He aha te mate huha mahi? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te mate huha mahi tētahi momo mate huha e puta mai ana ina manawahia e koe ngā mea i te wāhi mahi e whakaohooho ana, e whakawhāiti ana rānei i ō ara hau. Kāore i rite ki te mate huha noa e tīmata pinepine ana i te tamarikitanga, ko tēnei āhuatanga e puta ana mō te whakawhānui i ngā mahi i tō mahi.

He maha atu i te mea e whakaarohia ana e koe, e pā ana ki te 15% o ngā keehi mate huha pakeke katoa. Ko te rongo pai, ina kitea e koe, ka whakatikahia te whakaohooho i te wāhi mahi, ka kite te nuinga o te iwi i te whakapainga nui ki ō rātou tohu.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate huha mahi?

He rite tonu ngā tohu o te mate huha mahi ki te mate huha noa, engari he tauira motuhake e hono ana ki tō mahi. Ka kite pea koe i te kino o ō raruraru manawa i ngā rā mahi, ka pai ake i ngā wiki mutu, i ngā hararei rānei.

Koinei ngā tohu matua hei titiro atu:

• Te ngūngū, te wiri rānei o ngā oro ina manawa koe
• Te poto o te manawa, ina koa i te wā e mahi tinana ana
• Te pēhanga o te uma e rite ana ki te potae i tō uma
• Te maremare tonu, he maroke pea, he wai māori rānei
• Te ihu rere, te ihu kōtiti rānei e tīmata ana, e kino ake ana rānei i te mahi
• Ngā kanohi wai, ngā kanohi kōtiti
• Te ngenge mai i te moe kino na te raruraru o te manawa

Ko te mea e whai take ana te mate huha mahi, ko te wā. Ka pai ake ngā tohu ina kore koe e mahi mo ngā wā roa, ka hoki mai ina hoki koe ki tō wāhi mahi.

He aha ngā momo mate huha mahi?

E rua ngā momo matua o te mate huha mahi, ā, ko te matauranga i te rerekētanga e āwhina ana ki te whakamārama i te tere o te puta mai o ngā tohu. He take, he wā rerekē tō ia momo.

Ko te momo tuatahi te mate huha mahi pāwera. Ka puta mai tēnei ina pāwera te pūnaha ārai mate ki tetahi mea i te wāhi mahi i te wā roa, e mau ana i ngā marama, i ngā tau rānei. Ka ako to tinana ki te whakautu nui atu ki taua mea.

Ko te momo tuarua te mate huha mahi i whakaohoohohia e te whakaohooho. Ka puta mai tēnei ina whakawhānuihia koe ki ngā taumata teitei o ngā matū whakaohooho, o ngā mea rānei e pakaru ana tika i ō ara hau. Kāore i rite ki te momo pāwera, ka puta mai tēnei i muri i te whakawhānui nui kotahi.

He āhuatanga e hono ana te mate huha mahi e whakaitihia ana e te mahi. Ko te tikanga kua pangia koe e te mate huha, engari ko ngā whakawhānui i te wāhi mahi e whakaiti ana i ō tohu o nāianei. Ahakoa he rite, he rerekē noa iho i te mate huha mahi pono.

He aha ngā take o te mate huha mahi?

Ka puta te mate huha mahi ina manawahia e koe ngā mea motuhake i te mahi e whakaohooho ana i te whakautu ārai mate, e whakaohooho ana rānei i ō ara hau. Neke atu i te 400 o ngā mea mahi rerekē kua kitea hei whakaohooho pea.

Ko ngā take tino noa ko:

• Ngā pūmua mai i ngā kararehe, ngā tipu, i ngā pepeke rānei (penei i ngā kararehe taiwhanga, te paraoa, te rapa rānei)
• Ngā matū e whakamahia ana i te hanga (tae atu ki ngā isocyanate i roto i ngā peita me ngā kirihou)
• Ngā kōwae me ngā tote kōwae (penei i te parata, te chromium, te nikora rānei)
• Ngā puehu rakau, ina koa mai i te rakau hīnau, te oki, te mahogany rānei
• Ngā enzyme e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā horoi, i te tukatuka kai rānei
• Ngā kaiwhakauru rongoā me ngā rongoā
• Ngā hua horoi me ngā mea whakamate mate

He maha atu ngā tūponotanga o ētahi mahi i ētahi atu. Ko ngā kaimahi hauora, ngā kaihanga keke, ngā tāngata mahi pāmu, ngā kaitohu, me ngā kaimahi hanga kei roto i te hunga e pangia pinepine ana. Āe, ka taea e ngā kaimahi tari te whanake i te mate huha mahi mai i te kounga o te hau o roto i te whare, i ngā matū horoi rānei.

He iti rawa te wā, ka taea te whanake i te mate huha mahi mai i te whakawhānui ki ngā mea penei i ngā tae whakautu e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā kakahu, ētahi kirihou, i ētahi kai rānei e tukatukahia ana i roto i ngā wāhi mahi. Ko te mea nui ko te whakawhānui tonu i te wā roa e taea ai e tō tinana te whanake i te pāwera.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō te mate huha mahi?

Me haere koe ki te taote mena ka kite koe i ngā raruraru manawa e hono ana ki tō mahi. Kaua e tatari kia kino ngā tohu, i te mea ko te taumata whakamātautau me te maimoatanga wawe ka ārahi ki ngā hua pai ake.

Rapua te tiaki hauora mena ka pāngia koe e te ngūngū, te maremare tonu, te pēhanga uma rānei e pai ake ana i ngā wiki mutu, i ngā hararei rānei. Ko ēnei tauira e whakaatu ana i te hononga mahi e hiahia ana ki te aromatawai ngaio.

Whiwhi āwhina hauora tonu mena he tohu kino koe penei i te uaua ki te kōrero na te poto o te manawa, te tere o te ngākau, te ngutu kikorangi rānei, te maripi rānei. Ko ēnei tohu e whakaatu ana kāore i te pai te whakahaere o tō mate huha, ā, e hiahia ana ki te tiaki wawe.

Ahakoa he ngawari ngā tohu, he mea tika te kōrero ki tō taote. Ka taea e te whakauru wawe te aukati i te āhuatanga kia kore e mau tonu, ā, ka āwhina i a koe ki te pupuri i te mahi pai o ngā pūkahukahu mo te wā roa.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te mate huha mahi?

He maha ngā take ka piki ake ō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te mate huha mahi, ahakoa ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kāore e whakamana ka whanake koe i te āhuatanga. Ko te matauranga i ēnei e āwhina ana i a koe ki te mataara ki tō ngoikoretanga.

Ko ngā take hauora whaiaro e piki ake ai te tūponotanga ko:

• Te whai i ngā pāwera, i te hītori whānau o te mate huha, o ngā pāwera rānei
• Te pangia kē e te mate huha, ka taea e ngā whakawhānui i te wāhi mahi te whakaiti
• Te kai hikareti, i te mea ka pakaru te hikareti i ngā ara hau, ka piki ake te pāwera
• Te whai i ngā mate manawa i te wā e whakawhānuihia ana ki ngā whakaohooho i te wāhi mahi

He wāhi nui hoki ngā take wāhi mahi. Ko ngā taumata teitei o te whakawhānui ki ngā mea whakaohooho e piki ake ai tō tūponotanga, pēnei i te roa o te whakawhānui i te wā roa.

He mea whakamīharo, ka whanake ētahi i te mate huha mahi ahakoa he iti te whakawhānui, ka mahi ētahi atu mo ngā tau i roto i ngā mahi whakawhānui teitei kaore he raruraru. E whakaatu ana tēnei he rerekē te ngoikoretanga o te tangata ki te tangata.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate huha mahi?

Me kore te whakahaere tika, ka taea e te mate huha mahi te ārahi ki ētahi raruraru kino e pā ana ki tō hauora me tō kounga o te ora. Ko te mea tino awangawanga ko te āhuatanga ka mau tonu ahakoa ka waiho koe i te wāhi mahi whakaohooho.

Ko ngā raruraru noa ko:

• Te pakaru tonu o ngā ara hau me ngā tohu mate huha tonu
• Te piki o te tūponotanga o ngā mate manawa
• Te whakararu o te moe e ārahi ana ki te ngenge tonu
• Te whakaiti i te manawanui mahi me te mahi tinana
• Te manukanuka me te pouri e hono ana ki ngā raruraru manawa
• Te ahotea putea mai i ngā huringa mahi pea, i ngā utu hauora rānei

He iti te wā, ka taea e te mate huha mahi kino te ārahi ki ngā whakaeke mate huha e wehi ana, ki te tohu nui rānei o te pūkahukahu. Ka whanake ētahi i te mate pūkahukahu aukati roa (COPD) mena kaore i te maimoatia te āhuatanga mo ngā tau.

Ko te rongo pai, ka taea te aukati i ngā raruraru maha mā te mohiotanga wawe me te maimoatanga tika. Ko te mahi tahi me tō taote ki te kimi i ngā whakaohooho me te whakahaere i ngā tohu e āwhina ana ki te tiaki i tō hauora pūkahukahu mo te wā roa.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate huha mahi?

Ko te aukati i te mate huha mahi e arotahi ana ki te whakaiti, ki te whakakore rānei i te whakawhānui ki ngā mea whakaohooho i te mahi. Ko te huarahi tino whai hua ko te whakakotahi i ngā mahi haumaru wāhi mahi me ngā rautaki tiaki whaiaro.

Ko ngā rautaki aukati wāhi mahi ko te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha hau pai, te whakakapi i ngā rauemi haumaru ina taea, me te whakatinana i ngā mana miihini hei whakaiti i ngā whakawhānui hau. Ko te arotake tonu i te kounga o te hau o te wāhi mahi e āwhina ana ki te kimi i ngā raruraru pea i te wawe.

Ko te tiaki whaiaro ko te kakahu i ngā taputapu manawa tika ina hiahiatia, te whai i ngā tikanga haumaru, me te pupuri i te hauora whānui pai. Mena kei te tūponotanga nui koe na te pāwera, i te hītori whānau rānei, kōrerohia tēnei ki te rōpū hauora mahi a tō kaituku mahi.

Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau hauora i mua i te mahi te kimi i ngā tāngata kei te tūponotanga nui, ahakoa me mahi tika ēnei kia kore ai e whakakahore tika. Ko te arotahi me noho ki te whakatau i ngā tāngata ki ngā mahi haumaru, kaua ki te whakakore katoa i a rātou.

Me pēhea te taumata o te mate huha mahi?

Ko te taumata o te mate huha mahi e hiahia ana ki te hono i ō tohu ki ngā whakawhānui wāhi mahi, he uaua pea, engari he mea nui mō te maimoatanga tika. Me whakakore e tō taote ētahi atu momo mate huha, me whakamana te hononga mahi.

Ko te tukanga taumata e tīmata ana i te hītori hauora taipitopito e arotahi ana ki tō taiao mahi, ngā tohu, me ngā tauira wā. Ka ui tō taote ki ngā mea motuhake e whakawhānuihia ana e koe, me te wā e puta mai ai ngā tohu.

He mea nui ngā whakamātautau mahi pūkahukahu mō te taumata. Ka uru pea ēnei ki te spirometry hei ine i te pai o tō manawa, te aroturuki i te rere nui i te mahi me te kāinga, me ngā whakamātautau wero methacholine i ētahi wā hei aromatawai i te whakautu o ngā ara hau.

Ka uru pea ngā whakamātautau motuhake ki te whakamātautau immunologic mō ngā mea pāwera wāhi mahi motuhake, i ngā whakamātautau wero wāhi mahi rānei e aroturukihia ana koe i te wā e whakawhānuihia ana koe ki ngā whakaohooho e whakapaetia ana i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere. E āwhina ana ēnei whakamātautau ki te whakamana i te taumata.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te mate huha mahi?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te mate huha mahi e arotahi ana ki ngā whāinga e rua: te whakahaere i ō tohu o nāianei me te aukati i te whakawhānui atu ki ngā whakaohooho. Ko te taahiraa tino nui ko te kimi me te karo i ngā mea wāhi mahi e whakaohooho ana i ō tohu.

Ko te maimoatanga rongoā he rite ki te mate huha noa, ā, kei roto:

• Ngā inhaler tere-whakaora (bronchodilators) mō te whakaora wawe i ngā tohu
• Ngā rongoā whakahaere roa penei i ngā corticosteroids manawa
• Ngā inhaler whakakotahi e whakauru ana i ngā momo rongoā e rua
• Ngā rongoā waha mō ngā keehi kino
• Ngā rongoā pāwera mena ka kitea ngā whakaohooho pāwera

He mea nui ano ngā whakarerekētanga wāhi mahi. Ka uru pea tēnei ki te whakapai ake i te hau, te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tiaki whaiaro, te whakarereke rānei i ngā mahi mahi hei whakaiti i te whakawhānui. I ētahi wā, te mea whakaaro, ko te whakarereke i ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana mō te whakahaere tohu katoa.

Ka mahi tahi tō taote me koe ki te whakawhanake i te mahere mahi mate huha e whakauru ana i ngā rongoā o ia rā, ngā maimoatanga whakaora, me ngā tohutohu marama mō te whakahaere i ngā whakaeke. Ko ngā hui whai muri tonu e āwhina ana ki te whakarite kia mau tonu te whai hua o tō maimoatanga.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te mate huha mahi i te kāinga?

Ko te whakahaere i te mate huha mahi i te kāinga e whakauru ana i te hanga i te taiao e tautoko ana i tō hauora pūkahukahu me te whai tonu i tō mahere maimoatanga. Me noho tō kāinga hei wāhi ka taea e ō ara hau te ora mai i ngā whakawhānui wāhi mahi.

Pupuri i tō taiao kāinga kia ma, kia kore ai ngā whakaohooho mate huha atu penei i ngā mite puehu, te huruhuru kararehe, i ngā kakara matū kaha rānei. Whakamahia ngā kai horoi hau mena he whai hua, kia pai te hau i roto i tō wāhi noho.

Tangohia ō rongoā kia rite ki te whakahau, ahakoa kei te pai koe. Pupuri i ngā inhaler whakaora ngāwari ki te tiki i te kāinga, i te mahi, i roto i tō waka rānei. Aroturukihia ō tohu mā te whakamahi i te mita rere nui mena ka tūtohu tō taote.

Whakamahia ngā tikanga whakahaere ahotea penei i ngā mahi manawa hohonu, i te whakaaroaro rānei, i te mea ka taea e te ahotea te whakaiti i ngā tohu mate huha. Ko te mahi ngawari tonu, kia rite ki te manawanui, ka taea te āwhina i te pupuri i te mahi pūkahukahu me te hauora whānui.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taote?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui taote e āwhina ana ki te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i te taumata tika me te mahere maimoatanga whai hua. Kawe mai ngā korero taipitopito mō tō taiao mahi me ngā tauira tohu.

I mua i tō hui, pupuri i te tāpuka tohu mo te rua wiki. Tuhia te wā e puta mai ai ngā tohu, tōnā kino, me te mea i mahi koe, i whakawhānuihia rānei koe ki te mahi. Whakauruhia ngā wiki mutu me ngā rā kore mahi hei whakaatu i te tauira.

Kohikohia ngā korero mō tō wāhi mahi, tae atu ki ngā pepa raraunga haumaru rauemi mō ngā matū e mahi ana koe, tō whakaahuatanga mahi, me ētahi atu ripoata haumaru wāhi mahi. Ka taea hoki te whai hua ngā whakaahua o tō taiao mahi.

Whakaritea tētahi rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe, tae atu ki ngā taonga-ā-te-kāinga me ngā taapiri. Kawe mai ētahi whakamātautau mahi pūkahukahu o mua, i ngā X-ray uma rānei mena kei a koe. Tuhia ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui kia kaua e wareware i te wā o te hui.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate huha mahi?

Ko te mate huha mahi he āhuatanga ka taea te aukati me te maimoatanga e puta mai ana i ngā whakawhānui wāhi mahi. Ko te mea tino nui hei mahara ko te mohiotanga wawe me te whakauru e ārahi ana ki ngā hua pai rawa atu mō tō hauora pūkahukahu mo te wā roa.

Mena ka kite koe i ngā raruraru manawa e hono ana ki tō mahi, kaua e whakahawea ki a rātou. Ko te rapu i te aromatawai hauora wawe ka taea te āwhina i te aukati i te āhuatanga kia kore e mau tonu, ka tiaki i tō kaha ki te mahi haumaru.

Mā te taumata tika, te maimoatanga, me ngā whakarerekētanga wāhi mahi, ka taea e te nuinga o te iwi e pangia ana e te mate huha mahi te haere tonu ki te mahi i te wā e whakahaere ana i ō rātou tohu. Ko te mea nui ko te mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora me tō kaituku mahi hei hanga i te taiao mahi haumaru, hauora.

Kia mahara kei a koe te mana ki tetahi wāhi mahi haumaru, ā, he rauemi kei reira hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakautu i ngā take hauora mahi. Me noho tonu tō hauora me tō oranga pai hei mea nui.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te mate huha mahi

Ka taea te ngaro te mate huha mahi mena ka waiho e au toku mahi?

Ka pai ake ngā tohu mate huha mahi ina mutu te whakawhānui ki te mea whakaohooho, engari kāore i te whakamana te ora katoa. Ka kite ētahi i te pāwera ara hau roa ahakoa he maha ngā tau i muri i te waiho i te wāhi mahi raruraru. Ko te tere o te kimi me te whakautu i te whakawhānui, ko te pai o ō tūponotanga ki te ora katoa. Ko te whakauru wawe te mea nui ki te aukati i te kino o ngā pūkahukahu.

E hia te roa te whanake i te mate huha mahi?

He rerekē te wā e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo whakawhānui me tō ngoikoretanga whaiaro. Ko te mate huha mahi pāwera e whanake ana i te wā roa i ngā marama, i ngā tau rānei o te whakawhānui, ka taea te puta mai te mate huha whakaohooho i te wawe i muri i te whakawhānui nui kotahi. Ko te nuinga o ngā keehi e whanake ana i roto i ngā tau tuatahi o te whakawhānui ki tetahi mea whakaohooho, ahakoa ka mahi ētahi mo ngā tekau tau i mua i te whanake i ngā tohu.

Ka taea e au te whiwhi utu mahi mō te mate huha mahi?

Ae, ko te mate huha mahi e kapi ana i raro i ngā ture utu mahi i te mea he mate e hono ana ki te mahi. Me whai tuhinga hauora koe e whakaatu ana i te hononga i waenganui i tō whakawhānui wāhi mahi me ō tohu mate huha. Ka taea te uaua o te tukanga, na reira whakaarohia te korero ki tetahi rōia e mōhio ana ki ngā take hauora mahi hei āwhina i te arahi i te pūnaha me te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i ngā painga tika.

Ka aukati te kakahu i te kanohi i te mahi i te mate huha mahi?

Ka taea e te tiaki manawa tika te whakaiti nui i tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te mate huha mahi, engari kāore i te tino tika. Me noho te kanohi ki te momo tika mō ō whakawhānui wāhi mahi motuhake, me te pai te noho hei mahi. Ka taea tonu e ētahi mea te whakaohooho ahakoa he tiaki, ā, kāore ngā kanohi e whakautu ki te hononga kiri, ki ngā ara kai rānei. Ko ngā mana miihini penei i te hau pai he maha atu te whai hua i te taputapu tiaki whaiaro anake.

Me kōrero atu rānei ahau ki taku kaituku mahi mō taku taumata mate huha mahi?

He mea tika te kōrero ki tō kaituku mahi mō tō taumata, i te mea he kawenga ture kei a rātou te whakarato i tetahi wāhi mahi haumaru, ā, pea ka hiahia rātou ki te whakarite i ngā whakaritenga. Ka taea e tēnei kōrero te ārahi ki ngā whakapainga wāhi mahi e pai ana, ehara i a koe anake, engari ki ētahi atu kaimahi hoki. Tuhia ō kōrero, whakaarohia te whakauru i te rōpū hauora mahi a tō kamupene, i te tari rauemi tangata rānei. Mena kei te awangawanga koe mō te haumaru mahi, korero ki tetahi rōia mahi mō ō mana me ō tiaki.