He aha te Melanoma? Ngā Tōmhanga, Ngā Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te melanoma tētahi momo mate pūngāwerewere kiri e puta ana ina tipu kino ngā melanocytes, arā, ngā pūtau e hanga ana i te tae o tō kiri, ka riro hei mate pūngāwerewere. Ahakoa he iti ake te nui o te melanoma i ētahi atu mate pūngāwerewere kiri, he kino ake te melanoma nā te mea ka horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana ki te kore e kitea i te wā.

Ko te rongo pai, ki te kitea te melanoma i ōna wā tīmata, ka taea te whakaora pai me ngā reiti ora pai. Ko te mārama ki te mea hei titiro me te tango i ngā mahi aukati ka taea te whakakotahi i te rerekētanga ki te tiaki i tō hauora.

He aha te melanoma?

Ka tīmata te melanoma i ngā melanocytes, arā, ngā pūtau motuhake e hanga ana i te melanin, te tae e homai ana i te tae o tō kiri. Ka kitea ēnei pūtau puta noa i tō kiri, engari ko te melanoma te nuinga o te wā ka puta ki ngā wāhi kua whakahekea ki te rā.

Kāore i rite ki ētahi atu mate pūngāwerewere kiri e noho ana i tētahi wāhi, he kaha te melanoma ki te horapa puta noa i tō pūnaha lymph me te toto ki ētahi atu whekau. Nō reira, he mea nui te kite wawe me te maimoatanga mō te hua pai rawa atu.

Ka taea te whanake o te melanoma mai i te taonga kei te noho, kei te puta rānei hei pūāhua hou ki tō kiri. Ka taea te puta i ngā wāhi katoa o tō tinana, tae atu ki ngā wāhi kaore e kitea te rā, pēnei i ngā paparinga o ō waewae, ngā ringa o ō ringaringa, kei raro rānei i ō niho.

He aha ngā tohu o te melanoma?

Ko te mea nui rawa atu hei titiro atu ko tetahi huringa i tō kiri, inā koa i ngā taonga kei te noho, i ngā pūāhua hou rānei e puta mai ana. Kei te tuku tonu to tinana i ngā tohu ki a koe, ā, ko te aro ki ēnei huringa ka āwhina i te hopu i te melanoma i te wā e taea ai te whakaora pai.

Ko te ture ABCDE he huarahi whai hua hei maumahara ki ngā huringa hei titiro atu:

• Korekore: Tetahi taha o te taera e kore e rite ki tetahi atu taha
• Te rohe koretake: He koretake nga taha, he kōwhatu ranei, he kore ranei te whakatau
• Te rerekētanga o te tae: E kore te tae e rite ana, ā, ka uru pea ngā āhua o te parauri, te pango, te whero, te ma, te kikorangi rānei
• Te whānuitanga: He nui ake te waahi i te 6 mm (āhua rite te rahi o te taha o te pene)
• Te whanaketanga: Kei te huri te taera i te rahi, te āhua, te tae, te āhua rānei

I tua atu i ngā tohu ABCDE, ka kite pea koe i ētahi atu tohu e tika ana kia arohia. He mea whakaaro nui tētahi taera e ngau ana, e mamae ana, e mamae ana rānei. I etahi wa ka toto, ka rere, ka whanake ranei he mata kakā te melanoma.

I etahi wā, ka puta te melanoma i ngā wāhi kaore pea koe e tumanako. I raro i ō niho ringa, i ō niho waewae rānei, ka puta pea hei raina pouri. I runga i ngā papa o ō ringa, i ngā papa o ō waewae rānei, ka rite pea ki te waahi pouri kaore e ngaro.

Ka wheako etahi i te mea e kiia nei ko te melanoma amelanotic, kaore he tae pouri noa. Ka puta pea enei whara he papura, he whero, he tae kikokiko rānei, ka uaua ai te mohio ki a rātou hei melanoma pea.

He aha ngā momo melanoma?

He maha ngā momo melanoma, he motuhake ngā āhuatanga o ia momo. Ka āwhina te mārama ki ēnei rerekētanga kia mohio koe ki te mea me titiro atu, me te mea pea kei te aromatawaihia e tō tākuta.

Ko te melanoma horapa whānui te momo tino noa, e 70% pea o ngā melanoma katoa. Ka tīmata noa i te paparanga tae kore ranei he iti teitei e tipu haere ana i waho i te mata o te kiri i mua i te tomo hohonu.

Ka puta te melanoma nodular hei pupuhi, hei nodule rānei, ā, ka tere ake te tipu i ētahi atu momo. Ka rite tonu ki te tipu pakari, te āhua porowhita e taea te pango, te kikorangi, te whero rānei te tae.

Ko te melanoma lentigo maligna te nuinga o te wā ka puta ki ngā tāngata pakeke i runga i te kiri kua pakaru i te rā, inā te mata, te kaki, te ringa rānei. Ka tīmata pea hei paparanga whero nui, papatahi, ka puea haere te rahi i roto i ngā marama, ngā tau rānei.

He iti ake te noho o te melanoma lentiginous acral, engari he mea nui kia mōhiotia, nā te mea ka pā ki ngā wāhi kahore he rā nui. Ka puta tēnei i runga i ngā ringa, ngā waewae, i raro rānei i ngā māku, ā, ka kitea atu ki ngā tāngata he tae kiri pouri.

He momo onge ano, pēnei i te melanoma amelanotic, kahore he tae, ā, ka puta he whero, he pango rānei, me te melanoma desmoplastic, ka rite pea ki te toka, ā, ka puta ki ngā wāhi kua pakaru i te rā o ngā tāngata pakeke.

He aha ngā take o te melanoma?

Ka puta te melanoma ina pā te kino o te DNA ki ngā melanocytes, ka puea ai te tipu me te wehewehe. Ahakoa ehara i te mea mārama tonu te take, kua kitea e ngā kairangahau etahi take e āwhina ana ki tēnei kino o te DNA.

Ko te pā o te rā UV te take matua o te melanoma. Ka taea e ngā rei UVA me UVB te kino i te DNA i roto i ngā pūtau kiri, ā, ka taea te kohikohi o tēnei kino i te wā.

Ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te melanoma mā ngā puna UV hanga, pēnei i ngā moenga tāne. Ka taea e te pā o te UV nui mai i ēnei taputapu te kino i te DNA, pēnei i te rā, engari he kaha ake.

He wāhi anō te hanganga ira. Ka whiwhi etahi i ngā rerekētanga ira e whakapakari ana i te tūponotanga o te melanoma ina pā te rā UV. Ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te maha o ngā māku, inā ngā māku koretake, ngā māku dysplastic rānei.

Ko te kiri mā e ngāwari ana te tahuna tētahi atu take tūponotanga, nā te mea he iti te melanin tiaki. Engari, ka taea tonu e ngā tāngata he kiri pouri te whiwhi melanoma, inā ngā wāhi pēnei i ngā ringa, ngā waewae, ngā moenga māku rānei, kāhore te rā te take matua.

Ko te mate pūngāwerewere o mua, tae atu ki ngā mate pūngāwerewere melanoma me ngā mate pūngāwerewere ehara i te melanoma, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te whanake i ētahi atu mate pūngāwerewere. Ka taea hoki e te pūnaha mate pūngāwerewere ngoikore, ahakoa mai i ngā āhuatanga hauora, te rongoā rānei, te whakawehi atu i a koe.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō ngā āwangawanga melanoma?

Me haere koe ki te taote mēnā ka kite koe i ētahi tohu hou i tō kiri, i ngā huringa rānei i ngā taonga kei te noho. Ko te kite wawe te parekura pai rawa atu mō te melanoma, ā, kua whakangungua ngā kaiwhakarato hauora ki te kite i ngā āhuatanga āwangawanga ka kore pea e kitea e koe.

Kaua e tatari mēnā ka kite koe i ētahi o ngā tohu whakatūpato ABCDE i roto i te taonga, i te tohu rānei. Ahakoa kaore koe e tino mohio kei te āwangawanga tetahi mea, he pai tonu te tirotiro e tetahi tohunga ka taea te aromatawai tika.

Whakaritea he whakatau mēnā he tohu kei a koe e rerekē ana te ahua mai i ō taonga atu, i te tohu 'manu kaka' te karangatanga. Ko te taonga e tu ana hei mea rereke atu i ō taonga atu e tika ana kia whakarongohia e te taote.

Rapua te tiaki hauora wawe mēnā he taonga kei a koe e toto ana, e ngau ana tonu, e ngawari ana rānei ki te pa. Ka taea e ēnei tohu te tohu i ngā huringa e hiahia ana ki te aromatawai tohunga.

Mēnā he take morearea kei a koe penei i te hītori whānau o te melanoma, he maha ngā taonga, i te mate pūngāwerewere o mua rānei, whakaarohia ngā tirotiro kiri auau ki te dermatologist ahakoa kaore koe i kite i ngā huringa motuhake. Ka taea e rātou te whakatū i te turanga me te aroturuki i tō kiri i te wa.

Mō ngā āwangawanga ohorere penei i te pakaru e huri haere ana, i tetahi e toto nui ana rānei, kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu awhina hauora tonu. Ko tō rangimarie me tō hauora te utu mō te haerenga.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te melanoma?

Ko te mārama ki ō take morearea ka āwhina i a koe ki te tango i ngā mahi aukati tika me te noho mataara ki ngā huringa kiri. Ko ētahi take morearea ka taea e koe te whakahaere, ko ētahi atu he wāhanga o ō āhuatanga taiao, i te hītori whānau rānei.

Ko ēnei ngā take tino tūpono e piki ai te tūponotanga o te whanaketanga o te melanoma:

• Kiri mā, makawe mā, me ngā kanohi mā: He iti te melanin, ko te tikanga he iti te tiaki tūturu i te radiation UV
• Hītori o ngā tahunga rā: Ko ngā tahunga kino rānei, ko ngā mea i puta i te wā tamariki rānei
• Te whakamahinga nui o te rā: Ngā whakamahinga roa me ngā whakamahinga kaha, koretake
• Te whakamahinga o te moenga tāniko: Ka piki te tūponotanga ki te whakamahinga o te radiation UV
• He maha ngā whetu: Neke atu i te 50 whetu, kāore rānei he whetu rerekē
• Hītori whānau: He whānau kei a rātou te melanoma, kāore rānei etahi mate kiri
• Hītori whaiaro: Melanoma o mua, kāore rānei etahi mate kiri
• Tau: Ka piki te tūponotanga me te pakeketanga, ahakoa ka puta te melanoma i tetahi tau
• Te pūnaha ārai ngoikore: Mai i ngā rongoā, ngā āhuatanga hauora, kāore rānei ngā whakawhiti whekau

He tokomaha ngā tāngata he āhuatanga ira tino onge e piki nui ai te tūponotanga o te melanoma. Kei roto i ēnei te xeroderma pigmentosum, e tino ngawari ai te kiri ki te radiation UV, me te familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome.

Ko te noho i ngā teitei teitei, kāore rānei i ngā āhuarangi rā nui ka piki hoki te whakamahinga o te radiation UV. Ahakoa ngā take penei i te whai whetu, kāore rānei e taea te tāniko ka tohu i te nui o te tūponotanga ki te kino UV.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te melanoma?

Ina mau wawe, he tino whakaora te melanoma me ngā hua pai. Heoi, ko te mārama ki ngā raruraru pea ka āwhina i a koe ki te mohio he aha te take e nui ai te kite wawe me te ātete tika mō tō hauora roa.

Ko te raruraru tino kino ka puta ina horapa te melanoma i tua atu i te waahi taketake. Ko tenei tukanga, e kiia nei ko te metastasis, ka taea te puta mā tō pūnaha lymphatic, kāore rānei te toto, e tuku ana i ngā pūtau mate ki te tae atu ki ngā whekau tawhiti.

Ko ngā wāhi noa e pāhingatia ai te melanoma ko:

• Ngā pūhui lymphatic: Ko te nuinga o te wā ko te wāhi tuatahi e horapa ai te melanoma, e pā ana ki ngā pūhui e tata ana ki te mate pūngāwerewere taketake
• Ngā pūkahukahu: Ka taea te whakaeke i ngā raruraru o te manawa, te maremare tonu, te mamae ranei o te uma
• Te ate: Ka taea te arahi ki te mamae o te kopu, te ruaki, te rerekētanga ranei o te mahi ate
• Te roro: Ka taea te whakaeke i ngā mamae o te mahunga, ngā āwangawanga, ngā tohu neurological ranei
• Ngā wheua: Ka taea te hua i te mamae, te whati, ētahi atu raru ranei e pā ana ki te wheua
• Ētahi atu wāhi kiri: Ka taea te puta mai o ngā tohu melanoma hou i tawhiti atu i te wāhi taketake

Ka taea hoki te puta mai o ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te rongoā, ahakoa ka rerekē te ahua o aua raruraru i runga i ngā rongoā motuhake ka whiwhi koe. Ka taea e te pokanga te waiho i ngā tohu, i roto rānei i ngā take whānui, te hiahia kia whakawhānuitia te kiri, te mahi hanga hou ranei.

E kore hoki e tika te whakakore i te pānga o te ngākau. Ka taea e te tātaritanga melanoma te whakaeke i te awangawanga, te pouri, te wehi ranei mō te heke mai. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e kite ana i ngā rōpū tautoko, i te tohutohu ranei hei awhina i te whakahaere i ēnei kare-a-roto.

I roto i ngā take onge, ka whanake ngā tāngata i ngā melanoma matua maha, arā, ka puta mai ngā melanoma hou, kore hononga i te wā. Koia te take e noho tonu ai te tirotiro haere tonu me te tiaki kiri hei mea nui ahakoa i muri i te whakaora angitu.

Me pēhea te aukati i te melanoma?

He maha ngā melanoma ka taea te aukati mā ngā tikanga tiaki rā whakaaro nui me te tirotiro kiri auau. Ko te mea nui ko te tiaki ia koe i te pā o te UV i te wā e mōhiotia ana ngā huringa o tō kiri i te wā.

Ko te tiaki rā te turanga o te aukati melanoma. Whakamahia te sunscreen whānui-whanui me te SPF 30 noa atu i ia rā, ehara i te wā noa iho o ngā haerenga takutai. Tāpirihia nui, ka whakamahi anō i ia rua haora, i muri ranei i te kaukau, i te werawera ranei.

Rapua te āti i ngā hāora UV nui, i te nuinga i waenganui i te 10 AM me te 4 PM. Ina kei waho koe, kakahuria ngā kakahu tiaki tae atu ki ngā potae whā-pū, ngā koti ringa-roa, me ngā karāhe rā e ārai ana i ngā hihi UV.

Kaua rawa e whakamahi i ngā moenga tāne. Kāhore he nui o te whakamahinga UV mahi e whakaaetia ana he haumaru, ā, ka piki haere te tūponotanga o te melanoma me te whakamahinga o ngā moenga tāne, ina koa ka tīmata i te tamarikitanga.

Whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau kiri ake i ia marama. Whai māramatanga ki ō kamo me ō pūngāwerewere kia taea ai e koe te kite i ngā huringa. Whakamahia he kōtaha, kei tetahi atu rānei hei āwhina i te tirotiro i ngā wāhi kaore e taea e koe te kite ngāwari.

Whakaarohia ngā whakamātautau kiri ngaio, ina koa ki te whai koe i ngā take morearea pēnei i te kiri mā, he maha ngā kamo, te hītori whānau rānei o te mate pūngāwerewere. Ka taea e tō taote kiri te tūtohutia he kaupapa whakamātautau e tika ana kia rite ki tō morearea whaiaro.

Tīakina te kiri o ngā tamariki mā te atawhai, mai i te whakamahinga o te rā i te tamarikitanga me ngā tahunga ka piki haere te morearea o te melanoma i muri mai. He nui atu te ngawari o te kiri o ngā tamariki, ā, ko ngā tikanga pai o te tiaki rā i whakatūria i te timatanga ka roa te ora.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te melanoma?

Ko te whakatau i te melanoma te nuinga ka tīmata me te tirohanga kanohi o tō kiri e te kaiwhakarato hauora. Ka titiro rātou ki te pūngāwerewere e awangawanga ana, ka tirotiro i tō mata kiri katoa hei tirotiro i ētahi atu wāhi whakapae.

Mēnā he whakapae te ahua o te pūngāwerewere, ka tino mahi tō taote i te biopsy. Ka whakauruhia tenei ki te tango i te katoa, i tetahi wāhanga rānei o te kiko whakapae kia taea ai te tirotiro i raro i te microscope e te tohunga e kiia nei ko te pathologist.

He momo biopsy rerekē kei reira e whakaemi ana ki te rāhi me te wāhi o te pūngāwerewere. Ka tangohia e te biopsy excisional te mate katoa me te iti o te kiri noa. Ka whakamahi te biopsy punch i te taputapu porowhita hei tango i te iti, te hohonu o te kiko.

Ka tirotirohia e te tākuta mate pūtau te tauira kiko kia kitea ai mēnā kei reira ngā pūtau mate pukupuku, ā, ki te pēnei, ko te momo melanoma tēhea. Ka ine hoki rātou i te hohonutanga o te tipu o te melanoma, e kiia nei ko te hohonutanga o Breslow, ā, e āwhina ana i te whakatau i te wāhanga.

Mēnā ka whakaukia te melanoma, pea ka hiahiatia ētahi atu whakamātautau kia kitea ai mēnā kua horapa. Ka uru pea ēnei ki ngā rangahau whakaahua penei i ngā tātaritanga CT, MRI, rānei PET, kei runga i ngā āhuatanga o tō melanoma motuhake.

Pea ka tirotirohia hoki e tō tākuta ngā pūngāwerewere tata, mā te wāhi atu i a rātou i te wā o te tirotiro, mā te mahi rānei e kiia nei ko te tātaritanga pūngāwerewere tiaki. E āwhina ana tēnei ki te whakatau mēnā kua tīmata te horapa o te mate pukupuku i tua atu i te wāhi taketake.

Ko ētahi tikanga whanake penei i te dermoscopy e taea ai e ngā tākuta te tirotiro i ngā whākāka kōpū me te whakawhānui me te mārama motuhake. Heoi, ko te tātaritanga kiko tonu te huarahi tino tika ki te whakatau i te melanoma.

He aha te rongoā mō te melanoma?

Ko te rongoā mō te melanoma e whakahaeretia ana e ngā take maha, tae atu ki te wāhanga, te wāhi, me tō hauora whānui. Ko te rongo pai ko te maha o ngā rongoā whai hua kei te wātea, ā, ko ngā hua e tino pai ana ina mau te melanoma i te wā wātea.

Ko te pokanga te rongoā matua mō te nuinga o ngā melanoma. Mō ngā melanoma o te wā wātea, ka tangohia e te tātaritanga whānui o te rohe te mate pukupuku me te taha o te kiko hauora kei te taha o reira. E āwhina ana tēnei ki te whakarite kua tangohia ngā pūtau mate pukupuku katoa.

Ko te rahi o te taha e whakahaeretia ana e te mātotoru o te melanoma. Ko ngā melanoma angiangi e hiahia ana ki ngā taha iti, i te wā e hiahia ana ngā mea mātotoru ki ngā taha whānui ake kia iti te tūponotanga o te waiho i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku.

Mō ngā melanoma pea kua horapa ki ngā pūngāwerewere tata, pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta pokanga pūngāwerewere tiaki. Ka tohutohu tēnei mahi, ka tangohia ngā pūngāwerewere tuatahi e rere ana te rohe i te wāhi i te melanoma.

Ko ngā melanoma whanake pea e hiahia ana ki ētahi atu rongoā atu i te pokanga. Ko te rongoā ā-mate pūkohu e āwhina ana i tō pūnaha mate pūkohu ki te kite me te whawhai i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku. Kua tino whakapai ake enei rongoā i ngā hua mō te hunga e pangia ana e te melanoma whanake.

Ko te rongoā ā-whakawhāinga e whakamahi ana i ngā rongoā e whakaeke ana i ngā rerekētanga ira tōtika e kitea ana i ētahi melanoma. Ki te mea he rerekētanga ira tōtika tō melanoma pēnei i te BRAF, i te MEK rānei, ka tino whai hua enei rongoā ā-whakawhāinga.

Pea ka tūtohuhia te rongoā radiation i ētahi wā motuhake, pēnei i muri i te pokanga hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te hokinga mai, te rongoā rānei i te melanoma kua horapa ki ētahi atu wāhi.

Ka tukuna e ngā whakamātautau hauora te uru atu ki ngā rongoā hou kāohore anō kia whānuitia. Ka taea e tō onkologist te āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau mēnā he pai te whakauru ki te whakamātautau mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te melanoma i te kāinga i te wā e rongoā ana?

Ahakoa he mea nui te rongoā hauora, he maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi i te kāinga hei tautoko i tō ora me tō oranga katoa i te wā e rongoā ana i te melanoma. Ko te tango i tētahi wāhi mahi i roto i tō tiaki ka taea te āwhina i a koe kia mōhio ake koe ki te mana, ā, pea ka whakapai ake i ō hua.

I muri i te pokanga, whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta mō te tiaki i te whara. Kia ma, kia maroke te wāhi pokanga, whakarerekē i ngā kakahu pēnei i te tohutohu, kia titiro hoki ki ngā tohu o te mate pēnei i te whero nui ake, te mahana, te rere rānei.

Tīmatahia te tiaki i tō kiri atu i mua. Whakamahia te sunscreen i ngā rā katoa, kakahu kakahu tiaki, ā, karohia ngā hāora o te rā nui. Pea ka tino ngawari tō kiri i te wā e rongoā ana, ka tino nui ake te tiaki i te rā.

Whakaritea he oranga hauora hei tautoko i tō pūnaha mate pūkohu. Kai kai tōtika e whai hua ana i ngā hua me ngā huawhenua, kia makona te inu wai, kia moe pai hoki. Ka āwhina ēnei mea taketake i tō tinana ki te ora me te whakatau i te rongoā.

Kia kaha te whakamahi i tō tinana kia rite ki tō kaha. Ka āwhina te whakakori ngāwari penei i te hikoi ki te whakaiti i te ngenge, te whakapai ake i te ngākau, me te pupuri i te kaha i te wā o te rongoā. Me ui tonu ki tō rōpū hauora mō ngā taumata mahi e tika ana.

Aroturukihia tō kiri i ia wā, ā, whakamōhio atu ki tō rōpū hauora i te wa poto rawa atu ki tetahi tātaritanga hou, kāore rānei e rerekē ana. Kia tuhia he pūkaha kiri, kāore rānei e tango whakaahua hei aroturuki i ngā huringa i te wā.

Whakahaerehia ngā pānga o te taha i mua. Ki te whiwhi koe i te immunotherapy, kāore rānei i ētahi atu rongoā pūnaha, mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora ki te whakautu i ngā pānga o te taha penei i te ngenge, ngā āhuatanga o te kiri, kāore rānei i ngā raruraru o te pūnaha kai.

Whakaarohia te whakauru atu ki ngā rōpū tautoko, kāore rānei ki te hono atu ki ētahi atu kua ora ake i te melanoma. Ka taea e te whakawhitiwhiti wheako me ngā rautaki whakahaere te whakarato i te tautoko hinengaro me ngā tohutohu whai hua i tō haerenga.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui ki te taote?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui ka āwhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te hua nui rawa atu i tō wā me tō kaiwhakarato hauora. Ko te whakarite me te whakamārama ka taea ai ngā kōrero hua ake mō ō māharahara me ngā whiringa rongoā.

Tuhia katoa ō pūrongo i mua i te hui. Tāpirihia ngā māharahara mō ngā tohu, ngā whiringa rongoā, ngā pānga o te taha, me ngā mea e tumanakohia ana. Kaua e manukanuka ki te maha rawa o ngā pūrongo - e hiahia ana tō rōpū hauora ki te whakautu i ō māharahara.

Kawe mai i te rārangi katoa o ō rongoā, tae atu ki ngā rongoā tākuto, ngā rongoā kore-tākuto, me ngā taapiri. Tēnā hoki te tuhi i ngā mate pāwera, kāore rānei i ngā āhuatanga kino kua pā ki a koe i mua.

Kohikohia tō hītori hauora, tae atu ki ngā mate pūngāwerewere o mua, ngā tātaritanga, kāore rānei i ngā rongoā. Ki te whai koe i ngā rēkōta hauora mai i ētahi atu kaiwhakarato, kawe mai i ngā tārua, kāore rānei e whakarite kia tukuna ki tō taote o nāianei.

Tuhia ngā huringa kiri kua kitea e koe. Tangohia ngā whakaahua o ngā tātaritanga e awangawanga ana ki te taea, ā, tuhia te wā i kite tuatahi ai koe i ngā huringa me te pehea o te whanake i te wā.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i te hoa pono, i te mema rānei o te whānau ki te whakaritenga. Ka taea e rātou te tuku tautoko ngākau, te āwhina i a koe ki te maumahara ki ngā mōhiohio i kōrerotia, me te āwhina ki te uiui i ngā pātai ka wareware pea koe.

Whakapaia kia kōrerohia tō hītori whānau o te mate pukupuku, inā te mate pukupuku kiri. He mea nui te mōhiohio mō ngā whānau tata kua pangia e te melanoma, i ētahi atu mate pukupuku rānei, ki tō tiaki.

Whakaarohia ō whāinga me ō manakohanga mō te rongoā. Whakaarohia ngā take penei i tō noho ora, tō wā mahi, me ō uara whaiaro ka pā pea ki ngā whakatau rongoā.

He aha te mea nui hei tango mō te melanoma?

Ko te mea nui rawa atu hei mahara mō te melanoma ko te kite wawe e whakaora ana i ngā ora. I te wā e kitea ana i ōna wahanga tuatahi, he pai te rongoā o te melanoma, ka tata ki te 99% te nui me te rongoā tika.

Ko te aukati mā te tiaki i te rā me te tirotiro kiri auau e homai ana ki a koe ngā taputapu kaha hei whakaiti i tō tūponotanga me te hopu i ngā raruraru i te wa wawe. Ka taea e ngā tikanga ngāwari penei i te whakamahinga o te sunscreen i ngā rā katoa, te karo i ngā moenga tāne, me ngā whakamātautau kiri a-marama te whakarereke nui.

Mēnā ka whanake koe i te melanoma, kia mahara kua pai haere te rongoā i ngā tau tata nei. Ahakoa ngā melanoma whanake kua iti te hua i te tekau tau ki muri, kei te wātea inaianei ngā whiringa rongoā whai hua e taea ai te whakarato i te mana whakahaere pai mo te wā roa.

Titiro ki ō kare-a-roto mō ngā huringa kiri. Ki te mea he rerekē te ahua o tetahi mea, ki te mea rānei he awangawanga ki a koe, kaua e whakaroa ki te whakamatautau e te kaiwhakarato hauora. E mohio ana koe ki tō tinana atu i tetahi atu, a he nui ō tirohanga.

Noho hono atu ki tō rōpū hauora, me whai i ō rātou tūtohu mō te tirotiro haere tonu. Ko te tirotiro melanoma te nuinga o te wā mo te ora, engari ko tēnei tiaki haere tonu e āwhina ana kia mau tetahi whakawhanaketanga hou i te wa wawe.

Ngā pātai uiui noa mō te melanoma

Ka puta mai te melanoma i ngā wāhi kaore e pā te rā?

Ae, ka taea te whanake o te melanoma i nga wahi katoa o to tinana, tae atu ki nga waahi kaore e kitea te ra. Ka puta te melanoma lentiginous acral i runga i nga ringa, i nga waewae, i raro hoki i nga kui. Ka taea te puta o nga melanoma mucosal i roto i te waha, i te ihu, i nga wahi ira tangata ranei. Ahakoa he iti ake te noho o enei momo, he mea nui kia mohiotia, na te mea kaore pea e hono atu ki te whakamarama o te ra, a ka uaua ake te kite wawe.

He pouri tonu ranei te melanoma, he pango ranei?

Kaore, ehara i te mea pouri tonu te ahua o te melanoma. Kaore he tae o nga melanoma amelanotic, a ka taea te puta he papura, he whero, he tae kikokiko ranei. Ka tino uaua te tautuhi i enei melanoma kaore he tae, na te mea kaore e rite ki nga whekau pouri noa e tumanakohia ana e te iwi. Ko tetahi waahi hou, kei te huri haere ranei, kei te ahua rereke ranei e tika ana kia arotakehia e te taakuta ahakoa te tae.

Kia tere te hora o te melanoma?

He rereke te tere o te hora o te melanoma, kei runga i te momo me nga ahuatanga takitahi. Ka tupu haere etahi melanoma i nga marama, i nga tau ranei, engari ka taea e etahi atu te huri tere i roto i nga wiki. Ka nui ake te tere o te tipu o nga melanoma nodular i nga momo horapa mata. Ko tenei rereketanga te take me arotakehia wawe tetahi whekau kiri kei te huri, kaua e tatari kia kite me pehea te whanaketanga.

Ka taea e nga tamariki te whanake i te melanoma?

Ahakoa he onge te melanoma i roto i nga tamariki, ka taea te puta, ina koa i roto i nga taiohi. Ka puta ke te ahua o te melanoma tamariki i te melanoma pakeke, a kaore pea e whai i nga ture ABCDE noa. I roto i nga tamariki, he tino papura, he whero ranei nga melanoma, kaua ko te parauri, ko te pango ranei. Me arotakehia e te kaiwhakarato hauora tetahi whekau hou, kei te huri ranei i roto i te tamaiti, ina koa ki te mea he hitori whanau o te melanoma.

He aha te rereketanga i waenga i te melanoma me etahi atu mate pukupuku kiri?

Ka puta te melanoma i ngā melanocytes (ngā pūtau tae) ā, he nui ake te tūponotanga o te hora atu ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana i te whakataurite ki ētahi atu mate pūngāwerewere o te kiri. Ko te basal cell me te squamous cell carcinomas, ngā momo mate pūngāwerewere o te kiri nui atu, e noho pūmau ana i te nuinga o te wā, ā, kāore e horapa. Ahakoa ko ngā mate pūngāwerewere o te kiri katoa e hiahia ana ki te rongoā, e whakaarohia ana te melanoma he kino ake nā tōna kaha ki te horapa, nō reira, he tino nui te kite wawe me te rongoā.