He aha te Mate Huka? Ngā Tōmhanga, Ngā Take, me te Rongoā

Ko te mate huka he āhuatanga o te whatukuhu e ngāwhawha ana te nui o te pūmua ki roto i tō mimi. Whakaarohia ō whatukuhu hei kākahu e pupuri ana i ngā pūmua nui i roto i tō toto, ā, e tango ana i ngā paru. Ki te pakaru ēnei kākahu, ka tīmata te tuku i ngā pūmua utu nui, e hanga ana i te maha o ngā raruraru puta noa i tō tinana.

Ka pā tēnei āhuatanga ki te tangata o ngā tau katoa, ahakoa ka rerekē te whakaatu i ngā tamariki me ngā pakeke. Ahakoa te āhua kino, ā, e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora, he maha ngā tāngata e whakahaere pai ana i te mate huka me te rongoā tika me te tiaki.

He aha ngā tōmhanga o te mate huka?

Ko te tohu nui o te mate huka ko te pupū, e kiia ana ko te edema. Ka puta tēnei nā te mea ka ngaro te pūmua i tō toto, ka tīmata te kohikohi wai ki roto i ō kiko, kaua ki roto i ō oko toto.

Ko ēnei ngā tōmhanga matua ka kite koe, mā te tīmata i ngā tōmhanga noa:

• Te pupū i te taha o ō kanohi, tino kitea i te ata
• Te pupū i ō waewae, ngā turi, me ngā waewae e kino ake ana i te rā
• Te mimi pupū, te pupū rānei e rite ana ki ngā hua manu i whiua
• Te piki o te taumaha mai i te pupū o te wai, ka puta pea i roto i ngā rā
• Te ngenge rānei te ngoikore
• Te ngaro o te hiahia kai

Ka kite pea etahi i ngā tōmhanga iti ake penei i te pupū o te kopu, te poto o te manawa i te takoto, te kiri rānei e pakari ana i te pupū. Ko te rongo pai ko ēnei tōmhanga ka pai ake te whakapai i te tīmatanga o te rongoā.

I roto i ngā take onge, ka kite pea koe i ngā tohu āwangawanga atu penei i te poto o te manawa, te mamae o te uma, te pupū rānei ohorere. Ko ēnei e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu, i te mea ka tohu pea i ngā raruraru.

He aha ngā momo o te mate huka?

Ka wehewehe ngā tākuta i te mate huka ki ngā kāwai e rua, i runga i te take o te pakaru o te whatukuhu. Ko te mārama ki te momo kei a koe ka āwhina i te whakatau i te huarahi rongoā pai.

Ka puta te mate huka matua ina tīmata te raruraru tika i ō whatukuhu. Ko ngā momo noa ko te mate huringa iti, he tino noa i ngā tamariki, me te glomerulosclerosis wahi-wahi, he tino noa i ngā pakeke. Kei reira hoki te nephropathy membranous, e pā ana ki ngā pakeke neke atu i te 40.

Ka puta te mate huka tuarua ina pakaru tetahi atu āhuatanga i ō whatukuhu. Ko te mate huka te take noa, ka whai ake ngā mate ā-tinana penei i te lupus. Ka taea hoki e ngā mate, ētahi rongoā, me ētahi mate pukupuku te whakaoho i tēnei momo.

Ka whakahaere tō tākuta ngā whakamātautau motuhake hei whakatau i te momo kei a koe, i te mea ka pā nui tēnei ki tō mahere rongoā me tō tirohanga.

He aha ngā take o te mate huka?

Ka puta te mate huka ina pakaru ngā waehe whakakākahu iti i ō whatukuhu, e kiia ana ko te glomeruli. Ko ēnei kākahu te mahi rite ki te whatu pai, e pupuri ana i ngā pūmua i roto i tō toto, ā, e tuku ana i ngā paru ki te haere.

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka taea te pakaru i ēnei kākahu ngawari:

• Te mate huka, ina koa ki te noho te huka toto ki runga ake i te wā
• Ngā mate ā-tinana penei i te lupus, vasculitis rānei, kei reira te pūnaha ā-tinana e whakaeke ana i ō kiko ake
• Ngā mate, tae atu ki te hepatitis B, hepatitis C, me te HIV
• Ētahi rongoā, ina koa ētahi whakaora mamae me ngā rongoā mate pāwera
• Ngā mate toto penei i te lymphoma, leukemia rānei
• Ngā āhuatanga ira e rere ana i roto i ngā whānau

I etahi wā, ina koa i ngā tamariki, kaore e taea e ngā tākuta te kimi i te take take. E kiia ana tenei ko te mate huka idiopathic, ā, ahakoa te āhua āwangawanga, ka tino pai te whakautu ki te rongoā.

I roto i ngā take onge, ko te whakamahinga i ētahi poizon, ngā mate pāwera nui, ngā toto toto rānei i roto i ngā oko whatukuhu ka taea te whakaoho i te āhuatanga. Ka uiui tō tākuta ki ēnei wāhi i runga i tō hītori hauora me ō tōmhanga.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te mate huka?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te kite koe i te pupū roa, ina koa i te taha o ō kanohi, i ō waewae, i ō waewae rānei. Ko te mimi pupū e kore e ngaro i muri i te rā, rua rānei he tohu nui tēnei e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora.

Kaua e tatari ki te kite koe i te piki ohorere o te taumaha neke atu i te 3-5 pauna i roto i ngā rā torutoru, i te mea ka tohu pea tēnei i te pupū o te wai. Pēnei anō, ki te ngenge koe me te pupū, kua tae te wā ki te tirotiro.

Rapua te tiaki hauora tonu ki te puta te poto o te manawa, te mamae o te uma, te pupū rānei ohorere puta noa i tō tinana. Ka taea e ēnei te tohu i ngā raruraru nui e hiahia ana ki te rongoā tere.

Kia mahara, ko te kite wawe me te rongoā i te mate huka ka taea te aukati i ngā raruraru me te awhina i te pupuri i tō mahi whatukuhu mo te wā roa.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te mate huka?

Ko te mārama ki ō take morearea ka taea te awhina i a koe ki te tiaki mo ngā tōmhanga me te tango i ngā mahi aukati i te wā e taea ai. Ko ētahi take kaore e taea e koe te whakahaere, engari ko ētahi ka taea e koe te whakauru mā ngā whiringa oranga.

Ko ngā āhuatanga hauora e piki ake ai tō morearea ko:

• Te mate huka, ina koa ki te kore te whakahaere huka toto
• Ngā mate ā-tinana penei i te lupus, te mate pūngāwerewere rheumatoid, vasculitis rānei
• Ngā mate roa penei i te hepatitis B, C rānei
• Te hītori whānau o te mate whatukuhu, mate huka rānei
• Ētahi mate toto, mate pukupuku rānei

Ko te tau me te iwi whenua e mahi ana hoki. Ko ngā tamariki i waenga i te 2-6 tau te pakeke he nui ake te rerenga o ētahi momo, i te wā e piki ake ana te morearea o ngā pakeke neke atu i te 65 mai i te pakaru o te whatukuhu e pā ana ki te mate huka. Ko ngā Amerikana Āwherika me ngā Hīpani he nui ake te rerenga o te mate whatukuhu katoa.

Ko ētahi rongoā, tae atu ki ētahi whakaora mamae me ngā rongoā mate pāwera, ka taea te piki ake o te morearea, ina koa me te whakamahinga roa. Ko te whai HIV, te whakamahinga rongoā i roto i te uaua, te whakamahinga rānei i ētahi matū he take morearea atu, ahakoa he iti ake te noa.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate huka?

Ahakoa te whakahaere o te mate huka me te tiaki tika, ka taea te arahi ki ngā raruraru maha ki te kore e rongoā, ki te kore rānei e whakahaere pai. Ko te mārama ki ēnei ka awhina i a koe ki te mohio ki ngā tohu whakatūpato me te mahi tata atu ki tō rōpū hauora.

Ko ngā raruraru noa ko:

• Ngā toto toto, ka kino pea ki te haere ki ō ngāwari, ki tō roro rānei
• Te piki o te morearea o ngā mate nā te ngaro o ngā pūmua tiaki
• Te kolesterol teitei me te piki o te morearea o te mate ngakau
• Te toto teitei mai i te pupū o te wai
• Te pakaru o te whatukuhu i te wā o ngā whakaoho
• Te mate wheua mai i te ngaro o te huaora D me te kōnati

Ka whanake pea etahi i ngā raruraru nui ake penei i te mate whatukuhu roa, ka taea te haere ki te pakaru o te whatukuhu i te wā roa. Ka pa pea ki ngā tamariki ngā whakaroa tipu ki te kore e whakahaere pai te āhuatanga.

I etahi wā, ko ngā take nui ka taea te arahi ki ngā raruraru morearea o te ora penei i te edema pulmonary, kei reira te kohikohi wai i roto i ngā ngāwari, te peritonitis rānei, he mate i roto i te kohanga o te kopu. Ko ēnei e hiahia ana ki te whakauru hauora tonu.

Ko te rongo whakamārama ko te rongoā tika me te tirotiro, ka taea te aukati i te nuinga o ēnei raruraru, te whakahaere rānei.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate huka?

Ahakoa kaore e taea e koe te aukati i ngā momo katoa o te mate huka, ina koa ngā momo ira, ka taea e koe te whakaiti nui i tō morearea mā te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga taketake me te pupuri i te hauora pai katoa.

Ki te whai koe i te mate huka, he mea nui te pupuri i tō huka toto. Ko te tikanga tenei te whai i tō mahere rongoā, te kai i te kai tōtika, te mahi tinana, me te tirotiro i tō huka toto penei i te tohutohu a tō tākuta.

Mō te hunga whai āhuatanga ā-tinana, ko te mahi tata atu ki tō rheumatologist, tohunga rānei hei pupuri i te mumura i raro i te whakahaere ka awhina i te tiaki i ō whatukuhu. Tangohia ngā rongoā kua tohua penei i te tohutohu me te haere ki ngā whakaritenga whai muri.

Ko ngā mahi aukati whānui ko te pupuri i te taumaha hauora, te mahi tinana, te kore whakakā, me te whakaiti i te inu waipiro. Ko ēnei take oranga e tautoko ana i te hauora whatukuhu katoa me te whakaiti i tō morearea o ngā āhuatanga ka taea te arahi ki te mate huka.

Kia tupato ki ngā rongoā mamae kore-tohu, ina koa ngā NSAIDs penei i te ibuprofen, i te whakamahinga roa ka taea te pakaru i ngā whatukuhu. Kōrero tonu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mo te whakamahinga rongoā, ina koa ki te whai koe i ētahi atu take morearea.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te mate huka?

Ko te whakatau i te mate huka e whakauru ana i ngā whakamātautau maha e awhina ana i tō tākuta ki te mārama ki te mea kei te puta i ō whatukuhu me puta noa i tō tinana. Ko te tukanga e tīmata ana i te hītori hauora me te whakamātautau tinana.

Ka tono tō tākuta ngā whakamātautau mimi hei ine i ngā taumata pūmua me te titiro ki ētahi atu āhuatanga. Ko te kohikohi mimi 24-hāora, te tauwehenga pūmua-ki-creatinine mimi ngāwari rānei ka taea te whakaatu i te nui o te pūmua e ngaro ana koe. Ko ngā whakamātautau toto e tirotiro ana i ō taumata pūmua, mahi whatukuhu, me te kolesterol.

Ko ētahi atu whakamātautau ka whakauru pea i ngā rangahau whakaahua penei i ngā ultrasounds hei titiro ki te hanganga o tō whatukuhu. I roto i ngā take maha, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te biopsy whatukuhu, kei reira te tango i te tauira iti o te kiko hei whakatau i te momo pakaru whatukuhu.

Ka āhua wehi pea te biopsy, engari he tikanga noa i te wā e mahi ana te rongoā. Ko tēnei whakamātautau e whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio nui mo te take o tō mate huka me te awhina i te arahi i ngā whakatau rongoā.

Ka whakamātautau pea tō tākuta mō ngā āhuatanga taketake penei i te mate huka, lupus, mate rānei e taea ana te whakauru ki ō raruraru whatukuhu.

He aha te rongoā mō te mate huka?

Ko te rongoā mō te mate huka e aro ana ki te whakaiti i te ngaro o te pūmua, te whakahaere i ngā tōmhanga, me te whakautu ki ngā take taketake. Ka whakawhirinaki tō mahere rongoā motuhake ki te momo kei a koe me te take.

Ko ngā rongoā te pūtake o te rongoā. Ko ngā corticosteroids penei i te prednisone te rongoā tuatahi, ina koa i ngā tamariki me ētahi momo mate huka. Ko ēnei rongoā anti-mumura kaha ka taea te awhina i te whakaiti i te mumura whatukuhu me te ngaro o te pūmua.

Ko ētahi atu rongoā ka tono pea tō tākuta ko:

• Ngā kaihoroi ACE, ARBs rānei hei tiaki i ō whatukuhu me te whakaiti i te ngaro o te pūmua
• Ngā diuretics hei awhina i te whakaiti i te pupū mā te tango i te wai nui
• Ngā rongoā immunosuppressive mō ngā take kaore e whakautu ki ngā steroids
• Ngā rongoā whakaiti-kolesterol hei whakautu ki ngā taumata lipid teitei
• Ngā kaiwhakawai toto ki te nui tō morearea mō ngā toto

Ki te mea he āhuatanga taketake e whakaoho ana i tō mate huka, he mea nui te rongoā i taua āhuatanga. Ka whakauru pea tēnei i te whakahaere pai o te mate huka, te rongoā mō ngā mate ā-tinana, te whakautu rānei ki ngā mate.

I roto i ngā take onge kaore ngā rongoā noa e mahi, ka whakaaro pea tō tākuta ki ngā rongoā hou, ngā rongoā whakamātautau rānei. Ka hiahia pea etahi ki te dialysis, te whakawhiti whatukuhu rānei, ahakoa he onge tēnei me te rongoā wawe tika.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te mate huka i te kāinga?

Ko te whakahaere i te mate huka i te kāinga e whakauru ana i ngā whakarerekētanga oranga nui e taea te whakapai nui i ō tōmhanga me tō hauora katoa. Ko ēnei rautaki e mahi tahi ana me tō rongoā hauora hei awhina i a koe ki te pai ake te ahua me te aukati i ngā raruraru.

Ko ngā whakarerekētanga kai he mahi nui i roto i tō tiaki. Ko te whakaiti i te inu konutai ka awhina i te whakahaere i te pupū me te toto teitei. Whakaarohia te iti iho i te 2,000 mg o te konutai i te rā mā te karo i ngā kai tukatuka, ngā kai wharekai, me te tāpiri iti o te tote ki tō tunu kai. Ko te pānui i ngā tohu kai he mea nui.

Ko te kai pūmua e hiahia ana ki te taurite. Ahakoa kei te ngaro koe i te pūmua i roto i tō mimi, ko te nui o te kai pūmua ka taea te whakapau i ō whatukuhu. Ka tūtohu tō tākuta, tohunga kai rānei i te nui tika mō tō ahuatanga motuhake, tata ki te 0.8-1.0 karamu ia kilogram o te taumaha tinana.

Tirohia tō taumaha i ia rā, tuhia hoki. Ko te piki ohorere o te taumaha o te 2-3 pauna i te rā, 5 pauna rānei i te wiki ka tohu pea i te pupū o te wai me te whakamōhio ki tō tākuta. Ko te whakaara i ō waewae i te noho, te takoto rānei ka taea te awhina i te whakaiti i te pupū.

Noho mahi i roto i ō rohe. Ko te mahi ngawari penei i te hikoi ka taea te whakapai i te rere toto me te hauora katoa, engari karohia ngā mahi kaha ka taea te kino ake te pupū. Whakarongo ki tō tinana me te okioki i te wā e hiahiatia ana.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakaritenga tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō ō haerenga tākuta ka awhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te nuinga o tō wā tahi me te kore e wareware i ngā mōhiohio nui. Ko te whakarite pai ka taea te arahi ki ngā whakatau tiaki me te rongoā pai ake.

Pupuri i te tātai tōmhanga e tuhi ana i te wā e puta ai te pupū, te āhua kino, me te mea ka taea te whakapai ake, te kino ake rānei. Tuhia ō taumaha o ia rā, ngā pānui toto teitei ki te whai koe i te kaitirotiro kāinga, me ngā whakarerekētanga i te ahua o tō mimi.

Kawe mai i te rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā katoa, tae atu ki ngā rongoā kore-tohu, ngā taapiri, me ngā rongoā otaota. Whakauruhia ngā horopeta me te maha o te tango. Ko ēnei mōhiohio he mea nui, i te mea ka taea e ētahi rongoā te pā ki te mahi whatukuhu.

Whakaritea he rārangi o ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui. Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui mo tetahi mea kaore koe e mārama, tae atu ki ngā whiringa rongoā, ngā pānga taha, ngā whakarerekētanga oranga rānei. Tuhia ngā whakautu, kawea mai rānei tetahi ki te awhina i te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui.

Kawe mai i ngā kape o ngā hua whakamātautau hou, ngā rēkōta hauora rānei mai i ētahi atu tākuta. Ki te kite koe i te tohunga mo te wa tuatahi, ko tō hītori hauora me ngā hua whakamātautau o mua ka awhina i a rātou ki te mārama pai ake ki tō ahuatanga.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate huka?

Ko te mea nui rawa atu ki te mārama mo te mate huka ko te mea, ahakoa he āhuatanga nui e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora, he tino whakahaerehia me te tiaki tika. He maha ngā tāngata whai mate huka e ora ana i ngā oranga katoa, mahi me te rongoā tika me ngā whakarerekētanga oranga.

Ko te kite wawe me te rongoā he rerekētanga nui i ngā hua. Ki te kite koe i te pupū roa, te mimi pupū, ētahi atu tōmhanga rānei, kaua e tatari ki te rapu i te tiaki hauora. Ko te tīmatanga o te rongoā, ko te pai ake o ō tūmanako ki te aukati i ngā raruraru me te pupuri i te mahi whatukuhu.

Kia mahara ko te rongoā e hiahia ana ki te wā ki te mahi, ā, ka hiahia pea koe ki te whakamātautau i ngā huarahi rerekē i mua i te kimi i te mea e pai ana mōu. Noho manawanui me te pupuri i te kōrero whakatuwhera ki tō rōpū hauora mo te ahua o tō ahua me ngā āwangawanga kei a koe.

Me ngā whiringa rongoā o nāianei me te tiaki tautoko, ko te tirohanga mō te hunga whai mate huka he pai te nuinga. Aro atu ki te whai i tō mahere rongoā, te mahi i ngā whiringa oranga hauora, me te noho whai wāhi ki tō tiaki hauora.

Ngā pātai noa e uihia ana mō te mate huka

Ka taea te whakaora katoa i te mate huka?

Ko te whakautu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take o tō mate huka. Ko ētahi momo, ina koa te mate huringa iti i ngā tamariki, ka haere ki te whakaora katoa me te rongoā. Heoi, ko ētahi atu momo ka hiahia pea ki te whakahaere tonu, kaua ki te whakaora katoa. He maha ngā tāngata e whiwhi ana i ngā wā roa kaore he tōmhanga me te rongoā tika, he rite tonu ki te whakaora i runga i te kounga o te ora.

He ira rānei he whakatūpato te mate huka?

Ko ētahi momo mate huka ka taea te rere i roto i ngā whānau, ina koa ngā momo ira e pā ana ki ngā tamariki. Heoi, ko te nuinga o ngā take kaore i whakatūpato me te whanake mai i ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora, ngā take kaore i te mohiotia rānei. Ki te whai koe i te hītori whānau o te mate whatukuhu, he mea tika te kōrero ki tō tākuta, engari kaore e tikanga ka whanake koe i te āhuatanga.

Ka taea e ngā tamariki whai mate huka te whai wāhi ki ngā hākinakina me ngā mahi noa?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki whai mate huka whakahaere pai ka taea te whai wāhi ki ngā mahi noa, tae atu ki ngā hākinakina. Heoi, i te wā o ngā wāhanga mahi o te mate kei reira te pupū nui, ki te whai rātou i ngā steroids nui, ka hiahia pea te whakaiti i te mahi. Ka whakarato tō tākuta tamariki i ngā tohutohu motuhake i runga i tōna ahuatanga me ōna tōmhanga o nāianei.

E hia te roa o te rongoā mō te mate huka?

Ko te roa o te rongoā e rerekē ana i runga i te momo mate huka me te pai o tō whakautu ki te rongoā. Ka hiahia pea etahi ki te rongoā mō ngā marama torutoru, i te wā e hiahia ana ētahi ki te rongoā tonu mō ngā tau, te ora roa rānei. Ko te whāinga ko te kimi i te rongoā iti e pupuri ana i ō tōmhanga i raro i te whakahaere me ngā pānga taha iti.

He aha ngā kai me karo atu ki te whai koe i te mate huka?

Ko te whakahaerenga kai nui ko te whakaiti i te konutai hei awhina i te whakahaere i te pupū me te toto teitei. Ko te tikanga tenei te karo i ngā kai tukatuka, ngā hupa kānana, ngā mīti deli, me ngā kai wharekai i te wā e taea ai. Kaore koe e hiahia ki te whakakore i te pūmua katoa, engari ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ngā rahinga noa. Karohia te tāpiri tote ki tō kai me te pānui i ngā tohu mā te atawhai, i te mea ka huna te konutai i roto i ngā wāhi kore e tumanakohia penei i te taro me ngā mīti.