He aha te mate pūtau Merkel? Ngā tohu, ngā take, me te rongoā

Ko te mate pūtau Merkel he momo mate pūtau kiri onge, engari he kaha te piki, e puta ana i ngā pūtau motuhake e kiia nei ko ngā pūtau Merkel, kei te paparanga o runga o tō kiri. Ka āwhina ēnei pūtau ki a koe ki te kite i te pā atu o te mārama, ā, he maha tonu ngā wāhi kei runga i tō matenga, i tō kaki, me ō ringa e whiwhi ana i te rā.

Ahakoa he onge tēnei mate, e pā ana ki te 3,000 o te iwi o Amerika i ia tau, ka nui haere te tipu me te horapa atu i ētahi atu mate pūtau kiri. Ko te rongo pai, ki te hopukina i te wā, ka tino whai hua te rongoā, ā, ka āwhina te mārama ki ngā tohu whakatūpato ki a koe ki te rapu i te tiaki wawe mena e hiahiatia ana.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pūtau Merkel?

Ko te tohu tino noa o te mate pūtau Merkel he pupū, he pūngāwerewere kore mamae, e puta pū ngāwari ana, ā, e tipu haere ana. He maeneene, he mārama te mata o tēnei pupū, ā, ka rerekē te tae mai i te whero ki te puru ki te tae kiri.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu matua hei titiro atu, mā te mahara ko te kite wawe ka tino whakarerekē te angitu o te rongoā:

• He pupū, he pūngāwerewere e tipu ana, kore mamae rānei i runga i te kiri e pā ana ki te rā
• He pūngāwerewere, he pupū ā-taha e rerekē ana te ahua i ētahi atu pupū kei a koe pea
• He mata mārama, he maeneene rānei o te pupū, he whero, he puru, he kikorangi rānei te tae
• He whara e kore e ora, e hoki mai ana rānei i muri i te ahua kua ora
• Ngā whekau lymph e pupū ana e tata ana ki te wāhi e puta mai ana te pupū

Ka kite te nuinga o te iwi i ēnei pupū i runga i tō ratou matenga, kaki, ringa, kāwae rānei, nā te mea ko ēnei wāhi te nuinga o te whiwhi rā. Ka iti ake pea te pupū i te moni ina kite tuatahi koe, engari ka taea te rua te rahi i roto i ngā wiki, marama rānei.

He mea tika te kōrero ko ētahi o te iwi e pā ana ki ngā tohu onge. Ka uru pea ēnei ki te pupū e ngāwari ana te toto ina pā, ngā huringa i te āhua o te kiri i te wāhi, he ngawari rānei i ngā whekau lymph e tata ana. Kia mahara, ko tetahi tipu kiri hou, e huri haere ana rānei, e tika ana kia arohia e tō kaiwhakarato hauora.

He aha ngā take o te mate pūtau Merkel?

Ka puta te mate pūtau Merkel ina pakaru te DNA i roto i ngā pūtau Merkel, ka puta ai te tipu kore mana. Kāo te take tika e kore e marama tonu, engari kua kitea e ngā kairangahau etahi take e āwhina ana ki tēnei pakaru.

Ko te take tino nui ko te pā o te ultraviolet (UV) mai i te rā, i ngā moenga whakatanu rānei. I te roa o te wā, ka taea e tēnei pā te whakangaro i te rauemi ira i roto i ō pūtau kiri. Hei tāpiri atu, e waru i roto i te tekau o ngā keehi e hono ana ki te huaketo e kiia nei ko te huaketo polyoma pūtau Merkel, he maha ngā tangata e mau ana i te kore kino, engari ka taea te whakaoho i te whanaketanga o te mate i etahi wā.

Ko ēnei ngā take matua e taea te whakapiki ake i te tūponotanga o te whanaketanga o tēnei mate:

• Te roa o te pā o te rā, ina koa ka kore te tiaki rā e tika ana
• Te mate ki te huaketo polyoma pūtau Merkel
• He pūnaha ārai ngoikore mai i ngā rongoā, ngā whakawhiti whekau, i ngā āhuatanga penei i te HIV rānei
• Te pakeke atu i te 50 tau, ina ngoikore haere te pūnaha ārai i te tūturu
• Te kiri mā, e ngāwari ana te tahuna, ā, e kore e whero pai
• Te hītori o ētahi atu mate pūtau kiri

I etahi keehi onge, ka taea te whanake o te mate me te kore he pā marama ki ēnei take tūponotanga. Ka puta pea tēnei na ngā take ira e kore ano kia tino mārama, i ngā pā taiao e tūhura tonu ana ngā kairangahau.

Nōhea te kite i te taote mō te mate pūtau Merkel?

Me kite wawe koe i tō taote ki te kite koe i tetahi pupū hou, e tipu haere ana i runga i tō kiri, ina koa ki te puta mai i ngā wāhi e pā ana ki te rā, penei i tō mata, kaki, ringa, kāwae rānei. Ko te kupu matua konei ko te “e tipu haere ana”, nā te mea ka nui haere te tipu o te mate pūtau Merkel i ētahi atu huringa kiri.

Kaua e tatari ki te kite koe i te pupū, kore mamae e puta mai ana i roto i ngā wiki, marama rānei kua pahure, ā, e nui haere ana. Ahakoa kaore e mamae, ko te tipu tere he tohu whakatūpato nui e kore e tika te whakakahore.

Me whakarite hoki e koe he hui ki te pupū ana ō whekau lymph e tata ana ki te pupū kiri hou, ki te whara rānei e kore e ora tika. Ahakoa he maha ngā take o ēnei tohu, he mea tika te tūhura kia kore ai ngā āhuatanga kino.

Mō te iwi he pūnaha ārai ngoikore, he hītori rānei o te nui o te pā o te rā, he mea nui rawa te tirotiro kiri auau. Ka taea e tō taote te āwhina i a koe ki te whakatū i te mahi e tika ana mō tō taumata tūponotanga.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te mate pūtau Merkel?

He maha ngā take e taea te whakapiki ake i ō tūponotanga ki te whanaketanga o te mate pūtau Merkel, ahakoa te mau i ēnei take tūponotanga e kore e tikanga ka whiwhi koe i te mate. Ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te tango i ngā mahi tiaki, ki te mohio hoki ki te wā hei titiro atu ki ngā huringa kiri.

Ko te tau tetahi o ngā take tūponotanga kaha, me te nuinga o ngā keehi e puta ana i ngā tāngata neke atu i te 50. I a tātou e koroheke haere ana, ka iti haere te kaha o ō tātou pūnaha ārai ki te whawhai i te tipu pūtau koretake, ā, kua nui ake hoki te pā o te rā i roto i ō tātou oranga.

Ko ēnei ngā take tūponotanga matua hei mārama:

• Te pakeke atu i te 50 tau, me te nui haere o te tūponotanga i muri i te 65 tau
• Te kiri mā, te makawe mā, me ngā kanohi mā e ngāwari ana te tahuna i te rā
• Te nui o te pā o te rā i roto i ngā tau maha, ina koa ka kore te tiaki rā
• Te whakaiti i te pūnaha ārai mai i ngā rongoā whakawhiti whekau
• Te mate HIV, i ētahi atu āhuatanga rānei e whakaiti ana i te pūnaha ārai
• Te hītori o ētahi atu mate pūtau kiri penei i te melanoma, i te mate pūtau papatipu rānei
• Te ira tane, i te mea ka whanake tēnei mate i ngā tāne e rua te nui atu i ngā wāhine

Ka pa etahi atu take tūponotanga ki ētahi o te iwi, he iti ake te noa, engari he mea nui tonu. Ka uru pea ēnei ki te whiwhi i te rongoā radiation mō ētahi atu mate, te tango i ētahi rongoā e whakaiti ana i te pūnaha ārai mō ngā mate autoimmune, i ngā āhuatanga ira rānei e pā ana ki te whakatikatika DNA.

Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o ēnei take tūponotanga ka taea te whakahaere mā te tiaki rā, ngā tirotiro kiri auau, me te mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora ki te tirotiro i tō hauora ki te whai koe i ngā āhuatanga pūnaha ārai.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate pūtau Merkel?

Ko te take matua o te mate pūtau Merkel ko te horapa atu ki ētahi atu wāhi o tō tinana atu i te maha o ētahi atu mate pūtau kiri. Ki te hopukina i te wā, ā, ki te tukatuka wawe, he pai ake te tirohanga.

Ka horapa te mate ki ngā whekau lymph e tata ana, he wāhanga tēnei o te pūnaha whawhai mate o tō tinana. Mai i reira, ka taea te haere ki ētahi atu whekau penei i te ate, ngā pūkahukahu, ngā wheua, rānei te roro, ahakoa he iti ake tēnei ina kitea te mate, ā, tukatukahia i te wā.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru pea me mārama koe:

• Te horapa ki ngā whekau lymph e tata ana, ka puta ai te pupū i tō kaki, i tō pokohiwi, i tō pūkahukahu rānei
• Te hoki mai i te wāhi i tangohia ai te mate tuatahi
• Te horapa tawhiti ki ngā whekau penei i te ate, ngā pūkahukahu, ngā wheua rānei
• Te whanaketanga o ētahi atu mate i ētahi atu wāhi o tō kiri
• Ngā raruraru mai i te rongoā, penei i te toka, i ngā huringa rānei i te āhua o te kiri

I etahi keehi onge, ka pa pea ki ētahi atu raruraru kino ki te horapa whānui te mate. Ka uru pea ēnei ki te uaua o te manawa ki te tae ki ngā pūkahukahu, te mamae ki te pā ki ngā wheua, i ētahi atu tohu rānei e whakaatu ana i ngā whekau e pā ana.

He mea nui te mahara he iti ake te tūponotanga o ēnei raruraru ina kitea te mate i te wā. He mea nui te tiaki whai muri i te rongoā hei hopu i tetahi hoki mai wawe, hei pupuri i te hua pai rawa.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate pūtau Merkel?

Ahakoa e kore e taea te aukati i ngā keehi katoa o te mate pūtau Merkel, ka taea te whakaiti nui i tō tūponotanga mā te tiaki i tō kiri mai i te pā UV. Ko ngā mahi tiaki rā ano e āwhina ana ki te aukati i ētahi atu mate pūtau kiri e whai hua ana hoki konei.

Ko te mahi tino nui ko te tiaki rā mau tonu. Ko te tikanga tenei te whakamahi i te sunscreen whānui-spectrum me te SPF 30 neke atu i ia rā, ahakoa ngā rā kapua, me te whakamahi anō i ia rua haora ina kei waho koe.

Ko ēnei ngā rautaki aukati matua e taea te āwhina i a koe ki te tiaki i a koe:

• Whakamahia te sunscreen whānui-spectrum me te SPF 30 neke atu i ia rā
• Rapua te atarangi i ngā haora rā nui, he 10 AM ki te 4 PM
• Kakahu kakahu tiaki, tae atu ki ngā ringa roa me ngā potae whānui-rim
• Whakamahia ngā karāhe e aukati ana i ngā hihi UVA me UVB
• Kaua e whakamahi i ngā moenga whakatanu me te pā UV mahi
• Whakahaeretia ngā whakamātautau kiri ake kia hopukina ai ngā huringa i te wā
• Whakaritehia ngā tirotiro kiri ngaio me tō dermatologist

Ki te whai koe i te pūnaha ārai ngoikore, he mea nui te mahi tata me tō rōpū hauora. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te taurite i ō hiahia hauora me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te mate, ā, ka tūtohutia pea ngā tirotiro kiri auau.

Kia mahara ko te aukati kei roto hoki te mahi whakamua mo ngā huringa e kitea ana e koe. Te mohio ki tō kiri me te tirotiro auau ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te kite i ngā raruraru pea i mua i te kino.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te mate pūtau Merkel?

Ko te whakatau i te mate pūtau Merkel ka tīmata mā te tirotiro a tō taote i te pupū, i te wāhi rānei e whakapae ana i runga i tō kiri. Ka titiro rātou ki tōna rahi, tae, āhua, me te tere o tōna tipu, ā, ka tirotiro pea i ō whekau lymph ki te kite mena kei te pupū.

Ko te whakatau tino e hiahia ana ki te biopsy, i reira ka tangohia e tō taote he wahi iti o te kiko e whakapae ana hei tirotiro i raro i te microscope. Ka mahia tēnei hei mahi tākuta i waho me te anesthetic ā-rohe, na reira e kore koe e rongo mamae i te wā o te mahi.

Ko ēnei ngā mea e tumanakohia ana i te wā o te mahi whakatau:

1. Te tirotiro tinana o tō kiri me ngā whekau lymph
2. Te kōrero mō te hītori hauora mō ō tohu me ngā take tūponotanga
3. Biopsy o te wāhi e whakapae ana, ka mahia auau i te tari
4. Te tātaritanga taiwhanga o te tauira kiko e te pathologist
5. Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua atu ki te whakau i te mate

Ki te whakau te biopsy i te mate pūtau Merkel, ka tono pea tō taote i ngā whakamātautau atu hei whakatau mena kua horapa te mate. Ka uru pea ēnei ki ngā tātaritanga CT, tātaritanga PET, i te biopsy whekau lymph tiaki hei tirotiro mena kua tae ngā pūtau mate ki ō whekau lymph.

I etahi wā, ka whakamātautau pea tō taote mō te huaketo polyoma pūtau Merkel hei āwhina i ngā whakatau rongoā. Ka taea te āwhina o tēnei mōhiohio ki te whakarite i te huarahi tino whai hua mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

He aha te rongoā mō te mate pūtau Merkel?

Ko te rongoā mō te mate pūtau Merkel ka uru auau ki te pokanga hei tango i te mate, ka whai muri pea i te rongoā radiation hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te hoki mai o te mate. Ka whakawhirinaki tō mahere rongoā ki te rahi me te wāhi o te mate, mena kua horapa, me tō hauora whānui.

Ko te pokanga te mahi tuatahi auau, i reira ka tangohia ai e tō taote pokanga te mate me ētahi atu kiko hauora e tata ana hei whakarite kua whakakorea ngā pūtau mate katoa. Ka kiia tēnei mahi ko te whakakorenga rohe whānui, ā, ka mahia auau hei mahi tākuta i waho.

Ka tūtohutia pea e tō rōpū rongoā etahi huarahi, e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō āhuatanga motuhake:

• Te whakakorenga rohe whānui hei tango i te mate me ngā kiko e tata ana
• Biopsy whekau lymph tiaki hei tirotiro mena kua horapa te mate ki ngā whekau lymph e tata ana
• Rongoā radiation ki te wāhi mate, ā, i etahi wā ki ngā whekau lymph e tata ana
• Ngā rongoā immunotherapy mō ngā keehi kua whanake
• Chemotherapy i etahi wā, ahakoa he iti ake te whakamahi o tēnei

Mō te iwi kua horapa tō rātou mate ki ngā whekau lymph, ki ētahi atu wāhi rānei o te tinana, ka uru pea te rongoā ki ngā rongoā immunotherapy penei i te pembrolizumab, i te avelumab rānei. Ka āwhina ēnei rongoā i tō pūnaha ārai ki te kite me te whawhai i ngā pūtau mate nui atu.

I etahi keehi onge i te tino whanake o te mate, ka tūtohutia pea e tō taote te chemotherapy. Heoi, ka waiho tēnei mō ngā āhuatanga kaore i whai hua ētahi atu rongoā, i te mea kua whakaatu te immunotherapy i ngā hua pai ake me ngā pānga iti ake mō te nuinga o te iwi.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tohu i te wā o te rongoā mate pūtau Merkel?

Ko te whakahaere i ngā pānga me ngā tohu i te wā o te rongoā he wāhanga nui o tō mahere tiaki whānui. Ka tino manawanui te nuinga o te iwi ki te rongoā, engari ko te mohio ki te aha e tumanakohia ana me te whakahaere i ngā take noa ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te pai ake te whakarite me te ngāwari.

I muri i te pokanga, me pupuri koe i te wāhi pokanga kia ma, kia maroke i te wā e ora ana. Ka hoatu e tō taote ngā tohutohu motuhake mō te tiaki whara, tae atu ki te wā e taea ai te kaukau me ngā mahi hei karo i te wā whakaora.

Ko ēnei etahi huarahi whai hua hei whakahaere i ngā tohu noa e pā ana ki te rongoā:

• Whai i ngā tohutohu tiaki whara kia kaua e pangia e te mate, kia whakatairangahia ai te ora
• Whakamahia ngā moisturizer ngawari, kore kakara i runga i te kiri e whiwhi ana i te rongoā radiation
• Tīaki i te kiri i te pā o te rā mā te kakahu me te sunscreen
• Kia makona te wai me te kai kai kai pai hei tautoko i te ora o tō tinana
• Whiwhi i te okioki e tika ana, i te mea e hiahia ana tō tinana ki te kaha hei whakaora mai i te rongoā
• Whakamōhio wawe ki tō rōpū hauora mō tetahi tohu, pānga rānei.

Ki te whiwhi koe i te rongoā radiation, ka whero pea tō kiri i te wāhi rongoā, ka maroke, ka ngawari rānei, rite tonu ki te tahuna. Ka hoatu e tō rōpū radiation ngā tohutohu tiaki motuhake, ā, ka tūtohutia pea ngā hinu motuhake hei pupuri i tō kiri kia ngāwari.

Mō te hunga e whiwhi ana i te immunotherapy, ka rerekē ngā pānga, engari ka uru pea ki te ngenge, te pupuhi, i ngā take puku rānei. Ka tirotiro tata koe e tō rōpū oncology, ā, ka taea te hoatu i ngā rongoā, i ngā rautaki rānei hei whakahaere i ēnei tohu.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taote?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te whakamahi pai i tō wā me tō kaiwhakarato hauora, hei whakarite hoki ka whiwhi koe i ngā mōhiohio katoa e hiahia ana koe. Tīmata mā te tuhi i te wā i kite tuatahi ai koe i te huringa kiri me te āhua o tōna whanaketanga mai i taua wā.

Kawe mai he rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe i tēnei wā, tae atu ki ngā rongoā rongoā, ngā rongoā i waho o te rongoā, me ngā taapiri. Huihuia hoki ngā mōhiohio mō tō hītori hauora, ina koa ngā mate pūtau kiri o mua, i ngā āhuatanga rānei e pā ana ki tō pūnaha ārai.

Ko ēnei ngā mea me whakarite i mua i tō hui:

• Te raupapa wā i kite tuatahi ai koe i te huringa kiri me te āhua o tōna tipu
• Te rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri o nāianei
• Te hītori hauora, tae atu ki ngā mate o mua, i ngā āhuatanga pūnaha ārai rānei
• Te hītori whānau o te mate pūtau kiri, i ētahi atu mate rānei
• Te rārangi o ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui ki tō taote
• Ngā mōhiohio inihua me ngā puka tohutoro mena e hiahiatia ana

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tetahi hoa whakawhirinaki, i te mema whānau rānei ki tō hui, ina koa ki te kōrero koe mō ngā kōwhiringa rongoā. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui, ki te whakarato hoki i te tautoko ngākau i te wā e āhua nui ana te kōrero.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te tono ki tō taote kia whakamārama i tetahi mea kaore koe e mārama. He mea nui kia ngāwari koe ki tō mahere rongoā, kia mohio hoki ki te aha e tumanakohia ana i ia waahanga o te mahi.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate pūtau Merkel?

Ko te mea tino nui hei mahara mō te mate pūtau Merkel ko te kite wawe ka tino whakarerekē ngā hua rongoā. Ahakoa he mate onge, he kaha tēnei, ko te whakatau me te rongoā wawe ka taea te arahi ki ngā hua pai rawa mō te maha o te iwi.

Tirohia ngā pupū hou, e tipu haere ana i runga i tō kiri, ina koa i ngā wāhi e pā ana ki te rā. Ki te kite koe i tetahi mea e whakapae ana, kaua e tatari kia tirohia – ko te mahi wawe tō parenga pai ki tēnei mate.

Ko te aukati mā te tiaki rā mau tonu tonu tetahi o ngā taputapu kaha kei a koe. Ko te whakamahi sunscreen ia rā, te kakahu tiaki, me te karo i ngā moenga whakatanu ka taea te whakaiti nui i tō tūponotanga ki te whanaketanga o tēnei me ētahi atu mate pūtau kiri.

Kia mahara ko te mau i ngā take tūponotanga e kore e tikanga ka whanake koe i te mate, ā, ahakoa ka whiwhi koe i tēnei whakatau, kei te wātea ngā rongoā whai hua. Mahi tata me tō rōpū hauora, whai i ō rātou tūtohu, ā, kaua e whakaroa ki te ui pātai mō tetahi mea e awangawanga ana koe.

Ngā pātai auau mō te mate pūtau Merkel

P1: Kia tere te horapa o te mate pūtau Merkel?

Ka taea te horapa o te mate pūtau Merkel atu i ētahi atu mate pūtau kiri, engari ka rerekē te raupapa wā mai i te tangata ki te tangata. Ka taea e ētahi mate te horapa ki ngā whekau lymph e tata ana i roto i ngā marama, i te mea ka noho ētahi atu i te roa atu. Koia te take he mea nui te whakatau me te rongoā wawe – ko te hopu wawe te tino tūponotanga mō te rongoā angitu.

P2: Ka taea te whakaora i te mate pūtau Merkel?

Ae, ka taea te whakaora i te mate pūtau Merkel, ina koa ki te hopukina i te wā i mua i te horapa ki ngā whekau lymph, ki ētahi atu wāhi rānei o te tinana. Ko te reiti ora rima tau neke atu i te 75% ina kitea te mate, ā, tukatukahia i ōna wā tīmatanga. Ahakoa kua horapa te mate, kua tino whakarerekē ngā rongoā hou penei i te immunotherapy i ngā hua mō te maha o ngā turoro.

P3: He whakatūpato te mate pūtau Merkel?

E kore te mate pūtau Merkel e whakatūpato auau, ko te tikanga e kore e rere i roto i ngā whānau penei i ētahi atu mate. Ko te nuinga o ngā keehi e pā ana ki te pā o te rā, te mate huaketo, i te whakaiti i te pūnaha ārai atu i ngā take ira e hoatu ana. Heoi, ka taea e ētahi o te iwi te whai i ngā take ira e whakapiki ake ana i ō rātou tūponotanga ki ngā mate pūtau kiri.

P4: Me pēhea te ahua o te pupū mate pūtau Merkel?

Ko te pupū mate pūtau Merkel ka āhua kaha, kore mamae ki te pā. He maeneene auau, ā, ka taea te āhua ngawari. He mata mārama auau te pupū, ā, ka taea te whero, te puru, te tae kiri rānei. Ko te mea e awangawanga ana ko te tere o tōna tipu – ka kite pea koe e nui haere ana i roto i ngā wiki, marama rānei.

P5: Me pēhea te rerekē o te mate pūtau Merkel i ētahi atu mate pūtau kiri?

Ka rerekē te mate pūtau Merkel i ētahi atu mate pūtau kiri i ngā huarahi maha: ka nui haere te tipu me te horapa, ka nui ake te hono ki te huaketo (huaketo polyoma pūtau Merkel), ā, he nui ake te tūponotanga ki te horapa ki ngā whekau lymph. Kāore i te whanake mai i ngā whetu o mua, penei i te melanoma, ā, kāore i te rite ki te mate pūtau papatipu, he nui ake te tūponotanga ki te horapa ki ētahi atu wāhi o te tinana ki te kore e tukatuka wawe.