He aha te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te mate ngāwhā pūtau (PAD) te mea ka pēhitia, kāotia rānei ngā oko toto e kawe ana i te toto whai oxygen ki ō ringa me ō waewae. Whakaarohia he paipa wāhi e pehia ana, kāotia rānei – ka whakaheke i te rere o te wai, ā, kāore ngā wāhi i tua atu o te kōā i te mea e hiahiatia ana kia ora tonu.

Ko tēnei mate te pānga ki te mano tini o te iwi, ā, ko te nuinga atu o te hunga 50 tau neke atu. Ahakoa ka rongo pea koe he awangawanga, ko te mārama ki te PAD ka āwhina i a koe ki te kite i ngā tohu i te wā, ā, mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora kia whakahaere pai ai.

He aha te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

Ko te mate ngāwhā pūtau he raruraru rere toto kei reira ngā kōeke ngako e kiia nei ko te papatipu e hanga ana i roto i ō uaua. Ka whakaititia e ēnei papatipu te whānui o ngā oko toto, ka whakaiti i te rere o te toto ki ō uaua me ō kiko.

Ko te tikanga ka pā te mate ki ngā uaua i ō waewae, ahakoa ka pā pea ki ngā oko toto i ō ringa, kopu, me ngā whatukuhu. Ki te kore e whiwhi ō uaua i te toto whai oxygen i te wā e mahi ana, ka mamae pea koe, ka kopikopiko.

Ko te PAD he momo atherosclerosis – ko te tikanga ano ka pā ki ngā uaua o te ngakau, ka puta ai te mate ngakau. Ko tenei hononga te tikanga he nui ake te tūponotanga o te mate ngakau me te pēhanga roro.

He aha ngā Tohutohu o te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

He tokomaha ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te PAD i te tīmatanga kāore e kite i ngā tohu. Ki te puta mai ngā tohu, ka tupu haere pea, ā, ka rite pea ki ngā tohu noa o te koroheketanga i te tīmatanga.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa ka pā pea ki a koe:

• Te kopikopiko, te mamae, te ngenge rānei i ngā uaua o ō waewae i te wā e hikoi ana, e piki ana rānei i ngā kaupae.
• Te mamae e ngaro ana ina okioki koe mō ngā meneti torutoru.
• Te mamae waewae e tīmata ana i tō kauae, huha, pūkau rānei.
• Te ngāngā, te ngoikore rānei o ō waewae.
• Te makariri o tō waewae raro, o tō waewae rānei, ina koa ki te whakarite ki tetahi atu taha.
• Ngā pōka e whakaora ana i ō maihao, waewae, waewae rānei.
• Ngā huringa i te tae kiri o ō waewae, o ō waewae rānei.
• Te kiri mārama, te ngaro rānei o te makawe i ō waewae me ō waewae.
• Te pupuhi ngoikore i ō waewae, i ō waewae rānei.

Ko te mamae waewae i te wā e mahi ana, e kiia nei ko te claudication, ko te tohu tuatahi e kitea ana e te iwi. Ko te tikanga ka rite ki te kopikopiko uaua e puta ana ina hikoi koe i te tawhiti, ka pai ake ina mutu, ina okioki rānei.

Kaore i te noa, ka pā pea ki ētahi tāngata ngā tohu nui ake e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu. Kei roto i ēnei te mamae waewae nui e kore e ngaro ahakoa te okioki, ngā pōka tuwhera e kore e ora, te mamae nui ohorere rānei me te makariri me te ngāngā i te waewae.

He aha ngā Momo o te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

Ko te tikanga ka whakarōpūhia e ngā tākuta te PAD i runga i ngā uaua e pā ana, me te nui o ngā kōā.

Ko te PAD o raro o te tinana te pānga ki ngā oko toto e whakarato ana i ō waewae me ō waewae. Kei roto i ēnei ngā uaua femoral i ō huha, ngā uaua popliteal i muri i ō turi, me ngā uaua iti i ō waewae raro me ō waewae.

Ko te PAD o runga o te tinana te pānga ki ngā uaua i ō ringa, ahakoa he iti rawa tenei. Ki te puta mai, ka puta pea te mamae o te ringa i ngā mahi penei i te whakaara, te toro atu rānei ki runga.

Ka whakarōpūhia hoki e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora te PAD i runga i te kaha. Ko te PAD ngawari pea ka puta noa ngā tohu i te wā e whakakori tinana ana, engari ko te PAD nui ka puta te mamae ahakoa te okioki, ka arahi rānei ki ngā pōka e kore e ora.

He aha ngā Take o te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

Ko te take matua o te PAD ko te atherosclerosis – he tikanga kei reira ngā kōeke ngako, te kolesterol, me ētahi atu mea e hanga ana i runga i ngā pakitara o ō uaua. I te roa o te wā, ka whakaititia e ēnei papatipu te whānui o ō uaua, ka pakari ake.

He maha ngā take e āwhina ana ki tēnei hanga papatipu, ka whakapiki i ō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te PAD:

• Te whakakī rānei i ngā hua tapoko.
• Te toto teitei.
• Ngā taumata kolesterol teitei.
• Te mate huka.
• Te koroheketanga (ina koa i muri i te 50 tau).
• Te hītori whānau o te PAD, te mate ngakau, te pēhanga roro rānei.
• Te taumaha.
• Te kore e mahi tinana.
• Te mate whatukuhu roa.

He kino rawa te whakakī, na te mea ka whakangaro i ngā pakitara o ō uaua, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te toto ki te kōā. He nui ake te tūponotanga o te hunga mate huka, na te mea ka taea e ngā taumata huka toto teitei te whakangaro i ngā oko toto i te roa o te wā.

I etahi wa, ka puta mai te PAD i te mumura o te oko toto, te whara ki ō waewae, te ahua uaua, te uaua rānei, te whakamahinga rānei o te radiation. Ka whānau mai ētahi tāngata me ngā raru o te oko toto e arahi ana ki ngā raruraru rere toto i muri mai i te ora.

Nōhea te Tiro ki te Tākutu mō te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

Me kōrero koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te pāngia koe e te mamae waewae, te kopikopiko, te ngenge rānei e puta ana i te wā e hikoi ana, e whakakori tinana ana rānei. Ahakoa ka ngaro te mamae ina okioki koe, he mea tika kia kōrero ki tō tākutu.

Kaua e tatari ki te rapu i te tiaki hauora ki te kite koe i ngā pōka i ō waewae, i ō waewae rānei e whakaora ana i te wā roa, kāore rānei e ora. Ko ngā huringa i te tae kiri, ngā rerekētanga pāmahana i waenga i ō waewae, te ngaro rānei o te makawe i ō waewae me ō waewae he mea tika kia kōrero ki tō rōpū hauora.

Ko ētahi wā e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu. Waea atu ki tō tākutu tonu, haere atu rānei ki te ruma mō ngā uruparenga ki te mamae waewae nui ohorere, ka makariri, ka ngāngā rānei tō waewae, ka puta mai rānei tētahi pōka tuwhera e whakaatu ana i ngā tohu o te mate penei i te whero, te wera, te pū rānei.

Ki te whai koe i ngā take tūponotanga penei i te mate huka, te toto teitei, te hītori whakakī rānei, whakaarohia te kōrero mō te whakamātautau PAD i ō tirotiro noa. Ka taea e te kite wawe te āwhina i te aukati i ngā raruraru, ka whakapai ake i tō kounga ora.

He aha ngā Take Tūponotanga mō te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

Ko te mārama ki ō take tūponotanga ka āwhina i a koe me tō rōpū hauora ki te whakatau i ngā whakatau e pā ana ki te aukati me te whakamātautau. Ko ētahi take tūponotanga kaore e taea e koe te whakarereke, engari ko ētahi ka taea e koe te whakauru ma ngā whiringa noho ora.

Ko ngā take tūponotanga kaore e taea e koe te whakahaere kei roto i ēnei:

• Te tau (ka piki ake te tūponotanga i muri i te 50, ina koa i muri i te 65).
• Ko te tane (ka whanake ngā tāne i te PAD i mua, ahakoa ka mau ngā wāhine i muri i te menopause).
• Te hītori whānau o te PAD, te mate ngakau, te pēhanga roro rānei.
• Te whai i ētahi āhuatanga ira e pā ana ki ngā oko toto.

Ko ngā take tūponotanga ka taea e koe te whakauru kei roto i ēnei:

• Te whakakī rānei i ngā hua tapoko.
• Te toto teitei.
• Ngā taumata kolesterol teitei.
• Te mate huka, te mate huka rānei.
• Te taumaha, te momona rānei.
• Te noho noa.
• Te whai i te mate whatukuhu roa.
• Te whai i ngā taumata teitei o ngā tohu mumura i roto i tō toto.

He nui rawa te tūponotanga o te hunga mate huka, ina koa ki te kore e whakahaeretia pai ō taumata huka toto. Ko te whakakotahitanga o te whakakī me te mate huka he āhuatanga kino rawa mō te hauora o te oko toto.

He aha ngā Raruraru Ka Taea o te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

Ahakoa he tokomaha ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te PAD e ora ana i te ora katoa, te ora mahi rānei me te whakahaere tika, ka arahi pea te mate ki ngā raruraru nui ki te kore e whakahaeretia. Ko te mārama ki ēnei wāhi ka āwhina i te whakaohooho i te tiaki pai i a koe, me te whai i te rongoā hauora.

Ko ngā raruraru tino noa kei roto i ēnei:

• Te ischemia waewae nui – te kōā nui e puta ai te mamae ahakoa te okioki.
• Ngā pōka, ngā mate rānei e kore e ora i ngā waewae me ngā waewae.
• Ngā mate i ngā pōka e taea te horapa ki ngā kiko hohonu.
• Te gangrene – te mate kiko na te kore o te rere toto.
• Te tapahi i ngā maihao, ngā waewae, ngā waewae rānei i ngā take nui.
• Te mate ngakau me te pēhanga roro na te atherosclerosis whānui.

Ko te ischemia waewae nui te ahua tino nui o te PAD. Ka pāngia ngā tāngata e tenei mate e te mamae tonu i ō ratou waewae, i ō ratou waewae rānei, ahakoa te okioki. Ko te tikanga ka kaha ake te mamae i te pō, ka pai ake pea ina tau te waewae ki te taha o te moenga.

Na te mea e whakaatu ana te PAD i te atherosclerosis puta noa i tō tinana, he nui ake te tūponotanga o te hunga e pangia ana e tēnei mate ki te mate ngakau me te pēhanga roro. Ko tenei hononga te mea nui o te tiaki ngakau whānui, ehara i te maimoatanga anake e aro ana ki ngā tohu waewae.

Me pēhea te aukati i te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o ngā whiringa noho ora e tiaki ana i tō ngakau e āwhina ana ki te aukati i te PAD. Ka taea e te whakarereke i ēnei mea te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga, ahakoa he maha atu ngā take tūponotanga kaore e taea e koe te whakahaere.

Ko te mahi nui rawa atu ka taea e koe ko te mutu i te whakakī, te kore rānei e tīmata. Ka whakangaro te whakakī i ō oko toto tika, ka whakapiki nui i tō tūponotanga PAD. Ki te whakakī koe i tēnei wā, kōrero atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō ngā kaupapa mutu me ngā rongoā ka taea te āwhina.

Ko te mahi tinana noa te āwhina ki te pupuri i ō oko toto kia ora, ka whakapai ake i te rere toto. Whakaarohia te iti rawa o te 30 meneti o te mahi noa i te nuinga o ngā rā o te wiki. Ko te hikoi, te kauhoe, te hikoi paihikara ngā whiringa pai e kore e hiahia ana ki ngā taputapu motuhake, ki ngā karapu whakakori rānei.

Ko te whakahaere i ō āhuatanga hauora atu he mahi nui ki te aukati. Mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora kia pupuri i ō taumata toto, kolesterol, me te huka toto i roto i ngā tawhiti hauora ma ngā rongoā me ngā huringa noho ora.

Ko te kai i te kai hauora ngakau e whai hua ana i ngā hua, ngā huawhenua, ngā witi katoa, me ngā pūmua ngawari i te wā e whakaiti ana i ngā ngako makona, ngā ngako trans, me te tote nui e tautoko ana i te hauora pai o te oko toto. Ko te pupuri i te taumaha hauora ka whakaiti i te ahotea ki tō pūnaha ngakau.

Me pēhea te Whakatau i te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

Ko te whakatau i te PAD te tikanga ko te whakahaere i ngā tohu, te whakaheke i te whanaketanga o te mate, me te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga ki te mate ngakau me te pēhanga roro. Ka whakawhirinaki tō mahere maimoatanga ki ō tohu, ki tō hauora whānui, ki te kaha o ō kōā.

Ko ngā huringa noho ora te turanga o te maimoatanga PAD. Ka mahi tahi tō rōpū hauora me koe ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere mutu whakakī mena e hiahiatia ana, kia hangaia he kaupapa whakakori tinana, kia whakapai ake ai tō kai mō te hauora ngakau.

Ka taea e ngā rongoā te whakahaere i te PAD me te whakaiti i ngā raruraru. Ka tukuna pea e tō tākutu:

• Ngā rongoā antiplatelet penei i te aspirin, te clopidogrel rānei hei aukati i ngā kōā toto.
• Ngā rongoā whakaheke kolesterol e kiia nei ko ngā statins.
• Ngā rongoā toto teitei ki te whai koe i te toto teitei.
• Ngā rongoā mate huka hei whakahaere i ngā taumata huka toto.
• Cilostazol hei whakapai ake i te tawhiti hikoi me te whakaiti i te mamae waewae.

Mō te PAD nui ake, ka tūtohutia pea e tō tākutu ngā tukanga hei whakapai ake i te rere toto. Ka taea e te angioplasty poroporo te whakatuwhera i ngā uaua pēhi, i etahi wā me te stent hei pupuri i a rātou kia tuwhera. I ngā take o ngā kōā whānui, ka hangaia e te pokanga bypass ngā huarahi hou mō te rere toto i ngā wāhi kōā.

Ko te whakakori tinana e aroturukihia ana, kei reira koe e mahi tahi ana me ngā tohunga whakangungu hei whakapiki haere i tō kaha hikoi, kua whai hua rawa ki te whakapai ake i ngā tohu me te kounga ora i ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te PAD.

Me pēhea te tango i te maimoatanga kāinga i te wā o te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

Ko te whakahaere i te PAD i te kāinga ko ngā tikanga o ia rā e tautoko ana i tō rere toto me tō hauora ngakau whānui. Ka mahi tahi ēnei rautaki tiaki i a koe me tō maimoatanga hauora hei āwhina i a koe kia pai ake te rongo, kia aukati ai i ngā raruraru.

Ka tino nui te tiaki waewae ina pangia koe e te PAD. Tirohia ō waewae ia rā mō ngā tapahi, ngā pōka, ngā huringa rānei i te tae, te pāmahana rānei. Pupuri i ō waewae kia ma, kia maroke, tapahia ngā maihao o ō waewae, kia mau tonu ngā hu me ngā tohitohi e tika ana.

Tīaki i ō waewae kei te whara ma te kore e hikoi waewae noa, ahakoa kei roto i te whare. Kaua e mau i ngā hikoi teitei, i ngā hu pēhi rānei e taea te ārai i te rere toto. Ki te kite koe i ngā pōka, i ngā mate rānei, whakapiri atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora tonu kaua e ngana ki te whakaora i a koe.

Noho mahi i roto i tō taumata mārama. Ko te hikoi te tikanga ko te whakakori tinana pai mō te hunga e pangia ana e te PAD. Tīmatahia ki ngā tawhiti poto, ka whakapiki haere i tō manawanui. Mutu, okioki rānei ina rongo koe i te mamae waewae, ka haere tonu ina ngaro.

Pupuri i tō kiri kia makuku kia kore ai e pakaru, kia mate rānei, engari kaua e whakamahi i te lotion i waenga i ō maihao kei reira te makuku ka arahi ki ngā raruraru harore. Pupuri i te hauora pai, whakaarohia te whakamahi i te makuku ngawari, kore kakara i ō waewae me ō waewae.

Me pēhea te Whakamahere mō tō Hui Tākutu?

Ko te whakamahere mō tō hui ka āwhina i a koe me tō tākutu ki te whakamahi pai i tō wā tahi. Ko te whakamahere pai ka arahi ki te whakawhitiwhiti korero pai ake, me te whakarite maimoatanga pai ake.

I mua i tō haerenga, tuhia katoa ō tohu, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai, ngā mea e whakaohooho ana i a rātou, me ngā mea e pai ake ana, e kino ake ana rānei. Tātarihia te tawhiti ka taea e koe te hikoi i mua i te mamae waewae, me te roa o te okioki e hiahiatia ana kia ngaro te mamae.

Kawe mai i te rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā katoa e inu ana koe, tae atu ki ngā rongoā rongoā, ngā rongoā kore rongoā, me ngā taapiri. Kei roto i ēnei ngā horopeta me te maha o ō inu i ia mea. Ka āwhina tēnei mōhiohio i tō tākutu ki te karo i ngā mahi rongoā, ki te mārama hoki ki tō maimoatanga o nāianei.

Whakamahia he rārangi o ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui. Whakaarohia te ui mō ō take tūponotanga motuhake, ngā whiringa maimoatanga, ngā huringa noho ora ka taea te āwhina, me ngā tohu e whakaohooho ana i a koe ki te waea atu ki te tari.

Ki te taea, kawe mai tētahi mema whānau, hoa rānei ki tō hui. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio i kōrerotia i te wā o te haerenga, ka whakarato hoki i te tautoko i te wā e haere ana koe i tō mahere maimoatanga.

He aha te tango matua mō te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau?

Ko te mate ngāwhā pūtau he mate e taea te whakahaere e pā ana ki te mano tini o te iwi. Ahakoa e hiahia ana ki te aro tonu, ki ngā huringa noho ora rānei, ka taea e te nuinga o te hunga e pangia ana e te PAD te haere tonu ki te ora mahi, ki te ora whai hua rānei me te tiaki tika.

Ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga he rerekētanga nui ki ngā hua. Ki te pāngia koe e te mamae waewae i te wā e mahi ana e pai ake ana me te okioki, kaua e whakakore i te koroheketanga noa – kōrero atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō te whakamātautau PAD.

Ko ngā taputapu kaha rawa atu mō te whakahaere i te PAD ko ngā mea ngāwari: te mutu i te whakakī, te noho mahi, te kai pai, me te inu tonu i ngā rongoā kua tohua. Kāore ēnei mahi e āwhina ana i ō tohu waewae anake, engari e tiaki ana i tō ngakau me tō roro.

Kia mahara kei te nui ake te tūponotanga o te mate ngakau me te pēhanga roro ki a koe. Ko tenei hononga te mea nui o te tiaki ngakau whānui, e aro ana ki tō hauora whānui kaua ki ngā tohu waewae anake.

Ngā Pātai Nui e Uihia ana mō te Mate Ngāwhā Pūtau

Ka taea te whakaora i te mate ngāwhā pūtau?

Kāore e taea te whakaora katoa i te PAD, engari ka taea te whakahaere pai, ka whakahekehia te whanaketanga. Me te maimoatanga tika tae atu ki ngā huringa noho ora, ngā rongoā, me ngā tukanga i etahi wā, ka nui ake te pai o ngā tohu me te kounga ora o te tokomaha. Ko te matua ko te kite wawe me te whakahaere tonu i ngā take tūponotanga penei i te whakakī, te toto teitei, me te mate huka.

He haumaru te whakakori tinana me te mate ngāwhā pūtau?

Kāore noa i te haumaru te whakakori tinana mō te nuinga o te hunga e pangia ana e te PAD – heoi ano tētahi o ngā maimoatanga tino whai hua. Ka taea e ngā kaupapa hikoi, ina koa te whakakori tinana e aroturukihia ana, te whakapai ake i tō tawhiti hikoi me te whakaiti i te mamae waewae. Tīmatahia i te wā iti, ka whakapiki haere i tō taumata mahi i raro i te aratohu a tō tākutu. Mutu, okioki rānei ina rongo koe i te mamae waewae, ka haere tonu ina ngaro.

He aha ngā kai me whakaiti e au me te mate ngāwhā pūtau?

Aro atu ki te whakaiti i ngā kai e nui ana te ngako makona, ngā ngako trans, me te tote, e taea te whaka kino i te atherosclerosis me te whakapiki i te toto teitei. Kei roto i ēnei ngā mīti tukatuka, ngā kai kohua, ngā hua waiu momona katoa, me ngā kai kōwhiringa kua oti te tākai e nui ana te tote. Engari, whakamahia ngā hua, ngā huawhenua, ngā witi katoa, ngā pūmua ngawari, me ngā kai e nui ana te ngako omega-3 penei i te ika. Ko te kai hauora ngakau e tautoko ana i te rere toto pai ake me te hauora ngakau whānui.

Kia tere te whanaketanga o te mate ngāwhā pūtau?

He rerekē te whanaketanga o te PAD mai i te tangata ki te tangata. Ko ētahi tāngata e noho pumau ana mō ngā tau me te whakahaere tika, engari ko ētahi atu ka tere ake te kino o ngā tohu. Ko ngā take e pā ana ki te whanaketanga kei roto i te whakakī, te whakahaere mate huka, te whakahaere toto teitei, me te pupuri ki te maimoatanga. Ko te whai tonu i tō rōpū hauora ka āwhina ki te aroturuki i ngā huringa, ki te whakarite rongoā hoki i te wā e hiahiatia ana.

Ka taea e te mate ngāwhā pūtau te pā ki ngā waewae e rua?

Ka taea e te PAD te pā ki tetahi waewae atu i tetahi atu, ki ngā waewae e rua rānei, i runga i te wāhi e puta ana ngā kōā i ō uaua. He mea noa kia kitea ake ngā tohu i tetahi waewae i te tīmatanga, ina koa ki te nui ake ngā kōā o taua taha. Heoi, na te mea he āhuatanga pūnaha te atherosclerosis, ko te tikanga ka pā ngā waewae e rua ki tetahi taumata, ahakoa kaore ngā tohu e rite.