He aha te Mumpa? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te mumpa he mate huaketo ka pā te mate, ka pupū te ngutu, ina koa ngā ngutu e tata ana ki ō taringa me tō kauae. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki te mate nei, ahakoa ka taea e ngā pakeke te whiwhi mena kāo ratou i whakakakahu rānei i mua.

Ka horapa ngāwari te mate mā ngā matū o te manawa ina maremare, ia ūkū, ia kōrero te tangata he mumpa. Ahakoa i tino noa te mumpa i mua, kua iti haere te maha o ngā whenua i te ao nei i te whakakakahu whānui.

He aha ngā tohu o te mumpa?

Ko te tohu nui o te mumpa ko te pupū o ngā ngutu, ka pupū tō mata, ina koa te taha o te kauae me ngā taringa. Ka puta tēnei pupū i te taha kotahi, i ngā taha e rua rānei o tō mata, ā, ka kore e ngāwari te kai, te inu, te kōrero rānei.

I mua i te puta mai o te pupū, ka kite pea koe i ētahi tohu whakamārama i mua i te kitea o te mate:

• Te kirika, ka tae pea ki te 101-103°F (38-39°C)
• Te mamae o te upoko me te kore e pai te noho
• Te mamae o ngā uaua i roto i tō tinana
• Te ngaro o te hiahia kai
• Te ngenge me te ngoikore
• Te mamae ina ngau kai, ina ngākau rānei
• Te uaua ki te whakatuwhera i tō waha katoa

Ko te pupū teitei i roto i te 1-3 rā, ā, ka roa pea kia 10 rā. Ka tīmata te nuinga o te iwi ki te pai ake i te heke iho o te pupū, ahakoa ka roa pea kia rua wiki te ora katoa.

He aha te take o te mumpa?

Ko te huaketo mumpa te take o te mumpa, he whānau huaketo nā te paramyxoviruses. Ko tēnei huaketo te pūtaiao o ō ngutu, ka puta ai te mumura me te pupū e whakamārama ana i te mate.

Ka horapa te huaketo i te tangata ki te tangata mā ngā matū o te manawa. Ina maremare, ūkū, kōrero rānei te tangata he mumpa, ka tukuna e ia ngā matū iti kei roto te huaketo ki te rangi. Ka taea e koe te hopu i te mumpa mā te manawa i ēnei matū, mā te pā atu rānei ki ngā papa kua whakapokea, ka pā atu ki tō mata.

Ko te nuinga o te tangata he mumpa te tino pāwera mai i te 2 rā i mua i te puta mai o ngā tohu tae noa ki te 5 rā i muri i te tīmatanga o te pupū. Ko te tikanga tenei ka taea e te tangata te horapa i te huaketo ahakoa i mua i te mohio kei te mate rātou, koia te take ka taea te horapa tere o te mumpa ki ngā kura, ki ngā whare noho rānei, ki ētahi atu wāhi e tata ana te hononga.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō te mumpa?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mena ka whakaaro koe he mumpa, ina koa ki te kite koe i te pupū o te mata me te kirika. Ka āwhina te tautuhi wawe ki te whakarite i te tiaki tika me te aukati i te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu.

Rapua te awhina hauora tonu mena ka puta mai tētahi o ēnei tohu kino atu ki a koe, ki tō tamaiti rānei:

• Te mamae nui o te upoko me te ngawari o te kaki
• Te kirika nui i runga ake i te 103°F (39.4°C)
• Te mamae nui o te kopu
• Te mamae o te hua manu, te pupū rānei i ngā tane
• Te raru o te rongonga, te mamae rānei o te taringa
• Te uaua ki te noho ara, te whakapohehe rānei
• Te ruaki tonu

Ka taea e ēnei tohu te tohu i ngā raruraru e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga hauora tere. Kaua e whakaroa ki te karanga atu ki tō taote mena kei te manukanuka koe mō ētahi tohu, i te mea ka taea e rātou te whakarato i ngā aratohu e tika ana mō tō āhuatanga.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te mumpa?

Ko tō morearea o te whiwhi mumpa e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō tūāhua whakakakahu me tō whakawhitinga ki te huaketo. Ko te hunga kāore i whakakakahu i te MMR (mate measles, mumpa, rubella) te tino morearea o te mate.

He maha ngā take ka piki ake tō tūāhua o te hopu i te mumpa:

• Te kore whakakakahu, te kore rānei i te whakakakahu
• Te whānau i mua i te 1957 (i te wā kāore i te noa te whakakakahu)
• Te noho tata, penei i ngā whare noho, i ngā whare hoia rānei
• Te haere ki ngā wāhi e tino noa ana te mumpa
• Te ngoikore o te pūnaha mate
• Te hononga ki te tangata he mumpa

He mea nui hoki te tau, ahakoa he iti ake te whakataurite ki te tūāhua whakakakahu. Ahakoa i pā te mumpa ki ngā tamariki i mua, kua puta mai ngā mate hou i roto i ngā taitamariki me ngā tāne taitamariki, ina koa i ngā wāhi whare wānanga e noho tata ana te iwi.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mumpa?

Ko te nuinga o te iwi ka ora mai i te mumpa kahore he raruraru nui, engari ka puta mai ngā raruraru, ina koa ki ngā taitamariki me ngā pakeke. Ko te mārama ki ēnei wāhi ka āwhina i a koe ki te matawai i ngā mea hei titiro i te wā e ora ana.

Ko ngā raruraru noa e puta mai ana ko:

• Orchitis (te mumura o te hua manu) i ngā tane i muri i te pakeketanga
• Oophoritis (te mumura o te hua manu) i ngā wāhine
• Meningitis (te mumura o ngā kiri o te roro me te tuaiwi)
• Te ngaro o te rongonga
• Pancreatitis (te mumura o te pancreas)

Ka taea hoki te puta mai o ngā raruraru kino, ahakoa he iti te maha me te tiaki hauora tika:

• Te ngaro o te rongonga
• Encephalitis (te mumura o te roro)
• Myocarditis (te mumura o te uaua o te ngakau)
• Te mate khớp ở các khớp
• Nga raruraru whatukuhu
• Te ngaro o te kopu i ngā wāhine hapu (he iti te maha)

Ko te nuinga o ngā raruraru ka ora katoa me te wā me te maimoatanga tika. Ka tirotirohia koe e tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō ngā tohu o ngā raruraru, ka whakarato i te maimoatanga mena e hiahiatia ana.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mumpa?

Ko te whakakakahu MMR te tiaki pai rawa atu ki te mumpa. He tino whai hua tēnei whakakakahu, ā, kua whakaitihia te maha o ngā keehi mumpa puta noa te ao mai i te whakaurunga.

Ko te kaupapa whakakakahu noa e rua ngā horoinga: te horoinga tuatahi i waenga i te 12-15 marama te pakeke, me te tuarua i waenga i te 4-6 tau. Me whiwhi te hunga pakeke i whānau i muri i te 1957 kāore i whakakakahu i te iti rawa kotahi te horoinga, ā, ka hiahia pea ngā kaimahi hauora, ngā tūruhi o te ao rānei ki te rua ngā horoinga.

I tua atu i te whakakakahu, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i tō morearea mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga hauora pai:

• Te horoi i ō ringa maha atu me te haupae me te wai
• Te karo i te hononga tata ki ngā tangata mate
• Te kore whakawhāiti i ngā inu, i ngā taputapu, i ngā taonga whaiaro rānei
• Te hipoki i tō waha me tō ihu ina maremare, ina ūkū rānei
• Te noho i te kāinga ina mate koe

Mena kāore koe e tino mohio ki tō tūāhua whakakakahu, ka taea e te whakamātau toto ngāwari te tirotiro i ō taumata ātete, ka taea rānei e koe te whakakakahu haumaru ahakoa te hītori whakakakahu o mua.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i te mumpa?

Ko te nuinga o ngā taote e tautuhi ana i te mumpa i runga i ngā tohu, ina koa te pupū o te mata me te kirika me ētahi atu tohu huaketo. Ka tirotirohia e tō kaiwhakarato hauora ō ngutu pupū, ka ui ki ō tohu me tō hītori whakakakahu.

Hei whakau i te tautuhi, ka tono pea tō taote i ētahi whakamātautau motuhake:

• Ngā whakamātautau toto hei kite i ngā antibodi mumpa, i te huaketo anō rānei
• Te whakamātautau waha, te korokoro rānei hei kite i te huaketo mumpa
• Te whakamātautau mimi i ētahi wā

Ka āwhina ēnei whakamātautau ki te wehewehe i te mumpa i ētahi atu āhuatanga e taea ai te pupū rite, penei i ngā mate huaketo o ngā ngutu, i ētahi atu mate huaketo rānei. He mea nui te whiwhi i te tautuhi tika mō te maimoatanga tika me te aukati i te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te mumpa?

Kāore he rongoā huaketo motuhake mō te mumpa, no reira ka aro te maimoatanga ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu me te tautoko i te tukanga ora taiao o tō tinana. Ko te nuinga o te iwi ka ora katoa me te okioki me te tiaki tautoko i te kāinga.

Ka tūtohu pea tō kaiwhakarato hauora i ēnei whakamahinga whakamarie:

• Te whiwhi i te nui o te okioki hei āwhina i tō pūnaha ātete ki te whawhai ki te huaketo
• Te tango i ngā rongoā mamae-kore penei i te acetaminophen, i te ibuprofen rānei mō te mamae me te kirika
• Te whakamahi i ngā kāpeka wera, i ngā kāpeka makariri rānei ki ngā wāhi pupū mō te whakamarie
• Te inu i te nui o ngā wai hei pupuri i te makuku
• Te kai i ngā kai ngawari kāore e hiahia ki te ngau nui
• Te karo i ngā kai waikawa me ngā inu ka piki ake pea te mamae

Mena ka puta mai ngā raruraru, ka whakarato tō taote i ngā maimoatanga motuhake. Hei tauira, ka hiahia pea ngā keehi kino ki te noho i te whare hauora mō ngā wai IV, te tirotiro rānei, ā, ka hiahia pea ngā raruraru penei i te orchitis ki te whakahaere mamae atu me ngā rongoā anti-mumura.

Me pēhea te tango i te maimoatanga kāinga i te wā o te mumpa?

Ko te tiaki i a koe i te kāinga he mea nui ki tō ora mai i te mumpa. Ko te mea nui ko te okioki, te noho whakamarie, me te tautoko i tō tinana i te whawhai ki te huaketo.

Aro atu ki ngā rautaki kai me te inu e whakaiti ana i te kore e ngāwari:

• Tīpakohia ngā kai ngawari, ngawari penei i te hupa, te waiū, te pūrua rānei

Inuhia te nui o te wai, engari karohia ngā wai waikawa ka taea te wero

Whakamahia he kōhau mena he mamae te whakatuwhera i tō waha whānuitia

Horohorohia tō waha ki te wai tote mahana mō te whakamarie

Mō te whakahaere i te mamae me te pupū, whakawhitiwhiti i waenga i ngā kāpeka wera me ngā kāpeka makariri ki ō ngutu pupū kia kite he aha te pai ake. Tangohia ngā rongoā mamae penei i te tohutohu a tō kaiwhakarato hauora, kaua hoki e nui atu i ngā horoinga e tūtohutia ana.

Noho motuhake atu i ētahi atu tae noa ki te 5 rā i muri i te tīmatanga o ō tohu hei aukati i te horapa o te huaketo. Ko te tikanga tenei ko te noho i te kāinga mai i te mahi, i te kura, i ngā mahi pāpori rānei i tēnei wā pāwera.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakatau ki te taote?

I mua i tō whakatau, kohikohia ngā mōhiohio mō ō tohu, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou me te āhua o te whakawhāiti. Tuhia katoa ō tohu, ahakoa ngā mea kaore pea e hono, i te mea ka āwhina tēnei i tō taote ki te whiwhi i te whakaahua katoa.

Kawe mai ngā mōhiohio hauora nui ki a koe:

• Ngā rēkōta whakakakahu, ina koa ngā rā whakakakahu MMR
• Rārangi o ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri o nāianei
• Mōhiohio mō te haere tata nei, te whakawhitinga rānei ki ngā tangata mate
• Tetahi hītori o mua o te mumpa, o ngā mate rite rānei

Whakaritea ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui ki tō taote, penei i te roa o tō pāwera, te wā ka taea te hoki ki te mahi, ki te kura rānei, me ngā tohu whakamārama e hiahia ana koe ki te karanga atu. Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui mō tetahi mea kei te manukanuka koe.

Karanga atu ki mua kia mohio te tari kei te whakaaro koe he mumpa kia taea ai e rātou te tango i ngā whakaritenga hei aukati i te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu turoro. Ka tono pea rātou kia tomo koe mā te tomokanga motuhake, kia tatari rānei koe i te wāhi motuhake.

He aha te mea nui mō te mumpa?

Ko te mumpa he mate huaketo ka taea te aukati, ka puta ai te pupū o ō ngutu. Ahakoa kaore e ngāwari, ka puta mai pea ngā raruraru, ka ora katoa te nuinga o te iwi me te tiaki tautoko me te okioki.

Ko te mea nui rawa atu hei mahara ko te whakakakahu te tiaki pai ki te mumpa. Mena kāore koe e tino mohio ki tō tūāhua whakakakahu, korero ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō te whakakakahu, te tirotiro rānei i tō ātete.

Mena ka puta mai te mumpa ki a koe, aro atu ki te okioki, ki ngā whakamahinga whakamarie, ki te noho motuhake hoki hei aukati i te horapa o te mate. Ko te nuinga o ngā tohu ka mutu i roto i te 1-2 wiki, ā, he iti te maha o ngā raruraru kino.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te mumpa

Ka taea te whiwhi mumpa rua?

He tino onge te whiwhi mumpa rua. Kia kotahi te whiwhi mumpa, ka whakawhanake pea tō pūnaha ātete i te ātete ora ki te huaketo. Heoi, kua pūrongohia ngā keehi onge o te whakahoki, he iti ake te tohu i te tuarua.

E hā roa te pāwera ki te mumpa?

Ko te nuinga o te pāwera mai i te 2 rā i mua i te puta mai o ngā tohu tae noa ki te 5 rā i muri i te tīmatanga o te pupū. Ko te tikanga tenei ka taea e koe te horapa i te mumpa i mua atu i te mohio kei te mate koe. Kia 5 rā kē koe i te kore tohu, kāore koe e tino pāwera.

Ka taea e ngā pakeke te whiwhi mumpa mena i whakakakahuhia rātou i te tamarikitanga?

Ae, ahakoa he onge. Ko te whakakakahu MMR he 88% te whai hua me ngā horoinga e rua, ko te tikanga tenei ka taea e ētahi tangata kua whakakakahu te whiwhi mumpa. Heoi, ko ngā tangata kua whakakakahu e whiwhi ana i te mumpa he iti ake te tohu, ka tere ake te ora i ngā tangata kāore i whakakakahu.

He morearea te mumpa i te wā hapu?

Ka taea e te mumpa i te wā hapu te piki ake i te morearea o te ngaro o te kopu, ina koa i te wa tuatahi. Heoi, kāore te mumpa e tino puta i ngā hapa whānau. Me whakapiri atu ngā wāhine hapu e whakaaro ana he whakawhitinga ki tō rātou kaiwhakarato hauora tonu mō ngā aratohu me te tirotiro.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te mumpa me ētahi atu take o te pupū o te mata?

Ko te mumpa te tikanga ka puta te pupū i ngā taha e rua o te mata e tata ana ki ngā taringa me te kauae, me te kirika me ngā mamae o te tinana. Ko ētahi atu āhuatanga penei i ngā mate huaketo o ngā ngutu te tikanga ka pā ki te taha kotahi anake, ka rerekē pea ngā tohu. Ka taea e tō taote te wehewehe i ēnei āhuatanga mā te tirotiro me te whakamātautau.