He aha te Mate Wheua? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te mate wheua he mate wheua e pā ana ki ngā tamariki e tipu ana, ina kore e ranea te hua o te wītamini D, te kōparai, te phosphate rānei i roto i o rātou tinana. Ka āwhina ēnei kai matū nui ki te whakakahangihangi i ngā wheua, no reira, ki te kore rātou, ka ngoikore, ka ngawari ngā wheua.

Whakaarohia te hanga whare kaore he rauemi kaha. Kaore e taea e ngā wheua te hanga tika, ka arahi ki te piko, ki te mamae, ki te whakaroa o te tipu. Ahakoa i noho te mate wheua hei mea noa i mua, he mea onge inaianei i ngā whenua whānui, na te kai kua whakakāhia me te mohiotanga pai ake mō te kai.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate wheua?

Ka tipu haere ngā tohu o te mate wheua i te wa e tipu ana tō tamaiti. Ka kite pea koe i ngā huringa o te ara o te haere, o te āhua o te wheua, o te whanaketanga katoa rānei.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa ka kitea e koe:

• Ngā waewae piko, ngā turi piko rānei e kitea ana i te wa e tīmata ana tō tamaiti te haere
• Te whakaroa o te tipu niho, ngā raruraru niho rānei pēnei i ngā rua me te kirikiri ngoikore
• Te mamae o te wheua me te ngawari, inā te nuinga i ngā waewae, i te upoko, i te tuaka rānei
• Te whakaroa o te tipu me te poto atu i ētahi atu tamariki o tō rātou tau
• Te ngoikore o te uaua me te uaua ki te haere, ki te piki rānei i ngā kaupae
• Ngā whati wheua maha mai i ngā hinga iti, ngā pakaru rānei
• Ngā wheua anga ngawari i ngā pepe, me te whakaroa o te kati o ngā waahi ngawari

I ētahi wā, ka kite pea koe i ngā tohu kaore i te noa. Ka uru pea ēnei ki ngā āhua o te uma i te wa e pēhi ana te wheua uma ki waho, ngā āhua o te anga kore noa, te piko o te tuaka rānei. Ka pa pea ki ētahi tamariki ngā hopu, ngā uaua rānei e wiri ana, nā te iti o te kōparai.

Ka puta ēnei tohu nā te kore o ngā kai e hiahiatia ana e ngā wheua kia pakari. Ko te rongo pai, mā te maimoatanga tika, ka taea te whakapai ake i te nuinga o ēnei huringa.

He aha ngā momo mate wheua?

He maha ngā momo mate wheua rerekē, ia momo ia take. Ko te matauranga o te momo e pā ana ki tō tamaiti ka āwhina ki te whakatau i te huarahi maimoatanga pai.

Ko ēnei ngā momo matua:

• Te mate wheua kai: Ko te momo tino noa, i puta mai i te kore o te wītamini D, te kōparai, te phosphate rānei mai i te kai, te rā rānei
• Te mate wheua e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wītamini D: He āhuatanga tuku iho onge kaore e taea e te tinana te tukatuka tika i te wītamini D, ahakoa te kai ranea
• Te mate wheua e āhei ana ki te wītamini D: He momo tuku iho anō kaore e taea e ngā whatukuhu te pupuri i te phosphate, ka arahi ki ngā raruraru wheua ahakoa te taumata wītamini D noa
• Te mate wheua whatukuhu: Ka puta mai i te wa e aukati ana te mate whatukuhu i te whakahohe tika i te wītamini D, te pupuri rānei i te phosphate

Ka pai te whakautu o te mate wheua kai ki ngā huringa kai me ngā taapiri. Heoi, me whakahaerehia ngā momo tuku iho ki te taote motuhake i te ao katoa. Ka taea e tō taote te whakatau i te momo o tō tamaiti mā ngā whakamātautau toto me te hītori whānau.

He aha ngā take o te mate wheua?

Ka puta te mate wheua ina kore e ranea ngā kai matū nui e hiahiatia ana e ngā wheua e tipu ana kia pakari. Ko te take matua ko te kore o te wītamini D, engari he maha ngā take ka āwhina ki tenei raruraru.

Ko ēnei ngā take tino noa:

• Te iti o te whakamārama o te rā, inā te nuinga i ngā whenua o te tonga, te noho rānei o ngā tamariki i roto i te whare
• Te kore o te wītamini D i roto i te kai, inā te nuinga i ngā tamariki kaore e kai i te miraka kua whakakāhia, ngā kai rānei
• Ngā mate kore-whakauru pēnei i te mate celiac, te mate cystic fibrosis rānei e aukati ana i te whakauru kai
• Ngā kai vegan kaha kaore he taapiri wītamini D me te kōparai
• Te whānau wawe, i te mea he iti ake te wītamini D i ngā pepe wawe
• Te kiri pouri i ngā wāhi iti te rā, i te mea ka whakaiti te melanin i te whakaputa wītamini D

Kaore i te noa, ka puta mai te mate wheua i ngā āhuatanga ira tuku iho onge e pā ana ki te tukatuka o te tinana i te wītamini D, te phosphate rānei. Ka taea hoki e ētahi rongoā, inā te nuinga o ētahi rongoā hopu, te whakakore i te whakahaere wītamini D i te wa roa.

I ētahi wā, ka whakakotahi ngā take maha hei hanga i te raruraru. Hei tauira, he tamaiti iti te whakamārama o te rā e whai ana i te kai whakawātea pea ka nui ake te tūponotanga i te tangata kotahi te take morearea.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō te mate wheua?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki te taote o tō tamaiti ki te kite koe i ētahi tohu o ngā raruraru wheua, te whakaroa rānei o te whanaketanga. Ka taea e te whakauru wawe te aukati i ngā raruraru me te awhina i ngā wheua o tō tamaiti kia tipu tika.

Rapua te tiaki hauora ki te kite koe i ētahi o ēnei tohu āwangawanga:

• Te piko o ngā waewae e kitea ana e kino haere ana i te wa e tipu ana tō tamaiti
• Te mamae wheua maha, te ngawari rānei e āwangawanga ana i ngā mahi o ia rā
• Te whakaroa o te haere, te uaua rānei ki te nekehanga i te whakatau ki ētahi atu tamariki
• Ngā whati wheua kore noa mai i ngā whara iti
• Ngā raruraru niho pēnei i te whakaroa o te puta mai o ngā niho, ngā rua maha rānei
• Te ngoikore o te uaua, ngā mamae rānei, inā te nuinga me ngā tohu pēnei i te hopu

Kaua e tatari ki te āwangawanga koe mō te tipu o tō tamaiti, te whanaketanga rānei. Ka taea e tō tākuta tamariki te mahi i ngā whakamātautau ngāwari hei tirotiro i ngā taumata wītamini D me te hauora wheua. Ka tino whai hua te kite wawe ki te maimoatanga.

Ki te whai tō tamaiti i ngā take morearea pēnei i te iti o te whakamārama o te rā, ngā herenga kai, te hītori whānau rānei o ngā raruraru wheua, kōrerohia ngā rautaki aukati ki tō taote ahakoa i mua i te putanga o ngā tohu.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te mate wheua?

He maha ngā take ka piki ake te tūponotanga o tō tamaiti ki te whanake i te mate wheua. Ko te matauranga o ēnei take morearea ka āwhina i a koe ki te tango i ngā kaupae aukati me te mohio ki te wa hei tiaki atu.

Ko ēnei ngā take morearea matua:

• Te tau: Ko ngā tamariki i waenga i te 6 marama me te 2 tau te tino ngoikore i te wa o te tipu tere o te wheua
• Te iti o te whakamārama o te rā: Te noho i ngā whenua o te tonga, te noho maha rānei i roto i te whare, te hipoki rānei i te kiri katoa
• Te tae o te kiri: Ko te kiri pouri ake ka hiahia ki te whakamārama o te rā kia nui ake te whakaputa wītamini D
• Ngā take kai: Ngā kai vegan, ngā mate miraka, te kore manawanui ki te lactose rānei kaore he taapiri tika
• Te whānau wawe: He iti ake te wītamini D me te kōparai i ngā pepe i whānau wawe
• Te whāngai u kaore he taapiri wītamini D: Kaore pea te miraka u anake e whakarato i te wītamini D

Ko ngā take morearea atu ko ētahi āhuatanga hauora e pā ana ki te whakauru kai, pēnei i te mate celiac, te mate inflammatory bowel rānei. Ka taea hoki e ētahi rongoā, inā te nuinga o ngā rongoā hopu, te whakakore i te whakahaere wītamini D.

Ko te whai i ngā take morearea kaore e tikanga ka whanake tō tamaiti i te mate wheua. Ko te tikanga noa, me kaha ake koe ki te aukati mā te kai tika me te whakamārama o te rā.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate wheua?

Ki te kore e maimoatia, ka taea e te mate wheua te arahi ki ngā āhua wheua mau tonu me ētahi atu raruraru hauora nui. Heoi, mā te maimoatanga tika, ka taea te aukati i te nuinga o ngā raruraru, te whakapai ake rānei.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru pea:

• Ngā āhua wheua mau tonu: Ngā waewae piko, ngā turi piko, te piko o te tuaka rānei pea e hiahia ana ki te whakatikatika pokanga
• Ngā raruraru niho: Te whakaroa o te puta mai o ngā niho, te piki o ngā rua, te kirikiri niho kī rānei
• Te piki o te morearea whati: Ngā wheua ngoikore e whati ngāwari ana i te ao katoa
• Ngā raruraru tipu: Te poto o te teitei pakeke me te whakaroa o te whanaketanga tinana
• Ngā hopu me ngā uaua e wiri ana: Nā te iti o te kōparai e pā ana ki te mahi o ngā io me ngā uaua
• Ngā raruraru manawa: Ngā āhua uma e pā ana ki te manawa

I ētahi wā onge, ka taea e te mate wheua nui te arahi ki ngā raruraru kino e wehi ai te ora. Ka uru pea ēnei ki te tetany (ngā uaua e wiri ana), ngā raruraru o te au o te ngakau mai i te iti o te kōparai, te uaua rānei ki te manawa mai i ngā āhua o te pakitara uma.

Ko te rongo pai, i te wa e kitea wawe ana te mate wheua, ka maimoatia tika, ka ora katoa te nuinga o ngā tamariki. Ka taea te whakapai ake i ētahi āhua wheua mā te maimoatanga, inā te nuinga i ngā tamariki iti kei te tipu tonu o rātou wheua.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate wheua?

He ngāwari ake te aukati i te mate wheua i te maimoatanga, ā, he ngāwari ngā kaupae. Ko te matua ko te whakarite kia ranea te wītamini D, te kōparai, te phosphate rānei i tō tamaiti mā te whakakotahitanga o te rā, te kai, me ngā taapiri ina hiahiatia.

Ko ēnei ngā rautaki aukati tino whai hua:

• Whakarite kia ranea te whakamārama o te rā: Mō te 10-15 meneti o te rā o te awatea i te wiki
• Hoatu ngā taapiri wītamini D: Inā te nuinga mō ngā pepe e whāngai ana i te u me ngā tamariki iti te whakamārama o te rā
• Whakauruhia ngā kai kōparai: Miraka, tīhi, ioka, rau kakariki, me ngā momo tipu kua whakakāhia
• Kōwhiria ngā kai kua whakakāhia: Cereals, miraka, me ētahi atu hua kua tāpirihia te wītamini D me te kōparai
• Pupuri i te kai rite: Whakauruhia ngā kai e whai ana i te phosphate pēnei i te mīti, te ika, ngā hua manu, me te miraka

Mō ngā whānau e whai ana i ngā kai vegan, te mate miraka rānei, mahi tahi me tō tākuta tamariki ki te whakarite kia ranea te taapiri. Pea ka hiahia ngā tamariki kiri pouri e noho ana i ngā whenua o te tonga ki ngā taapiri wītamini D atu i te tau katoa.

Ki te whai tō tamaiti i ētahi take morearea, kōrerohia ngā rautaki aukati ki tō taote. Pea ka tūtohu rātou i ngā whakamātautau toto kia mau tonu hei tirotiro i ngā taumata wītamini D me te whakatika i te taapiri.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te mate wheua?

Ko te whakatau i te mate wheua ko te whakakotahitanga o te tirotiro tinana, ngā whakamātautau toto, me ngā rangahau whakaahua. Ka titiro tō taote ki ngā tohu āhua me te whakau i te whakatau mā ngā whakamātautau motuhake.

Ko te tukanga whakatau i te nuinga ka uru ki:

• Te tirotiro tinana: Te tirotiro i ngā āhua wheua, ngā raruraru niho, te ngoikore o te uaua rānei
• Ngā whakamātautau toto: Te ine i ngā taumata wītamini D, kōparai, phosphate, me te alkaline phosphatase
• Ngā X-rays: Te whakaatu i ngā huringa wheua āhua pēnei i te piko, ngā papa tipu whakaroa, ngā whati rānei
• Te hītori hauora: Te kōrero mō te kai, te whakamārama o te rā, te hītori whānau, me ngā tohu

He mea nui rawa ngā whakamātautau toto, i te mea ka taea e rātou te kite i te mate wheua i mua i te putanga o ngā huringa wheua. Ko ngā taumata wītamini D iti me te piki o te homoni parathyroid e tohu ana i te āhuatanga.

Ka whakaatu ngā X-rays i ngā tohu tino o te mate wheua, tae atu ki ngā papa tipu whānui, te tau wheua whakaroa, me ngā āhua kī. I ētahi wā, pea ka tono tō taote i ngā whakamātautau atu hei kimi i te momo mate wheua motuhake, te whakakore rānei i ētahi atu āhuatanga.

Ko te rongo pai ko ēnei whakamātautau he mea noa, kāore hoki e awangawanga tō tamaiti. Ko te whiwhi i te whakatau tika ko te kaupae tuatahi ki te maimoatanga whai hua.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te mate wheua?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te mate wheua ko te whakatika i te kore kai matū me te tautoko i te whanaketanga wheua tika. Ko te huarahi motuhake e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo mate wheua me tōna kaha.

Ko te maimoatanga noa e uru ana ki:

• Te taapiri wītamini D: Ngā matū wītamini D nui, ngā papa rānei, i te nuinga mō ngā marama maha
• Ngā taapiri kōparai: Hei tautoko i te whakakahangihangi wheua me te aukati i ngā tohu kore
• Ngā huringa kai: Te piki ake o ngā kai e whai ana i te wītamini D, te kōparai, te phosphate rānei
• Te piki ake o te whakamārama o te rā: Ngā rahinga haumaru o te rā hei whakatairanga i te whakaputa wītamini D
• Te tirotiro tonu: Ngā whakamātautau toto hei aroturuki i te whakapainga me te whakatika i te maimoatanga

Mō ngā momo onge pēnei i te mate wheua e āhei ana ki te wītamini D, he uaua ake te maimoatanga, pea ka hiahia ngā rongoā motuhake pēnei i te calcitriol, ngā taapiri phosphate rānei. Pea ka hiahia ētahi tamariki ki te maimoatanga ora.

I ngā take e whai ana i ngā āhua wheua nui, pea ka tūtohuhia te pokanga orthopedic i te wa kua maimoatia te mate wheua, kua kaha ake ngā wheua. Heoi, ka whakapai ake te nuinga o ngā āhua mā te maimoatanga hauora anake, inā te nuinga i ngā tamariki iti.

Ka whakaatu te nuinga o ngā tamariki e whai ana i te mate wheua kai i te whakapainga i roto i ngā marama torutoru o te maimoatanga, me te heke o te mamae wheua me te whakahoki mai o te tipu ki ngā āhua noa.

Me pēhea te whakarato i te tiaki kāinga i te wa e maimoatia ana te mate wheua?

Ko te tautoko i te maimoatanga o tō tamaiti i te kāinga ko te whakahaere tonu i ngā rongoā, ngā whakapainga kai, me te hanga i te taiao haumaru i te wa e ora ana ngā wheua.

Ko te āhua ka taea e koe te awhina i tō tamaiti kia ora:

• Hoatu ngā rongoā tonu: Whai i ngā tohutohu a tō taote tika mō ngā taapiri wītamini D me te kōparai
• Whakatairangahia te whakamārama o te rā haumaru: Mō te 10-15 meneti o te rā o te ata, te ahiahi rānei ina taea
• Hoatu ngā kai kai ora: Whakauruhia ngā cereals kua whakakāhia, ngā hua miraka, te ika, me ngā huawhenua rau kakariki
• Hangaia he taiao haumaru: Aukati i ngā hinga me ngā whara i te wa e ngoikore tonu ana ngā wheua
• Tirohia ngā tohu: Pupuri i ngā taumata mamae, te nekehanga, me ētahi atu āwangawanga hou

Kia mau tō tamaiti ki te mahi i roto i tōna taumata whakamarie. Ka āwhina te whakakori ngawari me te takaro ki te whakakahangihangi i ngā wheua me ngā uaua i te wa e ora ana. Heoi, karohia ngā mahi kaha e taea ai te whati.

Pupurihia ngā whakaritenga whai muri tonu ki tō taote hei aroturuki i te whakapainga. Ka whakatika rātou i te maimoatanga i runga i ngā hua whakamātautau toto me te whakapainga o tō tamaiti.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakaritenga taote?

Ko te whakarite pai mō tō whakaritenga ka āwhina i te whakarite kei a tō taote ngā mōhiohio katoa e hiahiatia ana hei whakarato i te tiaki pai mō tō tamaiti.

I mua i tō haerenga, kohia ēnei mōhiohio:

• Ngā kōrero tohu: I te wa i kite tuatahi ai koe i ngā raruraru, te āhua o te huringa, me te mea e pai ake ana, e kino ake ana rānei
• Te hītori hauora: Ngā mate o mua, ngā rongoā, me ētahi hītori whānau o ngā raruraru wheua
• Ngā mōhiohio kai: Ko te mea e kai ana, e inu ana tō tamaiti, tae atu ki ētahi herenga, ngā taapiri rānei
• Ngā take noho: Te whakamārama o te rā, ngā taumata mahi, me te wa e noho ana i roto, i waho rānei
• Ngā rēkōta tipu: Ngā ine teitei me te taumaha mai i ngā haerenga o mua ki te wātea

Tuhia ngā pātai motuhake e hiahia ana koe ki te ui, pēnei i ngā whiringa maimoatanga, te wa e tumanakohia ana mō te whakapainga, ngā herenga mahi rānei. Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui mō tetahi mea e āwangawanga ana koe.

Mauria he rārangi o ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri katoa e inu ana tō tamaiti. Ki te taea, mau mai ngā rēkōta whakakakahu o tō tamaiti me ētahi hua whakamātautau o mua e pā ana ki te hauora wheua.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate wheua?

He āhuatanga taea te maimoatanga te mate wheua e pai ana te whakautu ki te kai tika me te tiaki hauora. Ahakoa ka taea te arahi ki ngā raruraru nui ki te kore e maimoatia, ka ora katoa te nuinga o ngā tamariki mā te maimoatanga tika.

Ko ngā take nui hei mahara ko te aukati he mea ngāwari mā te wītamini D, te kōparai, me te whakamārama o te rā haumaru. Ki te whakaaro koe he mate wheua, ko te tiaki hauora wawe ka arahi ki ngā hua pai ake ka taea te aukati i ngā raruraru mau tonu.

Mā ngā whiringa maimoatanga o tenei rā me te matauranga kai, kaore te mate wheua e pā ki te hauora roa me te whanaketanga o tō tamaiti. Noho whakamārama, mahi tahi me tō kaiwhakarato hauora, kia mahara hoki he mea taea te whakahaere pai tenei āhuatanga mā te tiaki tika.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te mate wheua

Ka taea te whakaora katoa i te mate wheua?

Ae, ka taea te whakaora katoa i te mate wheua kai mā te maimoatanga tika. Ka ora katoa te nuinga o ngā tamariki ina whiwhi rātou i te wītamini D, te kōparai, me te phosphate e ranea ana. Ka taea te whakapai ake i ētahi āhua wheua, inā te nuinga i ngā tamariki iti kei te tipu tonu o rātou wheua. Heoi, me whakahaerehia ngā momo tuku iho o te mate wheua i te ao katoa, kāore i te whakaora katoa.

E hia te roa o te kite i te whakapainga mā te maimoatanga?

Ka tīmata te nuinga o ngā tamariki te whakaatu i te whakapainga i roto i ngā marama 2-3 i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga. Ka heke te mamae wheua i te tuatahi, ka whai te tipu pai ake me te whakatika haere o ngā āhua. Ka taea te ora katoa te 6-12 marama, te roa rānei, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha. Ka aroturuki tō taote i te whakapainga mā ngā whakamātautau toto me ngā tirotiro tonu.

He mate pāhoko, he mate tuku iho rānei te mate wheua?

Kāore te mate wheua e pāhoko. Kāore e taea te hopu mai i tētahi atu tangata. Heoi, he momo onge o te mate wheua he mate tuku iho, ko te tikanga ka tukuna i roto i ngā whānau nā ngā rerekētanga ira. Kāore te mate wheua kai, te momo tino noa, he mate tuku iho, ka puta mai i te kore o te wītamini D.

Ka taea e ngā pakeke te whiwhi i te mate wheua?

Ka taea e ngā pakeke te whanake i te āhuatanga rite e kiia nei ko te osteomalacia, ko te “mate wheua pakeke” tēnā. Ka puta mai tēnei ina ngawari ngā wheua pakeke nā te kore o te wītamini D. Ahakoa he rite ngā raruraru wheua, kāore ngā pakeke e pāngia e ngā raruraru tipu me te whanaketanga e kitea ana i ngā tamariki e whai ana i te mate wheua.

He aha ngā kai pai mō te aukati i te mate wheua?

Ko ngā kai pai ko te miraka me ngā cereals kua whakakāhia, te ika ngako pēnei i te salmon me te mackerel, ngā hua manu, me te tīhi. Mō te kōparai, aro ki ngā hua miraka, ngā huawhenua rau kakariki, me ngā momo tipu kua whakakāhia. Kua whakakāhia te maha o ngā kai ki te wītamini D hei awhina i te aukati i te mate wheua me te tautoko i te hauora wheua.