He aha te Kotinga Hua Kōpū Kotahi? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi tētahi momo tipu ngawari tino onge ka taea te whānau tata ki te wahi katoa o tō tinana. Ka tipu ēnei kotinga mai i ngā pūtau e tautoko ana i te nuinga me te hono i ō ngā kōpū, ā, ahakoa ka rangona te ingoa he wehi, he maha o ēnei tipu he pai, ā, ko te tikanga, kāore e horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana.

Whakaarohia ēnei kotinga hei rōpū koretake o te kōpū ngawari e hanga ana i ngā wāhi kaore e puta mai i te nuinga. Ko te nuinga o te hunga e whānau ana i ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi he pakeke, i te nuinga i waenganui i te 40 me te 60 tau te pakeke, ahakoa ka puta mai i tetahi tau.

He aha ngā tohu o te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ko ngā tohu ka pā atu ki a koe e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wahi e tipu ana te kotinga i roto i tō tinana. He tokomaha kaore he tohu, ina koa he iti te kotinga, kāore rānei e āwangawanga ki ngā mahi noa o te tinana.

Ina puta mai ngā tohu, ko te tikanga ka puta mai i te kotinga e pēhi ana ki ngā whekau, ngā kōpū, ngā hanganga tata. Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa ka kite koe:

• He pupū mamae kore, he nui rānei e taea te kite i raro i tō kiri
• Te mamae o te uma, te poto o te manawa rānei ki te tipu te kotinga i roto i tō kohanga uma
• Te mamae o te kopu, te ngawari o te kai rānei ki te kai ki te kei roto i tō rohe kopu
• Te mamae o te tuara, te koretake rānei i roto i tō tinana
• Te mare, kāore e ngaro, ina koa ki te tata te kotinga ki ō ngā pūkahukahu

Ko ētahi ka pā atu ki te mea e kiia ana e ngā tākuta he "tohu pēhi" i te mea ka nui haere te kotinga. Ka puta mai ēnei āhua i te roa o ngā marama, ngā tau rānei, koia te take kaore i kitea te maha o ngā kotinga kia nui rawa.

I etahi wā onge, ka pā atu koe ki ngā tohu koretake penei i ngā wāhanga o te huka toto iti, te wera nui, te mamae o ngā hononga rānei. Ka puta ēnei ina tukuna e ētahi momo kotinga hua kōpū kotahi ngā homoni, ngā mea rānei ki roto i tō toto, ahakoa ka puta mai tenei i raro i te 5% o ngā take.

He aha ngā momo kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ko te tikanga ka whakarōpūhia e ngā tākuta ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi i runga i te wahi e whānau ana rātou me te āhua o te mahi. Ko te wehenga tino nui ko te momo pai me te kino, e āwhina ana ki te whakatau i tō maimoatanga me tō tirohanga.

Ko ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi pai te 80% o ngā take katoa. Ka noho ēnei tipu i tētahi wāhi, kāore hoki e horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana, ahakoa ka taea tonu te whakaputa raru ki te nui rawa te tipu ki te pēhi i ngā hanganga nui.

Ko ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi kino he iti ake te noa, engari he āwangawanga ake na te mea he kaha ki te horapa. Ka tere ake te tipu o ēnei kotinga, ā, ka hoki mai pea i muri i te maimoatanga, koia te take ka tirotirohia koe e tō tākuta kia tata atu ki te whakaatu ēnei momo.

I runga i te wāhi, ka whakaahuatia ēnei kotinga hei pleural ina tipu ana i te papanga o ō ngā pūkahukahu, extrapleural rānei ina whānau ana ki ētahi atu wāhi o tō tinana. Ko ngā kotinga pleural te momo tuatahi i kitea, koia te take ka kite pea koe i te maha o te whakahua i roto i ngā tuhinga hauora.

He aha te take o te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ko te whakautu pono ko te kore e tino mōhio ngā tākuta ki te take o te whānautanga o ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi. Kāore i rite ki ētahi mate pukupuku e hono ana ki ngā take oranga, ngā whakaū taiao rānei, ka puta mai ēnei kotinga i te koretake kaore he take mārama.

Ko te mea e mōhio ana tatou, ko te whānautanga o ēnei kotinga ina tīmata te tipu koretake o ētahi pūtau i roto i tō kōpū hono. He pūnaha whakahaere pai tō tinana e kī ana ki ngā pūtau te wā ki te tipu me te wā ki te mutu, engari ka whakararuhia tēnei mahi i te take o ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi.

Kua kitea e ngā rangahau hou ngā huringa ira tino motuhake i roto i ngā pūtau kotinga, ina koa ngā ira e kiia nei ko NAB2 me STAT6. Heoi, ka puta mai ēnei huringa i te koretake, kāore i whakawhiwhia mai i ō mātua, kāore rānei i puta mai i ngā take o waho.

Kāore i rite ki te maha atu o ngā momo kotinga, kāore e hono ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi ki te kai paipa, te whakaū radiation, te whakaū matū, ngā take morearea rānei e mohiotia ana. Ka taea te whakamarie tenei na te mea kaore pea he mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei aukati i te whānautanga.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta ki te kite koe i tetahi pupū hou, i te nui rānei i te wahi o tō tinana, ina koa ki te tipu ana, te whakaputa raru rānei. Ahakoa he maha ngā pupū me ngā pūpū he koretake, he pai tonu te arotake i a rātou e te kaimahi hauora.

Tātai atu ki tetahi mamae uma tonu, te poto o te manawa, te koretake o te kopu rānei kaore he take mārama. Ka hiahiatia ēnei tohu he arotake hauora, ina koa ki te kino haere i te roa o te wā.

Rapua te awhina hauora tere ki te pā atu koe ki te mamae uma ohorere, te uaua o te manawa, ngā tohu rānei o te toto o roto penei i te mare toto, te mamae nui o te kopu rānei. Ahakoa he onge te puta mai o ēnei tohu i ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi, ka hiahiatia te arotake tonu ahakoa te take.

Kaua e manukanuka ki te whakaaro he kuware te rapu awhina hauora mō ngā tohu kaore pea e nui. Ko te kite wawe me te arotake ka ārahi tonu ki ngā hua pai ake, ā, ka tino pai atu tō tākuta ki te kite i a koe i mua atu i muri mai ina tae mai ki ngā tohu koretake.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ko te pono ko te kore o ngā take morearea mārama mō ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi, ka taea te whakapohehe me te whakamarie. Kāore i rite ki te maha atu o ngā āhuatanga, ka puta mai ēnei kotinga i te koretake puta noa i ngā iwi rerekē.

Ko te tau te take tino mau e kitea ana e ngā tākuta. Ko te nuinga o te hunga e whānau ana i ēnei kotinga he pakeke o waenganui, i te nuinga i waenganui i te 40 me te 70 tau te pakeke, ahakoa kua pūrongotia ngā take i roto i ngā tāngata taitamariki me ngā kaumatua.

Kāore e kitea he tino pai mō ngā tāne, ngā wāhine rānei, ā, ka puta ēnei kotinga puta noa i ngā rōpū iwi me ngā momo. Kāore hoki e āhua te hītori whānau, na te mea kaore e whakawhiwhia mai ēnei kotinga, kāore rānei e tukuna i roto i ngā whānau.

I whakaarohia i mua ko te whakaū radiation he take morearea pea, engari e whakaatu ana ngā rangahau o nāianei he ngoikore tēnei hononga. Ko te tikanga ano hoki mō ngā whakaū mahi, ngā take oranga rānei e piki ake ai te morearea mō ētahi atu momo kotinga.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ko ngā raruraru ka pā atu ki a koe e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wahi o tō kotinga me te pai, te kino rānei. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai ana i ngā kotinga iti, pai kaore he raruraru i o rātou oranga katoa.

Ko te raruraru tino noa ko te pānga tinana o te nui haere. I te nui haere o ngā kotinga, ka taea te pēhi ki ngā hanganga nui, te whakaputa raru rānei ki ngā mahi noa o te tinana.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru matua ka taea te whānau:

• Ngā uaua o te manawa ki te pēhi te kotinga ki ō ngā pūkahukahu, te ara manawa rānei
• Ngā raruraru kai ki te āwangawanga ki tō kopu, ngā whekau rānei
• Te mamae, te koretake rānei mai i te pēhi ki ngā io, ngā wāhi ngawari rānei
• Te iti o te nekehanga ki te pā te kotinga ki ngā uaua, ngā hononga rānei
• Te toto, ahakoa he onge tenei, ka puta noa i ngā kotinga nui

Mō ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi kino, ko te āwangawanga matua ko te kaha ki te horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana. Ka puta mai tenei i te 10-15% o ngā take, ā, ko te tikanga ko ngā pūkahukahu, te ate, ngā wheua rānei.

He raruraru onge, engari he kino te huanga o te mate Doege-Potter ka puta ina nui rawa te whakaputa a ngā kotinga i te huanga tipu rite ki te insulin. Ka puta mai tēnei i ngā taumata huka toto tino iti, ā, ka hiahiatia te awhina hauora tere, ahakoa ka pā atu ki raro i te 5% o te hunga e whai ana i ēnei kotinga.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ko te whakatau i te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi e tīmata ana i tō tākuta e ui ana ki ō tohu, te mahi rānei i te whakamātautau tinana. Ki te kite rātou i tetahi mea e āwangawanga ana, ka tono rātou i ngā whakamātautau whakaahua hei tirotiro pai ake i te mea e puta ana i roto i tō tinana.

Ko te mahi tuatahi tino noa ko te CT scan, MRI rānei, ka taea te whakaatu i te rahi, te wāhi, ngā āhua rānei o tetahi tipu koretake. Ka āwhina ēnei tirotiro i tō tākuta ki te mōhio ki te pānga o te kotinga ki ngā hanganga tata, te whakarite rānei i te huarahi pai mō te arotake atu.

Hei whakau i te whakatau, ka hiahia pea koe ki te biopsy, ka tangohia, ka tirotirohia te tauira iti o te kotinga i raro i te microscope. Ka taea te mahi i tēnei i etahi wā me te ngira i roto i tō kiri, ahakoa ka hiahia pea ngā tauira nui ake ki te mahi pokanga iti.

Ka rapu te pathologist i ngā āhuatanga motuhake e tohu ana i ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi, tae atu ki ngā whakamātautau whakairoiro motuhake e kitea ana ngā pūtau motuhake. Ka whakatau hoki rātou ki te pai, te kino rānei o tō kotinga, he mea nui mō te whakarite i tō maimoatanga.

Ko ētahi atu whakamātautau pea ko te mahi toto hei tirotiro i tō hauora whānui, ngā tirotiro motuhake rānei hei tirotiro mena he kotinga atu i ētahi atu wāhi o tō tinana. Ka whakamārama tō tākuta i ngā whakamātautau e hiahiatia ana i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ko te pokanga te maimoatanga matua mō te nuinga o ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi, ā, ko te tango katoa e whakarato ana i te reiti whakaora pai. Ko te whāinga ko te tango i te kotinga katoa me te iti o te kōpū hauora hei whakarite kaore he pūtau kotinga e toe ana.

Mō ngā kotinga pai kua tangohia katoa, ko te pokanga anake te maimoatanga ka hiahia koe. Ka haere te tokomaha ki te noho i ngā oranga noa kaore he raruraru atu i muri i te tango pokanga angitu.

Ko te momo pokanga motuhake e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wahi o tō kotinga. Ko ngā kotinga uma pea ka hiahia ki te whakatuwhera i te kohanga uma, ko ngā kotinga i roto i tō kopu pea ka hiahia ki te pokanga kopu. Ka whakamārama tō taote i te huarahi motuhake e tūtohutia ana e rātou mō tō āhuatanga.

Mō ngā kotinga kino, ngā take rānei kaore e taea te tango katoa, ka tūtohu pea tō rōpū maimoatanga i ētahi atu rongoā:

• Te rongoā radiation hei whakaeke i ngā pūtau kotinga e toe ana
• Te chemotherapy, ahakoa kaore ēnei kotinga e whakautu pai ki ngā rongoā chemotherapy noa
• Ngā rongoā whakaeke e mahi ana ki ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te kotinga
• Te tirotiro tonu me ngā tirotiro hei matawai mō ngā tohu o te hokinga mai

Ki te iti tō kotinga, kāore hoki e whakaputa tohu, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te huarahi "mataara me te tatari" me ngā tirotiro tonu hei matawai mō ngā huringa. He mea noa tenei mō ngā turoro kaumātua, ngā tāngata rānei kaore he kaitono pai mō te pokanga.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tohu i te kāinga i te wā o te maimoatanga kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ko te whakahaere i ō tohu i te kāinga e aro nui ana ki te noho mārama me te tautoko i tō hauora whānui i te wā e mahi ana koe me tō rōpū hauora. Ko ngā mahi motuhake ka taea e koe te tango e whakawhirinaki ana ki ō tohu me te wahi o tō kotinga.

Mō te whakahaere mamae, ko ngā kaiwhakaora mamae kore-whakahaunga penei i te acetaminophen, ibuprofen rānei ka whai hua, ahakoa me tirotiro koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā rongoā e tika ana mō tō āhuatanga motuhake. Ko ngā putea wera, makariri rānei pea ka whakawhiwhia te whakamarie mō te mamae o te rohe.

Ki te pā atu koe ki ngā uaua o te manawa, ko te moe me tō ulu i whakatūria ki runga i ngā urunga taapiri ka taea te awhina. Ko ngā mahi ngawari penei i ngā hikoi poto ka taea te tautoko i tō mahi pūkahukahu, engari kaua e nui rawa te mahi ki te uaua te manawa.

Ko te pupuri i te kai pai ka tino nui ki te pānga o tō kotinga ki tō hiahia kai, tō kai rānei. Ko te kai i ngā kai iti ake, te maha atu rānei ka ngāwari atu i te ngana ki te kai i ngā wāhanga nui, ā, ko te pupuri i te wai pai e tautoko ana i tō whakaora whānui.

Pupuri i te pukapuka tohu hei whai i ngā huringa i tō āhua. Tuhia te wā e pai ake ana, e kino ake ana rānei ngā tohu, na te mea ka whai hua ēnei mōhiohio mō tō rōpū hauora i te whakarite i tō tiaki me te matawai i tō ahunga whakamua.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui e āwhina ana ki te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i te nuinga o tō wā me tō rōpū hauora. Tīmata ma te tuhi i ō tohu katoa, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou me te āhua o te huringa i te roa o te wā.

Kawe mai i te rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā katoa e inu ana koe, tae atu ki ngā rongoā kore-whakahaunga, ngā taapiri, ngā rongoā otaota rānei. Ko ētahi o ēnei pea ka pā ki ngā maimoatanga, me mutu rānei i mua i ētahi mahi.

Whakaritea he rārangi o ngā pūrongo e hiahia ana koe ki te ui ki tō tākuta. Ko ngā kaupapa nui pea ko ngā whiringa maimoatanga, te wā whakaora e tumanakohia ana, ngā raruraru pea, me te mea e tumanakohia ana i ngā mahi rerekē.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi mema whānau whakawhirinaki, hoa rānei ki tō hui. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina ia koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui me te whakarato tautoko ngākau i te wā pea he wā ahotea.

Kohikohia ngā rēkōta hauora o mua, ngā hua whakamātautau, ngā rangahau whakaahua rānei e pā ana ki tō āhuatanga. Ki te kite koe i ētahi atu tākuta mō tēnei raruraru, ko te whai i aua rēkōta ka taea te āwhina i tō tākuta o nāianei ki te mōhio ki tō whakaahua hauora katoa.

He aha te mea nui mō te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ko te mea tino nui ki te mōhio mō ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi, ahakoa ka rangona he wehi, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e pai ana ki te maimoatanga tika. Ko te nuinga o ēnei kotinga he pai, ā, ka taea te whakaora angitu me te pokanga anake.

Ko te kite wawe me te tiaki hauora tika e whakaputa ana i te rerekētanga nui ki ngā hua. Ki te kite koe i ngā pupū koretake, te mamae tonu, ngā tohu rānei e āwangawanga ana, kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu arotake hauora.

Mahara ko te whai i te āhuatanga onge kāore e tikanga kei te tūtaki koe i te āhuatanga kore e taea. He maimoatanga whai hua te hauora hou mō ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi, ā, ka hoki te tokomaha ki o rātou mahi noa i muri i te maimoatanga.

Noho hono atu ki tō rōpū hauora, kaua hoki e wehi ki te ui i ngā pūrongo, ki te whakaputa rānei i ngā āwangawanga. Kei reira rātou hei tautoko i a koe i roto i tēnei mahi, hei āwhina i a koe ki te whiwhi i te hua pai rawa.

Ngā pūrongo e ui pinepinetia ana mō te kotinga hua kōpū kotahi

He mate pukupuku tonu ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Kāo, ko te 80% o ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi he pai, ko te tikanga kāore e horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana. Ahakoa he kino, ka tipu haere i te roa, ka taea te whakaora angitu ina kitea wawe. Ka whakatau tō tākuta i te momo motuhake mā te biopsy me te whakamātautau.

Ka hoki mai ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi i muri i te pokanga?

He mea pea te hokinga mai, engari ehara i te mea noa ina tangohia katoa te kotinga me ngā rohe mārama. Kaore e hoki mai ngā kotinga pai i muri i te tango pokanga katoa, ko ngā momo kino he iti te tūpono o te hokinga mai. Ka tūtohu tō tākuta i ngā tirotiro whai muri tonu hei matawai mō ngā huringa.

E hā te tere o te tipu o ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ko te tikanga ka tipu haere ēnei kotinga i te roa o ngā marama, ngā tau rānei, koia te take kaore te tokomaha e kite i ngā tohu kia nui rawa te kotinga. Ka rerekē te tere o te tipu i waenganui i ngā tāngata, ā, ka tere ake pea te tipu o ngā kotinga kino i ngā kotinga pai.

Ka taea e ngā tamariki te whānau i ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Ahakoa he onge, ka taea te puta mai o ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi i ngā tamariki me ngā taitamariki. Heoi, he maha atu i roto i ngā pakeke o waenganui. Ina puta mai i roto i ngā tāngata taitamariki, ko te tikanga he pai, ā, ka whakautu pai ki te maimoatanga pokanga.

He aha te mea ka taea e au te mahi hei aukati i ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi?

Heoi, kāore he rautaki aukati e mohiotia ana mō ngā kotinga hua kōpū kotahi na te mea kāore e mōhiotia te take o te whānautanga. Ka puta mai rātou i te koretake kaore he hononga mārama ki ngā take oranga, ngā whakaū taiao, te whakawhiwhi ira rānei ka taea e koe te whakarereke.