He aha te Rōpū Whakaheke? Ngā Tohutohu, Ngā Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te rōpū whakaheke he raruraru o te ihu o te ngakau e raru ai te ora, kei reira ngā ruma o raro o tō ngakau e wiri haere ana i te kore e pupuhi tika te toto. Ko te tikanga tenei kaore e taea e tō ngakau te tuku toto whai-hākari-waiora ki tō roro me ētahi atu tūmomo nui. He āwangawanga hauora tēnei e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga wawe, engari ko te mārama ki a ia ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te kite i ngā tohu me te mohio ki te aha e tatari ana.

He aha te Rōpū Whakaheke?

Ka puta te rōpū whakaheke ina kore rawa ngā tohu hiko i roto i ngā ventricles o tō ngakau e whakarite. Whakaarohia te ihu noa o tō ngakau me te oroketere pai te whakarite, engari i te rōpū whakaheke, kei te takaro ia kaitākaro i tētahi waiata rerekē i te wā kotahi.

E whā ngā ruma o tō ngakau, ā, ko ngā rua o raro e kiia nei ko ngā ventricles e pēhi tahi ana hei pupuhi i te toto ki tō tinana. I te wā o te rōpū whakaheke, ka wiri noa enei ruma i te tere me te kore whakarite, tata ki te 300 i ia meneti. Ko te tikanga o tēnei wiri kore whakarite kaore he pupuhi pai e puta.

Me te kore o te rere toto tika, kaore ngā roro me ētahi atu tūmomo e whiwhi i te hākari-waiora e hiahia ana rātou. I roto i ngā meneti, ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te mutu o te ngakau me te mate ki te kore e maimoatia wawe. Ko te rongo pai ko te mahi tere me te defibrillation ka taea te whakahoki i te ihu noa o te ngakau.

He aha ngā Tohutohu o te Rōpū Whakaheke?

Ko te rōpū whakaheke te tikanga ka taka tūturu te tangata, nā te mea ka mutu te pupuhi toto a tō ngakau. Ka puta ngā tohu i roto i ngā hēkona ka tere te haere.

Ko ngā tohu tuatahi ka kite pea koe:

• Te ngaro tūturu o te mohio, te ngāwari rānei
• Kaore he pupuhi e kitea
• Te mutu o te manawa, te ngau rānei mō te hau
• Te mamae o te uma i mua i te taka
• Te pupuhi tere, ngoikore e ngaro wawe ana

I etahi wā, ka puta ngā tohu whakatūpato i te haora i mua i te puta mai o te rōpū whakaheke. Ko ēnei tohu wawe pea ko te kore ngāwari o te uma, te poto o te manawa, te ruaki, te māuiui rānei. Heoi, he tokomaha kaore e kite i ngā tohu whakatūpato.

He mea nui kia mārama koe, ina timata te rōpū whakaheke, ka ngaro te mohio o te tangata i roto i ngā 10-15 hēkona. Koinei te mea e rerekē ai i ētahi atu āhuatanga o te ngakau kei reira ngā tohu e haere mā te wā.

He aha ngā Take o te Rōpū Whakaheke?

Ko te rōpū whakaheke te tikanga ka puta mai i ngā raruraru ki te pūnaha hiko o tō ngakau, te tikanga ka whakaohohia e te mate ngakau kei raro. Kei te whakawhirinaki tō ngakau ki ngā tohu hiko tika hei whakarite i ia whiti o te ngakau, ā, ina pakaru tēnei pūnaha, ka taea te whakawhanake i ngā ihu kino.

Ko ngā take tino noa:

• Te whakaeke o te ngakau (te whakaoho tino noa)
• Te mate o te oko koroni
• Te cardiomyopathy (te uaua ngakau nui, te mātotoru rānei)
• Ngā raruraru o te waahanga ngakau
• Ngā hapa o te ngakau whānau
• Te pokanga ngakau o mua

Ko ngā take iti ake engari he mea nui ka uru atu ngā koretake o te uaua, ina koa ngā taumata iti o te pāhare pāporo, te mānihiuma rānei. Ko ngā nui o te rongoā, ina koa mai i te cocaine, te rongoā rānei, ka taea te whakaoho i te rōpū whakaheke. Ko te whakakiki hiko, te pēnei, te hypothermia kino hoki he whakaoho onge engari he kino.

I etahi wā, ka puta te rōpū whakaheke ki ngā tāngata he ngakau noa te hanganga. Ka puta pea tenei nā ngā āhuatanga ira e pā ana ki te pūnaha hiko o te ngakau, penei i te mate Brugada, te roa o te mate QT rānei.

Nōhea te Tiro ki te Taakuta mō te Rōpū Whakaheke?

He āwangawanga hauora tonu te rōpū whakaheke e hiahia ana ki te tiaki āwangawanga wawe. Ki te taka tūturu tētahi kaore e manawa noa, waea atu ki te 111 tika tonu ka tīmata i te CPR ki te whakangungua koe.

Me rapu āwangawanga hauora wawe koe ki te wheako koe i:

• Te mamae o te uma tūturu me te werawera me te poto o te manawa
• Ngā wā ngāwari, ina koa i te wā e whakakori ana
• Te pupuhi tere, kore whakarite me te māuiui
• Te kore ngāwari o te uma kino kaore e pai ake me te okioki

Kaua e tatari kia pai ake ngā tohu. Ko ngā āwangawanga o te ihu o te ngakau e hiahia ana ki te whakauru hauora ngaio i roto i ngā meneti hei aukati i te kino pumau, te mate rānei.

Ki te whai koe i te hītori whānau o te mate ngakau tūturu, te mate ngakau rānei e mohiotia ana, kōrerohia ō tūmomo raru ki tō taakuta i ngā tirotiro noa. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki ngā tohu whakatūpato me te hanga i tētahi mahere mahi āwangawanga.

He aha ngā Tūmomo Raru mō te Rōpū Whakaheke?

Ko te raruraru matua o te rōpū whakaheke ko te mate ngakau tūturu, e puta ana ina mutu te pupuhi toto a te ngakau. Me te kore o te maimoatanga wawe, ko tēnei āhuatanga he mea mate i roto i ngā meneti.

Ahakoa te whakaora angitu, ka taea te whakawhanake i ngā raruraru mai i te wā kaore ngā tūmomo i whiwhi i te hākari-waiora:

• Te kino o te roro mai i te kore o te hākari-waiora
• Ngā raruraru mahara, te whakapohehe rānei
• Te kino o te whatukuhu
• Ngā raruraru ate
• Te kino o ētahi atu tūmomo

Ko te roa o te noho o te tangata i te rōpū whakaheke i mua i te maimoatanga, ko te nui ake o te raru o ngā raruraru pumau. Ka tīmata ngā pūtau roro ki te mate i roto i ngā 4-6 meneti me te kore hākari-waiora, ko te take tenei i nui ai te CPR me te defibrillation wawe.

Ko ētahi o ngā tāngata e ora ana i te rōpū whakaheke pea ka wheako i te awangawanga, te pouri rānei i muri mai. He whakautu noa tēnei ki te ora mai i tētahi āwangawanga e raru ai te ora, ā, ka taea te tino āwhina i ngā rōpū tohutohu, ngā rōpū tautoko rānei i te wā e ora ana.

Me pēhea te aukati i te Rōpū Whakaheke?

Ko te huarahi pai ki te aukati i te rōpū whakaheke ko te pupuri i te hauora ngakau pai me te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga e whakanui ana i tō raru. Ahakoa kaore e taea e koe te aukati i ngā take katoa, he maha ngā tūmomo raru kei roto i tō mana.

Ko ngā rautaki aukati matua:

• Te whakahaere i te toto teitei me te cholesterol
• Te whakahaere pai i te mate huka
• Te mutu i te kai hikareti
• Te pupuri i te taumaha hauora
• Te whakakori noa i te mea kua whakaaetia e tō taakuta
• Te whakaiti i te inu waipiro
• Te tango i ngā rongoā ngakau kua tohua e rite ana ki te aratohu

Ki te whai koe i te mate o te oko koroni, te ora rānei mai i te whakaeke o te ngakau, pea ka tūtohu tō taakuta i ngā rongoā penei i ngā beta-blockers, ngā ACE inhibitors rānei hei whakaiti i tō raru. Ko ētahi o ngā tāngata kei te raru nui pea ka whai hua mai i te implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).

He mea nui ngā tirotiro hauora noa, ina koa ki te whai koe i te mate ngakau, te hītori whānau kaha rānei o ngā raruraru ngakau. Ka taea e tō taakuta te aroturuki i tō hauora ngakau me te whakarite i ngā maimoatanga e tika ana hei pupuri i tō raru kia iti rawa.

Me pēhea te Whakatau i te Rōpū Whakaheke?

Ka whakatauhia te rōpū whakaheke mā te electrocardiogram (EKG), e tuhi ana i te mahi hiko o tō ngakau. I te wā o te āwangawanga, ka whakaatu tēnei whakamātautau i ngā ngaru kore whakarite, tere, te tikanga o te ihu o te ngakau.

I ngā āwangawanga, ka tere te whakatau mā te:

• EKG e whakaatu ana i ngā ngaru kore whakarite, tere
• Te tirotiro i te pupuhi me te mohio
• Te kite i ngā tohu penei i te taka me te mutu o te manawa

I muri i te whakaora angitu, ka whakahaere ngā taakuta i ētahi atu whakamātautau hei kimi i te take kei raro. Ka uru pea ēnei ki ngā whakamātautau toto hei tirotiro i te kino o te ngakau, ngā X-rays uma, me te echocardiogram hei tirotiro i te hanganga me te mahi o tō ngakau.

Ki te raru koe mō te rōpū whakaheke, pea ka whakamahi tō taakuta i te aroturuki ngakau tonu, ngā whakamātautau ahotea rānei i ngā tirotiro noa. Ka taea e ēnei mahi aukati te hopu i ngā raruraru ihu kino i mua i te riro hei āwangawanga e raru ai te ora.

He aha te Maimoatanga mō te Rōpū Whakaheke?

Ko te defibrillation wawe te maimoatanga tino whai hua mō te rōpū whakaheke. Ko te tikanga tenei o te tuku i te whakakiki hiko ki tō ngakau hei whakahoki i tōna ihu ki te noa. Ko ia meneti e kore e defibrillated, ka whakaiti i ngā tūmanako ora e 10%.

Ko te maimoatanga āwangawanga:

• CPR hei pupuri i te rere toto tae noa ki te defibrillation
• Te defibrillation hiko hei whakahoki i te ihu noa
• Ngā rongoā penei i te epinephrine, te amiodarone rānei
• Te whakahaere huarahi hauora matatau
• Ngā wai IV me te tautoko hākari-waiora

I muri i te whakaora angitu, ka aro te maimoatanga ki te aukati i ngā wāhanga o muri. Ka uru pea tenei ki ngā rongoā hei whakarite i tō ihu ngakau, ngā mahi hei whakatuwhera i ngā oko kua ārai, te pokanga rānei hei whakatika i te uaua ngakau kua pakaru.

Mō ngā tāngata kei te raru nui o te rōpū whakaheke e hoki mai ana, ka tūtohu ngā taakuta i te implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Ko tēnei taputapu iti e aroturuki tonu ana i tō ihu ngakau ka tuku aunoa i te whakakiki ki te puta mai ngā ihu kino.

Me pēhea te tango i te maimoatanga kāinga i te wā e ora ana mai i te rōpū whakaheke?

Ko te ora mai i te rōpū whakaheke ka aro ki te aukati i ngā wāhanga o muri me te hanga hou i tō kaha. Ka hanga tō taakuta i tētahi mahere whaiaro e pā ana ki te take i puta ai tō āhuatanga me tō hauora whānui.

Ko ngā āhuatanga nui o te tiaki kāinga:

• Te tango i ngā rongoā kua tohua katoa e rite ana ki te aratohu
• Te whai i te kai hauora ngakau iti i te tote me te ngako makariri
• Te whakanui haere i te mahi tinana e rite ana ki te whakaae a tō taakuta
• Te aroturuki i ō tohu me te ripoata i ngā huringa
• Te haere ki ngā huihuinga whai muri katoa

Ki te whai koe i te ICD, me ako koe ki te noho me tēnei taputapu. Ka uru atu tenei ki te karo i ngā mara hiko kaha, te mau i te kāri whakaatu, me te mohio ki te aha me mahi ki te whakahohe te taputapu.

Ko te tautoko hinengaro he mea nui ano i te wā e ora ana. He tokomaha o ngā kaiora e wheako ana i te awangawanga mō ngā wāhanga o muri, ā, ka taea e ngā rōpū tohutohu, ngā rōpū tautoko rānei te āwhina i a koe ki te tukatuka i ēnei ngāwari me te whakawhanake i ngā rautaki whakahaere.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taakuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō huihuinga ka āwhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te tiaki whānui rawa. Kawe mai ngā korero taipitopito mō tō hītori hauora me ngā tohu o nāianei, ahakoa he iti noa pea.

I mua i tō haerenga, kohikohia:

• Rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri o nāianei
• Te hītori whānau o te mate ngakau, te mate tūturu rānei
• Ngā kōrero mō ngā tohu katoa kua wheakohia e koe
• Ngā rēkōta hauora o mua me ngā hua whakamātautau
• Rārangi o ngā pūrongo e hiahia ana koe ki te ui

Kaua e whakaroa ki te kawe mai i tētahi mema whānau, hoa rānei hei tautoko, ina koa ki te awangawanga koe mō tō āhuatanga. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā korero nui me te whakarato tautoko hinengaro i te wā o te huihuinga.

Tuhia ō pūrongo i mua kia kaua e wareware. Ko ngā pūrongo noa pea ko te uiui mō ō tūmomo raru motuhake, ngā whiringa maimoatanga, ngā huringa noho, me ngā tohu whakatūpato hei titiro atu.

He aha te mea nui mō te Rōpū Whakaheke?

He āwangawanga hauora ngakau kino engari ka taea te whakaora te rōpū whakaheke e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora wawe. Ahakoa he mea wehi te whakaaro ki a ia, ko te mārama ki tēnei āhuatanga ka manaaki i a koe ki te kite i ngā tohu whakatūpato me te tango i ngā mahi aukati.

Ko te mea nui rawa kia mahara ko te mahi tere e whakaora ana i ngā ora. Ki te taka tūturu tētahi, waea atu ki te 111 tika tonu ka tīmata i te CPR ki te whakangungua koe. Ko te tiaki āwangawanga hou me te defibrillation ka taea te whakahoki i te ihu noa o te ngakau ina tīmata te maimoatanga wawe.

Mō te aukati, arotahi ki te pupuri i te hauora ngakau pai mā te tiaki hauora noa, ngā whiringa noho hauora, me te whakahaere tika i ngā āhuatanga penei i te toto teitei me te mate huka. He tokomaha o ngā tāngata e ora ana i te rōpū whakaheke e haere tonu ana ki te noho ora, mahi kaha me te maimoatanga tika me te tiaki whai muri.

Ngā Pūrongo Nui e ui ana mō te Rōpū Whakaheke

Ka taea te ora mai i te rōpū whakaheke?

Ae, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e ora ana mai i te rōpū whakaheke ina whiwhi rātou i te maimoatanga wawe. Ko te matua ko te whiwhi defibrillation i roto i ngā meneti tuatahi. Ko ngā reiti ora teitei rawa ina tīmata ngā kaiāwhina i te CPR tika tonu ka tere te taenga mai o ngā ratonga hauora āwangawanga. Me te maimoatanga tika me te tiaki whai muri, ka hoki mai he tokomaha o ngā kaiora ki ngā mahi noa.

He rite te rōpū whakaheke ki te whakaeke o te ngakau?

Kāo, he āhuatanga rerekē rāua, ahakoa ka hono pea. Ka puta te whakaeke o te ngakau ina ārai te rere toto ki tētahi wāhanga o te uaua ngakau. Ko te rōpū whakaheke he raruraru ki te pūnaha hiko o tō ngakau e puta ai ngā ihu kore whakarite. Heoi, ka taea e ngā whakaeke o te ngakau te whakaoho i te rōpū whakaheke, ko te take tenei he āwangawanga kino ngā mea e rua.

E hā roa te ora taea e koe me te rōpū whakaheke?

Me te kore maimoatanga, he mea mate te rōpū whakaheke i roto i ngā meneti, nā te mea kaore e taea e tō ngakau te pupuhi toto tika. Heoi, me te defibrillation wawe me te tiaki hauora tika, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e ora ana ka taea te ora i ngā tau ora noa. Ko te matua ko te whiwhi maimoatanga i te tere rawa i muri i te tīmatanga o te āhuatanga.

Me pēhea te āhua o te rōpū whakaheke?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata ka ngaro te mohio i roto i ngā 10-15 hēkona i te tīmatanga o te rōpū whakaheke, na reira kaore rātou e mahara nui ki te āhua o te wheako. Ko ētahi o ngā tāngata e wheako ana i te mamae o te uma, te māuiui, te poto rānei o te manawa i mua i te taka, engari he tokomaha kaore he tohu whakatūpato. Ko te take tenei i kiia ai he "mate ngakau tūturu".

Ka taea e te ahotea te whakaoho i te rōpū whakaheke?

Ahakoa ko te ahotea hinengaro, tinana rānei anake kaore e whakaoho i te rōpū whakaheke i roto i ngā ngakau hauora, ka taea e te ahotea kino te whakaoho i a ia i roto i ngā tāngata he mate ngakau kei raro. Ka pā te ahotea ki tō ihu ngakau, ā, pea ka āwhina ki ngā āhuatanga penei i ngā whakaeke o te ngakau ka taea te arahi ki te rōpū whakaheke. Ko te whakahaere i te ahotea mā ngā tikanga whakamahinga me te whakakori noa ka taea te wāhanga o te hauora ngakau whānui.