He aha te Shigella? Ngā Tōmhanga, Ngā Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te Shigella tētahi momo pūngao e pā ana ki te mate huaketo i roto i te pūnaha kai, e kiia nei ko te shigellosis. Ka puta mai tēnei mate i te ruaki, te mamae o te puku, me te kirika, i te whawhai o tō tinana ki ngā pūngao kino kei roto i tō pūnaha kai.

Ko te rongo pai, ka ora te nuinga o te iwi i ngā mate Shigella i roto i te wiki, kāo pea he maimoatanga motuhake. Ahakoa kaore e pai te ahua i te wā e pā ana koe, ko te mārama ki te mea kei te pēhea, me te mohio ki te tiaki i a koe ake, ka āwhina i a koe kia pai ake te mana whakahaere i te wā e ora ana.

He aha te Shigella?

Ko te Shigella tētahi rōpū pūngao e whai wāhi ana ki ō whekau, ā, ka puta he mate. E whā ngā momo matua o te pūngao Shigella, engari he rite tonu te mahi a rātou katoa i te wā ka tomo ki tō pūnaha kai.

Ka piri ngā pūngao Shigella ki te papanga o tō whekau nui, ka timata te tupu. Ka puta tēnei i te mumura me te riri, ā, ka puta mai ngā tohumate ka kitea e koe. Ka mohio wawe tō pūnaha mate ki ēnei pūngao hei kaiwhakaeke, ka tīmata te mahi ki te whakakore i a rātou.

Ko te mea e awangawanga ana mo te Shigella ko te ngāwari o te horapa mai i te tangata ki te tangata. Āe rawa atu te iti o te pūngao ka puta he mate, koia te take i puta ai ngā mate i ngā wāhi e tata ana te tangata.

He aha ngā tōmhanga o te Shigella?

Ka tīmata ngā tōmhanga Shigella i te 1 ki te 3 rā i muri i tō whakakī i te pūngao. Ka whakaatu te mate i a ia ano mā ngā tōmhanga maha o te pūnaha kai me ngā tōmhanga whānui e rereke ana te ngāwari mai i te ngawari ki te kaha ake.

Ko ngā tōmhanga tino noa ka kitea e koe ko:

• Te ruaki pea kei roto te toto, te waiū ranei
• Te mamae o te puku me te mamae o te kopu
• Te kirika ka tae ki te 38.3°C neke atu rānei
• Te mōrearea me te ruaki i etahi wā
• Te ahua kore pai me te ngenge
• Te hiahia kia haere ki te wharepaku

Pea ka rongo koe he mataku te ruaki toto, engari ko te huarahi tēnei o tō tinana ki te horoi i ngā pūngao me ngā pokanoa e whakaputa ana rātou. Ka āwhina tēnei tōmhanga i ngā tākuta ki te wehe i te Shigella i ētahi atu momo mate puku.

I etahi wā, ina koa ki ngā tamariki, ka kitea ano e koe ētahi atu tōmhanga penei i te upoko mamae, te ngaro o te hiahia kai, te tohu o te maroke wai iti penei i te matewai nui ake, te iti o te mimi ranei.

He aha ngā momo Shigella?

E whā ngā momo matua o te pūngao Shigella, he rerekē te āhua o ia. Ka āwhina te mārama ki ēnei momo ki te whakamārama he aha ngā mate e rerekē ana i ētahi atu.

Ko te Shigella sonnei te momo tino noa i ngā whenua whānui penei i te United States. Ka puta mai ngā tōmhanga ngawari, ā, ko ia te take o ngā mate i ngā pokapū tiaki tamariki me ngā kura. Ka ora tēnei momo i a ia ano, kāore he raruraru.

Ko te Shigella flexneri te tino noa i ngā whenua e whanake ana, ā, ka puta mai ngā tōmhanga kaha ake. Ka horapa i te wai poke, te kai ranei, ā, pea ka roa ake te whakakore i ētahi atu momo.

Ko te Shigella dysenteriae te ahua tino kino, ā, ka puta he pokanoa e kaha ake ai te mate. He iti tēnei momo i ngā whenua whānui, engari ka puta mai ngā raruraru nui mena kaore i te whakahaere tika.

Ko te Shigella boydii te momo iti rawa, ā, ka puta mai ngā tōmhanga rite ki ētahi atu momo. Ka kitea atu i ētahi wāhi o Āhia me Āwherika.

He aha ngā take o te Shigella?

Ka puta te mate Shigella ina tomo ēnei pūngao ki tō waha, ka haere ki ō whekau. He tino mate pūngao, koia te tikanga ahakoa he iti te nui ka mate koe.

Ko ngā huarahi tino noa e mate ai te iwi ko:

• Te hononga tika ki te tangata kei te mate
• Te pa ki ngā papa poke, ka pa ki tō waha
• Te kai i te kai i hangaia e te tangata i kore e horoi ōna ringa
• Te inu i te wai poke, te inu ranei
• Te kauhoe i ngā pūnga wai poke, ngā roto, ngā puna wai ranei
• Te hononga taikaha ki te tangata kei te mate

Ko te mea e tino uaua ai te Shigella ko te horapa o ngā pūngao e te iwi, ahakoa i mua i te mate, ā, mo ngā wiki i muri i te mutu o ngā tōmhanga. Koia te take i tino nui ai ngā mahi horoi pai ki te aukati i te horapa.

Ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā mate Shigella i ngā wāhi kaore he pūnaha paru pai, he puna wai ma rānei. Ka hangaia e ngā wāhi kaore he pūnaha paru pai, he puna wai ma rānei ngā taiao e ngāwari ai te horapa o ngā pūngao mai i te tangata ki te tangata.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te Shigella?

Ka ora te nuinga o ngā mate Shigella i a rātou ano, engari he wā motuhake e tino nui ai te tiaki hauora. Ko te mohio ki te wā e rapu awhina ai ka ārai i ngā raruraru, ka tere ake te ora.

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mena ka kitea e koe ngā tōmhanga kino penei i te kirika nui atu i te 38.5°C, te toto i roto i tō paru, ngā tohu o te maroke wai penei i te wiri, te iti o te mimi ranei, te mamae nui o te kopu e kore e pai ake me te okioki.

Rapua te tiaki hauora tonu mena ka puta mai ngā tohu o te maroke wai kino, tae atu ki te matewai nui, te waha maroke, te iti o te mimi, te wiri i te tū, te whakapohehe ranei. Ka whakaatu ēnei tohu kei te ngaro te wai o tō tinana, ā, me te tiaki ngaio.

Me haere ngā rōpū tangata ki te tākuta kia tere ake te wā e whakaaro ana rātou he mate Shigella. Ko ngā tamariki kei raro i te 5 tau, ngā pakeke neke atu i te 65 tau, ngā wāhine hāpai, me ngā tangata he pūnaha mate ngoikore he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru, ā, ka pai ake te whakauru hauora i mua.

Mena ka mau tonu ō tōmhanga neke atu i te wiki, kei te kino haere rānei, he mea pai kia arotakehia e te kaiwhakarato hauora tō āhua kia kore ai e puta mai ngā raruraru, ngā take ranei.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te Shigella?

He maha ngā take ka nui ake ai tō tūponotanga ki te whiwhi mate Shigella. Ka āwhina te mārama ki ēnei take tūponotanga kia taea ai e koe te tango i ngā whakarite tika i ngā āhuatanga rerekē.

Ko ngā take tūponotanga tino nui ko:

• Te noho tata ki ngā tangata kei te mate
• Te mahi, te noho rānei i ngā wāhi e whāiti ana te tangata penei i ngā pokapū tiaki tamariki, ngā kura, ngā kāinga rongoa rānei

• Te haere ki ngā wāhi kaore he horoi paru pai
• He pūnaha mate ngoikore
• He tamariki, ina koa kei raro i te 5 tau
• Ngā tāne e moe ana ki ngā tāne he nui ake te tūponotanga na te ara horapa

He tino nui te tūponotanga o ngā tamariki i ngā wāhi tiaki tamariki, no te mea kei te ako tonu rātou i ngā tikanga horoi ringa pai, ā, ka maha tonu te whakamahi i ngā taonga takaro me ngā papa. Ka horapa ngāwari te pūngao i ēnei taiao mā ngā mahi tamariki noa.

Me tupato rawa ngā manuhiri o te ao e haere ana ki ngā whenua e whanake ana, kāore he whakahaere wai pai, he pūnaha paru rānei. Ahakoa ngā wharekai, ngā hōtere rānei e tino ma te ahua i ēnei wāhi, pea he wai poke, he raruraru whakarite kai rānei.

Ngā tangata he āhuatanga e whakaiti ana i te pūnaha mate, penei i te HIV, te mate huka, te tango ranei i ētahi rongoā, pea ka puta mai ngā tōmhanga kaha ake, ka roa ake te ora i ngā mate Shigella.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te Shigella?

Ahakoa ka ora te nuinga o te iwi i te Shigella kāore he raruraru roa, ka puta mai ētahi raruraru, ina koa ki ngā tāngata ngoikore. Ko te matauranga ki ēnei wāhi ka āwhina i a koe ki te mohio ki ngā tohu whakatūpato hei titiro atu.

Ko ngā raruraru tino noa ko:

• Te maroke wai kino mai i te ngaro o te wai
• Ngā hopu i ngā tamariki no te kirika teitei
• Te mate toto mena ka horapa ngā pūngao ki tua atu o ngā whekau
• Te mate hono whakautu ka puta mai i ngā wiki i muri i te mate
• Te mate whatukuhu hemolytic uremic, he āhuatanga whatukuhu onge engari he kino

Ko te maroke wai te raruraru tino noa, ina koa ki ngā tamariki me ngā kaumātua. He iti ake te wai o rātou tinana, koia te take i ngāwari ai te pānga o te ruaki me te ruaki.

Ka puta te mate hono whakautu i te 2 ki te 5 wiki i muri i te mate tuatahi, ka puta te mamae o te hono me te pupuhi ka roa pea mo ngā marama. Ka puta tēnei ina tonu te whakautu o tō pūnaha mate ahakoa kua ngaro ngā pūngao.

I etahi wā onge, ina koa ki ngā mate Shigella dysenteriae, ka puta te mate whatukuhu hemolytic uremic. He āhuatanga kino tēnei e pā ana ki ngā whatukuhu me ngā pūtau toto, me te tiaki hauora tonu, me te noho pea i te hōhipera.

Ka puta ngā mate toto ina puta ngā pūngao Shigella i ngā whekau, ka tomo ki te toto. He tino tūponotanga tēnei raruraru ki ngā tangata he pūnaha mate ngoikore, ā, me te rongoā antibiotic.

Me pēhea te aukati i te Shigella?

Ko te aukati i te mate Shigella e arotahi ana ki te whakakore i te porowhita horapa mā ngā mahi horoi pai me ngā tikanga kai me te wai haumaru. Ka whakaitihia e ēnei mahi ngāwari tō tūponotanga ki te mate.

Ko ngā rautaki aukati tino whai hua ko:

• Te horoi pai o ō ringa ki te hautaka mo te 20 hēkona neke atu rānei
• Te karo i te kai me te wai pea ka poke
• Te kore e whakarite kai mō ētahi atu i te wā e mate ana koe
• Te karo i te kauhoe i te wai pea ka poke
• Te tupato atu ki te horoi i te wā e haereere ana
• Te maka atu tika o ngā nāpī me te horoi i ngā papa

Ko te horoi ringa tō kaitiaki kaha rawa atu ki te Shigella. Horoi ō ringa i muri i te whakamahinga o te wharepaku, te whakarereke i ngā nāpī, i mua i te kai, i muri i te pa ki ngā papa pea ka poke. He pai ake te mahi a te hautaka me te wai i te horoi ringa ki ngā pūngao Shigella.

I te wā e haereere ana, mau ki te wai i roto i ngā ipu, te wai ranei kua whakahaeretia tika mō te inu me te horoi niho. Kaua e inu i ngā kīhini, ngā huawhenua mata, ngā hua rānei e kore e taea e koe te weriweri. Kōwhiria ngā kai wera, kua tunua hou mai i ngā wāhi rongonui.

Mena kei te mate tetahi i roto i tō whare, ka tino nui ngā whakarite atu. Horoi ngā papa e pa ana te tangata ki a rātou, penei i ngā ringaringa tatau me ngā taputapu wharepaku. Pupuri i ngā tauera me ngā taputapu kai o te tangata kei te mate kia wehe rawa atu kia ora rātou.

Me aro nui ngā mātua me ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te horoi i ngā nāpī. Maka atu ngā nāpī tika, horoi ngā papa whakarereke ki te mea horoi, horoi pai ō ringa i muri mai.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te Shigella?

Ko te whakatau i te Shigella e hiahia ana ki te whakamātautau taiwhanga, no te mea he rite ngā tōmhanga ki ētahi atu mate pūnaha kai. Ka tīmata tonu tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki ō tōmhanga me tō hītori hauora i mua i te tono i ngā whakamātautau motuhake.

Ko te tikanga whakatau tino nui ko te whakamātautau i te tauira paru mō te pūngao Shigella. Ka taea e tēnei whakamātautau te tohu i te momo Shigella e pā ana ki tō mate, ka āwhina i ngā whakatau maimoatanga mena ka hiahiatia.

Ka ui tō tākuta ki ō mahi hou, tō hītori haereere, me ngā puna whakakī pea. Ka āwhina tēnei mōhiohio kia taea ai e rātou te whakatau he tino Shigella rānei, me te whakamātautau atu pea hei whakakore i ētahi atu āhuatanga.

I etahi wā, ina koa mena ka whakaarohia ngā raruraru, pea ka tono tō kaiwhakarato hauora i ētahi atu whakamātautau penei i te mahi toto hei tirotiro i ngā tohu o te maroke wai, te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu wāhi o tō tinana, ngā raruraru ranei.

Ko te whakamātautau paru ka roa pea te 1 ki te 2 rā kia whiwhi hua, ahakoa he whakamātautau tere i etahi wā. I te wā e tatari ana, pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta i ngā mahi tiaki tautoko hei awhina i a koe kia pai ake te ahua.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te Shigella?

Ka ora te nuinga o ngā mate Shigella i a rātou ano kāore he maimoatanga hauora motuhake. Ko te tino arotahi ko te pupuri i a koe kia pai te ahua, te aukati i te maroke wai i te wā e whakakore ana tō pūnaha mate i ngā pūngao.

Ko te tiaki tautoko te turanga o te maimoatanga, tae atu ki te pupuri i te wai mā te inu i te wai nui, te okioki pai, te kai i ngā kai ngawari, ngāwari ki te kai i te wā e rite ana koe.

Kāore ngā rongoā antibiotic e whakamahia noa mō ngā mate Shigella, no te mea kāore e whakapotohia te mate, ā, pea ka roa te horapa o ngā pūngao. Engari, pea ka tukuna e tō tākuta ngā rongoā antibiotic i ngā āhuatanga motuhake, penei i te mate kino, te pūnaha mate ngoikore, te nui o te tūponotanga ki te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu.

Kāore ngā rongoā anti-diarrheal penei i te loperamide e tūtohutia noa mō ngā mate Shigella. Ka whakaitihia e ēnei rongoā te mahi a tō tinana ki te whakakore i ngā pūngao, ā, pea ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru.

Mena ka puta te maroke wai kino, pea ka tūtohu tō kaiwhakarato hauora i ngā otinga whakahoki wai waha, i ngā wai intravenous rānei, i ngā take kino, hei whakahoki i te toenga wai me te electrolyte o tō tinana.

Ka āwhina ngā rongoā whakaiti mamae penei i te acetaminophen ki te whakahaere i te kirika me te mamae o te kopu. Kaua e inu i te aspirin, ina koa ki ngā tamariki, na te tūponotanga o te āhuatanga onge engari he kino e kiia nei ko te mate Reye.

Me pēhea te tango i te maimoatanga kāinga i te wā o te Shigella?

Ko te tiaki i a koe ake i te kāinga i te wā o te mate Shigella e arotahi ana ki te pupuri i te wai, te okioki pai, te hoki haere ki te kai noa i te wā e pai ake ana koe.

Ko te wai te mea nui rawa atu, no te mea ka tere te ngaro o te wai i te ruaki me te kirika. Inu i ngā inu iti, maha i te rā, ahakoa kāore koe e matewai.

Ka āwhina te okioki i tō pūnaha mate ki te whakapau kaha ki te whawhai ki te mate. Kaua e whakama ki te tango i te wā i te mahi, i te kura rānei. Me whakahoki mai e tō tinana tēnei kaha, ā, ko te noho i te kāinga ka ārai i te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu.

Mō te kai, tīmata ki ngā kai ngawari, ngāwari ki te kai i te wā e hoki mai ana tō hiahia kai. Ko te kai BRAT kei roto ngā panana, te raihi, te aporo, me te taro ka ngawari ki tō pūnaha kai. Tāpirihia ngāwari ngā kai ngawari penei i ngā keke, te hupa moa, te pāstā maeneene rānei.

Karohia ngā hua waiū, ngā kai pikipiki, ngā kai momona nui, me tetahi mea kei roto ngā mea reka hanga i te wā e ora ana koe. Ka riri ēnei i tō pūnaha kai kua ngoikore, ā, pea ka kaha ake te ruaki.

Aro atu ki ngā tohu pea ka hiahia koe ki te tiaki hauora, penei i ngā tōmhanga kino haere, ngā tohu o te maroke wai kino, te kirika rānei e kore e whakautu ki ngā rongoā kore-tūtohu. Whakawhirinaki ki ō ngākau mō te pēhea o tō ahua.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō haerenga ki te tākuta ka āwhina i a koe ki te whiwhi i te tiaki me te mōhiohio tino pai i te wā e noho tahi ana kōrua. Ko te whakarite i ngā kōrero motuhake ka āwhina i tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te whakatau tika mō tō maimoatanga.

I mua i tō hui, tuhia te wā i tīmata ai ō tōmhanga, te pēhea o rātou, me ētahi atu huringa kua kitea e koe. Tāpirihia ngā kōrero mō ngā āhua kirika, te maha o te ruaki, me te kite rānei i te toto, te waiū rānei i roto i tō paru.

Kohikohia ngā mōhiohio mō ngā puna whakakī pea penei i ngā haerenga hou, te kai i ngā wharekai motuhake, te hononga ki ngā tangata kei te mate, ngā mahi penei i te kauhoe rānei. Ka āwhina tēnei mahi kimi ki tō tākuta ki te mārama ki te pēhea o tō mate.

Hangahia tētahi rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa kei te tangohia e koe, tae atu ki ngā rongoā kore-tūtohu me ngā taapiri. Ka pā ētahi rongoā ki ō tōmhanga, ki ngā maimoatanga pea ka whakaarohia e tō tākuta.

Whakaritea ngā pūrongo e hiahia ana koe ki te ui, penei i te roa o te wā e tūpono ana ngā tōmhanga, te wā e taea ai e koe te hoki ki te mahi, ki te kura rānei, me ngā tohu whakatūpato e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu.

Mena ka taea, kia rite ki te tuku i te tauira paru mena ka tono tō tākuta. Pea ka hoatu e rātou tētahi ipu me ngā tohutohu, te aratohu rānei ki tētahi taiwhanga mō te kohikohi tauira.

He aha te mea nui mō te Shigella?

Ko ngā mate Shigella he mate noa, he tino mate pūngao, engari he mate e ora ana i a ia ano i roto i te wiki me te tiaki tika i a koe ake. Ahakoa kaore e pai te ahua o ngā tōmhanga, ka ora te nuinga o te iwi kāore he pānga roa.

Ko ngā mea tino nui hei mahara ko te pupuri i te wai, te okioki pai, te mahi i te horoi pai hei aukati i te horapa o te mate ki ētahi atu. Ko te horoi ringa tō kaitiaki pai rawa atu mō te aukati me te tiaki i ngā mema whānau i te wā e ora ana.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te whakapiri atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mena kei te manukanuka koe mō ō tōmhanga, ina koa mena ka kitea e koe ngā tohu o te maroke wai kino, te kirika teitei rawa atu, ngā tōmhanga rānei e kino haere ana, kāore e pai ake.

Mahara kaore te mate Shigella kotahi e homai he ārai roa, na kia mau tonu ki ngā tikanga horoi pai ahakoa kua ora koe. Me te tiaki tika me te aro, ka tumanako koe kia hoki ki te noa i roto i te wiki, rua rānei.

Ngā pūrongo e ui pinepinetia ana mō te Shigella

E hā roa te wā e mate pūngao ana ahau ki te Shigella?

Ka taea e koe te horapa i ngā pūngao Shigella mai i te wā e tīmata ana ngā tōmhanga tae noa ki te 1 ki te 2 wiki i muri i te mutu o te ruaki, ahakoa kua pai rawa koe. Pea ka horapa ngā pūngao e ētahi atu mo te 4 wiki i muri i te ora. Koia te take i tino nui ai te pupuri i te horoi ringa pai ahakoa kua mutu ngā tōmhanga, ā, ko te take i hiahia ai ngā wāhi mahi me ngā kura ki ngā whakamātautau paru kino i mua i te whakaae kia hoki mai ngā tāngata ki te mahi kai, ki ngā mahi tiaki tamariki rānei.

Ka taea e ahau te whiwhi mate Shigella neke atu i te kotahi wā?

Ae, ka taea e koe te whiwhi mate Shigella maha i roto i tō oranga. Ko te whiwhi i tētahi momo Shigella kāore e tiaki i a koe i te mate ki ētahi atu momo, ā, e kore rawa te ārai ki te momo kotahi e roa.

He haumaru te tango i ngā probiotics i te wā o te mate Shigella?

Ahakoa he haumaru ngā probiotics mō te iwi hauora, he pai ki te tirotiro ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora i mua i te tango i a rātou i te wā o te mate Shigella. Ka whakaatu ētahi rangahau pea ka āwhina ētahi probiotics ki te whakahoki i ngā pūngao whekau hauora i muri i te maimoatanga antibiotic, engari kāore i te tino whakamārama te rangahau mō te Shigella. Arotahi tuatahi ki te pupuri i te wai me te okioki pai, ka kōrero atu ki tō tākuta mō te whakamahinga probiotics mena kei te hiahia koe.

Nōhea ka taea e ahau te hoki ki te mahi, ki te kura rānei i muri i te Shigella?

Ka taea e te nuinga o te iwi te hoki ki te mahi, ki te kura rānei i te 24 haora i muri i te mutu o te kirika, te pai ake o te ruaki. Engari, pea ka roa ake te wā e tatari ai ngā tāngata e mahi ana i te ratonga kai, te hauora, te tiaki tamariki rānei, ā, pea ka hiahia rātou ki ngā whakamātautau paru kino i mua i te hoki mai. Tirohia ki tō kaituku mahi, ki tō kura rānei mō ō rātou kaupapa motuhake, no te mea ka rerekē ngā whakaritenga i runga i ngā aratohu o te tari hauora o te rohe.

Me karo e ahau ngā hua waiū katoa i te wā e ora ana?

He mea nui te karo i ngā hua waiū i te wā o te mate Shigella, no te mea ka puta he mate lactose ki te nuinga o te iwi i te wā e mumura ana ō rātou whekau. Ko te tikanga pea ka kaha ake te ruaki me te mamae o te kopu. Ka taea e koe te whakahoki haere i ngā hua waiū i te wā e pai ake ana koe, tīmata ki ngā nui iti o ngā whiringa ngawari ki te kai penei i te yogurt. Mena ka mau tonu te raruraru o te waiū, hoatu ki tō pūnaha kai te wā ki te ora i mua i te tamata ano.