

Health Library
October 10, 2025
Question on this topic? Get an instant answer from August.
Ko te sarcoma tētahi momo mate pukupuku e whanake ana i roto i ngā kiko ngawari o tō tinana, i ngā wheua rānei. Kāore i rite ki ētahi atu mate pukupuku e tīmata ana i ngā whekau penei i te u, te pūkahukahu rānei, ka tipu ngā sarcoma i ngā kiko hono e tautoko ana, e hono ana hoki i ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō tinana.
Ka taea e ēnei mate pukupuku te puta tata ki tetahi wāhi o tō tinana, mai i ō uaua me te ngako tae atu ki ō ngota toto me ō ngongo. Ahakoa he iti rawa te nui o ngā sarcoma ki ētahi atu mate pukupuku, ko te mārama ki a rātou ka āhei te awhina i a koe ki te mohio ina hiahia ana tetahi mea ki te tiaki hauora.
Ko te sarcoma tētahi rōpū o ngā momo mate pukupuku e neke atu ana i te 70 e whakaatu ana i tētahi āhuatanga matua. Ka tīmata katoa rātou i te mea e kiia ana e ngā tākuta he kiko mesenchymal, arā, te hanganga hanganga o tō tinana.
Whakaarohia tō tinana me te whare. Ahakoa ka tīmata ētahi atu mate pukupuku i roto i ngā “ruum” (whekau), ka tīmata ngā sarcoma i ngā “rauemi hanga” penei i te hanganga, te whakamahana, te wāea rānei. Kei roto i ēnei ō uaua, ō uaua, ō ngako, ō ngota toto, ō ngota lymph, ō ngongo, me ō wheua.
Ko ngā sarcoma te 1% o ngā mate pukupuku katoa mō te pakeke, me te 15% o ngā mate pukupuku tamariki. Ahakoa he onge, me whai rātou i te tiaki motuhake, nā te rerekē o te āhua mai i ētahi atu momo mate pukupuku.
Ka wehewehe ngā tākuta i ngā sarcoma ki ngā kāwai e rua e hangai ana ki te wāhi e whanake ana. Ka āhei tēnei wehenga ki te whakatau i te huarahi maimoatanga pai mō ia tangata.
Ngā sarcoma kiko ngawari ka tipu i ngā kiko tautoko ngawari o tō tinana. Kei roto i ēnei ō uaua, ō ngako, ō ngota toto, ō ngongo, ō uaua, me te papanga o ō hononga. Ko ngā momo noa ko te liposarcoma (i roto i te kiko ngako), te leiomyosarcoma (i roto i te uaua maeneene), me te synovial sarcoma (tata ki ngā hononga).
Ngā sarcoma wheua ka whanake i ngā kiko pakeke o tō anga wheua. Ko ngā momo noa ko te osteosarcoma (e pā ana ki ngā taitamariki), te Ewing sarcoma (e noa ana hoki i ngā taitamariki), me te chondrosarcoma (e puta ana i ngā pakeke, ka tipu i te cartilage).
He āhuatanga motuhake tō ia momo, ngā wāhi e pai ana i roto i te tinana, me te whakautu ki te maimoatanga. Ka tautuhi tō rōpū hauora i te momo motuhake mā te whakamātautau, e aratohu ana i tō mahere maimoatanga whaiaro.
Ka taea e ngā tohu o te sarcoma te ngāwari i te tīmatanga, koia te take kaore e tino mohio te nuinga o te iwi kei te hiahia rātou ki te tiaki hauora tonu. Ko ngā tohu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wāhi e tipu ana te mate pukupuku, me te nui o tōna tipu.
Mō ngā sarcoma kiko ngawari, ka taea e koe te kite:
Ko ngā sarcoma wheua e tino puta ai ngā tohu rerekē:
He maha o ēnei tohu ka taea te whai take iti ake, he iti rawa te kino. Heoi, ko tetahi pupū roa, e tipu haere ana rānei, ina koa ki te nui atu i te pōro korowhiti, e tika ana kia arotakehia e te tohunga hauora.
Ko te take tika o te nuinga o ngā sarcoma kaore ano kia mohiotia, ka taea te whakaaro he raruraru ina rapu koe i ngā whakautu. I te nuinga o ngā take, ka whanake ngā sarcoma nā ngā huringa ira tōtika e puta ana i te wehewehenga o ngā pūtau, te tipu hoki i roto i tō oranga.
Heoi, kua tautuhi ngā kairangahau i ētahi take ka piki ake ai te tūponotanga:
Ngā āhuatanga ira he wāhi nui tēnei i etahi wā. Ko ētahi mate ira tuku iho penei i te Li-Fraumeni syndrome, neurofibromatosis, retinoblastoma rānei ka piki ake ai te tūponotanga o te sarcoma. Kei te noho ēnei āhuatanga mai i te whānautanga, ka pā ki te tipu, te wehewehenga hoki o ngā pūtau.
Te maimoatanga radiation o mua mō tētahi atu mate pukupuku ka arahi pea ki te sarcoma i muri i ngā tau maha. Ka puta tēnei i roto i te iti o te hunga i whiwhi i te maimoatanga radiation, i te nuinga i muri i te 10-20 tau i muri i te maimoatanga.
Te whakamahinga matū ki ētahi mea kua hono atu ki te whanaketanga o te sarcoma. Kei roto i ēnei te whakamahinga o te vinyl chloride, arsenic, etahi atu rānei penei i te Agent Orange.
Te pupū roa i te ringa, te waewae rānei, e kiia ana ko te lymphedema, ka arahi pea ki te momo sarcoma e kiia ana ko te angiosarcoma. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka puta tēnei i ngā wāhine kua whiwhi maimoatanga mate pukupuku u.
I roto i ngā take onge, kua hono atu ētahi huaketo penei i te Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus 8 rānei ki ētahi momo sarcoma, ina koa ki te hunga he ngoikore o rātou pūnaha mate.
He mea nui kia mahara ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kaore e tikanga ka whanake koe i te sarcoma. Ko te nuinga o te hunga he take tūponotanga kei a rātou kaore e whanake i te mate, a he maha ngā tangata he sarcoma kei a rātou kaore he take tūponotanga e mohiotia ana.
Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta ki te kite koe i tetahi pupū hou, e tipu haere ana rānei, nui atu rānei i te pōro korowhiti. Ahakoa ko te nuinga o ngā pupū he kore kino, he pai tonu te arotakehia e te tohunga hauora.
Rapua te tiaki hauora kia tere ake ki te whai koe i:
Kaua e manukanuka ki te whakararuraru i tō tākuta me ngā āwangawanga. Kua whakangungua rātou ki te wehewehe i ngā tohu āwangawanga me ngā rerekētanga noa. Ko te arotake wawe ka homai te rangimarie o te ngākau, a, ki te hiahiatia, ka arahi ki te maimoatanga wawe.
Ko te mārama ki ngā take tūponotanga ka āhei te awhina i a koe me tō tākuta ki te tupato ki ngā āwangawanga pea. Heoi, ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kaore e tikanga ka whanake koe i te sarcoma, a he maha ngā tangata kaore he take tūponotanga e whanake ana i te mate.
Ko ngā take tūponotanga tino nui ko:
Te Tau e pā ana te tūponotanga ki ngā momo rerekē. Ka taea e ngā sarcoma kiko ngawari te puta i tetahi tau, engari he noa ake i ngā tangata neke atu i te 50. Ko ngā sarcoma wheua penei i te osteosarcoma me te Ewing sarcoma he noa ake i ngā tamariki me ngā taitamariki.
Ngā āhuatanga ira tuku iho e piki ake ai te tūponotanga. Ko te Li-Fraumeni syndrome, e puta ana nā ngā rerekētanga i roto i te ira TP53, e piki ake ai te tūponotanga o ngā mate pukupuku maha tae atu ki te sarcoma. Ko te neurofibromatosis momo 1 ka arahi ki ngā sarcoma e pā ana ki ngā ngongo.
Te maimoatanga mate pukupuku o mua ka hanga i te tūponotanga roa. Ko te hunga i whiwhi i te maimoatanga radiation he iti te piki o te tūponotanga ki te whanake i te sarcoma i te wāhi i maimoatia, i te nuinga i muri i ngā tau maha.
Ētahi āhuatanga hauora ka āhei te whakauru ki te tūponotanga. Ko te lymphedema roa, te mate wheua o Paget, te ngoikore rānei o te pūnaha mate ka piki ake ai te tūponotanga ki ētahi momo sarcoma.
Ko ngā whakamahinga taiao me ngā mahi ki ngā matū penei i te vinyl chloride, arsenic, etahi atu rānei kua hono atu ki te piki o te tūponotanga o te sarcoma, ahakoa ko tēnei anake te iti o te ōrau o ngā take.
Ko te nuinga o te hunga he sarcoma kaore he take tūponotanga e tautuhia ana, e whakamahara ana ki a tātou ko ēnei mate pukupuku e whanake ana i ngā huringa ira tōtika ka taea te puta ki tetahi.
Pēnei i ētahi atu mate pukupuku, ka taea e ngā sarcoma te whakauru i ngā raruraru mai i te mate anō, mai i te maimoatanga rānei. Ko te mārama ki ēnei wāhi pea ka āhei te awhina i a koe ki te mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora ki te aukati, ki te whakahaere rānei i a rātou.
Ko ngā raruraru mai i te pupū anō pea ko:
Ko ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te maimoatanga ka rerekē te ahua i runga i te huarahi e whakamahia ana:
Ka kōrero tō rōpū hauora ki a koe mō ēnei tūponotanga, ka mahi hoki ki te whakaiti i ngā raruraru i te wā e whakanui ana i te whai hua o te maimoatanga. He maha ngā raruraru ka taea te aukati, te whakahaere rānei me te tiaki tika, me te tirotiro.
Ko te whakatau i te sarcoma e hiahia ana ki ētahi kaupae hei whakau i te noho o te mate pukupuku, hei whakatau hoki i tōna momo motuhake. Ka tīmata tō tākuta me te arotake tino pai, ka tono hoki i ngā whakamātautau motuhake e hiahiatia ana.
Ko te tukanga whakatau e tīmata ana i te tirotiro tinana ka kitea ai e tō tākuta te pupū, te wāhi rānei e pā ana. Ka ui rātou mō ō tohu, mō tō hītori hauora, me tetahi hītori whānau o te mate pukupuku.
Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua e āhei te whakaatu i te pupū me tōna hononga ki ngā kiko e tata ana. Ka tono pea tō tākuta i te X-ray, te CT scan, te MRI, te PET scan rānei. Ko te MRI he mea whai hua mō ngā sarcoma kiko ngawari, nā te mea ka whakaatu mai i ngā whakaahua taipitopito o ngā uaua, ngako, me ētahi atu kiko ngawari.
Biopsy ko te whakamātautau tino pai mō te whakatau i te sarcoma. I roto i tēnei tukanga, ka tangohia he iti o te kiko ka tirotirohia i raro i te microscope. Ka taea tēnei mā te ngira (needle biopsy) mā tetahi wahi pokanga iti rānei (surgical biopsy).
Ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga i runga i te tauira biopsy e āhei te tautuhi i te momo sarcoma motuhake. Kei roto pea i ēnei ngā tae motuhake, te whakamātautau ira, te wetewete molecular rānei e aratohu ana i ngā whakatau maimoatanga.
Ka hiahiatia pea ētahi atu whakamātautau hei whakatau mena kua horapa te mate pukupuku. Kei roto pea i ēnei ngā X-ray uma, ngā CT scan o te uma me te kopu, ngā scan wheua rānei.
Ko te tukanga whakatau katoa ka roa pea i ngā wiki maha, ka taea te whakaaro he nui rawa. Ka whakamōhio tonu tō rōpū hauora ki a koe mō ia kaupae me te tikanga o ngā hua mō tō tiaki.
Ko te maimoatanga sarcoma he mea motuhake rawa i runga i te momo, te wāhi, te rahi, me te wā o tō mate pukupuku. Ka whakawhanake tō rōpū hauora i te mahere maimoatanga whaiaro pea kei roto tētahi atu huarahi rānei.
Te pokanga ko te maimoatanga matua mō te nuinga o ngā sarcoma. Ko te whāinga ko te tango i te pupū katoa me te taha o te kiko hauora e karapoti ana. Mō ngā sarcoma waewae, ka mahi ngā tākuta pokanga kia mau tonu te mahi i te wā e whakarite ana i te tango katoa o te mate pukupuku.
Te maimoatanga radiation e whakamahi ana i ngā raina kaha teitei hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku. Ka hoatu pea i mua i te pokanga hei whakaiti i te pupū, i muri i te pokanga hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku e toe ana, te maimoatanga matua rānei ina kore e taea te pokanga.
Te chemotherapy e whakauru ana i ngā rongoā e haere ana i roto i tō toto hei whawhai ki ngā pūtau mate pukupuku. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia mō ētahi momo sarcoma, ina koa i ngā tamariki me ngā taitamariki, te horapa rānei o te mate pukupuku.
Te maimoatanga e tautuhia ana he huarahi hou e whakaeke ana i ngā āhuatanga motuhake o ngā pūtau mate pukupuku. Kei te wātea ēnei maimoatanga mō ētahi momo sarcoma, ka iti pea ngā pānga atu i te chemotherapy noa.
Mō ngā sarcoma wheua, ko te maimoatanga e whakauru ana i te whakakotahitanga o te chemotherapy me te pokanga. Ko te chemotherapy e hoatu ana i mua, i muri rānei i te pokanga hei whakapai ake i ngā hua.
Ka kōrerohia tō mahere maimoatanga ki tō rōpū oncology, pea kei roto ngā tākuta pokanga, ngā tākuta oncology, ngā tākuta radiation oncology, me ētahi atu tohunga e mahi tahi ana hei whakarato i te tiaki whānui.
Ko te whakahaere i te sarcoma i te kāinga e whakauru ana i te tautoko i tō tinana i te maimoatanga i te wā e mau tonu ana tō kounga o te ora. Ka whakarato tō rōpū hauora i ngā aratohu motuhake, engari he rautaki whānui ka taea te awhina i te nuinga o te iwi.
Te whakahaere mamae he mea nui tēnei. Tangohia ngā rongoā mamae kua tohua e rite ana ki ngā tohutohu, kaua hoki e tatari kia kaha te mamae. Ko te whakamahana, te whakamatao rānei, te whakatete, me ngā tikanga whakahaumaru ka taea te awhina.
Te tautoko kai e āhei te awhina i tō tinana ki te ora, ki te mau tonu te kaha. Kai i ngā kai iti, maha ki te ruaki koe. Aro atu ki ngā kai nui te pūmua, hua, huawhenua. Kia makona te inu wai, whakaarohia hoki ngā taapiri kai ki te tūtohutia e tō rōpū.
Te mahi, te whakakori rānei me whakarite ki ō kaha me te wā maimoatanga. Ko te nekehanga ngawari, te whakatete, te rongoā tinana rānei ka āhei te awhina i te mau tonu o te kaha, te ngawari. Okioki ki te hiahia koe, engari ngana ki te noho mahi e taea ana.
Te tiaki whara i muri i te pokanga e hiahia ana ki te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta pokanga. Kia ma, kia maroke te wāhi, kia titiro ki ngā tohu o te mate, haere hoki ki ngā hui whakarite katoa.
Te tautoko hinengaro he mea nui tēnei. Hononga atu ki te whānau, ki ngā hoa, ki ngā rōpū tautoko rānei. Whakaarohia te tohutohu ki te whawhai koe ki te manukanuka, ki te pouri rānei. He maha ngā pokapū mate pukupuku e whakarato ana i ngā ratonga mahi hapori me ngā rōpū tautoko.
Tirohia ngā tohu āwangawanga penei i te kirika, te mamae kore whakamaarama, te toto, ngā tohu rānei o te mate. Kia mau ki te rārangi o te wā hei karanga atu ki tō tākuta, kaua hoki e whakaroa ki te whakapiri atu me ngā pātai, ngā āwangawanga rānei.
Ko te whakamahere mō ō hui tākuta ka āhei te awhina i a koe ki te whiwhi i te hua nui rawa atu i tō wā tahi, kia whakaritea hoki ngā āwangawanga katoa. Ko te whakamahere pai ka āhei te awhina i tō rōpū hauora ki te whakarato i te tiaki pai rawa atu.
Kohikohia ō korero hauora tae atu ki ngā hua whakamātautau o mua, ngā ako whakaahua, me ngā ripoata pathology. Kia mau ki te rārangi o ngā rongoā, taapiri, huaora katoa e inu ana koe, tae atu ki ngā horo, te auau hoki.
Tuhia ō pātai i mua i te hui. Tīmatahia me ō āwangawanga tino nui ki te poto te wā. Ko ngā pātai pea ko ngā huarahi maimoatanga, ngā pānga, te whakatau, te āhua rānei o te maimoatanga ki tō oranga o ia rā.
Kawea mai tētahi tangata tautoko ki te taea. Ko te whai i tētahi mema whānau, hoa rānei ka āhei te whakarato i te tautoko hinengaro, ka āhei hoki te awhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā korero nui i kōrerotia i te hui.
Tuhia ō tohu tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou, te āhua o te huringa, me te mea e pai ake ana, e kino ake ana rānei. Tuhia ngā tohu hou, ngā pānga rānei mai i ngā maimoatanga.
Whakamahere mō ngā take mahi mā te whakarite i te kawe, ina koa ki te whiwhi koe i ngā maimoatanga e pā ana ki tō kaha ki te taraiwa. Kawea mai ngā kāri inihua, ngā tohu, me ētahi atu utu e hiahiatia ana.
Whakaarohia te kawe mai i te pukapuka, te ui rānei mena ka taea e koe te tuhi i te kōrero hei awhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā kōrero nui i muri mai. Kaua e wehi ki te ui ki tō tākuta kia whakahokia mai, kia whakamārama rānei i tetahi mea kaore koe e mārama.
Ko te sarcoma he momo mate pukupuku onge, engari he kino, ka taea te whanake i ngā kiko ngawari o tō tinana, ngā wheua rānei. Ahakoa ka taea te whakaaro he nui rawa te whakatau, ko ngā whakapainga i roto i te maimoatanga kua whakapai ake te hua mō te maha o te hunga he sarcoma.
Ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga e te rōpū motuhake e tuku ana i te tupono pai rawa atu mō ngā hua angitu. Ki te kite koe i tetahi pupū roa, ngā nui e tipu haere ana rānei, te mamae wheua kore whakamaarama rānei, kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu arotake hauora.
Kia mahara ko te maimoatanga sarcoma he mea motuhake rawa. Ka mahi tahi tō rōpū hauora me koe ki te whakawhanake i te mahere e whakaaro ana kaore i te whawhai i te mate pukupuku, engari te mau tonu hoki i tō kounga o te ora me te mahi.
Ko te noho me te sarcoma e whakauru ana i te maimoatanga hauora me te tautoko hinengaro. Hononga atu ki ngā rauemi, ui pātai, kia mahara hoki kaore koe i te kotahi i roto i tēnei haerenga. He maha ngā tangata he sarcoma e haere tonu ana ki te noho ora, mahi tonu i muri i te maimoatanga.
Kāo, ehara te sarcoma i te mate mate tonu. Ko te whakatau e tino rerekē ana i runga i te momo, te wāhi, te rahi, me te wā o te mate pukupuku i te wā i whakatauhia ai. He maha ngā tangata he sarcoma e maimoatia ana me te noho ora noa.
Ko te nuinga o ngā sarcoma kaore e taea te aukati, nā te mea ka whanake rātou nā ngā huringa ira tōtika. Heoi, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i ētahi take tūponotanga mā te karo i te whakamahinga radiation koretake, te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tiaki i te wā e mahi ana me ngā matū, me te mau tonu i te oranga hauora. Ko te hunga he āhuatanga ira kei a rātou e piki ake ai te tūponotanga o te sarcoma me mahi tahi me ō rātou tākuta mō te tirotiro tika.
Ko ngā tere tipu o te sarcoma e tino rerekē ana i waenga i ngā momo rerekē me ngā take takitahi. Ko ētahi sarcoma e tipu ana i te roa o ngā marama, ngā tau rānei, ko ētahi ka taea te whanake me te horapa atu. Ko ngā sarcoma teitei te kounga e hohoro ake te tipu i ngā sarcoma iti te kounga. Koia te take me arotakehia wawe tetahi pupū hou, e hurihuri ana rānei e te tohunga hauora.
Ko ngā sarcoma e whanake ana i ngā kiko hono o te tinana penei i ngā uaua, wheua, ngako, me ngā ngota toto, ko te nuinga o ētahi atu mate pukupuku e tīmata ana i ngā whekau, ngā whekau rānei. He iti rawa te nui o ngā sarcoma, ko te 1% anake o ngā mate pukupuku pakeke. Ka hiahia hoki rātou ki ngā huarahi maimoatanga rerekē, a, i te nuinga o te wā ka whakahaerehia e ngā rōpū sarcoma motuhake.
Ae, ka taea e ngā tamariki te whanake i te sarcoma, a he noa ake i ngā pakeke mō ētahi momo. Ko ngā sarcoma te 15% o ngā mate pukupuku tamariki. Ko ngā sarcoma wheua penei i te osteosarcoma me te Ewing sarcoma he noa ake i ngā taitamariki me ngā taitamariki. Ko ngā sarcoma tamariki e tino pai ana te whakautu ki te maimoatanga, a he maha ngā tamariki e haere tonu ana ki te noho ora.
6Mpeople
Get clear medical guidance
on symptoms, medications, and lab reports.