He aha ngā mate o te whatu? Ngā tohu, ngā take, me te rongoā

Ko ngā mate o te whatu ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te whatu, te paparanga angiangi o te kiko kei muri o tō kanohi e hopu ana i te mārama, ā, e tuku ana i ngā tohu whakarite ki tō roro. Whakaarohia tō whatu he rite ki te kiriata kei roto i te kāmera – ki te pakaru, ka mōrearea tō tirohanga, ka whakapōrearea rānei, ā, ka ngaro pea tō tirohanga katoa.

Ka rereke enei āhuatanga mai i ngā huringa tirohanga ngawari ki ngā raruraru kino e whakawehi ana i te tirohanga. Ko te rongo pai, he maha ngā mate o te whatu ka taea te whakahaere pai ina kitea wawe, koia te take i nui ai te mārama ki ngā tohu whakatūpato hei tiaki i tō tirohanga.

He aha ngā mate o te whatu?

Ko ngā mate o te whatu he rōpū o ngā āhuatanga o te kanohi e whakarawe ana i te whatu, e pā ana ki te pai o tō tirohanga. Kei roto i tō whatu ngā miriona o ngā pūtau whai-mārama e kiia nei ko ngā photoreceptors e mahi tahi ana hei hanga i ngā whakaahua e kite ana koe i ngā rā katoa.

Ka whanake ngā mate o te whatu, ka taea e rātou te pā ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o tenei kiko ngawari. Ko ētahi āhuatanga e whakarawe ana i ngā oko toto e whāngai ana i te whatu, ko ētahi atu ka pā tika ki ngā pūtau photoreceptor. Ko te macula, arā, te wāhanga waenganui o tō whatu e kawea mai ana te tirohanga mā, he tino ngāwari ki te pā ki ētahi mate o te whatu.

Ka taea e ēnei āhuatanga te whanake haere i roto i ngā tau, ka puta rānei ngāwari. Ahakoa he maha ake ngā mate o te whatu i te wā e koroheke ana koe, ka taea e ētahi atu te pā ki te tangata o te tau katoa, tae atu ki ngā tamariki me ngā tāne taitamariki.

He aha ngā momo mate o te whatu?

He maha ngā momo mate o te whatu ka pā ki tō tirohanga, ia momo he āhuatanga anō me ngā tauira whanake. Ko te mārama ki ēnei momo ka āhei ai koe ki te mohio wawe ki ngā tohu pea.

Te ngaro o te macular te mate o te retina tino noa, e pā ana te nuinga ki ngā tāngata neke atu i te 50 tau. Ka whakaraha te macular, ka pā te ngaro o te tirohanga o waenganui, engari ko te tirohanga taha e noho pūmau ana. E rua ngā momo: te ngaro o te macular maroke, e puāwai haere ana, me te ngaro o te macular makuku, ka taea te ngaro tere o te tirohanga.

Te retinopathy huka ka puta mai ina pakaru ngā ngota toto iti i roto i tō retina e te nui o te huka toto. Ka haere tonu tēnei āhuatanga i roto i ngā wāhanga, ka tīmata mai i ngā huringa ngawari, ā, ka taea te haere ki te retinopathy huka whakatipu, kei reira ngā oko toto hou, koretake e tipu ana, ka taea te whakaeke i ngā raruraru tirohanga nui.

Te wehe o te retina ka puta ina wehe te retina i te kiko i raro i te tautoko. He āwangawanga hauora tēnei e hiahia ana ki te rongoā wawe kia kore ai e ngaro tonu te tirohanga. E toru ngā momo: rhegmatogenous (i puta mai i te haehae), tractional (i puta mai i te kiri pūha e toia ana), me te exudative (i puta mai i te kohinga wai).

Te retinitis pigmentosa he rōpū o ngā mate whakaū e whakangaro haere ana i ngā pūtau whakaahua. Ko tēnei āhuatanga e tīmata ana me te matapo o te pō me te ngaro o te tirohanga taha, ka haere haere ki roto i ngā tau maha.

Ko ngā momo iti ake e whai ake nei: ngā rua macular, kei reira te pakaru iti e puta ana i te macular, ngā kiri epiretinal e whakaeke ana i te mata o te retina, me ngā whakakāo i ngā uaua toto o te retina kei reira ngā oko toto e aukati ana.

He aha ngā tohu o ngā mate o te retina?

Ko te mohiotanga ki ngā tohu whakatūpato o mua o te mate o te retina ka āwhina i a koe ki te rapu i te rongoā i mua i te pakaru tonu. Ahakoa he rerekē ngā tohu kei runga i te āhuatanga motuhake, he huringa whānui kei te titiro koe.

Ko ngā huringa tirohanga e puāwai haere ana, ka ngāwari te tirohanga i te tīmatanga. Ko ēnei ngā tohu matua e tika ana kia aro koe:

• Ngā tirohanga pūtaiao kīhai i te mārama, kāore rānei i te tika, tērā pea i te pānui, i te titiro rānei ki ngā kanohi.
• Ngā raina tika e puta mai ana he kōkī, he piko rānei (pēnei i ngā anga tatau, i ngā pou waea rānei).
• Ngā pōkākā pouri, kāore rānei i te kitea i roto i tō tirohanga pūtaiao.
• Te uaua ki te kite i te mārama iti, ki te roa atu rānei te whakatika mai i te mārama nui ki te mārama ngoikore.
• Te ngaro o te tirohanga taha (taha), e hanga ana i te pānga o te tirohanga whatu.
• Ngā rama ohorere, te piki ake rānei o ngā mea e rere ana.
• He atarangi, he arai rānei e puta mai ana i roto i tō whāinga tirohanga.
• Ngā tae e kore e tino mārama, kāore rānei i te horoia.
• Te uaua ki te whakamārama i waenga i ngā tae rite.

Ko ētahi tohu e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu. Ki te pāngia koe e te ngaro ohorere o te tirohanga, te piki ohorere o ngā rama me ngā mea e rere ana, te atarangi rānei e neke ana puta noa i tō tirohanga, ka taea e ēnei te tohu i te wehewehenga o te retina, i ētahi atu āhuatanga kino rānei e hiahia ana ki te tiaki āwangawanga.

He mea nui kia mahara ka taea e ngā mate o te retina te pā ki tētahi kanohi i te tīmatanga, i te wa e whakakapi ana tetahi atu kanohi, ka iti ake te kitea o ngā tohu. Koia te take he mea nui ngā tirotiro kanohi ā-rū, ahakoa kei te pai tō tirohanga.

He aha ngā take o ngā mate o te retina?

Ka whanake ngā mate o te retina mā ngā tikanga rerekē, ā, ko te mārama ki ēnei take ka āhei te tiaki pai i tō tirohanga. Ko ētahi take kei roto i tō mana whakahaere, ko ētahi atu, pēnei i ngā ira me te koroheketanga, kāore.

Ko ngā huringa e pā ana ki te pakeketanga kei roto i ngā take tino noa o te mate o te retina. I te koroheketanga, ka tīmata te whakaiti i ngā hanganga ngawari i roto i tō retina. Kāore pea e mahi pai ngā pūtau, ā, ka taea te kohikohi i ngā hua paru, ka ārai ai ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te whakaheke o te macular.

Ka piki haere te tūponotanga o te whanaketanga o ngā raruraru o te retina mā ngā āhuatanga hauora roa. Koinei ngā take take nui:

• Te hukapapa me te kore pai o te manaaki i te huka toto e arahi ana ki te retinopathy hukapapa
• Te toto teitei e pakaru ana i ngā oko toto o te retina
• Te kolesterol teitei e āwhina ana ki ngā raruraru o ngā oko toto
• Ngā take ira me te hītori whānau o ngā mate o te retina
• Te miopia kino (te kite tata) e whakapiki ake ana i te tūponotanga o te wehe o te retina
• Ngā whara o mua o te kanohi, ngā pokanga rānei
• Ētahi rongoā, ina koa ētahi e whai kōlorokini ana
• Ngā mate autoimmune e pā ana ki ngā oko toto
• Ngā mate toto pupuhi

Ka takaro hoki ngā take taiao me ngā āhuatanga noho. Ko te roa o te whakamahinga ki te mārama ultraviolet kahore he tiaki ka āwhina pea ki te pakaru o te retina i te wa roa. Ka whakapiki nui te whakakī i tō tūponotanga o te macular degeneration, ā, ka taea te whakaiti i te retinopathy hukapapa.

Ko ētahi take onge e whai kiko ana ko ngā mate e pā ana ki te retina, ngā pūngāwerewere, me ngā āhuatanga mumura. Ahakoa he iti ake te noho o ēnei, ka whakakitea te hiranga o ngā whakamātau kanohi whānui hei kimi i ngā raruraru kei raro i te wa wawe.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō ngā mate o te retina?

Ko te mōhio ki te wā hei rapu i te tiaki hauora ka taea te whakakāhore i waenga i te tiaki i tō tirohanga me te ngaro o te tirohanga pumau. Ko ētahi tohu e hiahia ana ki te tiaki tere, ā, ko ētahi atu e tika ana te whakarite i te hui i roto i ngā rā.

Rapua te tiaki hauora ohorere tonu mena ka pāngia koe e te ngaro ohorere o te tirohanga i roto i tetahi kanohi, i ngā kanohi e rua rānei, he piki ohorere o ngā rama rama, he piki nui o ngā mea e rere ana, he atarangi rānei, he kāpeti e neke ana puta noa i tō mara tirohanga. Ka taea e ēnei tohu te tohu i te wehe o te retina, e hiahia ana ki te rongoā i roto i ngā haora hei aukati i te ngaro o te tirohanga pumau.

Whakakāohia he whakatau me tō tākuta kanohi i roto i ngā rā torutoru mena ka kite koe i ngā huringa tirohanga tītino, pēnei i te whakawhāiti o ngā raina tika, ngā pōkākā pouri i roto i tō tirohanga pokapū, te uaua ki te kite i te mārama iti, te iti rānei o ngā tae. Ahakoa ka puta mai ēnei tohu he iti ake te āwangawanga, ka ārahi te maimoatanga wawe ki ngā hua pai ake.

Mena kei a koe te mate huka, te toto teitei, te hītori whānau rānei o te mate whatumanawa, me whai koe i ngā tirotiro kanohi ā-wā ahakoa kāhore he tohu. Me whai ngā tāngata e mate huka ana i ngā tirotiro kanohi whānui ia tau, me ngā tāngata e mate whatumanawa huka ana pea ka hiahia ki te arotahi ake.

Kaua e tatari kia kino ake ngā tohu, kia tumanako rānei ka pai ake ngā mea. Ka tupu ngā mate whatumanawa i te wa ngāwari i ō rātou wā tīmatanga, ā, i te wā ka kite koe i ngā huringa tirohanga nui, kua puta pea te kino nui.

He aha ngā take morearea mō ngā mate whatumanawa?

Ka taea e te mōhiotanga ki ō take morearea whaiaro te āwhina i a koe ki te tango i ngā mahi whakakāo kia tiaki ai i tō tirohanga, ā, mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora kia tirotirohia ai tō hauora kanohi kia ata whai tikanga.

Ko te pakeke te take morearea tino nui mō te maha o ngā mate whatumanawa. Ka piki haere tō morearea o te whanake i te whakaheke macular i muri i te 50 tau, ā, ko ētahi atu āhuatanga pēnei i te wehe whatumanawa ka puta i tetahi tau, engari ka noho hei mea noa ake me te koroheketanga.

He maha ngā take ka taea te whakarereke me ngā take kaore e taea te whakarereke e pā ana ki tō morearea:

• Te hukapapa, ina koa ki te kore e pai te whakahaere i te huka toto
• Te toto teitei e pakaru ana i ngā oko toto o te retina i te roanga o te wā
• Te hītori whānau o ngā mate o te retina, ina koa te whakaheke o te macular, te retinitis pigmentosa rānei
• Te miopia nui (te kite tata) e piki haere ana te tūponotanga o te wehewehe o te retina
• Te kai hikareti, e rua te piki o tō tūponotanga ki te whakaheke o te macular
• Te momona e āwhina ana ki te hukapapa me te toto teitei
• Ngā whara o mua o te kanohi, ngā pokanga rānei
• Te roa o te whakamahinga o te mārama UV kahore he tiaki
• Ngā iwi motuhake (he nui ake te maha o ngā take o ētahi take mō ngā Amerikana Āwherika)
• Te ira tangata (he nui ake te maha o ngā wāhine o te whakaheke o te macular)

Ko ētahi take tūponotanga onge e whakauru ana ki te tango i ētahi rongoā penei i te hydroxychloroquine mo te wā roa, te whai i ngā mate autoimmune, te whara nui o te upoko rānei. Ka taea hoki e ngā mate toto te piki i tō tūponotanga ki ngā whakakapi o te uaua retinal.

Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o ngā take tūponotanga ka taea te whakarereke mā ngā huringa oranga me te whakahaere hauora tika. Ko te whakahaere i te hukapapa me te toto teitei, te mutu i te kai hikareti, te pupuri i te taumaha hauora, me te tiaki i ō kanohi i te whakamahinga o te mārama UV ka taea katoa te awhina i te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o ngā mate o te retina?

Ahakoa ka raru pea te tirohanga o ngā raruraru, ko te mōhio ki te aha pea ka puta ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau whakamārama mō te maimoatanga me te tiaki whai muri. Ka taea te aukati, te whakaiti rānei i te nuinga o ngā raruraru mā te maimoatanga tika me te aroturuki.

Ko te raruraru nui rawa atu o ngā mate o te retina ko te ngaro o te tirohanga pumau, ka taea te whāiti mai i te ngoikore iti ki te matapo katoa. Heoi, ko tenei hua kino ka taea te aukati ina kitea me te maimoatanga wawe ngā āhuatanga.

Ko ngā raruraru noa e tika ana kia mōhio koe ki a rātou ko:

• Ngā ngoikore o te tirohanga pūtake e pā ana ki te pānui, te taraiwa, me te whakakite i ngā kanohi
• Te ngaro katoa o te tirohanga taha e ārahi ana ki ngā wero o te nekehanga
• Te matapo i te pō e whai kē i te tūkino ki te taraiwa i muri i te pō
• Te uaua ki te kite hohonu e whakapiki ana i te tūpono o te hinga
• Ngā raruraru o te kite tae e pā ana ki ngā mahi o ia rā
• Te whanaketanga o ngā oko toto hou ka taea te toto ki roto i te kanohi
• Te hanganga o te kiko pōka e whakapōrearea ana i te retina
• Te glaucoma tuarua mai i te tipu o te oko toto koretake
• Ngā cataracts e whānau ana i mua atu i te noa

Ko ngā raruraru onge engari nui e whai ake nei: te toto nui i roto i te kanohi e hiahia ana ki te pokanga, ngā pakaru o te retina e ārahi ana ki te wehewehe, me ngā whakautu mumura e taea te pā ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te kanohi. Ka puta pea te pouri, te manukanuka rānei ki ētahi i te ngaro o te tirohanga, he mea tino mārama, ā, ka taea te whakaora.

Kaua e whakaiti i te pānga o ngā huringa o te tirohanga ki ngā kare-a-roto. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e pā ana ki te pouri, te riri, te wehi rānei mō tō rātou motuhake i te heke mai. Ka taea e ngā rōpū tautoko, te tohutohu, me ngā ratonga whakaora tirohanga te āwhina i a koe ki te whakarite me te pupuri i tō kounga ora.

Me pēhea te aukati i ngā mate o te retina?

Ahakoa kaore e taea e koe te aukati i ngā mate katoa o te retina, ina koa ngā mea i puta mai i ngā ira tuku ranei i te koroheketanga, he maha ngā take ka taea te aukati, te whakaheke rānei i tō rātou tipu mā te whakahaere hauora proactive me ngā whiringa noho ora.

Ko te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga hauora o raro ko tō taputapu aukati tino kaha. Mēnā he mate huka tōu, ko te pupuri i ō taumata huka toto i roto i ngā āhuatanga whāinga ka whakaiti nui i tō tūpono ki te retinopathy huka. Pēnei anō, ko te whakahaere i te toto teitei ka tiaki i ngā oko toto ngawari i roto i tō retina mai i te kino.

Ko ēnei ngā rautaki aukati kua whakamāramahia e taea e koe te whakamahi:

• Whakaritea he whakamātau kanohi whānui auau, ina koa ki te 50 tau rānei neke atu rānei ōu tau, kei a koe rānei ngā take tūpono.
• Whakahaeretia te mate huka mā ngā rongoā, kai, me te arotake auau.
• Whakahaeretia te toto toto me ngā taumata kolesterol.
• Whakamutu i te wāhine, kāore rānei e tīmata, i te mea ka nui te piki o te tūpono o te mate o te retina i te wāhine.
• Whakawhitia te taumaha hauora kia whakaitihia ai te tūpono o te mate huka me te toto toto teitei.
• Kakahuhia ngā karāhe kanohi whakamarumaru UV ina kei waho.
• Kai i te kai e whai hua ana i ngā rau kakariki, ika, me ngā hua me ngā huawhenua ngā whāinga.
• Whakakori auau kia pai ai te hauora o te ngakau.
• Tīakina ō kanohi kei te whara i ngā wā hapū, i ngā mahi mahi rānei.

Ka āwhina pea ngā taapiri kai i etahi take motuhake. E whakaatu ana etahi rangahau ko ngā ngako momona omega-3, lutein, zeaxanthin, me ngā huaora C me E pea ka whakaheke i te tere o te ngoikore o te macular i ētahi tangata, engari me kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā taapiri i mua i te tīmatanga.

Mēnā he hītori whānau koe o te mate o te retina, ka āwhina pea te tohutohu ira ki te whakamārama i ō tūpono me te whakarite i ngā whakatau whakamārama mō ngā rautaki aroturuki me te aukati.

Pehea te whakamātautau i ngā mate o te retina?

Ko te whakamātautau i ngā mate o te retina e whakamahi ana i te maha o ngā whakamātautau motuhake e taea ai e tō tākuta kanohi te tirotiro i te retina i te taipitopito me te aromatawai i te pai o tōna mahi. Ko ēnei whakamātautau kāore i te mamae noa, ā, ka whakarato i ngā korero nui mō te hauora o ō kanohi.

Ko tō whakamātautau ka tīmata noa ki te whakamātautau kanohi whānui, tae atu ki te hītori hauora taipitopito me te whakamātautau tirohanga. Ka ui tō tākuta ki ētahi tohu kua kite koe, tō hītori whānau, me ētahi āhuatanga hauora e pā ana pea ki ō kanohi.

Ko te tukanga whakamātautau e whakauru ana noa i ēnei whakamātautau matua:

• Te whakamātotorotanga o te kanohi mā te whakamahi i ngā matū motuhake hei whakarahi i ō ngākau kia pai ai te kite i te whatumanawa
• Te hangarau whakakotahitanga rama (OCT) hei hanga i ngā whakaahua tapawhā taipitopito o ngā paparanga whatumanawa
• Te whakaahua fluorescein mā te whakamahi i te tae e ringihia ana ki tō ringa hei whakaahua i te mahi o ngā oko toto
• Te whakaahua fundus hei tuhi i te ahua o tō whatumanawa
• Te whakamātautau mara tirohanga hei whakaahua i tō tirohanga taha
• Te whakamātautau electroretinography (ERG) hei ine i ngā whakautu hiko o ngā pūtau whatumanawa
• Te whakamātautau whatu Amsler hei kite i ngā whakapōwehenga o te tirohanga pokapū

Ko ētahi whakamātautau e hiahia ana ki te whakarite, pēnei i te whakarite i te kawe waka ki te kāinga i muri i te whakarahi, nā te mea ka mōrearea, ka mārama-whaiaro hoki tō tirohanga.

Ka taea e te whakaahua fluorescein te whakaiti i te kiri me te mimi, he mea noa tenei.

Ka taea hoki e tō tākuta te tono i ētahi atu whakamātautau i runga i ō tohu motuhake, i te āhuatanga rānei e whakapaetia ana. Ka āwhina enei aromatawai whānui ki te whakatau, ehara i te mea ko te momo mate whatumanawa kei a koe anake, engari ko te nui o te mate, me te huarahi rongoā ka tino whai hua.

He aha te rongoā mō ngā mate whatumanawa?

Kua tino whakahoutia te rongoā mō ngā mate whatumanawa i ngā tau tata nei, ā, e whakawhiwhia ana te tumanako me ngā hua pai ake mō te tini o te iwi. Ko te huarahi rongoā motuhake e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo me te kaha o tō āhuatanga, engari ko te whakauru wawe ka ārahi noa ki ngā hua pai ake.

He maha ngā mate whatumanawa ka taea te rongoā pai inaianei, ahakoa ko te whāinga he whakaiti i te whakawhāiti me te tiaki i te tirohanga e toe ana, ehara i te whakahoki mai i te tirohanga kua ngaro kē. Nō reira, he mea nui te kite wawe me te rongoā tere mō ngā hua pai rawa atu.

Ko ngā kōwhiringa rongoā noa e whai ake nei:

• Whakaurunga Anti-VEGF tika ki te kanohi hei whakaiti i te tipu o ngā oko toto rereke
• Whakaora laser hei hiri i ngā oko toto rereke, te whakangaro rānei i ngā kōpū rereke
• Taha whakaora vitrectomy hei tango i te toto, te kōpū mamae rānei i roto i te kanohi
• Te whakatikatika i te wehenga o te retina mā te whakamahi i ngā pūngoi hau, hinu silicone, te whakakapi scleral rānei
• Maimoatanga photodynamic e whakakotahi ana i te rongoā whakahohe-marama me te maimoatanga laser
• Whakaurunga corticosteroid, te whakato rānei hei whakaiti i te mumura
• Ngā taapiri kai mō ngā momo macular degeneration motuhake

Mō te retinopathy huka, he mea nui te whakahaere i ngā taumata huka toto me ngā maimoatanga kanohi motuhake. Ka mahi tahi tō tohunga endocrinologist me tō taakuta kanohi hei whakapai ake i tō tiaki whānui. Pēnei anō, ko te whakahaere i te toto toto me te cholesterol e tautoko ana i te hauora o te retina.

Ko ētahi maimoatanga hou e whakauru ana i te rongoā ira mō ētahi mate retina kua oti te whakawhiwhi, me te rangahau pūtau pakihiwi, ahakoa kei roto tonu ēnei i ngā kaupae whakamātautau. Ka taea pea te wātea ngā whakamātautau hauora mō ngā tāngata he āhuatanga motuhake kāore i whakautu ki ngā maimoatanga paerewa.

He mea nui ngā hui whakarite i ia wā ahakoa tō mahere maimoatanga. Ka aroturuki tō taakuta i tō whakautu ki te maimoatanga ka whakarite i te huarahi kia rite ki te hiahia kia mau tonu ngā hua tirohanga pai rawa atu.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā mate retina i te kāinga?

Ahakoa he mea nui te maimoatanga hauora mō ngā mate retina, he maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi i te kāinga hei tautoko i tō hauora kanohi me te whakarite ki ngā huringa tirohanga. Ka taea e ēnei rautaki te āwhina i a koe ki te pupuri i te motuhake me te kounga o te ora.

He mea nui te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga hauora taketake i te kāinga hei whakaiti i te tere o te mate. Ki te pēhea koe he mate huka, ko te aroturuki tonu i te huka toto, te whakarite i te rongoā, me te whakahaere kai e pā ana tika ki tō hauora retina. Pēnei anō, ko te tango i ngā rongoā toto toto kia rite ki te whakarite e āwhina ana ki te tiaki i ngā oko toto retina.

Ko ētahi o ngā rautaki whakahaere whare whai hua ko:

• Te whakamahi i te mārama tika i te wā e pānui ana, i te wā rānei e mahi ana i ngā mahi tata
• Te tango i ngā okioki tūturu i ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana te tirohanga
• Te kakahu tonu i ngā karāhe rānei i ngā karāhe whakaritea
• Te whakamahi i ngā taputapu whakanui rānei i ngā rauemi tuhinga nui ina hiahiatia
• Te whakarite i tō wāhi noho hei whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga hinga
• Te tāuta i ngā rama pūkaha-nekehanga mō te whakatere i te pō
• Te whakamahi i ngā tae teitei-whakāteatea hei whakaputa i ngā mea kia kitea ake
• Te tirotiro i tō tirohanga i ia rā me te whatanga Amsler mena ka tūtohutia

Ka taea e te tautoko kai te awhina i ētahi āhuatanga. Ko te kai e whai hua ana i ngā ngako momona omega-3, ngā rau kakariki, me ngā hua me ngā huawhenua whai antioxidant e tautoko ana i te hauora kanohi whānui. Ka whai hua ētahi i ngā taapiri huaora motuhake, engari kōrerohia ēnei ki tō tākuta tuatahi.

Ka taea e te hangarau te tino awhina i te whakahaere i ngā huringa tirohanga. Ka taea e ngā taupānga waea atamai te whakanui i te tuhinga, ka taea e ngā kaiawhina reo te awhina i ngā mahi o ia rā, ā, ka taea e te pūmanawa rorohiko motuhake te whakanui i te ihirangi mata. He maha o ēnei taputapu ka kore utu, kāore rānei i te iti te utu.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te tono tautoko. Ka taea e ngā ratonga whakaora tirohanga, ngā rōpū tautoko, me te tohutohu te awhina i a koe ki te whakarite ki ngā huringa me te pupuri i tō motuhaketanga me tō oranga pai o te hinengaro.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui ki te tākuta?

Ko te whakarite pai mō tō hui e āhei ai te whiwhi i te tiaki whānui rawa atu me te whakautu i ō pūrongo katoa. Ka āhei hoki te whakarite pai ki tō tākuta te whakarite i ngā whakatau me ngā tūtohu ātete.

I mua i tō hui, tuhituhia ngā tohu katoa kua kitea e koe, ahakoa he iti noa iho. Tāpirihia te wā i tīmata ai, te kino haere rānei, me te mea he aha te mea e pai ake ai, te kino ake rānei. Tākina te kanohi e pā ana, kei te raru rānei ngā kanohi e rua.

Kohikohia ngā korero nui hei whakawhiti ki tō tākuta:

• Rārangi kākāriki o ngā rongoā e inuhia ana e koe inaianei, tae atu ki ngā rongoā ka hokona i te toa me ngā taapiri kai
• Hītori whānau o ngā mate kanohi, te huka toto teitei rānei, te toto teitei rānei
• Tō hītori hauora, tae atu ki te mate huka, te toto teitei, te āhuatanga autoimmune rānei
• Ngā whara kanohi o mua, ngā pokanga, ngā maimoatanga rānei
• Ngā huringa hou ki tō hauora whānui
• Ngā kōrero inihua me ngā tohutoro mena e hiahiatia ana

Whakapaia he rārangi o ngā pātai hei ui ki tō tākuta. Whakaarohia te ui mō tō whakatau ā-mate motuhake, ngā whiringa maimoatanga, ngā hua e tumanakohia ana, ngā pānga kino pea, me te āhua o te tirotiro i tō āhuatanga i te kāinga. Kaua e manukanuka ki te ui i ngā pātai maha rawa – e hiahia ana tō tākuta kia mārama koe ki tō āhuatanga katoa.

Whakarite i te kawe mena ka whānui ngā pūpū o ō kanohi, i te mea ka mōrearea te tirohanga me te mārama mo etahi haora i muri mai. Kawe mai he karāhe hei kakahu i muri i te whakamātautau mō te whakamarie.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi hoa whakawhirinaki, whānau rānei hei āwhina i a koe ki te maumahara ki ngā kōrero i kōrerohia i te wā o te whakaritenga, ina koa ki te mea kei te manukanuka koe mō ngā whakatau ā-mate, maimoatanga rānei.

He aha te mea nui mō ngā mate o te retina?

Ko te karere tino nui mō ngā mate o te retina ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga ka taea te tiaki i tō tirohanga me te aukati i ngā raruraru kino. Ahakoa ka ātaahua enei āhuatanga, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e whakahaere pai ana i ngā mate o te retina me te pupuri i te kounga ora pai me te tiaki tika.

Ko ngā tirotiro kanohi ā-rū he parenga pai rawa mō te mate o te retina, ina koa ki te whai koe i ngā take morearea penei i te huka toto teitei, te toto teitei, te hītori whānau rānei o ngā raruraru kanohi. He maha ngā āhuatanga o te retina e whanake haere ana me te kore e kitea ngā tohu mārama i ngā wā o mua, nā reira he mea nui te tirotiro ngaio.

Ko te whakahaere i tō hauora whānui e pā ana nui ki te hauora o tō whatu. Ko te whakahaere i te huka toto me te toto teitei, te mutu i te kai paipa, te pupuri i te taumaha hauora, me te kai kai kai hauora katoa e tautoko ana i te hauora o ō kanohi me te whakapai ake i tō oranga whānui.

Kaua e wareware ki ngā huringa o te tirohanga, ahakoa ngā mea iti. Ahakoa ehara i te mea ko ia huringa tirohanga e tohu ana i te raruraru nui, he pai tonu te arotake wawe i ngā huringa i te wā e tatari ana kia kite mena ka kino ake.

Kia mahara kei te haere tonu te whakapai ake o ngā whiringa rongoā, ā, kei te whakawhanake tonu ngā kairangahau i ngā rongoā hou. Ahakoa kua tōmua koe ki te mate whatu, he maha tonu ngā mea ka taea te mahi hei awhina i te tiaki i tō tirohanga me te whakarite ki ngā huringa ka pā pea ki a koe.

Pātai noa e uihia ana mō ngā mate whatu

Ka taea te whakaora katoa i ngā mate whatu?

Kaore e taea te whakaora katoa i te nuinga o ngā mate whatu, engari he maha ka taea te whakahaere pai hei whakaheke i te ahu whakamua me te tiaki i te tirohanga. Ko te whāinga o te rongoā ko te pupuri i tō tirohanga o nāianei me te aukati i te kino atu i te whakahoki mai i te tirohanga kua ngaro kē.

Ko ētahi āhuatanga, pēnei i ētahi momo wehenga whatu, ka taea te whakatika pai me te pokanga mena ka kitea wawe. Heoi, ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te whakaheke macular me te retinopathy huka he mate roa e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere tonu i te wā kaore he rongoā kotahi.

He mamae ngā mate whatu?

Kaore te nuinga o ngā mate whatu e mamae na te mea kaore he kaiwhiwhi mamae te whatu. Kaore pea koe e kite i tetahi mamae i te wā e whanake ana enei āhuatanga, koia te take ko ngā huringa tirohanga te tohu tuatahi o te raruraru.

Heoi, ko ētahi rongoā mō ngā mate whatu, pēnei i ngā whakauru ki te kanohi, ka mate pea te mamae mo te wā poto. Ka whakamahi tō tākuta i te rongoā whakahaumaru hei whakaiti i tetahi mamae i te wā o ngā tukanga.

Ka matapo ahau mena he mate whatu toku?

Ko te whai mate whatu e kore e tino tikanga ka matapo koe. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai mate whatu ana e pupuri tonu ana i te tirohanga mahi i o rātou oranga katoa mā te rongoā me te whakahaere tika.

Ko te hua e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā take pēnei i te momo mate motuhake, te tere o te kimi, te pai o tō whakautu ki te rongoā, me te mea kei a koe ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora. Ko te kimi wawe me te rongoā ka tino whakapai ake i ngā tūmanako o te tiaki i tō tirohanga.

Kia hira te maha o ngā whakamātautau kanohi me whiwhi ahau mena he mate huka toku?

Mena he mate huka tōu, me whiwhi koe i te whakamātautau kanohi whānui kotahi te wā i te tau, ahakoa kāhore he raruraru tirohanga. Mena ka kitea te retinopathy huka, ka taea e tō tākuta te tūtohutia ngā whakamātautau maha atu, pea i ngā marama 3-6.

Ko ngā tāngata e whai mate huka kino ana, te retinopathy huka matatau rānei, pea ka hiahia ki ngā whakamātautau i ngā marama 2-4 kia aroturuki tatahia ai tō rātou āhuatanga, kia whakaritea ai hoki te rongoā kia rite ki te hiahia.

Ka taea te awhina pono e ngā huringa oranga te aukati i ngā mate whatu?

Ae, ka taea e ngā huringa oranga te whakaiti nui i tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i ngā mate whatu, te whakaheke rānei i tō rātou ahu whakamua mena kei a koe kē tetahi. Ko te whakahaere i te mate huka me te toto teitei, te mutu i te kai hikareti, te pupuri i te taumaha hauora, me te kai i te kai e whai hua ana ki te hauora o te kanohi, katoa ēnei mea he rerekētanga nui.

Ahakoa e kore e taea e koe te aukati i ngā mate whatu katoa, ina koa ngā mea e puta mai ana i ngā ira ranei i te koroheketanga, ko ngā whiringa oranga hauora ka hoatu ki a koe te tupono pai rawa atu ki te pupuri i te tirohanga pai i roto i tō oranga katoa.