He aha te ringawhā o te pūkau? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te ringawhā o te pūkau he mate huaketo e pā ana ki te makawe me te kiri o tō upoko. Ahakoa tō ingoa, kāore he hononga ki ngā kutukutu – he harore iti te take, e hanga ana i ngā paparanga porowhita, rite ki te mowhiti, i te pūkau.

Ko tēnei āhuatanga, e kiia ana ko te tinea capitis, he tino noa i ngā tamariki, engari e taea ana e te tangata te whiwhi. Ko te rongo pai, mā te maimoatanga tika, ka mōhio te ringawhā o te pūkau, ka tipu anō ō makawe ki te noa.

He aha te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Ko te ringawhā o te pūkau he mate huaketo ka pā ki ngā pūkahukahu makawe me te kiri o tō pūkau. Ka kai ngā harore i te keratin, he pūmua kei roto i te makawe me te kiri, ka whakawaiwai i te rakau makawe ka pakaru.

Ka kite pea koe i ngā paparanga porowhita, ā, he porowhita rānei, kei reira te makawe i pakaru tata atu ki te pūkau, ka waiho i ngā kōpū poto, ā, he rohe maeneene rānei. Ko ēnei paparanga he maha ngā mea tautau, he mea tautau rānei, ā, ka kitea pea he mea whakaara ake, ā, he mumura rānei.

Ka horapa ngā mate ngāwari mā te hononga tika ki ngā tāngata kua pā, ki ngā kararehe rānei, ki ngā mea kua whakapokea rānei, pēnei i ngā kāpeti, ngā potae, ngā moenga rānei. Ko ngā tamariki i waenganui i ngā tau 3 me te 14 te tino pā, ahakoa ka taea e ngā pakeke te whiwhi.

He aha ngā tohu o te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Ko te tohu tino kitea ko te ngaro o te makawe i ngā wahi e kitea ana i roto i ngā wiki. Ko ēnei waahi pakaru ka timata iti, ā, ka nui ake pea mēnā kāore i te maimoatia.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu matua hei titiro:

• Ngā paparanga porowhita, ā, he porowhita rānei o te ngaro o te makawe me ngā kōpū makawe i pakaru
• Te kiri tautau, he mea tautau rānei i ngā wāhi kua pā
• Te ngau, ā, te mamae rānei i te pūkau
• Ngā pōro hina, ā, pango rānei kei reira te makawe i pakaru i te mata
• Ngā ngutu pupuhi i muri i ngā taringa, ā, i muri i te kaki rānei
• Te kiri whero, he mumura rānei i te taha o ngā paparanga

I ētahi wā, ka puta pea he āhua nui ake e kiia ana ko te kerion. Ka hanga tēnei i ngā pōro mamae, he mea kī, ka taea te ngawari, ā, te ngākau rānei ki te pa. Ahakoa he āhuatanga wehi te kerion, ka ora ngāwari mēnā i te maimoatia tika.

Kāore i te noa, ka taea e te mate te whakaputa i te whakautu mumura whānui puta noa i te pūkau, ka arahina ki te ngaro o te makawe i te nuinga atu i ngā paparanga motuhake. Ka taea pea te whakaaro he āhuatanga ngaro makawe ētahi atu.

He aha te take o te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Ko te ringawhā o te pūkau he harore dermatophyte te take e whakauru ana ki te whakangaro i te keratin. Ko ngā mea tino noa ko te Trichophyton tonsurans me te Microsporum canis.

Ka ora ēnei harore i ngā taiao mahana, makuku, ka horapa mā ngā huarahi maha:

• Te hononga tika ki te pūkau, ā, te makawe rānei o te tangata kua pā
• Te whakamahi tahi i ngā taonga whaiaro pēnei i ngā kāpeti, ngā paraihe, ngā potae, ngā moenga rānei
• Te hononga ki ngā kararehe kua pā, ina koa ngā ngeru, ngā kuri, ngā kararehe pāmu rānei
• Te pa ki ngā mata kua whakapokea i ngā wāhi pēnei i ngā toa whakapai makawe, ngā ruma whakakapi rānei
• Te haere waewae i ngā wāhi whānui kei reira pea ngā harore

Ka taea e ngā harore te ora i runga i ngā mata me ngā taonga mō ngā marama, ka tino noa te tuku kore tika. Kia tae atu ki tō pūkau, ka keri atu ki ngā pūkahukahu makawe ka tīmata ki te kai i te keratin, ka whakawaiwai haere i te hanganga makawe.

He maha ngā āhuatanga e tino pā ana ki te mate, tae atu ki ngā whara iti o te pūkau, te ngau nui, te ngoikore rānei o te pūnaha ārai mate. Kāore te horoi kino e pā te ringawhā, engari ka taea te ngāwari ake te tuku.

Nōhea te haere ki te taakuta mō te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Me haere koe ki te kaiwhakarato hauora i te wa tonu e kitea ana e koe te ngaro o te makawe, ā, ngā huringa pūkau rānei. Ka ārai te maimoatanga wawe i te horapa o te mate, ka whakaiti i te tūpono o te ngaro o te makawe tonu.

Rapua te awhina hauora i te wa tonu mēnā ka kite koe:

• Ngā paparanga o te ngaro o te makawe i te pūkau
• Te ngau, te tautau rānei e kore e pai ake mā te horoi noa
• Ngā wāhi whero, pupuhi, ā, mamae rānei i te pūkau
• Ngā pōro kī, ā, ngā whekau tuwhera rānei
• Te kirika me ngā tohu pūkau
• Ngā ngutu pupuhi i te kaki, ā, i muri i ngā taringa rānei

Kaua e tatari kia pai ake te āhuatanga. Me whakamahi te rongoā antifungal i runga i te tātaritanga, ā, e kore e pai ake mā ngā maimoatanga kore-tātaritanga, ā, ngā rongoā kāinga anake.

Mēnā kua tohua tetahi i roto i tō whare ki te ringawhā o te pūkau, me tirotiro ngā mema whānau ētahi atu ahakoa kāore rātou e whai tohu. Ka taea te horapa o te mate i mua i te kitea o ngā tohu.

He aha ngā take tūpono mō te ringawhā o te pūkau?

He maha ngā take ka piki ake tō tūpono ki te whiwhi i te ringawhā o te pūkau. Ko te mārama ki ēnei ka āwhina i a koe ki te tango i ngā whakaritenga tika, ā, ki te mohio ki te wā kei te nui ake pea tō tūpono.

Ko ngā take tūpono tino nui ko ēnei:

• Te tau – ko ngā tamariki i waenganui i ngā tau 3 me te 14 te tino pā
• Te hononga tata ki ngā tāngata kua pā, ina koa i ngā kura, ngā whare tiaki tamariki rānei
• Te noho i ngā wāhi whānui, ā, whare whakahaere rānei
• Te hononga ki ngā mokai kua pā, ngā kararehe pāmu rānei
• Te whakauru ki ngā hākinakina hononga pēnei i te whawhai
• Te whakamahi i ngā wāhi tūmatanui pēnei i ngā pūnga kaukau, ngā ruma whakakapi rānei
• Te ngoikore o te pūnaha ārai mate nā te mate, te rongoā rānei
• Te noho i ngā āhuarangi mahana, makuku kei reira ngā harore e ora ana

He maha ngā taupori e pā ana ki ngā tūpono nui ake nā ngā take hapori, ā, taiao rānei. Ka nui ake pea te whakaū o ngā tamariki i ngā tāone nui me ngā rauemi iti mā ngā wāhi noho tahi, ngā whare hapori rānei.

Ko te mate huka, te tango rongoā whakaiti pūnaha ārai mate, te maimoatanga mate pukupuku rānei ka taea hoki te whakaiti i tō tūpono ki ngā mate huaketo. Engari, ka taea tonu e ngā tāngata hauora te whiwhi i te ringawhā o te pūkau mēnā kua whakaū ki ngā harore.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Ko te nuinga o ngā take o te ringawhā o te pūkau ka ora katoa mā te maimoatanga tika, kāore he pānga roa. Engari, ka puta pea ētahi raruraru, ina koa mēnā kāore te mate i te maimoatia, ā, ka nui haere rānei.

Ko ngā raruraru tino noa ko ēnei:

• Te ngaro o te makawe tonu i ngā wāhi kua pā nui
• Ngā mate huaketo tuarua nā te karaka
• Te tohu o te kiko pūkau
• Te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu wāhi o te tinana
• Te hanganga kerion me ngā whara kī, he mea kī
• Te mumura tonu ahakoa kua whakangarohia te harore

Ko te tohu tonu ka puta anake i te wā e whakaputa ana te mate i te mumura hohonu, i te wā e puta ana ngā mate huaketo tuarua rānei. Koinei te tino pā ki ngā mate kerion e whakaputa ana i te pupuhi nui, te pakaru kiko rānei.

I ētahi wā, ka taea e te ringawhā o te pūkau kore-maimoatia te arahina ki te āhuatanga e kiia ana ko te favus, e whakaputa ana i te ngaro o te makawe tonu, te tohu rānei. Kāore tēnei āhua nui i te noa i ngā whenua whānui nā te wātea o ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga.

Kaua hoki e wareware ki te pānga hinengaro. Ka pā te ngaro o te makawe ki te whakaaro nui, ina koa ki ngā tamariki, ā, ngā taitamariki rānei. Ka āwhina te maimoatanga wawe ki te whakaiti i ngā pānga tinana, ā, hinengaro o te āhuatanga.

Me pēhea te ārai i te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Ko te ārai e aro ana ki te whakaiti i te whakaū ki ngā harore, ki te pupuri rānei i te horoi pai o te pūkau. Ahakoa kāore e taea e koe te whakakore i ngā tūpono katoa, ka whakaiti nui ngā whakaritenga ngāwari i ō tūpono ki te mate.

Ko ēnei ngā rautaki ārai tino whai hua:

• Kaua e whakamahi tahi i ngā taonga whaiaro pēnei i ngā kāpeti, ngā paraihe, ngā potae, ngā taonga makawe rānei
• Horoi pai ō ringa i muri i te pa ki ngā kararehe
• Pupuri i tō pūkau kia ma, kia maroke
• Whakamāori i ngā mata tahi i ngā toa whakapai makawe, ngā rūma rānei
• Tirohia ngā mokai i ia wā mō ngā tohu o ngā mate kiri
• Kaua e hono tata ki ngā tāngata he mate kaha
• Kakahu i ngā kākahu tiaki i ngā kaukau tūmatanui, ngā wāhi pūnga kaukau rānei

Mēnā he tangata kei tō whare he ringawhā pūkau, horoia ō rātou moenga, kakahu, ā, ngā taonga whaiaro i roto i te wai wera me te horoi. Me pupuri ngā taonga kaore e taea te horoi ki roto i ngā putea kirihou mō ngā wiki kia mate ngā harore.

Mō ngā whānau he mokai, ka āwhina ngā tirotiro hauora kararehe i ia wā ki te tohu, ki te maimoatanga rānei i ngā mate kararehe i mua i te horapa ki ngā tāngata. Mēnā ka puta he paparanga porowhita o te ngaro o te makawe i tō mokai, me tirotiro wawe.

He mahi nui ngā kura, ngā whare tiaki tamariki rānei i te ārai mā te tirotiro i ngā tamariki mō ngā tohu, mā te whakaako rānei i ngā whānau mō ngā tikanga horoi tika.

Me pēhea te tohu i te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Ko te tohu ka tīmata mā te tirohanga kanohi o tō pūkau me tō makawe. Ka titiro tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te tauira tino kitea o te ngaro o te makawe me te tautau e whakaatu ana i te mate huaketo.

Hei whakau i te tohu, ka taea e tō taakuta te mahi i ētahi whakamātautau:

• Whakamātautau KOH (potassium hydroxide) – te tirotiro i ngā tauira makawe i raro i te microscope
• Te whakatō huaketo – te whakatō i te mea ora i roto i te taiwhanga hei tohu i te momo motuhake
• Te whakamātautau rama Wood – te whakamahi i te mārama ultraviolet hei kimi i ētahi harore
• Dermoscopy – te tirotiro nui ake o te pūkau me te makawe

Ka whakarato te whakamātautau KOH i ngā hua tere i roto i ngā meneti, ka whakaatu i ngā mea huaketo pēnei i ngā pōro me ngā hanganga rite ki te aho e kiia ana ko ngā hyphae. Engari, ka taea pea e tēnei whakamātautau te ngaro i ngā mate, te hoatu rānei i ngā hua teka.

Ko te whakatō huaketo te paerewa koura mō te tohu engari ka roa te 2-4 wiki. Ka kotia e tō taakuta ngā makawe kua pā, ngā tautau hei tuku ki te taiwhanga, kei reira ngā kaimahi hangarau ka taea te tohu i te momo harore tika.

Kāore i te noa te whakamahi i te whakamātautau rama Wood inaianei nā te mea he maha ngā momo hou o te harore ringawhā e kore e whakamārama i raro i te mārama ultraviolet. Engari, mēnā he pai, ka taea te āwhina ki te whakau i te tohu i te wa tonu.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Me whakamahi te rongoā antifungal i runga i te tātaritanga mō te ringawhā o te pūkau. Kāore ngā maimoatanga o waho pēnei i ngā kirikiri, ngā horoi rānei e whai hua nā te mea kāore e taea te keri hohonu ki ngā pūkahukahu makawe.

Ko ngā rongoā antifungal waha tino whakamahia ko ēnei:

• Griseofulvin – he maha ngā wiki 6-12 te tango
• Terbinafine – he maha ngā wiki 4-6 te whakahaua
• Itraconazole – te tango mō ngā wiki 4-6 i roto i ngā rā horoinga
• Fluconazole – te hoatu i ia wiki mō ngā wiki 8-12

Ka tīpako tō taakuta i te rongoā pai rawa atu i runga i te harore motuhake i tohua, tō tau, ā, ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora pea kei a koe. Ko ngā tamariki te nuinga o te whiwhi griseofulvin nā te mea he maha ngā rēhita haumaru i roto i te whakamahinga tamariki.

Ka rerekē te roa o te maimoatanga i runga i te rongoā me te nui o te mate. Me haere tonu koe ki te tango i te rongoā mō ngā wiki i muri i te ngaro o ngā tohu hei whakau i te whakangaro katoa o te harore.

Ka taea pea te whakahaua ngā horoi antifungal kei roto te ketoconazole, te selenium sulfide rānei me te rongoā waha hei whakaiti i te maha o ngā pōro harore i tō pūkau, hei ārai rānei i te horapa ki ētahi atu.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te ringawhā o te pūkau i te kāinga?

Ko te tiaki kāinga e aro ana ki te tautoko i te maimoatanga hauora, ki te ārai rānei i te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu. Ahakoa kāore e taea te whakaora i te ringawhā o te pūkau mā ngā rongoā kāinga anake, ka āwhina te tiaki tika ki te tere o te ora.

Koinei te huarahi hei tiaki i tō pūkau i te wā o te maimoatanga:

• Tangohia ngā rongoā tātaritanga katoa kia rite ki te whakahaua
• Whakamahia te horoi antifungal kia rite ki te whakahau a tō taakuta
• Pupuri i te wāhi kua pā kia ma, kia maroke
• Kaua e karaka, kaua e toia ngā paparanga
• Horoi pai ō ringa i muri i te pa ki te wāhi kua pā
• Hurihia ngā moenga me ngā tauera i ia rā

Hei ārai i te horapa o te mate, horoia ngā kakahu katoa, ngā moenga, ngā taonga whaiaro rānei i roto i te wai wera me te horoi. Me pupuri ngā taonga kaore e taea te horoi ki roto i ngā putea kirihou mō ngā wiki kia mate ngā harore.

Ka taea e koe te hoki ki te kura, ki te mahi rānei i te wā kua tīmata koe i te maimoatanga antifungal, kua whakamahi rānei i te horoi rongoā mō ngā rā torutoru. Engari, kaua e whakamahi tahi i ngā taonga whaiaro, ngā mahi hononga tata rānei kia whakau tō taakuta kua mārama te mate.

Kaua e whakamahi i ngā rongoā kāinga pēnei i te hinu rākau tii, te winika rānei hei maimoatanga matua. Ka taea e ēnei te whakaputa i te mamae atu, e kore hoki e whakakore i te mate hohonu i roto i ngā pūkahukahu makawe.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taakuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui ka āwhina ki te whakau i te whiwhi i te tohu tika, te mahere maimoatanga whai hua rānei. Kohikohia ngā korero tika i mua kia nui ake te hua o te haerenga.

I mua i tō hui:

• Hanga he rārangi o ngā tohu katoa me te wā i puta tuatahi mai ai
• Tātaihia tetahi hononga tata ki ngā tāngata, ki ngā kararehe rānei pea he mate kiri
• Mau mai he rārangi o ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri o nāianei
• Tuhia ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui
• Kaua e whakamahi i ngā hua makawe, kaua e horoi tō makawe i mua tonu i te haerenga

Kia rite ki te kōrero mō te hītori hauora o tō whānau, ina koa tetahi hītori o ngā mate huaketo, ngā raruraru pūnaha ārai mate rānei. Ka ui pea tō taakuta mō te haerenga tata, te whakauru rānei ki ngā mahi kei reira pea koe i whakaū ki ngā harore.

Mēnā e taea ana, mau mai ngā whakaahua e whakaatu ana i te ahua o te wāhi kua pā i te wā i puta tuatahi mai ai ngā tohu. Ka āwhina tēnei i tō taakuta ki te mārama ki te ahua o te āhuatanga i te wā.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui pātai mō ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga, te wā ora e tumanakohia ana, ngā mahi rānei hei ārai i te mate anō. Ko te mārama ki tō āhuatanga ka āwhina i a koe ki te whai i te mahere maimoatanga nui atu.

He aha te mea nui mō te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Ko te ringawhā o te pūkau he mate huaketo ka taea te maimoatanga e whakautu pai ana ki te rongoā antifungal i runga i te tātaritanga. Ahakoa ka āwangawanga pea, ina koa ka whakaputa i te ngaro o te makawe, ka ora katoa te nuinga o ngā tāngata mā te maimoatanga tika.

Ko te mea nui hei mahara ko te maimoatanga wawe ka ārai i ngā raruraru, ka whakaiti i te wā kei te pā atu koe ki ētahi atu. Kaua e ngana ki te maimoatanga i te ringawhā o te pūkau nā koe ake – me whakamahi te rongoā i runga i te tātaritanga e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora anake e taea te whakahaua.

Mā te maimoatanga mau tonu me ngā tikanga horoi pai, ka tumanako koe ka tipu anō ō makawe ki te noa i te wā e mārama ana te mate. Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata ka kite i te pai ake i roto i ngā wiki torutoru, ahakoa ka roa pea ngā marama kia ora katoa.

Ko te ārai tonu tō parenga pai rawa atu ki ngā mate i muri mai. Ko ngā mahi ngāwari pēnei i te kore whakamahi tahi i ngā taonga whaiaro me te pupuri i te horoi pai o te pūkau ka taea te whakaiti nui i tō tūpono ki te whiwhi anō i te ringawhā o te pūkau.

Ngā pātai noa mō te ringawhā o te pūkau

Ka taea e te ringawhā o te pūkau te whakaputa i te ngaro o te makawe tonu?

Ko te nuinga o ngā take o te ringawhā o te pūkau e kore e whakaputa i te ngaro o te makawe tonu i te wā e maimoatia ana i te wa tika, i te tika rānei. Ko te nuinga o te makawe ka tipu anō ki te noa i te wā e mārama ana te mate, ahakoa ka roa pea ngā marama kia kite i te tipu katoa. Ka taea te ngaro o te makawe tonu i ngā take nui e whakaputa ana i te mumura hohonu, ngā mate huaketo tuarua rānei, engari kāore tēnei i te noa mā te maimoatanga wawe.

E hā roa te mate o te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Ko koe te tino mate i mua i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga, ā, i ngā rā tuatahi o te rongoā antifungal. Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata ka kore mate i roto i ngā haora 24-48 i muri i te tīmatanga o te rongoā antifungal waha me te whakamahi i te horoi rongoā. Engari, me haere tonu koe ki ngā whakaritenga pēnei i te kore whakamahi tahi i ngā taonga whaiaro kia whakau tō taakuta kua mārama katoa te mate.

Ka taea e ngā pakeke te whiwhi i te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Ae, ka taea e ngā pakeke te whiwhi i te ringawhā o te pūkau, ahakoa he tino noa i ngā tamariki. Ko ngā take pakeke te nuinga o te puta i ngā tāngata he pūnaha ārai mate ngoikore, ngā tāngata e mahi ana me ngā kararehe, ngā tāngata kua whakaū ki ngā tamariki kua pā rānei. Ko ngā tohu me te maimoatanga rite tonu ahakoa te tau, ahakoa ka roa pea ngā pakeke ki te ora.

Ka tipu anō tō makawe ki te tae me te āhua rite?

I te nuinga o ngā take, ka tipu anō tō makawe ki te tae me te āhua rite i mua i te mate. I ētahi wā, ka rerekē pea te ahua o te makawe hou i te āhua, i te tae rānei, engari ka noa tēnei i te wā. Ko ngā mate nui e whakaputa ana i te tohu ka taea te whakaputa i ngā huringa tonu ki ngā tauira tipu makawe i aua wāhi motuhake.

Ka taea e au te whakamahi i ngā maimoatanga antifungal kore-tātaritanga mō te ringawhā o te pūkau?

Kāore ngā kirikiri antifungal kore-tātaritanga me ngā horoi e whai hua ana hei maimoatanga matua mō te ringawhā o te pūkau nā te mea kāore e taea te keri hohonu ki ngā pūkahukahu makawe kei reira ngā harore e noho ana. Me whakamahi te rongoā antifungal waha i runga i te tātaritanga hei whakakore katoa i te mate. Engari, ka taea pea e tō taakuta te whakahau i ngā horoi rongoā hei maimoatanga atu hei whakaiti i ngā tau o ngā pōro i tō pūkau.