He aha te Presbyopia? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te presbyopia tētahi huringa tirohanga noa e kaha ake ai te kite i ngā mea tata, pēnei i te pānui i te pukapuka, i te tiro i tō waea. Kāo tētahi mate, kāo tētahi āhuatanga kanohi e manukanuka ai koe. Engari, he wāhanga noa tēnei o te koroheketanga e pā ana ki te nuinga o te iwi, ka tīmata pea i ngā tau 40.

Whakaarohia ko ngā kanohi e ngaro haere ana te kaha ki te whakawhiti i te aro mai i ngā mea tawhiti ki ngā mea tata. Pēnei i ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana e huri ana i te koroheketanga, ka heke haere te kaha o te aro o ō kanohi i te wā.

He aha te presbyopia?

Ka puta te presbyopia ina ka iti haere te ngawari o te karaihe i roto i tō kanohi i te koroheketanga. Ka whakarereketia te āhua o te karaihe o tō kanohi hei āwhina i a koe ki te aro ki ngā mea i ngā tawhiti rerekē. I te wā e tamariki ana koe, he ngawari, he ngāwari te karaihe nei, ka whakarereke ngāwari hei āwhina i a koe ki te kite mārama ahakoa kei te titiro koe ki tetahi mea tawhiti, ki te pānui rānei i tetahi mea tata.

I te koroheketanga, ka pakari haere te karaihe, ka ngaro te ngawari. Ka uaua ake ai te whakarereke i te aro o tō kanohi mai i ngā mea tawhiti ki ngā mea tata. Ko te hua, ko ngā mahi tata pēnei i te pānui, te tuitui, te whakamahi rānei i tō waea atamai ka mārama, ka uaua.

Ka pā tēnei āhuatanga ki te nuinga o te iwi i te koroheketanga. He noa rawa tēnei āhuatanga, ka whakaaro ngā tākuta kanohi he wāhanga noa tēnei o te tukanga koroheketanga, kāo tētahi raruraru tirohanga, kāo tētahi mate e hiahiatia ana te 'whakaora'.

He aha ngā tohu o te presbyopia?

Ko te tohu tino marama o te presbyopia ko te uaua ki te kite mārama i ngā mea tata. Ka kite pea koe me pupuri atu e koe ngā pukapuka, ngā tahua, ngā waea rānei i tō mata hei pānui mārama.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu noa e pā ana ki a koe:

• Te tirohanga mārama i te pānui, i te mahi tata rānei
• Te pupuri i ngā rauemi pānui i te roa o te ringa hei kite mārama
• Te ngenge o te kanohi, te whakamahi rānei i muri i te pānui, i te mahi taipitopito rānei
• Ngā mamae o te upoko i muri i ngā mahi tata roa
• Te uaua ki te kite i te marama iti i te pānui
• Ngā raruraru ki te whakauru i ngā ngira, ki te mahi rānei i ētahi atu mahi tika
• Te pupuhi hei ngana ki te kite mārama i ngā tuhinga iti

Ka puta haere ngā tohu i roto i ngā tau maha. Ka kite pea koe i te wā e ngenge ana koe, i te wā rānei e kino ana te mārama.

Ka kitea pea ngā tohu i te wā e whakawhiti ana koe i te titiro ki tetahi mea tawhiti, ka ngana ki te aro ki tetahi mea tata. Ka roa pea te whakarereke o ō kanohi, ka mārama tonu pea te mea tata ahakoa ka kaha koe ki te aro.

He aha ngā take o te presbyopia?

Ko ngā huringa noa i te karaihe o tō kanohi i te koroheketanga te take o te presbyopia. He wai, he pūmua hoki te karaihe i roto i tō kanohi, he āhua e pupuri ana i te mārama, i te ngawari hoki i te wā e tamariki ana koe.

Ko ēnei ngā huringa e pā ana ki te koroheketanga e āwhina ana ki te presbyopia:

• Ka iti haere te ngawari o te karaihe, ka pakari ake i te wā
• Ka ngaro pea te kaha o ngā uaua i te taha o te karaihe
• Ka tupu tonu te karaihe i roto i tō oranga, ka mātoru, ka iti haere te ngawari
• Ka whakarereke te hanganga o ngā pūmua i roto i te karaihe, ka uaua ake ai te whakarereke i te āhua o te karaihe

Ka puta ēnei huringa ki te katoa hei wāhanga o te koroheketanga noa. Kāo ngā raruraru tirohanga e puta mai ana i te whara, te mate, te ira rānei, ko te hua noa o te koroheketanga o ō kanohi te presbyopia. Pēnei i te pakari o ō hononga, te hina rānei o ō makawe i te koroheketanga.

Ka tīmata pea te tukanga i ngā tau 30, 40 rānei, ahakoa ka kitea pea ngā tohu i muri mai. I te tau 50, ka nui te presbyopia o te nuinga o te iwi, ka haere tonu te whakaheke tae noa ki te 60 tau ka pumau.

Nō hea te haere ki te tākuta mō te presbyopia?

Me haere koe ki te tākuta kanohi ina tīmata ana koe ki te uaua ki te tirohanga tata, ki te kite rānei i ētahi o ngā tohu i kōrerohia i mua. Ahakoa he noa te presbyopia, he mea nui kia tirotirohia ō kanohi hei whakau i te whakatau, hei whakakore rānei i ētahi atu āhuatanga.

Whakatau rānei he whakatau i te wā e pā ana ki a koe:

• Ngā huringa ohorere i tō tirohanga
• Te mamae o te kanohi me ngā huringa tirohanga
• Te uaua ki ngā mahi tata e āwhina ana ki tō oranga o ia rā
• Ngā mamae o te upoko i te pānui, i te mahi taipitopito rānei
• Ngā raruraru ki te kite mārama ahakoa te pupuri i ngā mea i te roa o te ringa

Kaua e tatari kia tino āwangawanga ō raruraru tirohanga. Ka taea e te maimoatanga wawe te āwhina i a koe ki te pupuri i tō kounga ora, ki te whai tonu rānei i ngā mahi pēnei i te pānui, te mahi toi, te whakamahi rānei i ngā taputapu mamati.

Kia mahara ka puta pea te presbyopia me ētahi atu āhuatanga kanohi e pā ana ki te koroheketanga. Ka taea e te tirotiro kanohi whānui te kite i ngā take pēnei i ngā cataracts, te glaucoma, te macular degeneration rānei e hiahia ana ki ētahi atu maimoatanga.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te presbyopia?

Ko te tau te take morearea matua mō te presbyopia, ka pā ki te katoa i te koroheketanga. Heoi, ka pā pea etahi take ki te wā e puta mai ai te presbyopia, ki te tere rānei o te whakaheke.

Ko ēnei ngā take morearea matua:

• Tau - ka tīmata pea te presbyopia i waenga i ngā tau 40-45
• Ētahi rongoā pēnei i ngā rongoā pouri, ngā antihistamines, ngā diuretics rānei
• Ngā āhuatanga hauora pēnei i te mate huka, te mate maha, te mate ngakau rānei
• Te pokanga kanohi, te whara rānei i mua
• Te whakamahinga roa o ngā karāhe pānui i te wā e tamariki ana

Ka kite pea etahi i ngā tohu presbyopia i mua atu ki te whakamahi i ngā karāhe mō te tirohanga tawhiti. Kāore pea etahi e mohio kei a rātou te presbyopia ki te mea he poto te tirohanga, no te mea ka āwhina pea te tango i ō rātou karāhe tawhiti ki te kite i ngā mea tata mārama ake.

Ahakoa kāore e taea te aukati i te presbyopia, ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei take morearea te āwhina i a koe ki te whakarite mō ngā huringa, ki te rapu rānei i te maimoatanga tika ina hiahiatia.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te presbyopia?

Kāore te presbyopia i te take i ngā raruraru hauora nui, engari ka pā pea ki tō kounga ora te kore e maimoatia, ka ārai pea ki ētahi atu take. Ko te take nui ko te āhua o te pānga ki ō mahi o ia rā, ki tō oranga whānui.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru pea mai i te presbyopia kore e maimoatia:

• Te nui haere o te morearea o ngā aituā na te tirohanga tata kino
• Te ngenge o te kanohi, te whakamahi rānei
• Ngā mamae o te upoko i te pupuhi, i te ngana rānei ki te kite
• Te heke o te kounga ora me te uaua ki ngā mahi wā, ki ngā mahi mahi rānei
• Te motu hapori ki te mea ka tino uaua te pānui, ngā mahi taipitopito rānei

Ka taea te aukati i ēnei raruraru ma te whakatikatika tirohanga tika. Ka kite te nuinga o te iwi ko ngā karāhe, ngā karāhe hono, ngā maimoatanga rānei e whakatau ana i ō rātou tohu presbyopia, ka taea te hoki ki ō rātou mahi noa.

I etahi wā, ka puta pea ngā raruraru kanohi nui ake e rite ana ki te presbyopia. Koia te take he mea nui ngā tirotiro kanohi noa, ina koa i te koroheketanga, hei hopu, hei maimoatanga rānei i ētahi atu āhuatanga i te wā wawe.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te presbyopia?

Ko te whakatau i te presbyopia ko te tirotiro kanohi whānui me te tohunga tiaki kanohi. He ngāwari, he kore mamae te tukanga, ka roa pea te 30-60 meneti.

Ka mahi tō tākuta kanohi i ētahi whakamātautau:

1. Te whakamātautau tirohanga mārama mā te whakamahi i te tūtohu kanohi hei tirotiro i te tirohanga tawhiti me te tata
2. Te whakamātautau whakarereke hei whakatau i te rongoā tika e hiahiatia ana e koe
3. Te whakamātautau nekehanga uaua kanohi hei whakau i te mahi tahi tika o ō kanohi
4. Te whakamātautau whakautu o te pupi mā te whakamahi i te mārama iti
5. Te ine i te pehanga kanohi hei tirotiro i te glaucoma
6. Te tirotiro kanohi whānui hei tirotiro i roto i ō kanohi

Ko te whakamātautau tino nui mō te presbyopia ko te aromatawai tirohanga tata. Ka tono tō tākuta ki a koe kia pānui i ngā kuputuhi i ngā tawhiti rerekē, ka whakamahi pea i ngā karaihe rerekē hei kite i te hunga e āwhina ana i a koe ki te kite mārama i te tata.

I te wā o te whakamātautau whakarereke, ka whakatū tō tākuta i ngā karaihe rerekē ki mua i ō kanohi, ka ui ki te hunga e mārama ake ai tō tirohanga. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakatau i te kaha tika o ngā karāhe pānui, o ngā bifocals rānei e hiahiatia ana e koe.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te presbyopia?

He maha ngā maimoatanga whai hua e taea te whakatika i te presbyopia, te whakahoki mai rānei i tō kaha ki te kite mārama i te tata. Ko te whiringa pai mōu e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō oranga, ki ētahi atu hiahia tirohanga, ki ō hiahia whaiaro.

Ko ēnei ngā whiringa maimoatanga noa:

• Ngā karāhe pānui - he ngāwari, he utu iti, he whai hua hoki mō te nuinga o te iwi
• Ngā karāhe bifocal - he rua ngā rongoā rerekē i roto i tetahi karaihe
• Ngā karaihe whakaheke - ka hoatu he whakawhiti ngawari i waenga i te tirohanga tawhiti me te tata
• Ngā karāhe hono multifocal - ka hoatu te ngāwari me te kore karāhe
• Ngā karāhe hono monovision - kotahi te kanohi i whakatikahia mō te tawhiti, kotahi mō te tata

Mō te hunga e rapu ana i ngā otinga pumau, he whiringa pokanga:

• Te pokanga LASIK i whakarereketia mō te whakatikatika presbyopia
• Ngā whakauru karaihe intraocular e whakakapi ana i tō karaihe noa
• Ngā whakauru corneal e whakapai ake ana i te tirohanga tata
• Te keratoplasty arahi mā te whakamahi i te kaha radiofrequency

Ka tīmata te nuinga o te iwi me ngā karāhe pānui no te mea he ngāwari, he whai hua, he iti te utu. Ka taea e koe te hoko i runga i te kaute i ngā wā maha, ahakoa ka hoatu e te rongoā a tō tākuta kanohi te whakatikatika tika rawa.

He rongonui ngā karaihe whakaheke no te mea ka hoatu he tirohanga mārama i ngā tawhiti katoa me te kore o te raina e kitea ana e ngā bifocals. Heoi, ka roa pea te whakamahi, kāore pea e mahi pai mō te katoa.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te presbyopia i te kāinga?

Ahakoa kāore e taea te whakaora i te presbyopia i te kāinga, he maha ngā rautaki hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu, ki te whakapai ake rānei i ngā mahi o ia rā. Ka pai ake te mahi o ēnei huarahi ina whakakotahitia ki te whakatikatika tirohanga tika mai i tō tākuta kanohi.

Ko ēnei ngā hangarau whakahaere kāinga whai hua:

• Kia nui te mārama i te pānui, i te mahi tata rānei
• Whakamahia ngā pukapuka, ngā maheni nui ake, te whakanui rānei i ngā rahi tuhinga i runga i ngā taputapu
• Tangohia ngā okiokinga i te wā o ngā mahi tata hei okioki i ō kanohi
• Pupuri i ngā rauemi pānui i te tawhiti pai (te roa o te ringa)
• Pupuri i ngā karāhe pānui i ngā wāhi maha
• Whakamahia ngā karāhe whakanui mō ngā mahi tino taipitopito

He mea nui te mārama pai, no te mea ka uaua ake te kite i ngā āhuatanga pouri i te presbyopia. Whakamahia te mārama mārama, tika i te pānui, whakaarohia te tiki i ngā rama papa whakarereke mō ngā mahi taipitopito.

He maha ngā taputapu mamati inaianei e whai ana i ngā āhuatanga uru atu e taea te āwhina. Ka taea e koe te whakanui i te rahi tuhinga i runga i ngā waea atamai, ngā papa, ngā rorohiko rānei, te whakamahi rānei i ngā āhuatanga reo-ki-tūhi ina ka uaua te tuhi.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakatau tākuta?

Ka taea e te whakarite mō tō whakatau kanohi te āwhina i a koe ki te whiwhi i te whakatau tika rawa me ngā taunakitanga maimoatanga tika. Ka pai ake te mahi me te whai kōrero te whakatau ki te whakarite iti i mua.

I mua i tō whakatau:

1. Tuhia katoa ngā tohu tirohanga kua kitea e koe me te wā e puta mai ana
2. Rārangihia ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri katoa e inu ana koe
3. Mau mai ō karāhe, ō karāhe hono rānei o nāianei
4. Whakaritea ngā pātai mō ngā whiringa maimoatanga me ngā whakaaro oranga
5. Whakarite i te kawe i te mea ka whānui ō kanohi
6. Kohikohia ngā kōrero mō te hītori hauora kanohi whānau

Whakaarohia ō mahi o ia rā me te hunga e pā ana ki ō huringa tirohanga. Ka āwhina ēnei kōrero i tō tākuta ki te tūtohutia ngā whiringa maimoatanga pai mō ō hiahia motuhake me tō oranga.

Ki te whakaaro koe ki ngā whiringa pokanga, whakaritea ngā pātai mō ngā morearea, ngā painga, te wā ora, me ngā utu. Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui ki tetahi mea kāore koe e mārama - e hiahia ana tō tākuta kanohi kia tino mārama koe mō ō whiringa.

He aha te mea nui mō te presbyopia?

He wāhanga noa rawa o te koroheketanga te presbyopia e pā ana ki te nuinga o te iwi i ngā tau 40 me te muri atu. Kāo tētahi mate, kāo tētahi āhuatanga nui, he huringa noa i te āhua o te aro o ō kanohi i te koroheketanga.

Ko te mea nui hei mahara ko te presbyopia he tino maimoatia. Ahakoa ka whiriwhiri koe i ngā karāhe pānui, ngā karāhe hono, ngā whiringa pokanga rānei, ka taea e koe te whai tonu i ō mahi tino pai e hiahia ana ki te tirohanga tata mārama.

Kaua e tuku i ngā tohu presbyopia ki te whakararuraru i a koe, ki te whakaiti rānei i tō kounga ora. Ma te maimoatanga tika, ka taea e te nuinga o te iwi te whakarite tere, te whai tonu rānei i te pānui, te mahi, te whai rānei i ngā mahi toi. Ko te matua ko te whiwhi i ngā tirotiro kanohi noa me te mahi tahi me tō tohunga tiaki kanohi hei kimi i te otinga pai mō ō hiahia.

Ngā pātai noa e ui ana mō te presbyopia

Ka taea te aukati i te presbyopia?

Aroha mai, kāore e taea te aukati i te presbyopia no te mea he wāhanga noa tēnei o te tukanga koroheketanga. Heoi, ko te pupuri i te hauora kanohi whānui mā ngā tirotiro noa, te tiaki UV, me te kai hauora ka āwhina pea ki te whakaheke i te tere o te whakaheke. Ka puta ēnei huringa i te karaihe o tō kanohi e pā ana ki te presbyopia ki te katoa i te koroheketanga, ahakoa ngā take oranga.

Ka haere tonu te kino o te presbyopia i te wā?

Ka haere tonu te presbyopia mai i ngā tau 40 tae noa ki te 60 tau, ka pumau. Ka hiahia pea koe ki ngā karāhe pānui kaha ake, ki ngā whakatikatika rānei ki tō rongoā i tēnei wā. I muri i te tau 60, ka kite te nuinga o te iwi kāore i te whakarereke nui tō rātou presbyopia, ka pumau tonu tō rātou rongoā.

Ka taea e au te whakamahi i ngā karāhe pānui kore rongoā hei utu mō te whiwhi rongoā?

Ka taea e ngā karāhe pānui kore rongoā te mahi pai mō te nuinga o te iwi, ina koa ki te kore koe e hiahia ki te whakatikatika tirohanga tawhiti. Heoi, he tika ake ngā karāhe rongoā, ka taea te whakatika i ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ō kanohi. Ki te mea kei a koe te astigmatism, ētahi atu take tirohanga rānei, ka hoatu e ngā karaihe rongoā te whakatikatika tirohanga pai ake, ngāwari ake.

He noa te kino o ngā tohu presbyopia i te wā e ngenge ana ahau?

Ae, ka kino pea ngā tohu presbyopia i te wā e ngenge ana koe, e pēhia ana, i te wā rānei e kino ana te mārama. Ka kaha ake te mahi o ō uaua kanohi ki te aro i te wā e ngenge ana koe, ka uaua ake ai te kite mārama i te tata. He noa tēnei, he take anō tēnei he mea nui te mārama tika me te tango i ngā okiokinga i te wā o te mahi tata.

Ka pā pea te presbyopia ki tō kaha ki te taraiwa haumaru?

Ko te tirohanga tata te mea nui e pā ana ki te presbyopia, no reira kāore i te pāngia te taraiwa tawhiti. Heoi, ka uaua pea te pānui i tō papaaho, GPS, me ngā mahere i te wā e taraiwa ana koe. Ki te hiahia koe ki ngā bifocals, ki ngā karaihe whakaheke rānei, ka nui pea te wā whakarite poto. Kia mau tonu te whakatikatika tirohanga, whakaarohia te pupuri i tetahi atu karāhe i roto i tō waka.