He aha te MOGAD? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te MOGAD te tikanga o te mate e hono ana ki te antibody glycoprotein myelin oligodendrocyte. He āhuatanga autoimmune onge noa iho tēnei e whakaeke kino ana te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana i te pūmua e kiia nei ko te MOG i roto i tō roro me tō tūpuna.

Ko tēnei pūmua te tiaki i ngā muka io e kawe ana i ngā karere puta noa i tō pūnaha io. Ki te whakaeke ngā antibodies i te MOG, ka taea e ia te whakaputa i te mumura me te kino e ārai ana ki ngā tohu neurological maha. Ahakoa ka pā te MOGAD ki ngā tāngata o ngā tau katoa, he tino kitea te whakatau i ngā tamariki me ngā tāngata kōriki.

He aha ngā tohu o te MOGAD?

Ka rereke haere ngā tohu o te MOGAD, nā te mea ka taea e te āhuatanga te pā ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō pūnaha io. Ko te tohu tuatahi tino noa ko ngā raruraru tirohanga, inā te optic neuritis, e whakaputa ana i te mamae o te kanohi me te ngaro o te tirohanga i tetahi kanohi, i ngā kanohi rānei e rua.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu matua ka pā pea ki a koe me te MOGAD:

• Raruraru tirohanga: Tirohanga māreikura, ngaro o te tirohanga, mamae o te kanohi, i te kite rerekē rānei i ngā tae
• Tohu mumura roro: Nga mamae o te upoko, whakapārearea, raruraru mahara, i ngā huringa o te ahua rānei
• Tohu tūpuna: Ngoikore o ngā ringa, o ngā waewae rānei, ngāngā, wiri, i te uaua ki te hikoi rānei
• Tohu brainstem: Whakapairuaki, ruaki, i te uaua ki te horomia rānei
• Ngā hopu: Ina koa ki ngā tamariki me te whakauru o te roro

I roto i ngā take onge, ka taea e te MOGAD te whakaputa i ngā tohu nui ake penei i te uaua ki te manawa ki te pā te brainstem nui. Ka pā ngā tohu katoa ki ētahi tāngata i te wa kotahi, ka pā rānei ki tetahi, ki ngā wāhi e rua rānei.

Ka puta mai ngā tohu i te wa poto, i ngā haora ki ngā rā rānei, ka ātaahua pea. Heoi, he maha ngā tāngata me te MOGAD e ora pai ana i waenganui i ngā wāhanga, inā koa me te maimoatanga tika.

He aha ngā momo o te MOGAD?

Kāore he momo whaimana o te MOGAD, engari ka whakaahuahia e ngā tākuta i runga i te wāhanga o tō pūnaha io e pā ana. Ka āwhina tēnei ki a rātou ki te mārama ki tō āhuatanga motuhake me te whakatakoto i te huarahi maimoatanga pai.

Ko ngā tauira matua ko te optic neuritis MOGAD, e pā ana ki ōu io tirohanga me te tirohanga. Ko te MOGAD roro e whakauru ana i te mumura i roto i te kiko roro, i te wa e pā ana te MOGAD tūpuna ki te tūpuna ka taea te whakaputa i te ngoikore, i te ngāngā rānei.

He brainstem MOGAD kei ētahi tāngata, e pā ana ki te wāhi e hono ana tō roro ki tō tūpuna. I roto i ngā take onge, ka pā pea ki a koe te MOGAD multifocal, kei reira ngā wāhi maha e pā ana i te wa kotahi.

Ka taea e tō tauira motuhake te huri i te wā, ka pā pea ki ētahi tāngata ngā momo whakauru rerekē i ngā wāhanga motuhake. Ko tēnei rerekētanga tetahi mea e tino whai take ai te MOGAD ki ētahi atu āhuatanga rite.

He aha ngā take o te MOGAD?

Ka puta te MOGAD ina whakaputa te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana i ngā antibodies ki te pūmua MOG. Kāore ngā kānaka putaiao i tino mārama he aha te take o tēnei mahi ārai mate, engari ka whakauru pea i te whakakotahitanga o ngā take.

Ko ngā whakaohooho pea ka tīmata tēnei mahi:

• Ngā mate huaketo: Ngā huaketo noa penei i ngā mea e whakaputa ana i te mate huango, i te rewharewha rānei
• Ngā inopere: Ka onge, ka taea e ngā inopere te whakaohooho i te mahi ārai mate
• Te ahotea, te mate rānei: Te ahotea tinana, ngakau rānei e pā ana ki tō pūnaha ārai mate
• Ngā take ira: Ka taea e ētahi ira te whakaiti i tō kaha
• Ngā take taiao: Ngā whakaohooho taiao kaore i te mohiotia

I roto i ngā take maha, kāore he whakaohooho motuhake e taea te kitea, ka ātaahua pea. Ko te mea nui kia mārama ko te MOGAD ehara i te mea ka taea te hora, kāore hoki i puta mai i tetahi mea i mahi koe, i kore rānei e mahi.

Kei te kitea te āhuatanga he tino noa i roto i ētahi rōpū iwi, inā koa ngā tāngata o te iwi Āhia, ahakoa ka taea te pā ki te tangata katoa. Kei te mahi tonu ngā kairangahau ki te mārama ki ngā take katoa e ārai ana ki te whakawhanake i te MOGAD.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō te MOGAD?

Me rapu wawe koe i te tiaki hauora mena ka pā ki a koe te ngaro o te tirohanga, ngā mamae o te upoko nui me te whakapārearea, i te ngoikore o ngā ringa, o ngā waewae rānei. Ka taea e ēnei tohu te tohu i te mumura i roto i tō pūnaha io e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga wawe.

Waea atu ki tō taote inaianei mena ka kite koe i ngā huringa tirohanga penei i te tirohanga māreikura, te mamae o te kanohi, i te uaua ki te kite i ngā tae tika rānei. Ahakoa he ngawari ngā tohu, ka taea e te maimoatanga wawe te āwhina i te aukati i ngā raruraru nui ake.

Ko ētahi atu tohu whakatūpato e hiahia ana ki te aromatawai hauora ko ngā mamae o te upoko e kore e whakautu ki ngā maimoatanga noa, ngā raruraru mahara, te whakapārearea rānei, te ngāngā, te wiri rānei e hora ana, i te uaua ki te hikoi, ki te whakataurite i ngā nekehanga rānei.

Mena kua whakatauhia koe ki te MOGAD, whakapiri atu ki tō rōpū hauora mena ka kite koe i ngā tohu hou, i te kino ake rānei o ngā tohu o mua. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i te whakatau mena ka hiahia koe ki te maimoatanga atu, ki ngā whakarerekētanga rongoā rānei.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te MOGAD?

Ka taea e te MOGAD te pā ki te tangata katoa, engari ka taea e ētahi take te whakapiki i tō tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i tēnei āhuatanga. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei take morearea te āwhina i a koe me tō taote ki te tūpato ki ngā tohu pea.

Ko ngā take morearea matua ko ēnei:

• Tau: Tino noa i roto i ngā tamariki me ngā tāngata kōriki, ahakoa ka puta i tetahi tau
• Iwi: Tino kitea i roto i ngā tāngata o te iwi Āhia
• Ira tangata: He iti te noa i roto i ngā wāhine i ngā tāne
• Hītori whānau: He whānau kei a rātou ngā āhuatanga autoimmune
• Ngā mate hou: Ngā mate huaketo i ngā wiki i mua i te tīmatanga o ngā tohu

Ko te whai i ēnei take morearea kāore e tikanga ka whakawhanake koe i te MOGAD. He maha ngā tāngata me ngā take morearea maha kaore e whakawhanake i te āhuatanga, i te wa e mahi ana ētahi atu kaore he take morearea marama.

He mea tika te kī kei te whakaarohia tonu te MOGAD he onge, e pā ana ki ngā tāngata iti iho i te 10 i te 100,000. Kei te kitea te āhuatanga kei te tino mohiotia inaianei atu i te wā o mua, no te mea kua nui ake te wātea o te whakamātautau mō ngā antibodies MOG.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te MOGAD?

Ahakoa he maha ngā tāngata me te MOGAD e ora pai ana i waenganui i ngā wāhanga, ka puta mai ētahi raruraru, inā koa ki te kore e maimoatia wawe te āhuatanga. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei wāhi te āwhina i a koe ki te mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora ki te aukati i a rātou.

Ko ngā raruraru noa ka pā pea ki a koe ko ēnei:

• Raruraru tirohanga: Ngaro o te tirohanga, iti rānei te kite tae
• Ngā huringa hinengaro: Raruraru mahara, uaua ki te aro, i ngā huringa ngākau rānei
• Ngā herenga tinana: Ngoikore, raruraru whakataurite, i te uaua ki te hikoi rānei
• Ngā take pūāhua: Ngāngā tonu, wiri, i te mamae rānei
• Ngā ngākau: Te ngākau tonu e pā ana ki ngā mahi o ia rā

I roto i ngā take onge, ka taea e ngā raruraru nui te whakauru i te ngoikore nui mena ka pā ngā wāhi maha o te pūnaha io i te wā maha. Ka taea e ētahi tāngata te whakawhanake i ngā hopu e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere rongoā tonu.

Ko te rongo pai ko te maimoatanga tika, he maha ngā tāngata me te MOGAD e ora pai ana ka taea te hoki ki ō rātou mahi noa. Ka whakapai ake te whakatau wawe me te maimoatanga i ngā hua me te whakaiti i te morearea o ngā raruraru.

Me pēhea te aukati i te MOGAD?

Aroha mai, kāore he huarahi e mohiotia ana ki te aukati i te MOGAD, nā te mea kāore tātou i tino mārama he aha ngā whakaohooho o te mahi ārai mate. Heoi, ka taea e koe te mahi i ngā mahi hei tautoko i tō hauora whānui me te whakaiti pea i te nui o ngā wāhanga.

Ko te pupuri i te hauora whānui pai mā te whakakori noa, te moe tika, me te whakahaere ahotea pea ka āwhina i te tautoko i tō pūnaha ārai mate. Ka kite ētahi tāngata ko te karo i ngā whakaohooho e mohiotia ana, penei i ētahi mate huaketo i te wā e taea ana, ka whai hua.

Mena kua whakatauhia koe ki te MOGAD, he mea nui te mahi tata ki tō rōpū hauora ki te tirotiro i ngā tohu wawe o te hoki mai. Ka tūtohu pea rātou i ngā tirotiro noa me ngā whakamātautau toto hei aroturuki i ō taumata antibody MOG.

Ko te pupuri i te rā me ngā inopere, e tūtohuhia ana e tō taote, ka taea te āwhina i te aukati i ngā mate ka taea te whakaohooho i ngā wāhanga. Heoi, kōrerohia ngā awangawanga inopere ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora, na te mea ka taea e rātou te tohutohu i te mea pai mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te MOGAD?

Ko te whakatau i te MOGAD e whakauru ana i ngā mahi maha, nā te mea ka rite ngā tohu ki ētahi atu āhuatanga neurological. Ka tīmata tō taote me te hītori hauora taipitopito me te whakamātautau tinana, e aro nui ana ki tō tirohanga me tō mahi neurological.

Ko te whakamātautau whakatau matua ko te whakamātautau toto e titiro ana ki ngā antibodies MOG. He tino motuhake tēnei whakamātautau mō te MOGAD ka āwhina i te wehewehe i ngā āhuatanga rite penei i te mate maha sclerosis, i te neuromyelitis optica rānei.

Ka tono pea tō taote i ngā tātaritanga MRI roro me te tūpuna ki te titiro ki ngā wāhi mumura. Ka taea e ēnei whakaahua te whakaatu i ngā tauira āhuatanga e tautoko ana i te whakatau MOGAD ka āwhina i te whakakore i ētahi atu āhuatanga.

Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau atu te whakauru i te pupuhi lumbar ki te tirotiro i tō wai tūpuna, ngā whakamātautau mara tirohanga ki te aromatawai i ngā huringa tirohanga, me ētahi whakamātautau toto i ētahi wā ki te whakakore i ētahi atu āhuatanga autoimmune.

Ka roa pea te whiwhi i te whakatau tika, ka hiahia pea koe ki te kite i ngā tohunga penei i ngā neurologists, i ngā neuro-ophthalmologists rānei. Ka whakarite tēnei huarahi taipitopito ka whiwhi koe i te maimoatanga tika mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te MOGAD?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te MOGAD e aro nui ana ki te whakaiti i te mumura i ngā wāhanga nui me te aukati i ngā whakaeke a muri ake nei. Ka whakawhirinaki te huarahi ki te nui o ō tohu me ngā wāhanga o tō pūnaha io e pā ana.

Mō ngā wāhanga nui, ka tono pea tō taote i ngā corticosteroids nui, e hoatu ana i te nuinga o te wā mā te intravenous mō ngā rā maha. Ka taea e ēnei rongoā anti-mumura kaha te āwhina i te whakaiti i te pupuhi me te aukati i te kino atu ki tō pūnaha io.

Mena kāore ngā steroids e whai hua, mena he nui ngā tohu, ka taea e ētahi atu maimoatanga te whakauru i:

• Te whakawhiti plasma: Ka tangohia ngā antibodies i tō toto
• Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): Ka āwhina i te whakahaere i tō pūnaha ārai mate
• Ngā rongoā immunosuppressive roa: Penei i te rituximab, i te mycophenolate rānei
• Te maimoatanga pupuri: Hei aukati i ngā wāhanga a muri ake nei

He maha ngā tāngata me te MOGAD e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga tonu hei aukati i ngā hoki mai, inā koa mena kua maha ngā wāhanga. Ka mahi tahi tō taote ki a koe ki te kimi i te taurite tika i waenganui i te aukati i ngā whakaeke me te whakaiti i ngā pānga o te rongoā.

He tino motuhake ngā mahere maimoatanga, ka rereke te mahi pai mai i te tangata ki te tangata. Ka āwhina te tirotiro noa i tō rōpū hauora ki te whakarite i ngā rongoā kia rite ki te hiahia.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te MOGAD i te kāinga?

Ko te whakahaere i te MOGAD i te kāinga e whakauru ana ki te tiaki i tō hauora whānui i te wa e tirotiro ana i ngā tohu o ngā tohu hou. Ko te pupuri i te mau tonu ki ō rongoā kua tohua ko te mahi nui rawa atu ka taea e koe te mahi.

Pupuri i te puka tohu hei aroturuki i ngā huringa i tō tirohanga, kaha, i ētahi atu tohu neurological rānei. Ka āwhina tēnei mōhiohio i tō rōpū hauora ki te mahi i ngā whakatau whakamārama mō tō maimoatanga.

Aro nui ki te pupuri i ngā tikanga moe pai, te kai i te kai rite, me te noho mahi i te wā e taea ana e tō āhuatanga. Ka taea e te whakakori ngawari te āwhina i te pupuri i tō kaha me tō ngawari i te wa e tautoko ana i tō oranga whānui.

Ka taea e ngā tikanga whakahaere ahotea penei i te whakaaroaro, te manawa hohonu, i te tohutohu rānei te whai hua, na te mea ka taea e te ahotea te whakaohooho i ngā wāhanga i ētahi tāngata. Kaua e whakaroa ki te tono tautoko mai i te whānau, i ngā hoa, i ngā rōpū tautoko rānei.

Kia tino mohio koe he mahere kei a koe mō te whiwhi i te tiaki āwhina mena ka hiahiatia, me pupuri i ngā mōhiohio whakapā o tō rōpū hauora. Ka kite ētahi tāngata he whai hua te kawe i te kāri whakatūpato hauora e whakaatu ana i tō āhuatanga.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakatau taote?

Ko te whakarite mō tō whakatau taote ka taea te āwhina i te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i te hua nui rawa atu i tō haerenga. Tīmata mā te tuhituhi i ō tohu katoa, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou, te roa o te noho, me te mea i pai ake ai rātou, i kino ake rānei.

Kawe mai i te rārangi katoa o ō rongoā o nāianei, tae atu ki ngā horo, me ētahi atu tāpiringa e inu ana koe. Huihuia hoki ētahi atu hua whakamātautau, whakaahua MRI, i ngā rēkōta hauora rānei e pā ana ki tō āhuatanga.

Whakaritea he rārangi o ngā pūrongo mō tō whakatau, ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga, ngā pānga pea, me te mea e tatari ana koe ki te haere tonu. Kaua e manukanuka ki te maha o ngā pūrongo – e hiahia ana tō rōpū hauora ki te āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki tō āhuatanga.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i te mema whānau, i te hoa rānei hei āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui i kōrerohia i te whakatau. Ka taea hoki e rātou te whakarato tautoko ngākau me te āwhina i te tautoko i ō hiahia.

Tuhituhia ngā awangawanga mō ō mahi o ia rā, mahi, i te oranga whānau rānei ka pā pea ki tō āhuatanga. Ka taea e tō taote te whakarato aratohu mō te whakahaere i ēnei āhuatanga mahi o te noho me te MOGAD.

He aha te tango matua mō te MOGAD?

Ko te MOGAD he āhuatanga autoimmune onge engari ka taea te maimoa e pā ana ki tō tirohanga me tō pūnaha io. Ahakoa ka ātaahua pea te whiwhi i tēnei whakatau, he maha ngā tāngata me te MOGAD e ora ana i ngā oranga tino, mahi me te maimoatanga tika me te tirotiro.

Ko te mea nui rawa atu kia mahara ko te whakatau wawe me te maimoatanga e whakapai ake ana i ngā hua. Me te mārama o nāianei ki te MOGAD me ngā maimoatanga e wātea ana, he maha ngā tāngata e ora pai ana i waenganui i ngā wāhanga.

Ko te mahi tata ki tō rōpū hauora, te pupuri i te mau tonu ki ngā rongoā, me te tirotiro i ngā tohu hou ko ngā kī ki te whakahaere i tēnei āhuatanga pai.

Kia mahara kei te haere tonu te rangahau ki te MOGAD, kei te whakawhanakehia ngā maimoatanga hou. Ka hoatu tēnei i te tumanako mō ngā hua pai ake i te heke mai mō ngā tāngata e ora ana me tēnei āhuatanga.

Ngā pūrongo e uiuihia pinepine ana mō te MOGAD

He rite te MOGAD ki te mate maha sclerosis?

Kāo, he rerekē ngā āhuatanga o te MOGAD me te mate maha sclerosis, ahakoa ka rite ngā tohu. Ko te MOGAD e whakauru ana i ngā antibodies ki te pūmua MOG, i te wa e whakauru ana te MS i ngā mahi pūnaha ārai mate rerekē. He pai ake te tirohanga o te MOGAD i te nuinga o te wā, ka rerekē te whakautu ki ngā maimoatanga. Ka taea e tō taote te wehewehe i waenganui i a rātou mā ngā whakamātautau toto motuhake me ngā tauira MRI.

Me inu rongoā tonu ahau mō te toenga o toku ora?

Kāore pea. Ka rereke te roa o te maimoatanga i waenganui i ngā tāngata me te MOGAD. He maha ngā tāngata e hiahia ana ki te rongoā roa hei aukati i ngā hoki mai, i te wa e hiahia ana ētahi atu ki te maimoatanga i ngā wāhanga nui anake. Ka aromatawai tonu tō taote i tō āhuatanga ka taea te whakarite, te mutu rānei i ngā rongoā i runga i tō whakautu me ō taumata antibody i te wā.

Ka taea e te MOGAD te pā ki toku kaha ki te mahi, ki te haere rānei ki te kura?

Ko te pānga o te MOGAD ki te mahi, ki te kura rānei e whakawhirinaki ana ki ō tohu motuhake me te pai o te whakahaere i a rātou me te maimoatanga. He maha ngā tāngata me te MOGAD e haere tonu ana i ō rātou mahi noa me ētahi whakaritenga mena ka hiahiatia. Ka hiahia pea ngā raruraru tirohanga ki ngā whakaritenga wāhi mahi, i te wa e pā ana ngā tohu hinengaro ki te aro. Kōrerohia ō awangawanga ki tō rōpū hauora me te whakaaro ki te mahi whakaora mena he whai hua.

He whakatūpato te MOGAD?

Kāore te MOGAD i te whakatūpato i roto i ngā whānau, ahakoa ka pā pea ētahi take ira e whakapiki ana i te tūponotanga. Ko te whai i te mema whānau me te MOGAD kāore e whakapiki nui i tō morearea, a he maha ngā tāngata me te MOGAD kaore he whānau e pā ana. Heoi, ko te whai i ngā whānau me ētahi atu āhuatanga autoimmune pea ka whakapiki iti i tō morearea ki te whakawhanake i ngā āhuatanga autoimmune i te nuinga o te wā.

Ka taea e ngā tamariki me te MOGAD te ora noa?

Ae, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tamariki me te MOGAD te ora noa, hauora me te maimoatanga tika. Ka ora pai ngā tamariki i ngā wāhanga MOGAD, a he maha e ora ana i te whakakore katoa. He mea nui rawa atu te whakatau wawe me te maimoatanga i roto i ngā tamariki hei aukati i ngā raruraru ka pā pea ki ō rātou whanaketanga. Mahi tata ki ngā tohunga tamariki hei whakarite ka whiwhi tō tamaiti i te tiaki me te tautoko e tika ana mō tōna tau.