He aha te Mate Pūnaha Maha? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te mate pūnaha maha (MSA) tētahi mate pūnao rāre he kino ki ngā pūnaha tinana maha i te wā kotahi. Ka puta mai i te wa e pakaru haere ana ngā pūtau roro e whakahaere ana i te nekehanga, te taurite, me ngā mahi tinana aunoa, ka mutu te mahi tika.

He mate whakaheke tenei, arā, ka kino haere i te wā. Ahakoa he rite ngā āhuatanga o te MSA ki te mate Parkinson, ka pā ki ngā wāhanga roro maha i te wā kotahi, ā, ka tere ake te whakaheke. Ka taea e te mōhiotanga ki te MSA te āwhina i a koe ki te kite i ōna tohu, ā, ki te mohio ki te wā hei rapu awhina hauora.

He aha te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

Ko te mate pūnaha maha tētahi mate neurodegenerative e pā ana ki ngā tāngata pakeke neke atu i te 50. Ko te ingoa e whakaatu ana i te mea e puta ana - ka mutu te mahi tika o ngā pūnaha tinana maha nā te pakaru o ngā pūtau roro.

Kei roto i tō roro ngā pūtau motuhake e whakaputa ana i te pūmua e kiia nei ko te alpha-synuclein. I roto i te MSA, ka hangahia tēnei pūmua i te āhua koretake, ā, ka whakangaro i ngā pūtau e whakahaere ana i te nekehanga, te taurite, te toto, me ētahi atu mahi aunoa penei i te manawa me te kai.

E rua ngā momo nui o te MSA. Ko te momo tuatahi e pā ana ki te nekehanga, ā, e kiia ana ko te MSA-P (ko te P hei tohu i ngā āhuatanga parkinsonian). Ko te momo tuarua e pā ana ki te taurite me te hononga, ā, e kiia ana ko te MSA-C (ko te C hei tohu i ngā āhuatanga cerebellar).

E pā ana te MSA ki te 4 i roto i te 100,000 o te iwi. Ahakoa he rāre, he mea nui te whiwhi i te tautuhi tika, nā te mea ka taea e ngā maimoatanga te whakahaere i ngā tohu, ā, te whakapai ake i te kounga o te ora.

He aha ngā Momo o te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

E rua ngā ahua nui o te MSA, e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō roro me tō tinana. Ka āwhina te mōhiotanga ki ēnei momo i ngā tākuta ki te whakarato i te tiaki pai ake, ā, ka āwhina i a koe ki te mohio ki te mea e tatari ana.

Ko te MSA-P (momo Parkinsonian) e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga roro e whakahaere ana i te nekehanga. Ka kite pea koe i ngā nekehanga ngāwari, te ngoikore o te uaua, ngā wiri, me te uaua ki te taurite. Ka rite pea tenei momo ki te mate Parkinson i ngā wā tīmata.

Ko te MSA-C (momo Cerebellar) e whakangaro ana i te cerebellum, ko te wāhanga roro e kawenga ana mō te hononga me te taurite. Ka kite pea ngā tāngata kei a rātou tēnei momo i te haere kore taurite, te uaua ki ngā nekehanga tika, me ngā raruraru ki te kōrero.

Kei ētahi tāngata ngā āhuatanga o ngā momo e rua, ka taea te whakawhāiti i te tautuhi. Ka arotake tika tō tākuta i ō tohu motuhake hei whakatau i te momo kei a koe, ā, hei hanga i te mahere maimoatanga pai rawa atu mō tō āhuatanga.

He aha ngā Tohutohu o te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

Ka whanake haere ngā tohu MSA, ā, ka rerekē rawa atu i te tangata ki te tangata. Ko ngā tohu tīmata he ngāwari, ā, ka taea te whakaaro he koroheketanga noa, he ētahi atu āhuatanga.

Ko ngā tohu tīmata tino noa ko:

• Te wiri i te tū (nā ngā huringa toto)
• Te uaua ki te taurite me te hononga
• Ngā nekehanga ngāwari, uaua
• Ngā huringa kōrero, tae atu ki te kōrero whakapohehe, he ngāwari rānei
• Ngā raruraru pūnaha mimi, pēnei i te hiahia tere, te uaua rānei ki te whakamakuku katoa
• Ngā raruraru moe, te mahi atu i ngā moemoea

I te whakaheke o te MSA, ka kite pea koe i ētahi atu tohu. Ka taea e ēnei te whakauru i te uaua o te uaua, ngā wiri e puta ana i te okioki, te uaua ki te horomi, me ngā raruraru ki te whakahaere i te pāmahana.

Kei ētahi tāngata ngā raruraru manawa, ina koa i te moe. He mea noa hoki ngā huringa i te kounga o te reo, pēnei i te reo ngāwari ake, he reo kotahi rānei, i te whakaheke o te āhuatanga.

Ko ngā tohu rāre engari he kino ka taea te whakauru i ngā heke nui o te toto, te uaua ki te manawa, me ngā raruraru ki te whakahaere i te pāmahana o te tinana. Me rapu awhina hauora tonu ēnei tohu ina puta mai.

He aha ngā Take o te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

Kaore i te mohiotia te take tika o te MSA, engari kua kitea e ngā kairangahau ētahi take nui. Ka puta mai te āhuatanga i te whakakotahitanga o te ngoikore o te ira me ngā āhuatanga taiao.

Ko te raruraru matua i roto i te MSA e pā ana ki te pūmua e kiia nei ko te alpha-synuclein. I te nuinga, ka āwhina tēnei pūmua i ngā pūtau io ki te mahi tika. I roto i te MSA, ka hē te hanga o te pūmua, ā, ka kohikohi ki roto i ngā pūtau roro, ka mutu ka mate.

Ka taea e ngā take ira te whai wāhi, ahakoa kaore te MSA i whakawhiwhia tika pēnei i ētahi atu āhuatanga. Kua kitea e ngā kāre e pā ana ki te ira ētahi rerekētanga ira ka taea te whakawhāiti i ētahi tāngata, engari ko te whai i ēnei rerekētanga kaore e whakamana ka whanake koe i te MSA.

Kei te akohia hoki ngā āhuatanga taiao. Kei te rangahau ētahi kairangahau mēnā ko te whakawhitinga ki ētahi poizon, mate, he ētahi atu whakaohooho taiao ka taea te whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga MSA i roto i ngā tāngata ngoikore o te ira.

Ko te tau te take morearea tino kaha. Ka whanake pea te MSA i roto i ngā tāngata i waenga i ngā tau 50 me te 70, ko te tau toharite o te tīmatanga ko te 60 tau.

Nōhea te Tiro ki te Tākuta mō te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta ki te kite koe i ngā raruraru pumau ki te nekehanga, te taurite, te whakahaere rānei i te toto. He mea nui te aromatawai wawe, nā te mea ka taea e te tautuhi tere te whakahaere pai ake i ngā tohu.

Rapua te awhina hauora ki te kite koe i te wiri maha i te tū, ngā hinga whakamārama kore, he huringa nui rānei i tō nekehanga, i tō hononga rānei. Ka taea e ēnei tohu te tohu i te MSA, he ētahi atu āhuatanga kino rānei e hiahia ana ki te aromatawai ngaio.

Waea atu ki tō tākuta tonu ki te whanake koe i ngā raruraru manawa nui, ngā huringa toto nui, he kino tere rānei o ētahi tohu neurological. Ka taea e ēnei te tohu i ngā raruraru kino e hiahia ana ki te tiaki tere.

Kaua e tatari ki te uaua ki te horomi, ki te manawa rānei i te moe. Ka taea e ēnei tohu te kino, ā, e hiahia ana ki te aromatawai hauora tere hei aukati i ngā raruraru pēnei i te ngākau, he raruraru manawa e pā ana ki te moe.

He aha ngā Take Morearea mō te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

Kei ētahi take ka taea te whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga ki te whanaketanga MSA, ahakoa ko te whai i ngā take morearea kaore e tikanga ka whiwhi koe i te āhuatanga. Ka taea e te mōhiotanga ki ēnei take te āwhina i a koe ki te noho mataara ki ngā tohu tīmata.

Ko te tau te take morearea tino nui. E pā ana te MSA ki ngā tāngata pakeke neke atu i te 50, ko te nuinga o ngā take e puta ana i waenga i ngā tau 55 me te 75. Ka piki ake te morearea i te pikinga o te tau i roto i tenei tawhiti.

He wāhi te ira tangata, ko ngā tāne te tino tūpono ki te whanaketanga MSA atu i ngā wāhine. Heoi, he iti te rerekētanga, ā, ka taea te pā ki ngā tāne me ngā wāhine.

Kei ētahi take ira ka taea te whai wāhi ki te morearea MSA. Ahakoa kaore te āhuatanga i whakawhiwhia tika, ko te whai i ētahi rerekētanga ira ka taea te whakawhāiti i a koe ki te whakawhitinga ki ngā whakaohooho taiao.

Kei te akohia ngā whakawhitinga mahi, he whakawhitinga taiao rānei hei take morearea pea. Kei te whakaatu mai ētahi rangahau ko te whakawhitinga ki ētahi matū, poizon rānei ka taea te whakapiki ake i te morearea, engari kaore ano tenei hononga i whakatūria katoa.

He aha ngā Raruraru Pea o te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

Ka taea e te MSA te arahi ki ngā raruraru kino maha i te whakaheke, engari ko te mōhiotanga ki ēnei wāhi ka āwhina i a koe me tō rōpū hauora ki te whakarite, ki te whakahaere tika.

Ko ngā raruraru cardiovascular kei roto i ngā take tino noa me ngā take kino. Ka taea e ngā heke nui o te toto i te tū te whakaeke i ngā hinga me ngā whara. Kei ētahi tāngata ngā āwangawanga ngakau koretake, he raruraru ngakau rānei.

Ka taea te nui o ngā raruraru manawa i te whakaheke o te MSA. Ka whanake pea koe i te apnea moe, kei reira te mutu o te manawa i te wā poto i te moe, he raruraru rānei ki te manawa i te wā e ara ana. Ka taea e ēnei raruraru te mate, ki te kore e whakahaere tika.

Ka taea te whanake i ngā raruraru horomi (dysphagia), te whakapiki ake i te morearea o te ngākau, te horomia rānei o te kai ki roto i ngā ngāwari. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te mate pneumonia, tētahi raruraru kino e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga tere.

Ko ngā raruraru nekehanga e whakauru ana i te pikinga o te morearea hinga nā te raruraru taurite me te ngoikore o te uaua. Ka taea e ngā hinga te hua i ngā whati, ngā whara o te ulu, me ētahi atu trauma kino ka taea te pā kino ki te kounga o te ora.

Ko ngā raruraru rāre engari he kino ka taea te whakauru i te mahi autonomic kino, kei reira te ngaro o tō tinana i te mana ki ngā mahi taketake pēnei i te toto, te tere o te ngakau, me te manawa. Ka taea hoki te kino o ngā raruraru pūnaha mimi me te pūnaha whekau, i ētahi wā e hiahia ana ki ngā mahi pokanga.

Me pēhea te Tautuhi i te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

Ko te tautuhi i te MSA e hiahia ana ki te aromatawai tika e te neurologist e tohunga ana ki ngā mate nekehanga. Kaore he whakamātautau kotahi e taea te tautuhi tika i te MSA, no reira ka whakamahi ngā tākuta i te whakakotahitanga o ngā huarahi.

Ka tīmata tō tākuta me te hītori hauora taipitopito me te whakamātautau tinana. Ka ui rātou ki ō tohu, te wā i tīmata ai, me te āhua o te whakaheke. Ko te whakamātautau tinana e arotahi ana ki te whakamātautau i tō nekehanga, tō taurite, ō whakautu, me ō mahi autonomic.

He mea nui ngā ako whakaahua roro mō te tautuhi. Ka taea e ngā tirohanga MRI te whakaatu i ngā huringa āhuatanga i roto i te hanganga roro e tautoko ana i te tautuhi MSA. Ka taea hoki e ēnei tirohanga te awhina i te whakakore i ētahi atu āhuatanga ka taea te whakaeke i ngā tohu rite.

Ka ine ngā whakamātautau mahi autonomic i te pai o te whakahaere a tō pūnaha io i ngā mahi tinana aunoa. Ka taea e ēnei te whakauru i ngā whakamātautau e aroturuki ana i tō whakautu toto ki te tū, he whakamātautau manawa rānei e tirotiro ana i ngā raruraru manawa e pā ana ki te moe.

I ētahi wā ka whakamahi ngā tākuta i te whakamātautau rongoā me te levodopa (he rongoā Parkinson) hei āwhina i te wehe i te MSA i te mate Parkinson. Ko ngā tāngata kei a rātou te MSA kaore e kite i te pai ki tēnei rongoā, ko ngā tāngata kei a rātou te mate Parkinson te tino pai te whakautu.

I ētahi wā, ka taea e ngā tākuta te tūtohutia ētahi atu whakamātautau motuhake pēnei i te DaTscan (e titiro ana ki te mahi dopamine i roto i te roro) he whakamātautau autonomic rānei hei whiwhi i te whakaahua marama ake o tō āhuatanga.

He aha te Maimoatanga mō te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

Ahakoa kaore he rongoā mō te MSA i tēnei wā, ka taea e ngā maimoatanga maha te āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohu, ā, te whakapai ake i te kounga o tō ora. Ko te matua ko te mahi tahi me te rōpū hauora tohunga hei whakahaere i ia tohu motuhake.

Ko ngā tohu nekehanga e whakahaerea ana i te nuinga me ngā rongoā rite ki ngā mea e whakamahia ana mō te mate Parkinson. Ka taea e te Levodopa/carbidopa te whakarato i ētahi painga, ahakoa he iti te whakautu i te whakataurite ki te mate Parkinson. Ka taea e tō tākuta te whakamātautau i ētahi atu rongoā pēnei i te amantadine, he dopamine agonists rānei.

Ko ngā raruraru toto e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere tika me ngā rongoā me ngā huarahi noho. Ka taea e te Fludrocortisone te āwhina i te whakapiki ake i te toto, ko ngā kākahu komiriti me te pikinga o te tote ka tūtohutia hoki hei aukati i ngā heke kino i te tū.

He mea nui te rongoā tinana mō te pupuri i te nekehanga, te aukati i ngā hinga. Ka taea e te kaiwhakaora tinana tohunga te whakaako i a koe i ngā whakakori hei whakapai ake i te taurite, te kaha, me te hononga i te whakaatu i a koe i ngā huarahi haumaru hei neke me te whakawhiti.

Ka āwhina te rongoā kōrero ki te whakahaere i ngā raruraru kōrero me te horomi. Ka taea e ngā tohunga kōrero-reo te whakaako i ngā tikanga hei whakapai ake i te marama o te kōrero me ngā rautaki horomi haumaru hei aukati i te horomia.

Mō ngā raruraru manawa, ka taea e tō tākuta te tūtohutia he mīhini CPAP mō te apnea moe, he ētahi atu taputapu tautoko manawa rānei. I ngā take kino, ka hiahiatia pea te tautoko manawa nui ake.

Ko te mahi pūnaha mimi e hiahia ana i te nuinga ki ngā rongoā pēnei i te oxybutynin mō te pūnaha mimi nui ake, he ētahi atu maimoatanga rānei e whakawhirinaki ana ki ō tohu motuhake. Kei ētahi tāngata ka hiahia pea ki te catheterization waatea hei whakamakuku katoa i te pūnaha mimi.

Me pēhea te Tango i te Maimoatanga Kāinga i te wā o te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

Ko te whakahaere i te MSA i te kāinga e whakauru ana i te hanga i te taiao haumaru me te whai i ngā rautaki e āwhina ana i a koe ki te pupuri i te motuhake i te wā e noho haumaru ana. Ka taea e ngā huringa iti te whakarereke nui i tō mātauranga me tō haumaru o ia rā.

He mea nui te aukati hinga i roto i tō whakaritenga kāinga. Tangohia ngā mohiti ngāwari, kia pai te mārama i roto i tō whare, ā, tāutahia ngā pou hopu i roto i ngā ruma kaukau. Whakaarohia te whakamahi i te nohoanga kaukau me ngā mohiti kore-heke hei aukati i ngā hinga ruma kaukau.

Ko te whakahaere i ngā heke toto e hiahia ana ki ētahi whakaritenga noho. Whakatika haere mai i ngā tūnga takoto, noho rānei, kia pai te inu wai, ā, kakahuria ngā kākahu komiriti ki te tūtohutia e tō tākuta. Pupurihia he nohoanga tata ina tū mo ngā wā roa.

Ka taea e ngā whakaritenga kai te āwhina ki ngā raruraru horomi. Tangohia ngā wahi iti, ngāwawha tika, ā, karohia ngā kai e uaua ana te horomi. Ko te noho tika i te wā e kai ana, mo te 30 meneti i muri mai ka taea te aukati i te horomia.

Ka noho tino nui te hauora moe me te MSA. Whakamahia he moenga pakari, whakaarohia he moenga hōhipera ki te uaua te eke me te heke, ā, whai i ngā tūtohu a tō tākuta mō te maimoatanga apnea moe ki te hiahiatia.

Noho mahi i roto i ō kaha mā ngā whakakori ngāwari, te haere, me ngā mahi e pai ana koe. Ko te nekehanga noa e āwhina ana ki te pupuri i te kaha o te uaua, ā, ka taea te whakapai ake i te ngākau me te oranga whānui.

Me pēhea te Whakarite mō tō Hui Tākuta?

Ko te whakarite pai mō ō hui hauora e āwhina ana ki te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i te painga nui rawa atu i tō wā me te rōpū hauora. Ko te whakarite pai e arahi ana ki te kōrero pai ake me te tiaki pai ake.

Pupurihia he tātai tohu mo te iti rawa i te wiki i mua i tō hui. Tuhia te wā e puta mai ai ngā tohu, te mahi i mahi ai koe, me te āhua o te kino. Ka āwhina ēnei korero i tō tākuta ki te mōhio ki ngā tauira, ki te whakarite rānei i ngā maimoatanga.

Kawe mai he rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā, ngā taapiri, me ngā huaora katoa e inu ana koe, tae atu ki ngā horopeta me te wā. Kawe mai hoki ētahi rēkōta hauora mai i ētahi atu tākuta, he hua whakamātautau hou rānei kaore pea tō tākuta o nāianei e whai.

Tuhia ō pūrongo i mua i te hui kia kaua e wareware i ngā āwangawanga nui. Whakaritehia ō pūrongo tino nui ki te poto te wā i te wā o te haerenga.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi mema whānau, he hoa rānei hei āwhina i te maumahara i ngā korero i kōrerotia, hei whakarato i te tautoko. Ka taea hoki e rātou te whakaatu i ngā huringa kua kite rātou kaore pea koe e mōhio.

Whakaritea te kōrero me pēhea te pā o ō tohu ki ō mahi o ia rā. Kia tino marama ki te mea kua uaua ake, me ngā rautaki kua whakamātau koe ki te whakahaere i ngā raruraru.

He aha te Tango Matua mō te Mate Pūnaha Maha?

Ko te mate pūnaha maha tētahi āhuatanga kino engari ka taea te whakahaere ina whai koe i te rōpū hauora tika me te pūnaha tautoko. Ahakoa he whakaheke te MSA, he maha ngā tāngata e ora ana i ngā ora whai hua mo ngā tau i muri i te tautuhi me te maimoatanga tika me te tiaki.

Ka taea e te tautuhi me te maimoatanga wawe te whakapai ake i te kounga o tō ora, ā, te āwhina i te aukati i ngā raruraru. Kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu awhina hauora ki te kite koe i ngā tohu e awangawanga ana, ina koa ngā raruraru ki te nekehanga, te taurite, te toto rānei.

Kia mahara e pā ana te MSA ki te katoa i te rerekē, ā, ka rerekē pea tō wheako mai i te mea e whakaatu ana ētahi atu. Arotahi ki te mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora hei whakahaere i ō tohu motuhake, hei pupuri i tō motuhake i te nui rawa.

Ka taea te nui o te tautoko mai i te whānau, ngā hoa, me ngā rōpū tautoko MSA. He maha ngā tāngata e kite ana ko te hononga ki ētahi atu e mōhio ana ki te āhuatanga e whakarato ana i te tautoko ngākau me ngā tohutohu mahi mō ngā wero o ia rā.

Ngā Pātai Nui e Uihia ana mō te Mate Pūnaha Maha

E hira te roa ka taea te ora me te mate pūnaha maha?

Ko te whakaheke o te MSA e rerekē ana i te tangata ki te tangata, engari ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e ora ana i te 6-10 tau i muri i te tautuhi. Kei ētahi tāngata he whakaheke ngāwari ake, ā, ka ora pea mō te roa, ko ētahi atu ka kite pea i ngā huringa tere ake. Ko te kounga o te ora me te whakahaere tohu he mea nui ake te whakaaro atu i te roa o te ora, ā, he maha ngā tāngata e ora tonu ana i ngā mahi whai hua me ngā hononga i roto i to rātou haerenga me te MSA.

He whakawhiwhia te mate pūnaha maha?

Kaore te MSA i whakawhiwhia tika pēnei i ētahi mate ira, no reira kaore e rere i roto i ngā whānau. Heoi, kua kitea e ngā kairangahau ko ētahi rerekētanga ira ka taea te whakawhāiti i ētahi tāngata ki te whanaketanga MSA ina whakawhitinga ki ngā whakaohooho taiao. Ko te whai i tētahi mema whānau kei a ia te MSA kaore e whakapiki nui i tō morearea ki te whanaketanga o te āhuatanga.

Ka taea te aukati i te mate pūnaha maha?

I tēnei wā, kaore he huarahi e mohiotia ana hei aukati i te MSA, nā te mea kaore i te tino mōhiotia e tatou te take. Mai i te tau te take morearea matua, ā, ka puta mai te āhuatanga i te mahi tahi o ngā take ira me ngā take taiao, kaore ngā rautaki aukati i whakatūria pai. Ko te pupuri i te hauora whānui mā te whakakori noa, te kai hauora, me te karo i ngā poizon e mohiotia ana ka pai pea mō te hauora roro whānui, engari kaore ēnei mahi i whakamāramahia hei aukati motuhake i te MSA.

Me pēhea te rerekē o te MSA i te mate Parkinson?

Ahakoa he rite ngā tohu o te MSA me te mate Parkinson, he āhuatanga motuhake rāua. Ko te MSA e tere ake te whakaheke, ā, e pā ana ki ngā pūnaha tinana maha i te wā kotahi, tae atu ki te whakahaere toto, te manawa, me te mahi pūnaha mimi. Ko ngā tāngata kei a rātou te MSA kaore e tino pai te whakautu ki te rongoā levodopa, e āwhina ana i te nuinga ki ngā tāngata kei a rātou te mate Parkinson. E tino whakaputa ana hoki te MSA i ngā raruraru taurite me te mahi autonomic atu i te mate Parkinson.

Me aha ahau ki te whakaaro au kei ahau pea te MSA?

Ki te kite koe i ngā tohu e awangawanga ana koe, whakaritea he hui ki tō tākuta tiaki matua tuatahi. Ka taea e rātou te aromatawai i ō tohu, ā, te tono atu ki te neurologist ki te hiahiatia. Kaua e whakamātau ki te tautuhi koe, nā te mea he maha ngā āhuatanga ka taea te whakaeke i ngā tohu rite. Pupurihia te tuhi i ō tohu, te wā e puta mai ai, me te āhua o te pā ki ō mahi o ia rā. He mea nui te aromatawai wawe, nā te mea ka taea e te tautuhi tika me te maimoatanga te āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohu, ā, te whakapai ake i te kounga o tō ora.