Taurongo-Muri O Te Mate Polio

Ko te mate pāpōro-muri he rōpū o ngā tohu me ngā pūāhua ka taea te whakahaumaru e puta mai ana i ngā tekau tau i muri i te mate pāpōro tuatahi. Ko ēnei tohu me ngā pūāhua e puta ana i te nuinga i waenga i te 30 ki te 40 tau i muri i te mate pāpōro.

I mua, ko te huaketo mai i te huaketo pāpōro i tino mate ai te tangata, ā, i mate hoki. Heoi, ko te whakaurunga o te werohinga pāpōro kua whakakorea i ngā tau 1950 i tino whakaiti i te hora o te pāpōro.

I tēnei wā, he torutoru noa ngā tāngata i ngā whenua whānui kua pararutiki i te huaketo pāpōro, e hono ana ki te whāinga mai i tētahi momo werohinga. Heoi, he tokomaha tonu ngā tāngata i mate pāpōro i te tamarikitanga, ka puta mai te mate pāpōro-muri i muri mai i te oranga.

Ko te mate e whai ake nei i te pāreo e pā ana ki te hunga i pangia e te pāreo anake. Ko ētahi o ngā tohu me ngā pūāhua o te mate e whai ake nei i te pāreo ko:

• Te ngoikore me te mamae o ngā uaua me ngā hononga e kaha ake ana i te wā
• Te ngāwari o te wīwī me te wātea
• Te ngaro o te kiko uaua (atrophy)
• Ngā raruraru o te manawa, te horomi rānei
• Ngā mate moe e pā ana ki te manawa, pēnei i te moe apnea
• Te whakaiti i te manawanui ki ngā pāmahana makariri

Ka tupu haere te mate e whai ake nei i te pāreo i te nuinga o te iwi. Ka raru pea rātou ki ngā tohu me ngā pūāhua hou, ā, muri iho ka mau tonu.

Tena tirohia tō tākuta ki te piki haere te ngoikore, te ngenge rānei. He mea nui kia whakakorehia ētahi atu take o ō tohu me ō tohu, ā, kia whakatau ai mēnā kei a koe te mate o muri mai o te polio.

He maha ngā whakaaro e pā ana ki te take o te mate pāwera o muri mai i te pāora, engari kāhore tetahi e tino mōhio.

Ka pangia e te huaketo pāora ōu tinana, ka pā te pānga ki ngā pūtau io e kiia nei ko ngā pūtau motuka e kawe ana i ngā karere (ngā whakaohooho hiko) i waenganui i tō roro me ōu uaua. Ko te huaketo pāora te mea nui e pā ana ki ngā pūtau motuka kei roto i te iwi o te tuaiwi.

E toru ngā wāhanga matua o ia pūtau motuka:

• Te tinana o te pūtau
• He muka matua e motu ana (axon)
• He maha ngā muka iti e motu ana (dendrites)

Ngā take ka piki ai tō rongoā ki te whanake i te mate o muri mai o te pāora e whai ake nei:

• Te kino o te mate pāora tuatahi. Ko te kaha o te mate tuatahi, ko te tino pea ka puta mai ngā tohu me ngā tohu o te mate o muri mai o te pāora.
• Te tau o te tīmatanga o te mate tuatahi. Ki te whanake koe i te pāora hei taitamariki, hei pakeke rānei, kāore i te tamariki, ka piki ngā tūmanako o te whanake i te mate o muri mai o te pāora.
• Te ora. Ko te nui o tō ora i muri i te pāora koi, ko te tino pea ka puta mai te mate o muri mai o te pāora. Pea tenei no te mea ko te nui o te ora ka nui ake te tautohe ki ngā pūtau motuka.
• Te mahi tinana nui rawa. Ki te maha tō mahi tinana tae noa ki te ngenge, ki te whakamaunga rānei, āta whakawhiti koe i ngā pūtau motuka kua whakawhitihia, ka piki ai tō rongoā ki te mate o muri mai o te pāora.

Ko te mate e whai ake nei i te Polio kaore e mate ai te tangata, engari ko te ngoikore o te uaua ka arahi ki ētahi raruraru:

• Ngā hinga. Mā te ngoikore o ngā uaua o ō waewae ka ngāwari ai te ngaro o tō tū, ka hinga. Katahi ka taea e koe te whati i te whenu, pēnei i te upoko, ā, ka arahi ki ētahi atu raruraru.
• Te ngenge. He tino noa te ngenge ki ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te mate e whai ake nei i te Polio. Ka taea e te ngenge te whakangaro, ahakoa he iti noa te mahi. Ka taea hoki te arahi ki ngā raruraru mō te aro turuki me te mahara.
• Te mamae. Ka taea e ngā rerekētanga o ngā uaua me te ngoikore o te uaua te arahi ki te mamae roa.
• Te kore kai, te maroke me te mate huhu. Ko ngā tāngata kua pangia e te Polio bulbar, e pā ana ki ngā io e haere ana ki ngā uaua e whakauru ana ki te ngau me te horomi, ka maha ngā raruraru ki ēnei mahi, ā, kei a rātou ētahi atu tohu o te mate e whai ake nei i te Polio.

Ka taea e ngā raruraru o te ngau me te horomi te arahi ki te kore kai me te maroke, me te mate huhu aspirational, e puta mai ana i te manawa atu i ngā pūhui kai ki roto i ō ngā manawa (te horomia).

• Te kore manawa roa. Mā te ngoikore o tō diaphram me ngā uaua o te uma ka uaua ake te tango i ngā manawa hohonu me te mare, ka taea te arahi ki te hanga o te wai me te mucus ki roto i ō ngā manawa.

Ka taea e te momona, te wāhine, te kōroke o te tuaiwi, te mate moe, te kore nekehanga roa me ētahi rongoā te whakaiti i tō kaha o te manawa, ka taea te arahi ki te heke tere o ngā taumata o te hau i roto i te toto (te kore manawa ohorere). Katahi ka hiahia pea koe ki te rongoā hei āwhina i a koe ki te manawa (te rongoā hau).

• Te ngoikore o te wheua. Ko te kore nekehanga roa me te kore nekehanga ka maha te haere tahi me te ngaro o te mātotoru o te wheua me te ngoikore o te wheua i ngā tāne me ngā wāhine. Mēnā kei a koe te mate e whai ake nei i te Polio, korero ki tō tākuta mō te whakamātautau o te mātotoru o te wheua.
• Ngā raruraru moe. He noa te moe apnea me te mate o ngā waewae kore e okioki ki ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te mate e whai ake nei i te Polio. Ka taea e ēnei mate moe te whakaiti i te moe kore pai me te ngenge ki te kore e rongoā.

Kaore he uauatanga

Kāore he whakamātautau motuhake hei whakamātautau i te mate o muri mai o te mate polio. Ko te whakamātautau e whakamahia ana ko te hītori hauora me te whakamātautau tinana, me te whakakore i ētahi atu āhuatanga ka puta ai ngā tohu me ngā tohu.

Mo te whakamātautau i te mate o muri mai o te mate polio, ka titiro ngā tākua ki ēnei tohu e toru:

Hei tāpiri atu, nā te rite o ngā tohu me ngā tohu o te mate o muri mai o te mate polio ki ētahi atu mate, ka ngana to tākua ki te whakakore i ētahi atu take pea, pēnei i te mate pūkahukahu, te mate ngākau, te mate ngenge roa, me te mate kopikopiko.

Nō te kore o ngā whakamātautau e whakau i te whakamātautau o te mate o muri mai o te mate polio, ka whakamahi pea to tākua i ētahi whakamātautau hei whakakore i ētahi atu āhuatanga, tae atu ki:

Te whakamātautau hiko o ngā uaua (EMG) me ngā rangahau arahi iwi. Ka ine te whakamātautau hiko o ngā uaua i ngā whakaheke hiko iti e puta ana i ngā uaua. Ka whakauruhia he uaua ngira angiangi ki ngā uaua hei ako. Ka tuhi he taputapu i te mahi hiko i roto i tō uaua i te okiokinga me te whakawhāiti i te uaua.

I roto i te momo whakakāo o te whakamātautau hiko o ngā uaua (EMG) e kiia nei ko ngā rangahau arahi iwi, ka piripiri rua ngā uaua ki tō kiri i runga ake i te iwi hei ako. Ka tukuna he whakakīkī iti i roto i te iwi hei ine i te tere o ngā tohu iwi. Ka āwhina ēnei whakamātautau ki te tautuhi me te whakakore i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te āhuatanga rerekē o ō iwi (neuropathy) me te mate uaua (myopathy).

He whakamātautau kore-whakauru e whakaatu ana i te tumanako mō te aromatawai i te kaha o te mate o muri mai o te mate polio me te aroturuki i tōna ahu whakamua ko te ultrasound uaua, e whakamahi ana i ngā ngaru oro hei hanga i ngā whakaahua o ngā uaua. Me nui ake te ako.

• Te whakamātautau o mua o te mate polio. Ka hiahia pea tenei ki te kimi i ngā rēkōta hauora tawhito, ki te tiki rānei i ngā kōrero mai i ngā mema whānau tawhito.

• Te wā roa i muri i te ora. Ka noho ngā tāngata e ora ana i te whakaeke tuatahi o te mate polio mo ngā tau maha kahore he tohu atu, he tohu rānei. Ko te tīmatanga o ngā pānga o muri mai ka rereke te whāiti, engari ka tīmata i te 15 tau i muri i te whakamātautau tuatahi.

• Te tīmatanga mā te iti. Ko te ngoikore o muri mai ka puta i ngā uaua i pā i te wā o te mate polio tuatahi. Ko te ngoikore kaore pea e kitea kia tae rawa ki te whakawakia i ngā mahi o ia rā. Ka oho pea koe i te whakahou engari ka ngenge i te waenganui o te awatea, ka ngenge i muri i ngā mahi i ngāwari noa i mua.

• Te whakamātautau hiko o ngā uaua (EMG) me ngā rangahau arahi iwi. Ka ine te whakamātautau hiko o ngā uaua i ngā whakaheke hiko iti e puta ana i ngā uaua. Ka whakauruhia he uaua ngira angiangi ki ngā uaua hei ako. Ka tuhi he taputapu i te mahi hiko i roto i tō uaua i te okiokinga me te whakawhāiti i te uaua.

  I roto i te momo whakakāo o te whakamātautau hiko o ngā uaua (EMG) e kiia nei ko ngā rangahau arahi iwi, ka piripiri rua ngā uaua ki tō kiri i runga ake i te iwi hei ako. Ka tukuna he whakakīkī iti i roto i te iwi hei ine i te tere o ngā tohu iwi. Ka āwhina ēnei whakamātautau ki te tautuhi me te whakakore i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te āhuatanga rerekē o ō iwi (neuropathy) me te mate uaua (myopathy).

• Te whakaahua. Ka tūtohu pea to tākua i te whakaahua pūmanawa (MRI) te whakaahua rorohiko (CT) hei kite i ngā whakaahua o tō roro me tō tuaiwi. Ka āwhina ēnei whakamātautau ki te whakakore i ngā mate tuaiwi, pēnei i te mate tuaiwi whakahekeheke spondylosis, te whakaiti rānei o tō pourewa tuaiwi e whakapēhi ana i ō iwi (spinal stenosis).

• Te tango uaua. Ka taea te tango uaua hei āwhina i tō tākua ki te titiro ki ngā tohu o tētahi atu āhuatanga ka puta ai te ngoikore.

• Ngā whakamātautau toto. Ko ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te mate o muri mai o te mate polio ka noa te hua o ngā whakamātautau toto. Ko ngā hua rerekē o ngā whakamātautau toto ka taea te tohu i tētahi atu raruraru kei raro e puta ai ō tohu.

Kāore he rongoā kotahi mō ngā tohu maha o te mate pāwera-muri-polio. Ko te whāinga o te rongoā ko te whakahaere i ō tohu, ā, ko te awhina i a koe kia pai ai te noho humarie, kia tū rangatira hoki. Ko ētahi atu kōwhiringa rongoā pea hei awhina i te whakahaere i ō tohu mate pāwera-muri-polio:

Whakaora tinana. Āhei pea tō tākuta, tō kaiwhakaora rānei te tūtohu i ngā whakakori tinana mōu hei whakakaha i ō uaua, kāore hoki e ngākau nui. Ko ēnei tikanga te nuinga o ngā mahi ngāwari, pēnei i te kauhoe, te kauhoe wai rānei, ka mahi koe i ia rā atu i te tere māhainga.

He mea nui te whakakori tinana hei pupuri i te hauora, engari kia kaua e nui rawa te whakamahi i ō uaua me ō hononga, ā, kaua hoki e whakakori tae noa ki te mamae, ki te ngākau nui rānei.

Ko ētahi atu kōwhiringa rongoā pea ka uru atu te rongoā anticonvulsant gabapentin (Neurontin, Gralise), e whakamahia pinepine ana hei whakaora i te mamae o ngā io. Ko ngā rongoā mamae opioid roa e kore e tika te whakamahi na te mea he nui ngā tūponotanga roa. Me kōrero koe me tō tākuta mō te mahere rongoā tika mōu hei whakahaere i tō mamae me ō tohu.

• Te tiaki kaha. Ko te tikanga tenei te whakahaere i ō mahi tinana, te okioki tonu hoki hei whakaiti i te ngākau nui. Ka taea e ngā taputapu awhina—pēnei i te tokotoko, te kaihaere, te wīra, te motoka motuka rānei—te awhina i a koe ki te tiaki kaha. Ko te whakauru i te paepae hopu kaukau, te nohoanga wharepaku kua whakanuia rānei ka awhina pea. Ka taea e te kaiwhakaora te whakaatu i ngā huarahi hei manawa hei awhina i te tiaki kaha.

• Whakaora tinana. Āhei pea tō tākuta, tō kaiwhakaora rānei te tūtohu i ngā whakakori tinana mōu hei whakakaha i ō uaua, kāore hoki e ngākau nui. Ko ēnei tikanga te nuinga o ngā mahi ngāwari, pēnei i te kauhoe, te kauhoe wai rānei, ka mahi koe i ia rā atu i te tere māhainga.

  He mea nui te whakakori tinana hei pupuri i te hauora, engari kia kaua e nui rawa te whakamahi i ō uaua me ō hononga, ā, kaua hoki e whakakori tae noa ki te mamae, ki te ngākau nui rānei.

• Whakaora kōrero. Ka taea e te kaiwhakaora kōrero te whakaatu i ngā huarahi hei utu mō ngā raruraru horomi. Ko ngā whakakori whakakaha reo pea ka awhina.

• Te rongoā mo te mate moe. Pea ka hiahia koe ki te huri i ō tauira moe, pēnei i te karo i te moe i runga i tō tua, te whakamahi rānei i te taputapu hei awhina i te whakatuwhera i tō ara hau i te moe. Ki te pēhea koe i te mate waewae ngākau nui, ko te rongoā mō taua mate pea ka awhina i te whakapai ake i te kounga o te moe, ā, ka whakaiti i te ngākau nui.

• Rongoā. Ko ngā kaiwhakaora mamae—pēnei i te aspirin, te acetaminophen (Tylenol, ētahi atu) me te ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, ētahi atu)—pea ka ngāwari te mamae o ngā uaua me ngā hononga.

Ko te whakahokinga mai o te mate i whakaaro koe kua oti kē te whakakore i mua ka waiho hei whakawehi, ā, ka nui rawa pea te mamae i etahi wā. Ko te ora ake i te mate tuatahi i hiahia ai te kaha me te whakatau, engari inaianei ko ngā pānga o muri mai o te Polio e hiahia ana kia okioki koe, kia tiaki i tō kaha.

Ko ētahi o ngā tikanga:

• Whakakorehia ngā mahi e pāngia ana e te mamae, e te ngenge. Ko te taurite te mea nui. Ki te nui rawa te mahi i te rā pai, ka āhei te maha o ngā rā kino e whai ake nei.
• Kia mahana. Ka nui ake te ngenge o ngā uaua i te makariri. Kia pai te pāmahana o tō kāinga, kia kakahuria ngā kakahu maha, ina koa ka haere koe ki waho.
• Kaua e hinga. Tangohia ngā papanga e takoto ana, ngā mea rāpoi kei runga i te papa, kakahuria ngā hu pai, ā, kaua e haere ki ngā wāhi mātao, hukapapa rānei.
• Whakaritea te oranga hauora. Kai pai, mutu te wāhine, whakaitihia te inu kofeini kia mau te hauora, kia ngāwari te manawa, kia pai te moe.
• Tīakina ō ngā pūkahukahu. Ki te ngoikore tō manawa, kia mataara ki ngā tohu o te mate ngongo e tipu haere ana, ā, kia tukuna kia rongoā wawe. Kaua e wāhine, kia whakahoutia ngā inenga mate huka me te mate pūkahukahu.