He aha te SARS? Ngā Tōmhānga, Ngā Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te SARS te kupu poto mō te Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, he mate huaketo nui e pā ana te nuinga ki ō ringaringa me tō pūnaha manawa. I puta mai tēnei mate pāhoko i te 2003, ā, ka horapa tere ki ngā whenua maha i mua i te ārai i te hauora o te ao.

Ahakoa ka rongo te SARS he wehi, ko te mārama ki te aha ia me te pēhea te mahi ka taea te awhina i a koe kia pai ake te mohio me te whakarite. Ko te rongo pai, kāore he take o te SARS i pūrongohia puta noa te ao mai i te 2004, ā, he tino onge inaianei.

He aha te SARS?

He mate manawa te SARS i puta mai i te huaketo karawhiu e kiia nei ko te SARS-CoV. Ka whakaeke tēnei huaketo ki tō pūnaha manawa, ka tīmata ki ngā tohumānga rite ki te mate huaketo, ā, ka piki pea ki ngā raruraru manawa nui.

I whiwhi te āhuatanga i tōna ingoa nā te mea ka taea te whakaputa i ngā raruraru nui, me te tere, ki ō ringaringa. Ki te whai tetahi i te SARS, ka whakautu kaha te pūnaha mate o tōna tinana ki te whawhai ki te huaketo, engari ko tēnei whakautu ka taea te whakahirahira i te manawa.

Ka horapa te SARS ma ngā matū manawa ina ka koehe koehe rānei tetahi tangata pangia. Ka taea hoki e koe te hopu ma te pā atu ki ngā papa e whakapokehia ana e te huaketo, katahi ka pā ki tō mata, ahakoa he iti ake tēnei.

He aha ngā tōmhānga o te SARS?

Ka puta mai ngā tōmhānga o te SARS i ngā wāhanga, ka tīmata ngāwari, ā, ka piki pea ki te nui ake i te wā. Ko ngā tohu o mua ka rite ki te mate huaketo noa, ka taea te whakahirahira ki te tautuhi i te tīmatanga.

Tātou e haere tahi ana i ngā mea ka pā atu ki a koe ki te whakahekea ki te SARS, kia mahara ko ngā tōmhānga ka rerekē mai i te tangata ki te tangata:

• Te kirika nui (te nuinga ake i te 100.4°F, 38°C)
• Te mamae o te upoko me te tinana
• Te ahua koretake rānei te kore ngāwari
• Te ruaki i ētahi wā
• Te koehe maroke e puta ana i muri i te 2-7 rā
• Te poto o te manawa, te uaua ki te manawa
• Te mamae o te uma

Ko ngā raruraru manawa ka puta mai i muri mai i te mate, i te nuinga i muri i te maha o ngā rā o te kirika. Ko te nuinga o te hunga whai SARS ka whanake i te mate huango, he mumura i roto i ngā ringaringa e whakahirahira ana i te manawa.

I ētahi wā onge, ka pā atu ētahi ki ngā raruraru nui ake pēnei i te kore manawa, kei reira ngā ringaringa kaore e taea te whakarato i te hau nui ki te tinana. Koinei te take i nui ai te tiaki hauora ki te whakaarohia te SARS.

He aha ngā take o te SARS?

Ko te SARS i puta mai i tetahi karawhiu motuhake e kiia nei ko te SARS-CoV. Ko tēnei huaketo pea i puta mai i ngā kararehe i mua i te neke atu ki ngā tāngata, he tukanga e kiia ana e ngā kāingākau ko te "zoonotic transmission."

E whakapono ana ngā kāingākau i neke tuatahi te huaketo mai i ngā pekapeka ki ētahi atu kararehe, pea ko ngā kēti kēti, i mua i te whakaeke atu ki ngā tāngata. I puta mai tēnei i te tonga o Haina i te mutunga o te 2002, ā, ko te tīmatanga tēnei o te mate SARS.

Ka horapa te huaketo i waenga i ngā tāngata ma ngā huarahi maha:

• Te manawa i ngā matū ina ka koehe koehe rānei tetahi tangata whai SARS e tata ana
• Te pā atu ki ngā papa whakapoke, katahi ka pā ki tō waha, ihu, kanohi
• Te hononga tata ki ngā tangata pangia, te nuinga o ngā kaimahi hauora, whānau

Ko te mea i whakahirahira ai te SARS ko te taea e ngā tāngata te horapa i te huaketo ahakoa i mua i te mate.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō te SARS?

Mai i te kore i pūrongohia te SARS mai i te 2004, he tino iti te tūpono o te tūtaki ki a ia i tēnei rā. Heoi, ki te whanake koe i ngā tohumānga manawa nui, ina koa i muri i te haere ki ngā wāhi i puta ai ngā mate rite, he whakaaro nui tonu te rapu i te tiaki hauora.

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tetahi kaiwhakarato hauora ki te pā atu koe ki:

• Te kirika nui me te koehe nui me ngā raruraru manawa
• Ngā tōmhānga e kino haere ana i roto i ngā rā
• Te uaua ki te manawa, te mamae o te uma
• Te haere tata nei ki ngā wāhi i pūrongohia ngā mate manawa

Ki te manukanuka koe mō tetahi mate manawa, kaua e whakaroa ki te whakapiri atu ki tō taote. Ka taea e rātou te awhina ki te tautuhi i te take o ō tōmhānga me te whakarato i te tiaki tika.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te SARS?

I te wā o te mate o te 2003, i whakahirahira etahi take i etahi tangata kia hopu i te SARS, kia whanake ranei i nga tohumānga nui. Ko te mārama ki ēnei ka taea te awhina i te whakatakoto i te āhuatanga.

Ko ngā take morearea matua ko:

• Te hononga tata ki ngā turoro SARS, te nuinga o ngā whānau, kaimahi hauora
• Te noho, te haere ki ngā wāhi e horapa ana te SARS
• Te mahi i roto i ngā wāhi hauora i te wā o te mate
• Te pakeke, te nuinga atu i te 60
• Te whai i ngā āhuatanga hauora roa pēnei i te mate huka, te mate ngakau
• Te pūnaha mate ngoikore

I āhei ake ngā kaimahi hauora i ngā morearea nā te tiaki i ngā turoro SARS i mua i te mārama me te whakatinana i ngā whakamaramatanga tiaki.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te SARS?

Ahakoa ko te nuinga o te hunga i hopu i te SARS i te wā o te mate o te 2003 i ora, i pā atu ētahi ki ngā raruraru nui. Ko te mārama ki ēnei ka awhina i te whakamārama i te take i nui ai te whakaaro o te hapori hauora ki te SARS.

Ko ngā raruraru tino noa ko:

• Te mate huango e pā ana ki ngā ringaringa e rua
• Te acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), kei reira ngā ringaringa e kīia ana ki te wai
• Te kore manawa e hiahia ana ki te manawa mīhini
• Ngā raruraru ngakau, tae atu ki te ngakau koretake
• Te kino o te ate i ētahi wā

I ētahi wā onge, ka taea e te SARS te arahi ki te kore mahi o ngā tūpuna maha, kei reira ngā pūnaha tinana maha e mutu ana te mahi tika. Ko tēnei pea ka puta i ngā tāngata pakeke, i ngā tāngata whai āhuatanga hauora.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i te SARS?

I te wā o te mate o te 2003, ko te tautuhi i te SARS i whakauru i te whakakotahitanga o ngā tōmhānga hauora me ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga me ngā rangahau whakaahua. Me whakakotahi e ngā taote ngā tohu maha hei whakaputa i te tautuhi tika.

Ko te tukanga tautuhi i te nuinga ko:

• Te hītori hauora taipitopito, tae atu ki ngā haerenga tata nei me ngā whakahekea pea
• Te tirotiro tinana e aro ana ki te manawa me ngā oro o ngā ringaringa
• Ngā X-rays uma hei titiro ki te mate huango
• Ngā whakamātautau toto hei tirotiro i ngā tohu o te mate
• Ngā whakamātautau motuhake hei kite i te huaketo SARS

Me pēhea te maimoatanga o te SARS?

I te wā o te mate o te 2003, kāore he rongoā huaketo motuhake i whakamāramahia hei whakaora i te SARS. Ko te maimoatanga i aro ki te tautoko i te tinana i te whawhai o te pūnaha mate ki te mate.

Ko ngā huarahi maimoatanga matua ko:

• Te rongoā hau hei awhina i ngā raruraru manawa
• Te manawa mīhini mō ngā take nui
• Ngā rongoā hei whakaiti i te kirika me te whakahaere i ngā tōmhānga
• Ngā steroids hei whakaiti i te mumura o ngā ringaringa i ētahi wā
• Ngā rongoā mate huaketo ki te whanake ngā mate huaketo i te taha o te SARS

Me pēhea te ārai i te SARS?

I whakahaerehia te mate SARS o te 2003 ma ngā mahi hauora tūmatanui kaha, kāore i ngā werohanga ranei ngā maimoatanga motuhake. I tino whai hua ēnei rautaki ārai ki te ārai i te horapa.

Ko ngā mahi ārai matua ko:

• Te wehe i ngā turoro SARS e whakaarohia ana me te whakau
• Te ārai i te hunga i whakahekea ki te SARS
• Te whai i ngā hononga hei tautuhi i ngā take pea
• Ngā ārai haerenga me ngā tirotiro hauora i ngā taunga rererangi
• Te whakapai ake i te whakahaere mate i roto i ngā hōhipera
• Te mātauranga tūmatanui mō ngā tōmhānga me te ārai

Me pēhea te whakarite mō te hui taote mō ngā tōmhānga manawa?

Ki te manukanuka koe mō tetahi mate manawa, ko te whakarite mō tō haerenga ki te taote ka taea te awhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te tiaki pai rawa atu. Ahakoa ehara te SARS i te take o nāianei, ka whakamahia ēnei tohutohu ki tetahi tohumānga e pā ana ki te manawa.

I mua i tō hui, kohikohia ēnei korero:

• Te wā i tīmata ai ngā tōmhānga me te pēhea te huringa
• Rārangi o ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri katoa
• Te hītori haerenga tata nei, ina koa ngā haerenga o te ao
• Te hononga ki tetahi kua mate tata nei
• Tō hītori hauora, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga roa

He aha te mea nui mō te SARS?

He mate manawa nui te SARS i whakaputa i te awangawanga nui i te 2003, engari he mea nui te mahara kua whakahaerehia me te whakakorehia. Kāore he take i pūrongohia i tetahi wāhi o te ao mai i te 2004.

I whakaako mai te mate SARS i ngā akoranga whai hua mō te whakautu ki ngā mate hou. I whakaatu mai te tere o te kaha o ngā pūnaha hauora o te ao ina tūtaki ki tetahi morearea me te whai hua o ngā mahi hauora tūmatanui.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te SARS

Q1: Ka taea tonu te whiwhi SARS i tēnei rā?

Kāo, kāore e taea te whiwhi SARS i tēnei rā. Ko te take whakamutunga o te SARS i pūrongohia i te 2004, ā, i whakamārama te World Health Organization i te mate kua whakahaeretia. Kāore te huaketo e horapa atu i waenga i ngā tāngata i tetahi wāhi o te ao.

Q2: He rite te SARS ki te COVID-19?

Kāo, he rerekē ngā mate o te SARS me te COVID-19 i puta mai i ngā huaketo rerekē, ahakoa he karawhiu ngā rua. Ko te SARS i puta mai i te SARS-CoV, ko te COVID-19 i puta mai i te SARS-CoV-206. Ahakoa e hono ana, he rerekē te mahi, he rerekē ngā tōmhānga me ngā hua.

Q3: E hā roa te roa o te mate SARS?

I roa te mate SARS mai i Noema 2002 ki Hūrae 2003, i te wā i whakamārama ai te World Health Organization kua whakahaeretia. I piki te mate i te puna o te 2003, ā, i whakahaeretia i roto i te waru marama.

Q4: E hia ngā tāngata i pāngia e te SARS?

E ai ki te World Health Organization, i pangia e te SARS te 8,098 o te ao, ā, i mate 774 i te wā o te mate o te 2003. I pā te mate ki ngā whenua 26, ko te nuinga o ngā take i puta mai i Haina, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, me Kanata.

Q5: He aha te rerekētanga o te SARS i te mate huaketo noa?

I nui ake te kino o te SARS i te mate huaketo noa, me te nui ake o te mate huango me ngā raruraru manawa. I nui ake te mate (10% i te iti iho i te 1% mō te mate huaketo o te tau) ā, i nui ake te tūpono o te hōhipera. Kāore he werohanga, rongoā i te wā o te mate.