He aha te Mate Roro? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

He aha te mate roro?

Ka puta te mate roro ina mutu te rere o te toto ki tetahi wahanga o tō roro, kāore rānei e ranea. Whakaarohia he mate ngākau, engari kei tō roro, ehara i tō ngākau.

Ina kore e whiwhi ngā pūtau o te roro i te hāora me ngā kai e hiahiatia ana e rātou i te toto, ka tīmata te mate i roto i ngā meneti. Koinei te take i karangahia ai e ngā tākua te mate roro he "whakaeke roro", me te take i tino nui ai te tere o te tiki atu i te awhina i te ora.

Ko te rongo pai, he maha ngā mate roro ka taea te whakaora, ina koa ka kitea wawe. Ko te mārama ki ngā tohu whakatūpato me te mahi tere ka āwhina i te tiaki i tō roro me te whakapai ake i ō tūmanako mō te ora katoa.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate roro?

Ka puta ngā tohu o te mate roro i te wa poto, ā, ka pā pea ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō tinana. Ko te mea nui rawa kia mahara ko ia meneti he mea nui ina puta enei tohu.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu whakatūpato matua hei titiro atu:

• Te ngenge rānei te ngoikore ohorere o tō mata, o tō ringa, o tō waewae rānei, ina koa kei tetahi taha o tō tinana
• Te whakapohehe rānei te raruraru ohorere ki te kōrero, ki te whakarongo rānei ki te kōrero
• Te raruraru ohorere ki te kite i tetahi kanohi, i ngā kanohi rānei
• Te raruraru ohorere ki te haere, te wiri, te ngaro rānei o te toenga
• Te mamae o te upoko nui ohorere kahore he take e mohiotia ana
• Te raruraru ohorere ki te horomia
• Te ruaki rānei te ruaki ohorere ina honoa ki ētahi atu tohu o te mate roro

He maha ngā tāngata e whakamahi ana i te kupu whakarāpopoto FAST hei mahara ki ngā tohu nui o te mate roro. Ko te F mō te mata he ngākau, ko te A mō te ringa ngoikore, ko te S mō te raruraru kōrero, ā, ko te T mō te wā ki te karanga i ngā ratonga āwhina.

I etahi wā, ka taea e ngā tohu o te mate roro te ngawari ake, ina koa ki ngā wāhine. Ka rongo pea koe i te ngenge ohorere, te poto o te manawa ohorere, te mamae o te uma ohorere rānei me ētahi atu tohu.

He aha ngā momo mate roro?

E toru ngā momo nui o te mate roro, ā, ko te mārama ki a rātou ka āwhina i te whakamārama he aha ngā huarahi rerekē o te maimoatanga. Ka pā ia momo ki tō roro i te huarahi rerekē.

Ko te momo tino noa ko te mate roro ischemic, ka puta ina aukati te toto i tetahi uaua e haere ana ki tō roro. Koinei te take mō te 87% o ngā mate roro katoa, ā, ka puta ina whakaitihia, ina aukati rānei ngā uaua e ngā toenga ngako, e ngā toto rānei.

Ka puta te mate roro hemorrhagic ina pakaru te uaua toto i roto i tō roro. He iti ake te noa o tēnei momo, engari he tino kino ake i te nuinga o te wā, nā te mea ka ringihia te toto ki roto, ki te taha rānei o ngā kiko o tō roro, ka hangaia te pehanga me te kino.

Ko te momo tuatoru e kiia nei he whakaeke ischemic tūpono, he TIA rānei, i etahi wā e kiia ana he "mate roro iti". Ka puta ina aukatihia te rere o te toto ki tō roro mō te wā poto, i te nuinga o te wā mō ngā meneti torutoru noa iho, katahi ka hoki ki te noa.

Ahakoa ka ngaro ngā tohu TIA i te tere, he tohu whakatūpato nui rātou. Ko tetahi o ngā toru o ngā tāngata he TIA, ka whiwhi i te mate roro, i te nuinga o te wā i roto i te tau.

He aha ngā take o te mate roro?

Ka whanake ngā mate roro ina whakararu tetahi mea i te rere noa o te toto ki tō roro. Ko te take motuhake e whakamahia ana e te momo mate roro kei te pā atu koe.

Mō ngā mate roro ischemic, ko ngā take tino noa ko:

• Ngā toto e hangaia ana i roto i ngā uaua e whakarato ana i tō roro (mate roro thrombotic)
• Ngā toto e hangaia ana ki ētahi atu wāhi o tō tinana, ka haere ki tō roro (mate roro embolic)
• Te whakaiti nui o ngā uaua nā ngā toenga ngako (atherosclerosis)
• Te mate uaua iti e pā ana ki ngā uaua iti kei roto i tō roro

Ka puta ngā mate roro hemorrhagic mō ngā take rerekē:

• Te pehanga toto teitei e whakawaiwai ana i ngā pakitara uaua i te wā roa
• Ngā aneurysms (ngā wahi ngoikore i roto i ngā pakitara uaua toto e pupū ana)
• Ngā mahi kino o ngā uaua toto (ngā whatu koretake o ngā uaua toto)
• Ngā rongoā whakaheke toto e piki ake ai te toto
• Te whara o te upoko mai i ngā aituā, i ngā hinga rānei

Ko ētahi take onge ko ngā mate toto, te whakamahinga o ngā raau taero kore ture (ina koa te cocaine me te methamphetamines), tetahi āhuatanga ira rānei e pā ana ki ngā uaua toto. I te kōrero atu, ko te nuinga o ngā mate roro e puta mai ana i ngā take morearea noa, ka taea te whakahaere, kāore i ngā āhuatanga onge.

Nōhea te haere ki te taakuta mō ngā tohu o te mate roro?

Me karanga tonu koe i ngā ratonga āwhina ina kite koe i ētahi tohu o te mate roro, ahakoa he ngawari rānei, he tere te ngaro.

Kaua e tatari kia pai ake ngā tohu. Ka mate ngā pūtau o te roro i te tere kahore he rere o te toto, ā, ka pai ake te mahi o ngā maimoatanga ina tīmata i roto i ngā haora tuatahi i muri i te tīmatanga o ngā tohu.

Ahakoa kei te whakaaro koe kei te whiwhi koe i te TIA, he "mate roro iti" rānei, kei te hiahia tonu koe ki te tiaki hauora tonu. Ko ngā TIA he tohu whakatūpato ka whai mai te mate roro nui, ā, ka taea e ngā tākua te aukati i tēnei mahi ma te maimoatanga tika.

Ki te kore koe e tino mohio kei te pā ana ngā tohu ki te mate roro, he pai tonu te mahi i te taha tupato. Kua whakangungua ngā tākua o te rūma āwhina ki te aromatawai tere me te whakakore i te mate roro, na kaua e manukanuka ki te "whakaware" i a rātou ki te ripoata teka.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te mate roro?

Ko ētahi take morearea o te mate roro ka taea e koe te whakahaere, ko ētahi kāore. Ko te mārama ki ngā momo e rua ka āwhina i a koe ki te aro ki ngā huringa ka taea te whakarereke nui mō tō hauora.

Ko ngā take morearea ka taea e koe te whakahaere ko:

• Te pehanga toto teitei (ko te take morearea nui rawa atu e taea te whakahaere)
• Te whakakāhore me te whakamahinga o te tapeka
• Te mate huka
• Te kolesterol teitei
• Te momona
• Te kore mahi tinana
• Te inu waipiro nui
• Te whakamahinga o ngā raau taero kore ture
• Te apnea moe
• Te atrial fibrillation me ētahi atu āhuatanga o te ngākau

Ko ngā take morearea kaore e taea e koe te whakarereke ko:

• Te tau (ka rua te piki o te morearea i ia tekau tau i muri i te 55 tau)
• Te ira tangata (he iti ake te morearea o ngā tāne, engari he maha ake ngā mate roro mate nā ngā wāhine)
• Te iwi (he nui ake te morearea o ngā tāngata Pākehā, Hispanic, me ngā tāngata whenua)
• Te hītori whānau o te mate roro
• Te mate roro o mua, TIA rānei

Ko te rongo whakamārama ko te whakahaere i ngā take morearea ka taea te whakahaere ka taea te whakaiti nui i tō morearea o te mate roro, ahakoa he take morearea kei a koe kaore e taea te whakarereke. Ka taea e ngā huringa iti, pumau i ō tikanga o ia rā te whakato te tiaki nui mō tō roro.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate roro?

Ka pā pea ngā raruraru o te mate roro ki ngā āhuatanga rerekē o tō oranga, engari he maha ngā tāngata e ora pai ana me te maimoatanga tika me te whakaora. Ko te momo me te kino o ngā raruraru e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wahanga o tō roro i pā, me te tere o tō whiwhi i te maimoatanga.

Ko ngā raruraru tinana pea ko:

• Te ngoikore rānei te pararutiki i tetahi taha o tō tinana (hemiplegia)
• Te raruraru ki te whakataurite me te toenga
• Ngā raruraru ki te horomia (dysphagia)
• Ngā raruraru kite, te matapo rānei i tetahi wāhanga o tō mara kite
• Ngā hopu (ka puta ki te 10% o ngā kaiora o te mate roro)
• Te mamae roa rānei ngā āhuatanga koretake

Ko ngā wero hinengaro me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pea ko:

• Te raruraru ki te kōrero, ki te whakarongo rānei ki te reo (aphasia)
• Ngā raruraru ki te mahara, te whakaaro, te whakatau rānei i ngā raruraru
• Te raruraru ki te pānui, ki te tuhituhi rānei
• Te raruraru ki te mohio ki ngā mea, ki ngā tāngata rānei e mohiotia ana
• Ngā huringa i roto i ngā tikanga whakatau, i ngā kaha whakatau rānei

He noa hoki ngā huringa ngakau me te whāinga, tae atu ki te pouri, te manukanuka, ngā huringa o te tuakiri, te iti rānei o te kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā kare a roto. Ko ēnei pānga hinengaro he wāhanga noa o te ora mai i te mate roro, ehara i te tohu o te ngoikore.

Ahakoa ka ātaahua pea tēnei rārangi, kia mahara ko te maha o ngā raruraru ka pai ake te whakapai ake me te wā, te rongoā, me te tautoko. He kaha whakamīharo tō roro ki te whakarite me te hanga hononga hou, ina koa me te whakaora tika.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate roro?

Ko te rongo pai rawa atu mō te mate roro ko te 80% o ngā mate roro ka taea te aukati ma ngā huringa oranga me te tiaki hauora tika. Ka taea e ngā mahi iti, pumau te whakarereke nui ki te tiaki i tō roro.

Ko te whakahaere i tō pehanga toto ko te taahiraa nui rawa atu ka taea e koe te tango. Kia iti iho i te 140/90 mmHg ma te rongoā mena e hiahiatia ana, te whakaiti i te tote, te whakakori i ia rā, me te whakahaere i te ahotea.

Ko ngā whiringa oranga hauora ngākau ko te mutu i te whakakāhore, te whakaiti i te waipiro ki tetahi inu i te rā mō ngā wāhine, e rua rānei mō ngā tāne, te kai i te kai e nui ana te hua me ngā huawhenua, me te whiwhi i te iti rawa o te 150 meneti o te whakakori ā-waenganui i ia wiki.

Mahi tahi me tō taakuta ki te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga hauora penei i te mate huka, te kolesterol teitei, me te atrial fibrillation. Ko te tango i ngā rongoā kua tohua me te tirotiro i ēnei āhuatanga ka taea te whakaiti nui i tō morearea o te mate roro.

Ki te whai koe i te mate roro o mua, TIA rānei, ka nui ake te nui o te whai i tō mahere aukati. Ka uru pea tenei ki te tango i ngā kai whakaheke toto, ngā rongoā pehanga toto, ngā rongoā whakaiti kolesterol rānei e rite ana ki te tohu.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te mate roro?

Ka taea e ngā tākua te whakatau tere i te mate roro ma te whakamahi i te whakakotahitanga o ō tohu, te whakamātautau tinana, me ngā whakamātautau whakaahua roro. He mea nui te tere, na kua whakangungua ngā rōpū āwhina ki te mahi pai.

Ka mahi tuatahi tō taakuta i te whakamātautau neurological, te tirotiro i tō mārama hinengaro, te whakataurite, te toenga, me ngā whakautu. Ka ui atu rātou ki ō tohu me tō hītori hauora i te wā e tirotiro ana i tō ngākau me ngā uaua toto.

Ka āwhina ngā whakamātautau whakaahua roro ki te whakatau he aha te momo mate roro kei a koe:

• Ka taea e te CT scan (computed tomography) te whakaatu tere mena kei te whiwhi koe i te mate roro hemorrhagic
• Ka whakarato te MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) i ngā pikitia taipitopito atu o ngā kiko o tō roro
• Ka whakaatu te CT angiography, te MR angiography rānei i ngā uaua toto i roto i tō roro

Ka tirotiro ngā whakamātautau toto i ngā raruraru toto, ngā taumata huka toto, me ngā tohu o te mate. Ka taea te mahi i ngā whakamātautau ngākau penei i te electrocardiogram (ECG) te echocardiogram rānei ki te titiro ki ngā āhuatanga o te ngākau ka taea te mate roro.

Kua hoahoatia te tukanga aromatawai katoa kia tere kia taea ai te tīmata i te maimoatanga tika i te wa e taea ai. Ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tari āwhina te whakaoti i te aromatawai tuatahi i roto i te haora i muri i tō taenga mai.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te mate roro?

Ko te maimoatanga o te mate roro e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo mate roro kei a koe, me te tere o tō whiwhi i te tiaki. Ko te whāinga ko te whakahoki i te rere o te toto ki tō roro i te tere e taea ai, me te aukati i te kino atu.

Mō ngā mate roro ischemic, ka taea e ngā tākua te whakamahi i ngā rongoā whakakore toto e kiia nei he tissue plasminogen activators (tPA). Ka pai ake te mahi o ēnei rongoā ina hoatu i roto i ngā haora 3 ki te 4.5 i muri i te tīmatanga o ngā tohu, ahakoa i etahi wā ka taea te whai hua i muri mai.

Ko te thrombectomy mīhini tētahi atu maimoatanga e whakamahi ana ngā tākua i te taputapu motuhake hei tango i ngā toto nui mai i ngā uaua roro. Ka taea e tēnei tukanga te whai hua tae atu ki te 24 haora i muri i te tīmatanga o ngā tohu i etahi take.

Ko te maimoatanga mate roro hemorrhagic e aro ana ki te whakahaere i te toto me te whakaiti i te pehanga i roto i tō roro:

• Ngā rongoā hei whakaiti i te pehanga toto me te whakaiti i te pupū o te roro
• Te pokanga hei whakatika i ngā uaua toto kua pakaru, hei tango rānei i te toto i rōngoa
• Ngā tukanga hei whakahaere i ngā aneurysms, i ngā mahi kino rānei o ngā uaua toto

I muri i te wāhanga nui, ka huri te maimoatanga ki te aukati i tetahi atu mate roro me te awhina i a koe ki te ora. Ka uru atu ki ēnei ngā rongoā penei i ngā kai whakaheke toto, ngā rongoā pehanga toto, ngā rongoā kolesterol rānei, e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ka tīmata te whakaora i te whare hauora, ka haere tonu mō ngā wiki, ngā marama rānei. Ko tēnei huarahi mahi e whakauru ana ki ngā kaiwhakaora tinana, ngā kaiwhakaora mahi, me ngā kaiwhakaora kōrero ka āwhina i a koe ki te tiki i ngā pūkenga kua ngaro me te whakarite ki ētahi huringa roa.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te ora mai i te mate roro i te kāinga?

Ko te ora mai i te kāinga i muri i te mate roro e whakauru ana ki te hanga i tetahi taiao haumaru me te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō rōpū hauora. Ko te nuinga o ngā kaiora o te mate roro ka haere tonu te whakapai ake mō ngā marama, ngā tau rānei i muri i to rātou mate roro tuatahi.

Ko te tango i ngā rongoā tika e rite ana ki te tohu he mea nui ki te aukati i tetahi atu mate roro. Whakaritea he pūnaha me ngā kaiwhakahaere pereti, ngā karaka, ngā taupānga waea atamai rānei hei āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā horo me te wā.

Ko ngā whakarerekētanga haumaru kāinga pea ko te whakauru i ngā pou hopu i roto i ngā ruma kaukau, te tango i ngā papanga maka, te whakapai ake i te mārama, me te pupuri i ngā taonga e whakamahia pinepine ana i roto i te ringa. Ka āwhina ēnei whakarerekētanga ki te aukati i ngā hinga me te whakapai ake i ngā mahi o ia rā.

Haere tonu me ngā rongoā me ngā whakakori kua tohua i te kāinga. Ka āwhina ngā whakakori whakaora tinana ki te pupuri i te kaha me te nekehanga, ā, ka tautoko ngā mahi kāinga whakaora kōrero i te ora mai o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. Ko te pumau ki ēnei mahi te tikanga o te nui o te whakapai ake ka kite koe.

Tirohia ngā tohu o te pouri, o te manukanuka rānei, he mea noa i muri i te mate roro. Noho hono atu ki ngā whānau me ngā hoa, whakaarohia te uru atu ki tetahi rōpū tautoko mate roro, ā, kaua e mangere ki te ui atu ki tō taakuta mō te tohutohu, te rongoā rānei mena ka whakaroa ngā huringa ngakau i tō ora.

Tirohia ō tohu me te whakapiri atu ki tō taakuta mena ka kite koe i te ngoikore hou, ngā huringa kōrero, ngā mamae o te upoko nui, ētahi atu tohu rānei e awangawanga ana. Ka taea e ēnei te tohu i ngā raruraru e hiahia ana ki te tiaki tonu.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taakuta?

Ko te whakarite mō ngā hui i muri i te mate roro ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakamahi pai i tō wā me ngā kaiwhakarato hauora. Ko te whakarite pai ka whakarite kia whiwhi koe i ngā whakautu ki ō pātai nui rawa atu, me te noho tonu ki tō ora.

Tuhia katoa ō tohu o nāianei, ahakoa he iti rānei, he kore hononga rānei. Whakauruhia te wā i tīmata ai rātou, he aha te mea e pai ake ai, te kino rānei, me te āhua o te pānga ki ō mahi o ia rā.

Kawe mai he rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā, ngā taapiri, me ngā huaora katoa kei te tango koe, tae atu ki ngā horo me te wā. Kawe mai hoki he rārangi o ō mate pāwera me ētahi pānga taha kua pā atu koe mai i ngā rongoā.

Whakaritea ngā pātai motuhake mō tō ora, penei i ngā whakapainga ka tumanako koe, te wā ka hoki mai koe ki te taraiwa, ki te mahi rānei, me ngā tohu whakatūpato e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i te mema whānau, hoa rānei ki ngā hui. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā korero, ki te ui atu ki ngā pātai ka wareware pea koe, me te whakarato tautoko i ngā kōrero mō tō tiaki.

Pupurihia he puka ora e tuhi ana i tō ahunga whakamua, ngā wero, me ngā pātai e puta mai ana i waenga i ngā hui. Ka āwhina ēnei korero i tō rōpū hauora ki te whakarite i tō mahere maimoatanga me te whakautu i ō awangawanga.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate roro?

He āhuatanga hauora nui te mate roro, engari he tino taea te whakaora ina kitea wawe. Ko te mea nui rawa kia mahara ko te tiki atu i te awhina tonu ka taea te whakarereke i waenga i te ora katoa me te kore e taea te ora.

He maha ngā mate roro ka taea te aukati ma ngā whiringa oranga hauora me te whakahaere tika i ngā āhuatanga hauora penei i te pehanga toto teitei me te mate huka. Ahakoa ngā huringa iti i ō tikanga o ia rā ka taea te whakaiti nui i tō morearea.

Ki te whiwhi koe i te mate roro, he taea te ora mai me te maimoatanga tika me te whakaora. He kaha whakamīharo tō roro ki te ora me te whakarite, ā, he maha ngā tāngata e haere tonu ana ki te noho oranga, oranga whai kiko i muri i te mate roro.

Ko te matua ko te mohio tere ki ngā tohu, te rapu i te tiaki hauora tonu, me te whakaute ki tō mahere ora. Me te tautoko me te maimoatanga tika, ka taea e koe te whakapai ake i ō tūmanako mō te hua pai rawa atu.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te mate roro

Ka taea e ngā tāngata taitamariki te whiwhi mate roro?

Ae, ahakoa ka piki ake te morearea o te mate roro me te tau, ka taea te puta i tetahi tau, tae atu ki ngā tamariki me ngā tāngata pakeke. Ko te 10-15% o ngā mate roro e puta ana ki ngā tāngata i raro i te 45 tau. Ka taea e ngā tāngata pakeke te whiwhi mate roro nā ngā āhuatanga o te ngākau, ngā mate toto, te whakamahinga o ngā raau taero, ngā raruraru hono ki te hapu rānei. Ki te taitamariki koe, ā, e kite ana koe i ngā tohu o te mate roro, kaua e whakakore i a rātou nā tō tau.

E hia te roa o te ora mai i te mate roro?

Ka rerekē te wā ora mai i te tangata ki te tangata. Ko te nuinga o te whakapainga tere ka puta i roto i ngā marama toru ki te ono, engari he maha ngā tāngata e haere tonu ana te ora mai mō ngā tau i muri i to rātou mate roro. Ko ngā take e pā ana ki te ora mai ko te rahi me te wāhi o te mate roro, tō tau, te hauora whānui, me te tere o tō whiwhi i te maimoatanga. Ko te whakauru pumau ki ngā mahi whakaora te tikanga o ngā hua pai ake i te wā roa.

Ka taea te whiwhi mate roro, kāore koe e mohio?

Ae, ko ēnei e kiia ana he "mate roro ngāwari". Ka puta he kino roro pumau, engari kāore e whakaputa i ngā tohu marama ka mohio koe. He maha ake ngā mate roro ngāwari ki ngā tāngata pakeke me ngā tāngata he pehanga toto teitei, he mate huka rānei. Ahakoa kaore pea koe e kite i ngā pānga tonu, ka taea e ngā mate roro ngāwari te whai wāhi ki ngā raruraru mahara, te raruraru whakaaro, te piki rānei o te morearea o ngā mate roro a muri ake nei.

He mea noa te ngenge i muri i te mate roro?

He mea noa te ngenge nui i muri i te mate roro, e pā ana ki te 70% o ngā kaiora. Ehara tenei i te ngenge noa iho, engari he ngenge nui kaore e pai ake me te okioki. Ka taea e te ngenge i muri i te mate roro te puta mai i te whara o te roro, ngā rongoā, te pouri, ngā raruraru moe, te kaha atu rānei e hiahiatia ana mō ngā mahi o ia rā. Kōrero atu ki tō taakuta mō ngā rautaki hei whakahaere i te ngenge, tae atu ki ngā tikanga tiaki kaha me ngā maimoatanga pea.

Ka taea e te ahotea te mate roro?

Ahakoa kaore te ahotea anake e mate roro tika, ka taea e te ahotea roa te whai wāhi ki ngā āhuatanga e piki ake ai te morearea o te mate roro, penei i te pehanga toto teitei, te mate ngākau, me te mate huka. I etahi wā, ka taea e te ahotea nui, te mōrearea ngakau rānei te mate roro ki ngā tāngata kei a rātou ngā take morearea. Ko te whakahaere i te ahotea ma ngā tikanga whakahaere, te whakakori, me te tautoko hapori ka taea te wāhanga nui o te aukati i te mate roro.