He aha te mate pukupuku tonsil? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te mate pukupuku tonsil tētahi momo mate pukupuku e whanake ana i roto i ngā kiko o ō tonsils, arā, ngā pūtake lymph e rite ana ki te hua e noho ana i muri i tou korokoro. Kei roto tēnei āhuatanga i te whānuitanga o ngā mate pukupuku o te matenga me te kaki, ā, ko te mate pukupuku oropharyngeal.

Ahakoa ka raru pea te whakarongo ki tetahi momo mate pukupuku, he mea nui kia mōhio koe he maha ngā wā ka taea te whakaora i te mate pukupuku tonsil, ina koa ka kitea wawe. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e ora tonu ana i te ora roa, hauora i muri i te maimoatanga. Ko te mārama ki ngā tohu, me te mohio ki te wā hei rapu awhina ka taea te whakarereke nui ki ō hua.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ka taea e ngā tohu wawe o te mate pukupuku tonsil te ngāwari me te rite pea ki ngā raruraru korokoro noa i pāngia e koe i mua. Heoi, ko te rerekētanga nui ko ēnei tohu ka mau tonu, ka kaha ake te kino i te wā.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa ka kitea e koe:

• He korokoro mamae tonu e kore e pai ake me ngā rongoā noa
• Te uaua, te mamae rānei i te wa e horomia ana te kai, te wai rānei
• He kohinga, he nui rānei i tou kaki e taea te kite
• Ngā huringa i tō reo, pēnei i te reo ngākau, te reo ngaro rānei
• Te mamae o te taringa e kore e rite ki te mate taringa
• Te manawa kino e kore e pai ake me te horoi waha
• He papatahi ma, whero rānei i tō tonsil e kore e ngaro

Ko ngā tohu kaore i te noa, engari ka taea tonu te ngaro o te taumaha kaore i te whakamārama, te maremare tonu, te ngākau rānei kei te mau tetahi mea i roto i tō korokoro. Ka rongo etahi i te toto mai i te waha, te korokoro rānei, ahakoa he iti rawa tēnei i ngā wā wawe.

Ko te mea ka uaua ai te mate pukupuku tonsil, ko te maha o ēnei tohu ka rite ki ētahi atu āhuatanga noa, pēnei i te mate korokoro strep, te tonsillitis rānei. Ko te mea nui hei mahara ko te mau tonu – ki te roa atu ēnei tohu i te rua wiki kaore he pai ake, he mea tika kia tirohia e te kaiwhakarato hauora.

He aha ngā momo o te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ko te mate pukupuku tonsil te nuinga o te whakatauritehia i runga i te momo pūtau i tīmata ai te mate pukupuku. Ko te momo tino noa ko te squamous cell carcinoma, e whakaatu ana mo te 90% o ngā mate pukupuku tonsil katoa.

Ka whanake te squamous cell carcinoma i roto i ngā pūtau angiangi, papatahi e taupoki ana i te mata o ō tonsils. Ka taea te wehe atu tēnei momo mate pukupuku ki ngā kāwai nui e rua i runga i te take o te whanaketanga. Ko ngā mate pukupuku tonsil HPV-positive e hono ana ki te huaketo papillomavirus tangata, ka pai ake te whakautu ki te maimoatanga. Ko ngā mate pukupuku HPV-negative e hono ana ki te whakamahinga taaka me te waipiro.

Ko ngā momo kaore i te noa ko te lymphoma, e whanake ana i roto i ngā pūtau ārai mate i roto i te kiko tonsil. Ko tēnei te whakaatu i te iti o ngā mate pukupuku tonsil engari e hiahia ana ki ngā huarahi rongoā rerekē. He tino onge, ka taea e ētahi atu momo mate pukupuku pēnei i ngā sarcomas, ngā mate pukupuku salivary gland iti rānei te puta i te rohe tonsil.

He aha ngā take o te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ka whanake te mate pukupuku tonsil ina huri ngā pūtau noa i roto i ō kiko tonsil ki ō rātou DNA e āhei ai te tipu kore-mana. Ahakoa kaore e taea e tātou te tohu tika he aha te take o tēnei i tetahi tangata, kaore i tetahi atu, kua kitea e ngā kairangahau etahi take matua e whakapiki ana i te tūponotanga.

Ko te take tino nui i ngā tau tata nei ko te mate ki ētahi momo huaketo papillomavirus tangata (HPV), ina koa ko te HPV-16. Kua waiho tēnei huaketo e horahia ana e te taangata hei take matua o te mate pukupuku tonsil, ina koa i ngā tāngata taitamariki. Ko te rongo pai ko ngā mate pukupuku tonsil e pā ana ki te HPV he maha ngā wā he pai ake ngā hua maimoatanga.

Ko ngā take tūponotanga tawhito e noho tonu ana he mea nui:

• Te whakamahinga taaka roa i roto i tetahi ahua (sikereti, siga, taaka ngau)
• Te inu waipiro nui, ina koa ka whakauruhia ki te taaka
• Te tau, me te nuinga o ngā keehi e puta ana i ngā tāngata neke atu i te 50
• Ko te tane (he 3-4 wā te tūponotanga o ngā tāne ki te whanake i te mate pukupuku tonsil)
• Te horoi waha, te hauora niho rānei he kino

Ko ētahi take kaore i te noa ko te whakaū ki ētahi matū, te radiation rānei, he pūnaha ārai mate ngoikore, me te whakaaro pea he whakaaro nā te ira. Heoi, he mea nui kia mārama koe kaore te whai i ngā take tūponotanga e kī ana ka whanake pea koe i te mate pukupuku – he tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai ana i ngā take tūponotanga kaore e whanake i te mate.

Nō hea te haere ki te taakuta mō ngā tohu mate pukupuku tonsil?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te pāngia koe e ngā tohu korokoro tonu e roa atu i te rua wiki kaore he pai ake. He mea nui tēnei wā, no te mea ka mutu te nuinga o ngā mate korokoro noa me ngā āwangawanga i roto i tēnei wā.

Whakatauritea he whakatau i te wa poto ki te kitea e koe he korokoro mamae tonu me te uaua ki te horomi, ina koa ki te whai koe i te mamae taringa, te kohinga rānei i tou kaki. Ko ēnei whakakotahitanga o ngā tohu e hiahia ana ki te aromatawai ngaio ahakoa kaore e kitea he ngāwari.

Rapua te awhina hauora i te wa poto ki te pāngia koe e te uaua nui ki te horomi e ārai ana i a koe ki te kai, ki te inu rānei, te uaua ki te manawa, te toto rānei mai i tō waha, tō korokoro rānei. Ahakoa he iti rawa ēnei tohu, e hiahia ana rātou ki te aromatawai tere.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te kite i tō taakuta ahakoa kaore koe e tino mohio he nui te kino o ō tohu. Ka pai ake ngā kaiwhakarato hauora ki te aromatawai i ngā tohu e kore e puta he kino atu i te ngaro i te wā hei kite wawe me te maimoatanga.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ko te mārama ki ngā take tūponotanga ka āhei ai koe te whakatau whakamārama mō tō hauora, me te mohio ki te wā hei titiro atu ki ngā tohu. Heoi, kia mahara kaore te whai i ngā take tūponotanga e whakamana ana ka whanake koe i te mate pukupuku, ā, ka whanake tonu etahi tāngata kaore he take tūponotanga e mohiotia ana ki te mate.

Ko ngā take tūponotanga tino nui:

• Te mate HPV, ina koa ko ngā momo HPV-16 me te HPV-18
• Te whakamahinga taaka i tetahi momo, tae atu ki te whakakī me te taaka kore-whakakī
• Te inu waipiro nui (neke atu i te 3-4 inu ia rā)
• Ko te tane me te neke atu i te 50 tau
• Te maha o ngā hoa moepuku (ka whakapiki ake i te tūponotanga o te whakaū HPV)
• Te horoi waha he kino me te mate ngutu
• He pūnaha ārai mate ngoikore nā te mate, ngā rongoā rānei

Ko ētahi take ka taea te whakapiki ake i te tūponotanga ko te kai iti i ngā hua me ngā huawhenua, te whakaū radiation o mua ki te rohe o te matenga me te kaki, me ētahi āhuatanga ira. Ka taea hoki e te wāhi whenua te whai wāhi, me ngā reiti teitei e kitea ana i ētahi rohe nā ngā take oranga.

He mea tika te kōrero ko te pūkete tūponotanga mō te mate pukupuku tonsil kua huri haere. Ahakoa ko ngā take tawhito pēnei i te taaka me te waipiro tonu he mea nui, kei te piki haere ngā keehi e pā ana ki te HPV, ina koa i roto i ngā tāngata taitamariki, kaore e pā te hikareti.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ina kitea wawe te mate pukupuku tonsil, ka tika te maimoatanga, he maha ngā tāngata e whiwhi ana i ngā hua pai me ngā pānga roa iti. Heoi, pēnei i tetahi atu āhuatanga hauora nui, ka taea te raruraru mai i te mate pukupuku anō, te maimoatanga rānei.

Ko ngā raruraru mai i te mate pukupuku tonsil kaore i te maimoatia, te mate pukupuku tonu rānei ka uru ki:

• Te hora atu ki ngā pūtake lymph tata i te kaki
• Te hora atu ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te korokoro, te arero, te kauae rānei
• Te uaua ki te kai, te horomi, te kōrero rānei
• Te mamae roa i te korokoro, te kaki, ngā taringa rānei
• Te uaua ki te manawa ki te nui haere te mate pukupuku
• Ngā raruraru kai nā te uaua ki te kai

Ko ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te maimoatanga ka uru ki ngā huringa wa poto, roa rānei i te kōrero, te uaua ki te horomi, te waha maroke, ngā raruraru niho, me te kaki pakaru mai i te pokanga, te radiation rānei. Ka rongo etahi i te ngenge, ngā huringa kiri, ngā wero hinengaro rānei i te wa e maimoatia ana.

Ko te rongo whakamārama ko te maha o ngā pānga taha e pā ana ki te maimoatanga ka pai ake i te wā, ā, ka taea e ngā ratonga whakaora te awhina i a koe ki te whakarite ki ētahi atu huringa pumau. Ka mahi tahi tō rōpū hauora ki a koe hei whakaiti i ngā raruraru me te tautoko i tō ora i te tukanga katoa.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ahakoa kaore e taea e koe te whakakore i tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te mate pukupuku tonsil, he maha ngā mahi whai hua ka taea e koe te whakaiti i ō tūponotanga. Ko te nuinga o ēnei rautaki ka pai ake hoki tō hauora whānui i ngā huarahi maha.

Ko ngā rautaki aukati tino whai hua ko te whiwhi i te werohanga HPV ki te tika koe. Ko te werohanga he tino whai hua ina hoatuhia i mua i te whakaū ki te huaketo, he mea tūtohutia te nuinga mō ngā tamariki preteen, engari ka taea te whai hua mō ngā pakeke tae atu ki te 45 tau i ētahi wā.

Ko ngā whakarerekētanga oranga ka taea te awhina i te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga:

• Te karo i te taaka i roto i ngā momo katoa, te mutu rānei ki te whakamahi koe i tēnei wā
• Te whakaiti i te inu waipiro ki ngā taumata tika
• Te mahi i te taangata haumaru hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te hora o te HPV
• Te pupuri i te horoi waha pai me te horoi, te miro rānei
• Te kai i te kai e whai hua ana i ngā hua me ngā huawhenua
• Te whiwhi i ngā tirotiro niho me ngā horoi

Ki te mahi taangata koe, ko te kōrero whakatuwhera ki tō hoa mo te hauora taangata me te whiwhi i ngā whakamātautau mo ngā mate e horahia ana e te taangata ka taea te whai hua. Kia mahara he tino noa te HPV, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e whiwhi ana kaore e whanake i te mate pukupuku.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ko te whakatau i te mate pukupuku tonsil te nuinga o te tīmata me tō taakuta e tango ana i te hītori hauora taipitopito me te mahi i te whakamātautau tinana tino pai o tō waha, korokoro, kaki rānei. Ka ui rātou ki ō tohu, te roa o tō whai, me ētahi atu take tūponotanga pea.

I te whakamātautau tinana, ka titiro tō taakuta ki roto i tō waha me tō korokoro, pea ka whakamahi i te whakaata iti, te tirohanga ngawari rānei hei whiwhi i te tirohanga pai ake o ō tonsils me ngā rohe tata. Ka kitea hoki e rātou tō kaki mō ētahi pūtake lymph nui pea e whakaatu ana kua hora atu te mate pukupuku.

Ki te kitea e tō taakuta tetahi mea e awangawanga ana, ka tono pea rātou i ētahi atu whakamātautau:

• Biopsy hei tango i tetahi tauira kiko iti hei tirotiro i raro i te microscope
• Te tātaritanga CT, te MRI rānei hei whakatau i te rahi me te whānuitanga o te mate pukupuku
• Te tātaritanga PET hei tirotiro mena kua hora atu te mate pukupuku ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana
• Te whakamātautau HPV hei whakatau mena he HPV te mate pukupuku
• Ngā whakamātautau toto hei aromatawai i tō hauora whānui

Ko te biopsy te whakamātautau tino pai e whakamana ana kei te noho te mate pukupuku me te momo. Ka taea te mahi i tēnei mahi i roto i te tari o te taakuta me te anesthetic rohe, ahakoa i ētahi wā e hiahia ana ki te mahi manawanui poto.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te mate pukupuku tonsil e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā take maha, tae atu ki te wā o te mate pukupuku, tō wāhi, tō hauora whānui, me ō hiahia whaiaro. Ko te rongo pai ko te mate pukupuku tonsil he maha ngā wā ka pai te whakautu ki te maimoatanga, ina koa ka kitea wawe.

Ko ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga matua ko te pokanga, te rongoā radiation, me te chemotherapy, he maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana hei whakakotahitanga. Ka taea e te pokanga te tango i te tonsil e pāngia ana, me ngā pūtake lymph tata pea. Mō ngā mate pukupuku wā wawe, koinei pea te maimoatanga anake e hiahiatia ana.

Ka taea e tō mahere maimoatanga te whakauru ki:

• Te pokanga hei tango i te mate pukupuku me ngā pūtake lymph e pāngia ana
• Te rongoā radiation hei whakaeke i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku me ngā hihi kaha
• Te chemotherapy hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku puta noa i tō tinana
• Ngā rongoā whakaeke e whakaeke ana i ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te pūtau mate pukupuku
• Te immunotherapy hei awhina i tō pūnaha ārai mate ki te whawhai ki te mate pukupuku

Mō ngā mate pukupuku tino whanake, he maha ngā wā he tino whai hua te huarahi whakakotahitanga. Hei tauira, ka taea e koe te pokanga i muri i te rongoā radiation, te whiwhi rānei i te chemotherapy me te radiation tahi. Ko ngā mate pukupuku tonsil HPV-positive he maha ngā wā ka pai te whakautu ki te maimoatanga.

Ka mahi tahi tō rōpū hauora ki a koe hei whakawhanake i te mahere maimoatanga whaiaro e taurite ana i te whai hua me ngā whakaaro kounga o te ora. Ka whakamārama rātou i ia kōwhiringa tino pai, ka awhina i a koe ki te mārama ki te aha e tumanakohia ana i te wa e maimoatia ana.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tohu i te wa e maimoatia ana te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ko te whakahaere i ngā tohu me ngā pānga taha i te wa e maimoatia ana he wāhanga nui o tō mahere tiaki. Ka homai e tō rōpū hauora te aratohu motuhake, engari he maha ngā rautaki ka taea te awhina i a koe ki te pai ake te rongo i te wa e maimoatia ana.

Mō te mamae korokoro me te uaua ki te horomi, ka taea e ngā kai ngawari, ngā wai pāmahana rūma, me te karo i ngā kai kawa, te waikawa rānei te awhina. Me tango ngā rongoā mamae e tohua ana e tō taakuta kia rite ki te tohutohu hei pupuri i te mamae.

Ko ngā rautaki whakahaere mahi:

• Te kai i ngā kai iti, maha atu i ngā kai nui
• Te whakamahi i te humidifier hei pupuri i te hau makuku
• Te mahi i te tiaki waha ngawari me ngā hua kore-waipiro
• Te pupuri i te makuku me te wai, ngā wai kohua, me ngā inu kai
• Te whiwhi i te okioki me te moe tika
• Te mahi i ngā mahi whakakori ngawari kia rite ki te tūtohu a tō rōpū

Kaua e whakaroa ki te whakapiri atu ki tō rōpū hauora mō ētahi atu tohu, āwangawanga rānei. Ka taea e rātou te homai i ētahi atu rongoā, rautaki rānei hei awhina i te whakahaere i ngā raruraru motuhake. He maha ngā pokapū maimoatanga he kaiwhakaako kai, ngā kaimahi hapori, me ētahi atu tohunga ka taea te homai atu i te tautoko atu.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakatau taakuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō whakatau ka āhei ai koe te whakamahi pai i tō wā me tō kaiwhakarato hauora, me te whakarite kua whakautuhia ō āwangawanga katoa. Tīmatahia mā te tuhi i ō tohu katoa, te wā i tīmata ai, me te āhua o te huringa i te wā.

Hangaia he rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe i tēnei wā, tae atu ki ngā rongoā-ā-tauhokohoko, ngā huaora, me ngā tāpiri. Tāpiritia hoki ngā korero mō tō hītori hauora, tae atu ki ētahi mate pukupuku o mua, ngā pokanga, ngā mate nui rānei.

Ko ngā mea nui hei kawea mai, hei whakarite rānei:

• He rārangi o ō tohu me te wā i tīmata ai
• Ngā rongoā katoa o nāianei me ngā horoinga
• Ngā kāri inihua me te whakaū
• He rārangi o ngā pūrongo e hiahia ana koe ki te ui
• Ngā korero whakapā mō ētahi atu taakuta e kite ana koe
• He hoa, whānau rānei whakawhirinaki mō te tautoko

Whakaarohia te kawea mai i tetahi ki te whakatau mō te tautoko hinengaro me te awhina ki te mahara ki ngā korero nui. Ka taea te awhina atu tetahi atu tangata i reira, ina koa ki te whiwhi koe i ngā korero e awangawanga ana, ngā korero maimoatanga uaua rānei.

Kaua e wehi ki te ui i ngā pūrongo, ki te tono whakamārama rānei mō tetahi mea kaore koe e mārama. E hiahia ana tō kaiwhakarato hauora kia whakarite koe i ngā korero katoa e hiahia ana koe hei whakatau whakamārama mō tō tiaki.

He aha te tango matua mō te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ko te mea nui hei mahara mō te mate pukupuku tonsil ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga ka āhei ai te whiwhi i ngā hua pai mō te tokomaha o ngā tāngata. Ahakoa he wehi te whiwhi i te whakatau mate pukupuku, he maha ngā wā ka taea te whakaora i te mate pukupuku tonsil, ina koa ka kitea i ōna wā wawe.

Tirohia ngā tohu tonu e kore e pai ake i muri i te rua wiki, ina koa te korokoro mamae tonu, te uaua ki te horomi, ngā kohinga rānei i tō kaki. Kaore ēnei tohu e kī ana kei a koe te mate pukupuku, engari e hiahia ana rātou ki te aromatawai ngaio.

Ko ngā rautaki aukati pēnei i te karo i te taaka, te whakaiti i te waipiro, te mahi i te taangata haumaru, me te whiwhi i te werohanga HPV ina tika ka taea te whakaiti nui i tō tūponotanga. Ko te horoi waha pai me te tiaki niho noa he wāhanga nui hoki ki te pupuri i tō hauora waha whānui.

Ki te whakatauhia koe ki te mate pukupuku tonsil, kia mahara kaore koe e noho kotahi i tēnei haerenga. Ko ngā maimoatanga hou he tino whai hua, he iti ake te whakauru i mua, ā, kei te wātea ngā ratonga tautoko whānui hei awhina i a koe i te wa e maimoatia ana, e ora ana.

Ngā pūrongo e ui pinepinetia ana mō te mate pukupuku tonsil

He mate pukupuku tonsil tonu te HPV?

Kāo, ehara te mate pukupuku tonsil i te mate pukupuku HPV tonu, ahakoa kua waiho te HPV hei take matua i ngā tau tata nei. Ko ngā take tawhito pēnei i te taaka me te whakamahinga waipiro tonu e whakaatu ana i te wāhanga nui o ngā keehi. Ko ngā mate pukupuku tonsil HPV-positive he maha ngā wā he pai ake ngā hua maimoatanga, ā, ka puta ake i ngā tāngata taitamariki, kaore e pā te hikareti.

Ka taea te ora i te ora noa i muri i te maimoatanga mate pukupuku tonsil?

He tokomaha ngā tāngata e ora tonu ana i te ora roa, noa i muri i te maimoatanga mate pukupuku tonsil. Ahakoa ka rongo etahi i ngā pānga roa pēnei i ngā huringa i te kōrero, te horomi rānei, ka taea e ngā ratonga whakaora te awhina i a koe ki te whakarite. Ko te whānuitanga o ngā pānga roa e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā take pēnei i te wā o te mate pukupuku, te momo maimoatanga i whiwhi, me te whakautu whakaora takitahi.

E hohoro ana te hora o te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ka rerekē te mate pukupuku tonsil i te tere o te tipu me te hora. Ko ngā mate pukupuku HPV-positive he maha ngā wā ka tipu atu i ngā mea HPV-negative. Ka noho etahi i te rohe mō ngā marama, ā, ka taea e ētahi atu te hora atu ki ngā pūtake lymph tata tere. Koia te take me aromatawai wawe ngā tohu tonu e roa atu i te rua wiki.

He aha te reiti ora mō te mate pukupuku tonsil?

Ko ngā reiti ora mō te mate pukupuku tonsil he tino whakamārama, ina koa mō te mate pukupuku wā wawe me ngā mate pukupuku HPV-positive. Ka taea e ngā reiti ora rima tau te 80-90% neke atu rānei mō ngā mate pukupuku wā wawe. Heoi, ko ngā hua takitahi e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā take maha, tae atu ki te wā i te whakatau, te hauora whānui, me te whakautu ki te maimoatanga. Ka taea e tō taakuta te homai i ngā korero motuhake atu i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Me manukanuka ahau ki te pupuhi noa tetahi tonsil?

Ko tetahi tonsil pupuhi anake kaore e kī ana kei te mate pukupuku, no te mea ka taea tēnei te puta me ngā mate, ētahi atu āhuatanga pai rānei. Heoi, ki te mau tonu te pupuhi mo te neke atu i te rua wiki, ka whakauruhia ki ētahi atu tohu pēnei i te korokoro mamae tonu, te uaua ki te horomi rānei, ki te kite koe i ētahi kohinga, papatahi rānei, he mea tika kia aromatawaihia e te kaiwhakarato hauora mō te rangimarie o te ngākau.