He aha te mate pūngāwerewere? Ngā tohu, ngā take, me te rongoā

Ka puta te mate pūngāwerewere ina tipu haere ngā pūtau i roto i tō kiri i te āhua kē, ā, kāore e taea te whakahaere. Ko te momo mate pukupuku tino noa tēnei, engari koinei te mea pai: he tino māmā te rongoā i te nuinga o ngā mate pūngāwerewere ina kitea wawe. Whakaarohia tō kiri he pūnaha whakatikatika kei roto, ā, i etahi wā ka hiahia ki te awhina iti kia ora anō.

He aha te mate pūngāwerewere?

Ka puta te mate pūngāwerewere ina pā te kino o te DNA ki ngā pūtau kiri, ā, ka tere te horapa me te hanga i ngā mate pūngāwerewere. Ka maka atu e tō kiri ngā pūtau tawhito, ka hanga i ētahi hou, engari i etahi wā ka he tēnei mahi.

E toru ngā momo matua, ā, he rerekē te āhua o ia momo. Ka tipu haere te basal cell carcinoma, ā, kāore e horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana. Ka taea e te squamous cell carcinoma te tere o te tipu, engari he tino māmā tonu te whakaora ina rongoā wawe.

Ko te melanoma te momo tino kino, no te mea ka taea te horapa ki ētahi atu tūpuna ina kore e rongoā wawe. Engari, ina kitea wawe te melanoma, he tino pai te rerenga ora, tata ki te 99%.

He aha ngā momo mate pūngāwerewere?

He rerekē ngā āhuatanga me ngā mahi o ngā momo mate pūngāwerewere e toru. Ka āwhina te mōhiotanga ki ēnei rerekētanga kia mōhio koe ki te mea me titiro atu.

Basal Cell Carcinoma ko te momo tino noa tēnei, ā, koinei te 80% o ngā mate pūngāwerewere katoa. Ka puta mai tēnei i te nuinga o te wā hei pūngāwerewere iti, kanapa, mā, rānei, he papatahi, he pūngāwerewere, ā, ka ngāwari te toto. Ka tipu haere tēnei momo, ā, kāore e horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma koinei te 20% o ngā mate pūngāwerewere. Ka puta mai tēnei i te nuinga o te wā hei pūngāwerewere kōtiti, he mate kāore e ora, he tipu kua oti te whakatū me te pouaka i waenganui. Ahakoa ka taea te horapa ina kore e rongoā, he tino māmā tonu te whakaora ina kitea wawe.

Melanoma ko te momo iti rawa, engari ko te momo tino kino. Ka taea te whanake mai i te kiri kua oti te whakatū, he tohu hou pango rānei i runga i tō kiri. Ko te mea pai, ka taea te whakaora katoa te melanoma ina kitea wawe, ā, kei te awhina ngā rongoā hou i ngā take kua whanake.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pūngāwerewere?

Ka rerekē ngā tohu o te mate pūngāwerewere i runga i te momo, engari he tohu whakatūpato matua hei titiro atu. Ko te mea nui rawa kia mahara ko tetahi huringa i tō kiri e tika ana kia arohia.

Mō ngā basal me ngā squamous cell carcinomas, ka kite pea koe:

• He pūngāwerewere iti, kanapa, mā, he pūngāwerewere rānei
• He papatahi, he pūngāwerewere, he āhua rite ki te tohu, he mā, he pūngāwerewere iti rānei
• He mate e toto ana, e hipoki ana, e ora ana, ka tuwhera anō
• He pūngāwerewere kōtiti, whero, parauri rānei
• He tipu kua oti te whakatū me te mata kōtiti me te pouaka i waenganui

Mō te melanoma, ka whakamahi ngā tākuta i te ture ABCDE hei awhina i te whakatau i ngā kiri kua oti te whakatū:

• Asymmetry: Kāore tetahi taha e rite ana ki tetahi atu taha
• Border: He koretake ngā taha, he mōrearea, he kōtiti rānei
• Color: He maha ngā tae, he koretake te tohatoha tae rānei
• Diameter: Nui atu i tetahi pene (6mm)
• Evolving: Tetahi kiri kua oti te whakatū e huri haere ana i te rahi, te āhua, te tae rānei

I etahi wā ka puta te melanoma hei tohu pango hou i raro i te maihao, te toenga rānei, ina koa ki ngā tāngata he kiri pouri. Me tirohia e te kaiwhakarongo hauora tetahi mate, te pūngāwerewere rānei e kore e ora i roto i ngā wiki torutoru.

He aha ngā take o te mate pūngāwerewere?

Ka puta te mate pūngāwerewere ina pā te UV radiation ki te DNA i roto i ngā pūtau kiri. Ka taea te pā mai i tēnei kino i ngā puna maha, engari ko te rā te take matua.

Ko ngā take matua e whai ake nei:

• Te roa o te whakamahinga o te rā, ina koa i ngā hāora tiketike (10 AM ki te 4 PM)
• Ngā tahuna o te rā, ina koa ngā tahuna pupuhi i te tamarikitanga
• Ngā moenga whakatanu me ngā rama rā
• He kiri mā e tahuna ngāwari ana
• Te noho i ngā wahi teitei, i ngā āhuarangi rā nui rānei
• Te whakamahinga ki ētahi matū pērā i te arsenic
• Ngā rongoā radiation therapy
• Te mumura kiri roa, ngā mate rānei

Ka taea e etahi take onge te whakauru i ngā āhuatanga ira tuku iho pērā i te xeroderma pigmentosum, e tino pāngia ana e te mārama UV. Ka taea hoki e ētahi rongoā e whakaiti ana i tō pūnaha mate te whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga.

He mea tika kia mōhio ka taea te whanake o te mate pūngāwerewere ahakoa i ngā wāhanga kāore e kitea te rā. Ka puta mai tēnei nā te mea ka taea e te UV radiation te whakauru i ngā kakahu me te karaihe, ā, ka kohia etahi kino i roto i ngā tau maha i mua i te kitea.

Nōhea koe me haere ki te tākuta mō te mate pūngāwerewere?

Me haere koe ki te tākuta i tetahi wā ka kite koe i tetahi tohu hou, he tohu rānei e huri haere ana i runga i tō kiri. Ka tino whai hua te kite wawe, ā, ka iti ake te whakamahinga.

Whakahaere he hui ina kite koe i tetahi tohu e tipu haere ana, e toto ana, e ngau ana, he tae rānei e huri haere ana. Ahakoa ki te whakaaro koe ehara i te mea nui, he pai tonu te rangimarie o te ngākau.

Haere tonu ki te tākuta ki te pēhi koe i tetahi kiri kua oti te whakatū, he tohu rānei e mamae ana, e whanake ana he taha koretake, e pupuhi ana rānei, e toto ana rānei. Me whakarongo hoki tetahi mate kāore e ora i roto i ngā wiki toru.

Ki te maha ngā kiri kua oti te whakatū, he hītori whānau o te mate pūngāwerewere, he mate pūngāwerewere rānei i mua, whakaarohia ngā tirotiro kiri ia tau me te dermatologist. Ka taea e ēnei haerenga noa te hopu i ngā raruraru i mua i te kino.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te mate pūngāwerewere?

He maha ngā take ka taea te whakapiki ake i ō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te mate pūngāwerewere, engari ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kāore e tikanga ka whiwhi koe i te mate pukupuku. Ka āwhina te mōhiotanga ki ēnei take kia pai ake te tiaki i tō kiri.

Ko ngā take tūponotanga tino noa e whai ake nei:

• He kiri mā, he makawe mā, he kanohi mā rānei
• He hītori o ngā tahuna o te rā, te whakamahinga nui o te rā rānei
• He maha ngā kiri kua oti te whakatū, he kiri kē rānei kua oti te whakatū
• He hītori whānau o te mate pūngāwerewere
• He hītori whaiaro o te mate pūngāwerewere
• He pūnaha mate ngoikore
• He pakeke neke atu i te 50
• He tane (ka whanake ngā tāne i te mate pūngāwerewere i te iti ake o te wā)

Ko etahi take tūponotanga onge e whai ake nei: te whakamahinga ki te radiation, ētahi matū, te whakawhitinga o ngā tūpuna rānei. He nui ake ngā tūponotanga o ngā tāngata he āhuatanga ira tuku iho pērā i te albinism, te xeroderma pigmentosum rānei.

Ka āwhina te kiri pouri ki te tiaki i a koe i te UV radiation, engari ka taea tonu te puta mai te mate pūngāwerewere. I ngā tāngata he kiri pouri, ka puta mai te melanoma i ngā wāhanga he iti te tae, pērā i ngā ringa, ngā waewae, i raro rānei i ngā maihao.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate pūngāwerewere?

Ka iti ngā raruraru o te nuinga o ngā mate pūngāwerewere ina rongoā wawe, engari he mea whai hua te mōhiotanga ki te mea ka taea te puta ina kore e rongoā te mate pukupuku. Kāore tēnei mōhiotanga hei whakawehi i a koe, engari hei whakanui i te take me rongoā wawe.

Mō te basal cell carcinoma, ko te raruraru matua ko te kino o te kiko rohe. Ki te kore e rongoā mō ngā tau maha, ka taea te tipu hohonu ki te kiri, te uaua, te wheua rānei, ka puta he kino i te rohe e pā ana.

Ka taea e te squamous cell carcinoma te horapa ki ngā ngota lymph tata, ā, i etahi wā, ki ētahi atu tūpuna. Ka puta mai tēnei i te nuinga o te wā ina warewarehia te mate pukupuku mō te wā roa, he mate rānei i ngā wāhanga tūponotanga teitei pērā i ngā ngutu, ngā taringa, ngā ira tangata rānei.

Ka taea e ngā raruraru melanoma te nui ake o te kino, nā te mea ka taea e tēnei mate pukupuku te horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana, tae atu ki ngā tūpuna nui pērā i te ate, ngā pūkahukahu, te roro rānei. Engari, ka roa tēnei mahi, koia te take i tino whai hua ai te kite wawe.

I etahi wā onge, ka taea e te kino o te rā te arahi ki te maha o ngā mate pūngāwerewere e whanake ana i te wā. Ka pāngia hoki etahi tāngata e te tohu, he huringa rānei o te tae kiri i muri i te rongoā, ahakoa ka whakaitihia e ngā tikanga hou ēnei pānga.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate pūngāwerewere?

Ko te rongoā pai ko te mate pūngāwerewere ka taea te aukati i te nuinga o te wā mā ngā tikanga noa o ia rā. Ko te nuinga o ngā rautaki aukati e aro ana ki te tiaki i tō kiri i te UV radiation.

Me whai koe i tēnei mahi tiaki rā i ia rā:

• Te whakamahinga i te sunscreen whānui-spectrum me te SPF 30 neke atu rānei i ia rā
• Te whakamahinga anō i te sunscreen i ia rua hāora, i muri i te kaukau, te wera rānei
• Te rapu i te atarangi i ngā hāora tiketike o te rā (10 AM ki te 4 PM)
• Te kakahu i ngā kakahu tiaki, ngā potae whānui-taha, ngā karāhe tiaki UV rānei
• Te kore e whakamahi i ngā moenga whakatanu

Ka āwhina ngā whakamātautau whaiaro ia marama kia mōhio koe ki tō kiri, kia kite wawe rānei i ngā huringa. Whakamahia he whakaata hei tirotiro i ngā wāhanga kāore e taea te kite ngāwari, tēnā rānei rānei tetahi mema o te whānau hei awhina.

He mea nui ngā tirotiro kiri ngaio, ina koa ki te whai koe i ngā take tūponotanga. Ka taea e tō tākuta te kite i ngā huringa iti kāore pea e kitea e koe, ā, ka hoatu he tohutohu aukati whaiaro.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te mate pūngāwerewere?

Ka tīmata te whakatau i te mate pūngāwerewere mā te tirotiro a tō tākuta, te dermatologist rānei. Ka titiro rātou ki te rohe e whakapae ana, ā, ka whakamahi pea i te taputapu whakanui motuhake e kiia nei he dermatoscope.

Ki te āhua kino te tohu, ka mahi tō tākuta i te biopsy. Ka whakauruhia tēnei ki te tango i tetahi wāhanga iti o te kiko e whakapae ana, ka tirohia i raro i te microscope e te tohunga e kiia nei he pathologist.

He maha ngā momo biopsies, i runga i te rahi me te wāhi o te tohu. Ka tangohia e te shave biopsy ngā paparanga o runga, ka tangohia e te punch biopsy he tauira hohonu, porowhita rānei. Ka tangohia e te excisional biopsy te rohe katoa e whakapae ana.

Ka puta mai ngā hua biopsy i roto i te wiki, rua rānei. Ki te kitea te mate pukupuku, ka hiahiatia pea ngā whakamātautau atu hei whakatau mena kua horapa, ina koa mō ngā take melanoma.

He aha te rongoā mō te mate pūngāwerewere?

Ka whakawhirinaki te rongoā mō te mate pūngāwerewere ki te momo, te rahi, te wāhi, me te wā o te mate pukupuku. Ko te rongoā pai ko te nuinga o ngā mate pūngāwerewere ka taea te whakaora katoa mā ngā mahi ngāwari.

Mō ngā basal me ngā squamous cell carcinomas, ko ngā rongoā noa e whai ake nei:

• Te whakakorenga pokanga: Te whakakore i te mate pūngāwerewere me te taha o te kiko ora
• Te pokanga Mohs: Te tango i te mate pūngāwerewere i ia paparanga i te wā e tirotiro ana i ngā taha
• Cryotherapy: Te whakamatao i ngā pūtau mate pūngāwerewere mā te wai nitrogen
• Electrodesiccation me te curettage: Te kakā me te tahuna i te mate pūngāwerewere
• Ngā rongoā o waho mō ngā mate pukupuku tino wawe, ngā mate pukupuku rānei kei runga

Ka whakauruhia te rongoā melanoma ki te tango pokanga me ngā taha whānui ake. Ki te horapa te melanoma, ka taea e ngā rongoā te whakauru i te immunotherapy, te rongoā whāinga, te chemotherapy, te radiation therapy rānei.

Ka taea te mahi i te nuinga o ngā rongoā mate pūngāwerewere i roto i te tari o tō tākuta mā te whakamahinga o te anesthetic rohe. He tere te ora, ā, ka hoki te nuinga o ngā tāngata ki ngā mahi noa i roto i ngā rā, wiki rānei.

Me pēhea te tiaki i a koe i te wā e rongoā ana koe i te mate pūngāwerewere?

Ka āwhina te tiaki i a koe i te wā e rongoā ana koe kia ora tō tinana, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i te mahi. Ko te nuinga o ngā rongoā mate pūngāwerewere he mahi whakakore, he iti te wā e mutu ai.

I muri i te pokanga, puritia te mate kia ma, kia maroke, kia rite ki ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta. Ka whai pea koe i ngā tohutohu motuhake mō te whakarereke i ngā papatahi me te wā ka taea te kaukau, te horoi rānei.

Tīakina te rohe i te whakamahinga o te rā i te wā e ora ana, no te mea he tino mārō te kiri hou. Whakamahia ngā moisturizer ngawari, kāore he kakara hei pupuri i te rohe kia pai te ora.

Tirohia ngā tohu o te mate pērā i te whero nui ake, te wera, te pupuhi, te pus rānei. Whakapā atu ki tō tākuta ki te kite koe i tetahi huringa e awangawanga ana, te nui ake rānei o te mamae i muri i ngā rā tuatahi.

Kai i te kai hauora e whai hua ana i ngā hua me ngā huawhenua hei tautoko i tō pūnaha mate me te ora. Kia makona te inu wai, kia nui te moe hei awhina i tō tinana kia ora.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ka āwhina te whakarite mō tō hui kia pai ake te whakamahi i tō haerenga, ā, ka hoatu ki tō tākuta ngā mōhiohio whai hua. Ka taea e te whakarite iti te whakaiti i te manukanuka pea e pā ana ki a koe.

I mua i tō haerenga, tuhia te wā i kite tuatahi ai koe i te tohu me ngā huringa kua kitea e koe. Tangohia ngā whakaahua ki te tohu kei te wāhi uaua te kite, nā te mea ka taea tēnei te āwhina i tō tākuta ki te aroturuki i ngā huringa i te wā.

Hangaia he rārangi o ngā rongoā, ngā taapiri, ngā huaora katoa e inu ana koe. Tuhia hoki tetahi hītori whānau o te mate pūngāwerewere, ētahi atu mate pukupuku rānei, nā te mea ka āwhina ēnei mōhiohio ki te arahi i tō tiaki.

Whakaritea ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui, pērā i ngā momo rongoā e wātea ana, ngā mea e tumanakohia ana i te wā e ora ana, me te wā e hiahia ana koe ki ngā haerenga whai muri. Kaua e mangere ki te ui ki tetahi mea e awangawanga ana koe.

Haere mai kāore he whakapaipai, he peita kuihi, he whakapaipai rānei ka taea te whakakore i te whakamātautau. Kakahu i ngā kakahu whakamarie e taea ai te uru ngāwari ki te rohe e awangawanga ana.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate pūngāwerewere?

He noa te mate pūngāwerewere, engari he tino māmā te rongoā ina kitea wawe. Ko te mea nui rawa ka taea e koe ko te aro ki tō kiri, me te haere wawe ki te tākuta ki te kite koe i tetahi huringa.

Ko te tiaki rā o ia rā tō tiaki pai rawa atu ki te whanake i te mate pūngāwerewere. Ka taea e ngā tikanga ngāwari pērā i te whakamahinga i te sunscreen me ngā kakahu tiaki te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga.

Kia mahara ko te whai i te tohu e whakapae ana kāore e tikanga kei a koe te mate pukupuku. He maha ngā huringa kiri he pai, engari ko tetahi kaiwhakarongo hauora anake ka taea te whakatau i taua mea.

Ki te whakatau koe he mate pūngāwerewere, kia mōhio koe he tino whai hua ngā rongoā, ina koa ina kitea wawe te mate pukupuku. Ka ora te nuinga o ngā tāngata i te ora noa, i te ora hauora rānei i muri i te rongoā.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te mate pūngāwerewere

Ka puta mai te mate pūngāwerewere i ngā wāhi kāore e kitea te rā?

Ae, ka taea te whanake o te mate pūngāwerewere i ngā wāhi kāore e kitea te rā, tae atu ki waenga o ngā maihao, i runga i ngā ringa, ngā waewae, i raro rānei i ngā maihao. Ahakoa ko te whakamahinga o te rā te take matua, ko ētahi atu take pērā i te ira, te āhua o te pūnaha mate, te whakamahinga o te radiation i mua rānei ka taea te whakauru. Koia te take i nui ai ngā tirotiro kiri katoa, kāore i te tirotiro i ngā wāhi e pā ana ki te rā.

E hā te tere o te horapa o te mate pūngāwerewere?

Ka rerekē te tere i runga i te momo. Ka tipu haere te basal cell carcinoma i te wā roa, i ngā tau rānei, ā, kāore e horapa. Ka tere ake te tipu o te squamous cell carcinoma, engari ka roa tonu te wā ki te whanake. Ka taea e te melanoma te tere o te horapa, koia te take i nui ai te whakatau i ngā kiri kua oti te whakatū e huri haere ana. Engari, ka tipu haere te nuinga o ngā mate pūngāwerewere, ka hoatu he wā ki a koe ki te rapu rongoā.

He ira tuku iho te mate pūngāwerewere?

Ahakoa ko te nuinga o ngā mate pūngāwerewere e puta mai ana i te kino o te rā, he mea nui te ira. Ka whakapiki ake te whai i te matua, te teina rānei me te melanoma i tō tūponotanga, ā, ka whakapiki ake ētahi āhuatanga ira tuku iho i te tūponotanga o te mate pūngāwerewere. Engari, kāore te hītori whānau e whakamana ka whanake koe i te mate pūngāwerewere. Ahakoa tō tūponotanga ira, ko te tiaki rā me ngā tirotiro kiri noa ngā rautaki aukati pai rawa atu.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te kiri kua oti te whakatū mate pukupuku me te kiri kua oti te whakatū noa?

Ko ngā kiri kua oti te whakatū noa he rite tonu te āhua, he taha maeneene, he tae kotahi, he iti iho i te pene, ā, ka mau tonu i te wā. Ka taea e ngā kiri kua oti te whakatū e whakaarohia ana te koretake, he taha koretake, he maha ngā tae, he nui atu i te 6mm, he huringa rānei i te rahi, te āhua, te tae rānei. Ka āwhina te ture ABCDE ki te whakatau i ngā kiri kua oti te whakatū pea he kino, engari me whakatauhia e te tākuta tetahi kiri kua oti te whakatū e huri haere ana.

Ka taea e ngā tāngata he kiri pouri te whiwhi mate pūngāwerewere?

Ae, ka taea e ngā tāngata he kiri pouri te whanake i te mate pūngāwerewere, ahakoa he iti ake tō rātou tūponotanga nā te tiaki taiao mai i te melanin. Ina puta te mate pūngāwerewere i ngā tāngata he kiri pouri, ka kitea i te nuinga o te wā i ngā wāhi he iti te tae, pērā i ngā ringa, ngā waewae, ngā moenga maihao, ngā kiri kiri rānei. Engari, ka kitea i ngā wā o muri te mate pūngāwerewere i ngā tāngata he kiri pouri, koia te take i nui ai te mōhiotanga me te kite wawe.