i ngā tau 3-8)
• He tane (tino noa i ngā tama me ngā tāne)
• He mate ira pēnei i te mate Gorlin
• Te hītori whānau o ngā mate pūngāwerewere roro, ahakoa he iti rawa tēnei
• Te maimoatanga radiation ki te upoko, ki te roro rānei i mua

He mea nui kia mahara kaore tetahi mea, te maha rānei o ngā take morearea e kī ana ka whāngai koe i te medulloblastoma. He tokomaha ngā tāngata he take morearea kei a rātou kaore e whiwhi pūngāwerewere, ā, ko ētahi atu kaore he take morearea e mohiotia ana.

Ko ngā mate ira e hono ana ki te medulloblastoma he iti rawa. Ahakoa he hītori whānau o ngā mate pūngāwerewere roro, ko te nuinga o ngā medulloblastomas ka puta noa atu kaore he wāhanga whakawhitia.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te medulloblastoma?

Ka taea e te medulloblastoma te whakaeke i ngā raruraru mai i te pūngāwerewere anō, mai hoki i ngā maimoatanga. Ko te mōhiotanga ki ēnei wāhi pea ka awhina i a koe ki te whakarite, ki te mahi tahi rānei me tō rōpū hauora ki te whakahaere pai.

Ka taea e te pūngāwerewere anō te whakaeke i ngā raruraru maha i te wā e tupu ana:

• Hydrocephalus (te kohikohi o te wai i roto i te roro e piki ake ai te pehanga)
• Ngā raruraru ki te taurite me te whakahaere ka mau tonu pea
• Ngā raruraru tirohanga, rongohanga rānei
• Ngā huringa hinengaro e pā ana ki te mahara, te aro, te ako rānei
• Ngā raruraru tipu me te whanaketanga i ngā tamariki
• Ngā hopu, ahakoa he iti rawa tēnei

Ka puta hoki ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te maimoatanga, ahakoa ko ngā tikanga hou e whai ana ki te whakaiti i ēnei. Ka taea e te pokanga te whakaeke i te pupuhi wā poto, te mate rānei, he iti rawa.

Ko ngā pānga roa pea ko ngā raruraru ako, te ngaro o te rongohanga, te raruraru tipu rānei, ina koa i ngā tamariki kei te whanake tonu ō rātou roro. Heoi, ka taea te whakahaere i te nuinga o ēnei raruraru me te tiaki tautoko me te whakaora.

Ka tirotiro tata atu tō rōpū hauora ki a koe mō tetahi raruraru, ka mahi rānei ki te aukati, ki te whakaora wawe rānei i a rātou. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e pāngia ana e ngā pānga roa iti, te whakahaere rānei, ina koa me ngā huarahi maimoatanga o nāianei.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te medulloblastoma?

Ko te whakatau i te medulloblastoma kei roto i ngā mahi maha hei tiki i tetahi whakaahua tino pai o te mea kei te puta i roto i tō roro. Ka tīmata tō tākuta me te kōrero taipitopito mo ō tohu me te whakamātautau tinana.

Ko te tukanga whakatau i te nuinga o te wā kei roto i ēnei mahi matua:

1. Te whakamātautau neurological hei whakamātautau i te taurite, te whakahaere, ngā whakautu, me te mahi hinengaro
2. Te tātaritanga MRI o te roro me te tuaiwi hei kimi me te ine i te pūngāwerewere
3. Te tātaritanga CT ki te hiahiatia ngā whakaahua wheua taipitopito ake
4. Te whakakī lumbar (te tātaritanga tuaiwi) hei tirotiro i ngā pūtau pūngāwerewere i roto i te wai tuaiwi
5. Te biopsy, te pokanga tango pūngāwerewere rānei hei tirotiro i ngā pūtau i raro i te microscope
6. Te whakamātautau molecular hei whakatau i te momo medulloblastoma motuhake

Ko te MRI te whakamātautau tino nui i te nuinga o te wā, na te mea ka whakaatuhia te rahi o te pūngāwerewere, te wāhi, me te hononga ki ngā hanganga roro e karapoti ana. Ka awhina te tātaritanga tuaiwi ki te whakatau mena kua horapa te pūngāwerewere ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te pūnaha io.

He mea nui te tiki i te tauira kiko hei whakau i te whakatau, hei whakatau rānei i te momo medulloblastoma motuhake. Ka puta tēnei i te nuinga o te wā i te wā o te pokanga hei tango i te pūngāwerewere, na reira ka puta tahi te whakatau me te maimoatanga tuatahi.

Ka tono pea tō rōpū hauora i ētahi atu whakamātautau pēnei i ngā whakamātautau rongohanga, te tirotiro taumata homoni rānei hei aromatawai i te āhua o te pūngāwerewere ki ētahi atu mahi o te tinana.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te medulloblastoma?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te medulloblastoma i te nuinga o te wā kei roto i te whakakotahitanga o te pokanga, te rongoā radiation, me te chemotherapy. Ko te mahere motuhake e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā take pēnei i te momo pūngāwerewere, tō wāhi, tō tau, me tō hauora whānui.

Ko te pokanga te mahi tuatahi i te nuinga o te wā, ā, e whai ana ki te tango i te nui o te pūngāwerewere e taea ai te ora. Ka mahi ngāwari tō neurosurgeon ki te tiaki i ngā mahi roro nui i te wā e tangohia ana te kiko pūngāwerewere.

I muri i te pokanga, ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e whiwhi ana i ētahi atu maimoatanga:

• Te rongoā radiation hei whakakino i ngā pūtau pūngāwerewere e toe ana i te roro, i te tuaiwi rānei i ētahi wā
• Chemotherapy mā te whakamahi i ngā rongoā ka taea te haere ki te roro hei whakamate i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku
• Te chemotherapy nui me te whakaora pūtau pūtake mō ētahi take morearea nui
• Ngā rongoā whakautu mō ngā momo pūngāwerewere motuhake

Mō ngā tamariki kei raro iho i te 3 tau, ka whakaroa, ka karo rānei ngā tākuta i te radiation ki te taea, na te pānga ki te roro e whanake ana. I te wāhi, ka whakamahi pea rātou i te chemotherapy nui, i ngā maimoatanga whakautu hou rānei.

Ko te raupapa maimoatanga i te nuinga o te wā e 6-12 marama, ahakoa ka rerekē tēnei i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake. I te wā o te maimoatanga, ka mahi tahi koe me tetahi rōpū o ngā tohunga, tae atu ki ngā neurosurgeons, ngā oncologists, ngā tohunga radiation, me ngā kaimahi tautoko.

Kua pai ake ngā hua o ngā huarahi maimoatanga hou, ā, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e tutuki ana i te whakaora roa. Ka tirotiro tata atu tō rōpū hauora ki a koe i te wā o te maimoatanga, i muri i te maimoatanga rānei hei whakarite i ngā hua pai rawa.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tohu i te wā o te maimoatanga medulloblastoma?

Ko te whakahaere i ngā tohu i te wā o te maimoatanga ka awhina i a koe kia pai ake te noho, kia mau tonu hoki tō kaha mō te ora. Ka hoatu e tō rōpū hauora ngā aratohu motuhake, engari he maha ngā huarahi whānui ka taea te awhina.

Mō ngā mamae o te upoko me te ruaki, ka tono pea tō tākuta i ngā rongoā hei whakaiti i te pupuhi o te roro me te whakahaere i te ruaki. Ko te tango i ēnei rongoā penei i te aratohu, ahakoa kei te pai ake koe, ka awhina i te aukati i ngā tohu mai i te hokinga mai.

Ko ēnei ētahi mahi tautoko ka taea te awhina:

• Te okioki i roto i te ruma mārama, ngāwari
• Te kai i ngā kai iti, maha hei awhina i te ruaki
• Te noho makuku mā te inu wai mārama i te rā katoa
• Te whakamahi i ngā taputapu nekehanga pēnei i ngā pou, ngā taputapu hikoi rānei ki te pāngia te taurite
• Te whai i tetahi mahi whakakori ngāwari penei i te whakaaetia e tō rōpū hauora
• Te tango i ngā rongoā mō te mamae, te ruaki, te hopu rānei penei i te whakahaua

Ki te pāngia koe e ngā raruraru taurite, ka tino awhina te rongoā tinana. Ka taea e te kaiwhakaora tinana te whakaako i a koe i ngā mahi whakakori me ngā tikanga hei whakapai ake i te pumau me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te hinga.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te korero ki tō rōpū hauora mō tetahi tohu kei te pāngia koe. Ka taea e rātou te whakarereke i ngā rongoā, te whakarato rānei i ētahi atu tautoko hei awhina i a koe kia pai ake te noho i te wā o te maimoatanga.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō ō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō ō hui hauora ka awhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te hua pai rawa atu i tō wā me te rōpū hauora. Ko te whai i ngā mōhiohio whakarite me ngā pātai ka pai ake te whakaputa i te haerenga mō te katoa.

I mua i tō hui, tuhia ō tohu katoa, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou me te āhua o te huringa i te wā. Kia tuhia he aha te mea e pai ake ai, te kino rānei, me ētahi tauira kua kitea e koe.

Ko ēnei ngā mea hei kawea me te whakarite:

• Rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā, ngā taapiri, me ngā huaora katoa kei te tango koe
• Ngā kāri inihua me ētahi atu puka tohutoro e hiahiatia ana
• Ngā rēkōta hauora o mua, ngā hua whakamātautau, ngā tātaritanga whakaahua rānei
• Rārangi o ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui
• Tetahi hoa whakawhirinaki, te mema whānau rānei mō te tautoko me te awhina ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio
• Pukapuka, waea rānei hei tuhi i ngā tuhi i te wā o te hui

Whakaarohia te ui mo ngā whiringa maimoatanga, ngā pānga taha e tumanakohia ana, te raupapa mō te ora, me te mea e tumanakohia ana i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tiaki. Kaua e manukanuka ki te ui i ngā pātai maha - e hiahia ana tō rōpū hauora kia mārama koe ki tō āhuatanga me te maimoatanga.

Ki te āwangawanga koe, te pouri rānei, he mea noa tēnei. Kia whakamārama atu ki tō rōpū hauora te āhua o tō ngākau - he wheako nui rātou i te whakarato i te tiaki hauora me te tautoko ngākau i ngā wā uaua.

He aha te mea nui mō te medulloblastoma?

Ko te medulloblastoma he mate pūngāwerewere roro kino engari ka taea te whakaora e pā ana ki ngā tamariki me ngā taitamariki. Ahakoa ka raru pea te whakarongo ki tēnei whakatau, he mea nui kia mōhio koe kua pai ake ngā hua maimoatanga i ngā tekau tau kua pahure.

Ko te mea nui hei mahara ko te kore koe e noho kotahi i tēnei haerenga. He wheako nui tō rōpū hauora i te maimoatanga i te medulloblastoma, ka mahi tata atu rātou ki a koe hei whakawhanake i te mahere maimoatanga pai rawa atu mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ko te kitenga wawe o ngā tohu me te maimoatanga wawe ka hoatu ki a koe te tūponotanga pai rawa atu mō te hua angitu. He tokomaha ngā tāngata kua maimoatia mō te medulloblastoma e ora tonu ana i te ora roa, hauora me ngā pānga roa iti.

Aro atu ki te tango i ngā mea kotahi i te wā, te whai i tō mahere maimoatanga, me te whakawhirinaki ki tō pūnaha tautoko o te whānau, o ngā hoa, me ngā kaiwhakarato hauora. Me te tiaki hauora tika me te tautoko, he take katoa hei tumanako mō tō heke mai.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te medulloblastoma

He mate mate tonu te medulloblastoma?

Kāo, ehara te medulloblastoma i te mate mate tonu. Me ngā maimoatanga o nāianei, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e tutuki ana i te whakaora roa, e ora ana i ngā tau ora noa. Kua pai ake ngā reiti ora, ina koa mō ngā take morearea noa. Ko te tirohanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā take pēnei i te tau, te momo pūngāwerewere, me te nui o te pūngāwerewere ka taea te tango i te pokanga.

Ka hoki mai te medulloblastoma i muri i te maimoatanga?

Ahakoa ka taea te hokinga mai o te medulloblastoma, ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e whakaoti ana i te maimoatanga ka noho kore mate pukupuku mo te wā roa. Ka tirotiro atu tō rōpū hauora ki a koe me ngā tātaritanga me ngā tirotiro kia kite wawe i tetahi hokinga mai. Ki te hokinga mai, he maha ngā whiringa maimoatanga atu e wātea ana.

Ka pāngia te ako o taku tamaiti i muri i te maimoatanga medulloblastoma?

Ka pāngia pea te ako, te hinengaro rānei o ētahi tamariki i muri i te maimoatanga, ina koa ki te whiwhi rongoā radiation i te wā iti. Heoi, he tokomaha ngā tamariki e pai ana te whakarite, e angitu ana i te kura me te tautoko tika. Ka taea e tō rōpū hauora te hono atu ki a koe ki ngā tohunga mātauranga me ngā ratonga whakaora hei awhina i te whakapai ake i te whanaketanga o tō tamaiti.

E hia te roa o te maimoatanga medulloblastoma?

Ko te maimoatanga i te nuinga o te wā e 6-12 marama, tae atu ki te pokanga, te rongoā radiation, me te chemotherapy. Ko te raupapa tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō mahere maimoatanga motuhake me te pai o tō whakautu ki te rongoā. Ka taea te haere tonu te ora me te whakaora mō ētahi atu marama i te wā e ora ake ai koe me te mahi.

Ka taea e ngā pakeke te whiwhi medulloblastoma?

Ae, ahakoa he iti rawa, ka taea e ngā pakeke te whāngai i te medulloblastoma. Ko ngā take pakeke i te nuinga o te wā he rerekē ngā āhuatanga i ngā pūngāwerewere tamariki, ā, pea ka hiahiatia ngā huarahi maimoatanga whakarereke. Ko ngā turoro pakeke i te nuinga o te wā ka pai ake te whakaae ki te rongoā radiation i ngā tamariki, ka taea te wāhanga o te painga maimoatanga.