He aha te Rutunga Vesicoureteral? Ngā Tōmhānga, Ngā Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ka puta te rutunga vesicoureteral ina hoki whakamuri te mimi i tō pūngāwerewere ki ngā pūkaha e hono ana i ō whatukuhu ki tō pūngāwerewere. Whakaarohia he huarahi kotahi te tiriti kei te tīmata te waka te haere ki te ara he. Ko te tikanga nei te nuinga i ngā pepeha me ngā tamariki taitamariki, ahakoa ka pā ki te tangata o tetahi tau.

Ka puta te āhuatanga nā te mea kaore te mahi tika o te pūnaha waahanga-rite kei hea te hononga o tō ureter ki tō pūngāwerewere. I roto i te pūnaha mimi hauora, ka rere te mimi i ō whatukuhu i raro i ngā pūkaha e kiia nei he ureters ki tō pūngāwerewere, katahi ka puta atu i tō tinana. Ina he rutunga vesicoureteral koe, ka hoki ake etahi o taua mimi ki ō whatukuhu kaua ki te noho i roto i tō pūngāwerewere.

He aha ngā tōmhānga o te rutunga vesicoureteral?

He tokomaha ngā tāngata he rutunga vesicoureteral kei a rātou kaore e wheako i tetahi tōmhānga, inā te ngawari o te āhuatanga. Ina puta mai ngā tōmhānga, he mea hono rātou ki ngā mate huaketo o te ara mimi, ka puta ake te maha ina hoki whakamuri te mimi.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa ka taea te whakaatu i te rutunga vesicoureteral, inā mo ngā tamariki:

• Ngā mate huaketo o te ara mimi maha me te kirika
• Te tahuritanga, te wera rānei ina mimi
• Te hiahia nui ki te mimi, te mimi maha rānei
• Ngā aituā makuku i ngā tamariki kua whakangungua ki te wharepaku
• Te mimi kapua, te kakara kaha rānei
• Te mamae o te kopu, te taha rānei
• Te kōpū kōpū, te uaua rānei ki ngā nekehanga o te kopū

I ngā pepeha me ngā tamariki tino taitamariki, ka taea e koe te kite i te riri, te whāngai kino, te kirika rānei kaore i te marama. Kaore ēnei tamariki iti e taea te kōrero ki a koe he aha te mea e awangawanga ana i a rātou, no reira ko ngā kirika hoki kaore he take marama e aki ana i ngā tākuta ki te tirotiro i ngā take mimi.

Ko ētahi tamariki e pā ana te mate reflux nui atu ki a rātou, e pāngia ana pea e te toto teitei, kāore rānei e tipu pai. Ko ēnei tohu e puta ana i te nuinga o te wā, ina kua roa te mate, ā, kua tīmata te pānga ki te mahi o te whatukuhu.

He aha ngā momo reflux vesicoureteral?

Ka wehewehea e ngā tākuta te reflux vesicoureteral ki ngā taumata e rima, e whakaatu ana i te tawhiti o te mimi e hoki whakamuri ana, me te nui o te pānga ki te pūnaha mimi. Ko te Taumata 1 te iti rawa, ko te Taumata 5 te nui rawa.

I roto i te reflux Taumata 1, ka hoki te mimi ki tetahi wāhanga o te ureter. Ko te Taumata 2 te tikanga ka tae te mimi ki te whatukuhu, engari kāore e pupū. Ko te Taumata 3 e pā ana ki te pupū iti o te pūnaha kohikohi o te whatukuhu.

Ko te reflux Taumata 4 e pā ana ki te pupū o te reo, me te whakaheke i ngā kokonga koi o te whatukuhu. Ko te Taumata 5 te tino kino, me te pupū nui me ngā huringa nui ki te hanganga o te whatukuhu. Ko ngā taumata teitei ake he nui ake te tūpono o te kino o te whatukuhu, ā, e hiahiatia ana te rongoā nui ake.

E rua hoki ngā momo matua e whakaatu ana i te wā e whanake ana te mate. Ko te reflux vesicoureteral matua kei te noho mai i te whānau, nā te poto o te ureter, kāore rānei i te pai te hono o te ureter ki te pūngāwerewere. Ko te reflux tuarua e whanake ana i muri mai, nā te aukati, ngā mate, kāore rānei i ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te rere o te mimi.

He aha ngā take o te reflux vesicoureteral?

Ko te nuinga o ngā take o te reflux vesicoureteral e puta ana i te whanaketanga o te pūnaha mimi o te tamaiti i mua i te whānau. Ko te pūnaha waahanga kei te tutaki o te ureter me te pūngāwerewere pea kāore i hanga tika, e hanga ana i te huarahi mō te mimi kia hoki whakamuri.

I roto i te reflux matua, ka tomo te ureter ki te pūngāwerewere i te kokonga koretake, kāore rānei i te poto rawa te rua i roto i te pakitara o te pūngāwerewere. Ko te tikanga, kāore te pūnaha waahanga taiao e kati tika ina kī te pūngāwerewere ki te mimi. I te tipu o ngā tamariki, ka roa ake ngā ureters, ka pai ake te kokonga, koia te take i whakatau ai te nuinga o ngā take i a rātou anō.

Ka puta te reflux tuarua ina mutu te rere o te mimi, te aukati rānei i te rere o te mimi noa. Ko ēnei ngā take matua e āhei ana te arahi ki tēnei momo:

• Te koretake o te pūkahukahu, te kaha rawa rānei o ngā uaua o te pūkahukahu
• Te mate pūkahukahu pinepine e pēhi ana i te pūkahukahu
• Te pūkahukahu neurogenic mai i ngā raruraru o te tūāpapa o te tuaiwi
• Ngā rerekētanga hanganga penei i ngā ureters rua
• Ngā mate pūkahukahu nui e pāngia ana e te pupuhi
• Ngā kōhatu whatukuhu, ētahi atu rānei aukati
• Te pokanga o mua i te pūnaha mimi

I etahi wa ka puta te reflux i roto i nga whanau, te whakaatu mai kei te whai waahi pea te ira. Ki tetahi tamaiti he reflux vesicoureteral, kei te 25-30% te tupono o nga teina ki te whiwhi ano hoki. Ko tenei hononga whanau te take i taunaki ai nga taakuta i te tirotiro i nga teina me nga tuahine o nga tamariki e pa ana.

Ko etahi raau taero, etahi tikanga hauora ranei ka taea te whakaiti i te reflux. Ko te rongo pai ko enei keehi te nuinga o te wa ka pai ake ina whakatikahia te take.

Nōhea te haere ki te taakuta mō te reflux vesicoureteral?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō taakuta ki te mate pūkahukahu o tō tamaiti, ina koa ki te haere mai rātou me te kirika. Āta whakarongohia tetahi UTI i roto i te tamaiti iti i raro iho i te 2 tau te pakeke, i te mea he nui ake te tūponotanga o tenei roopu pakeke ki te whakauru whatukuhu.

Waea atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te kite koe i ngā tohu o te mate pūkahukahu kaore i pai ake te rongoā, ka hoki mai rānei. Ka uru pea ēnei ki te kirika, te mamae i te wā e mimi ana, te mimi pinepine, te mimi kakara rānei.

Rapua te awhina hauora tere ina whāiti te kirika o tō tamaiti me te mamae o te tuara, o te taha rānei, i te mea ka taea e tēnei te tohu i te mate whatukuhu. Ko ētahi atu tohu āwangawanga ko te mamae o te kopu nui, te ruaki me te kirika, te tohu rānei o te ngaungaue penei i te iti o te mimi, te ngākau nui rānei i ngā pepeke.

Mō ngā tamariki pakeke me ngā pakeke, tirohia te taote ki te pāngia koe e ngā UTI ngātahi, te toto i roto i tō mimi, te mamae o te tuara e kore e mutu. Ahakoa he iti te tūponotanga o te reflux vesicoureteral i roto i ngā pakeke, ka taea tonu te puta me te hiahia kia whakamātau tika.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te reflux vesicoureteral?

He maha ngā take ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te whanaketanga o te reflux vesicoureteral, ahakoa ko te whai i ēnei take morearea kāo te tikanga ka whiwhi koe i te mate. Ko te mārama ki a rātou ka āwhina i ngā whānau kia mōhio ki te wā hei tiaki atu mō ngā tohu.

Ko te tau te take morearea nui rawa atu, me te tino noho o te mate i roto i ngā pēpi me ngā tamariki iti. Ka pā atu ngā kōhine i te nuinga atu i ngā tama, ā, kāore i te tau tuatahi o te ora ka nui ake te nui o ngā tama. Ko te hanganga o te wahine, me te urethra poto ake, ka āhei pea ki te maha atu o ngā mate huaketo mimi ka taea te whakaatu i te reflux kei raro.

He mahi nui te hītori whānau ki te morearea. Ki te mea he matua i whanau mai te reflux vesicoureteral hei tamaiti, kei a rātou tamariki te tūponotanga o te 25% o te whai i te mea ano. Kei a ngā teina o ngā tamariki e pā ana te morearea nui ake, koia te take i tūtohu ai ngā taote ki te whakamātau i ngā mema o te whānau.

Ka taea e ētahi āhuatanga hauora te piki ake i ngā take morearea:

• Spina bifida, tetahi atu rerekētanga o te rōpū tuaiwi
• Ētahi atu kōroke kōroke, he hapa whānau o te ara mimi
• Te koretake o te kōroke, ngā raruraru o te kopu
• Te koretake o te putea mimi, ngā raruraru o te whakamahinga
• Ngā pereti o muri o te urethra i roto i ngā tama
• Prune belly syndrome

Ko ngā āhuatanga whāinga penei i te iti o te mimi, te pupuri i te mimi mō ngā wā roa ka kaha ake te reflux kei te noho. Ko ētahi tamariki e roa rawa ana te tatari ki te whakamahi i te ruma, kāore rātou e whakapau katoa i ō rātou putea mimi, ka nui ake pea ō rātou raruraru ki te reflux.

He pānga ano te iwi me te momo ki te tūponotanga, ā, he maha ake te mate nei i ngā tamariki Pākehā, ā, he iti ake te tūponotanga i ngā tamariki African American. Kāohore i tino mōhiotia ngā take o ēnei rerekētanga, engari pea e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga ira e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o te ara mimi.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te reflux vesicoureteral?

Ko te take matua o te reflux vesicoureteral ko te kaha te arai i te pakaru o te whatukuhu i te roa, ina koa ki te maha ngā mate mimi. Ka hoki te mimi e mau ana i ngā pūtau ki te whatukuhu, ka taea te pā te mate ka whakapohehe i te kiko whatukuhu.

Ko te whakapohehe whatukuhu, e kiia ana hoki ko te nephropathy reflux, ko te raruraru tino nui. Ka pā tēnei whakapohehe ki te pai o te kākahu o ō whatukuhu i te paru me te pupuri i te toto tika. I roto i ngā take kino, pea ka arahi ki te mate whatukuhu roa, ahakoa he iti rawa tēnei me te tiaki hauora tika.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru matua ka puta mai me te reflux vesicoureteral kore i te rongoa, te kino rānei:

• Ngā mate mimi maha
• Te whakapohehe whatukuhu me te kino pumau
• Te toto teitei (hypertension)
• Pūmua i roto i te mimi
• Te mate whatukuhu roa
• Te korenga o te whatukuhu i roto i ngā take kino, onge
• Ngā raruraru tipu i ngā tamariki me te whakauru whatukuhu kino

Ko te rongo pai, me te mataara me te rongoa tika, ka karo te nuinga o ngā tamariki me te reflux vesicoureteral i ngā raruraru kino. Ka mutu noa ngā take ngawari i te tipu o ngā tamariki, ā, ka taea te whakahaere pai ngā take waenga me te tiaki hauora.

Ka taea e te hapu te whakarato i ngā whakaaro motuhake mō ngā wāhine i whanau mai me te reflux vesicoureteral. Ahakoa ko te nuinga o ngā wāhine he hītori o te reflux he hapu noa, ko te hunga he whakapohehe whatukuhu pea ka hiahia ki te mataara tata mō te toto teitei, te rerekētanga rānei o te mahi whatukuhu.

Ko te tino ngoikore, te hoki whakamuri o ngā whatukuhu e rua (e pā ana ki ngā whatukuhu e rua) ka taea te arahi ki te kino nui o te whatukuhu e hiahia ana ki te dialysis, ki te whakawhiti rānei. Heoi, ko te taumata o ēnei raruraru kaore e tino kitea ina whiwhi ngā tamariki i te tiaki hauora tika me te whai i muri.

Me pēhea te aukati i te hoki whakamuri o te vesicoureteral?

Mai i te nuinga o te hoki whakamuri o te vesicoureteral kei te noho mai i te whānau na te whanaketanga o te pūnaha mimi, kaore he huarahi hei aukati i te ahua matua o tēnei āhuatanga. Heoi, ka taea e koe te tango i ngā mahi hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru me te hoki whakamuri tuarua.

Ko te rautaki aukati tino nui ko te karo i ngā mate pūnaha mimi, ka taea te whakaiti i te hoki whakamuri kei reira, kei te whakaoho rānei i te hoki whakamuri tuarua. Ko ngā tikanga wharepaku pai he mea nui ki te pupuri i te hauora o te pūnaha mimi.

Ko ēnei ngā mahi whakamahi ka taea te āwhina i te aukati i ngā raruraru:

• Whakatenatena te whakamahinga o te pūngāwerewere, te whakakī atu rānei
• Whakarite i te inu wai pai i ia rā
• Whakaora wawe me te whai hua i te kōpū kōpū
• Whakamahia te horoi pai o ngā wahine
• Horomia mai i mua ki muri i muri i te whakamahinga o te wharepaku
• Mimi wawe i muri i te mahi taangata (mō ngā taitamariki me ngā pakeke)
• Kaua e whakamahi i ngā kaukau pūpū me ngā haukū kaha ki te rohe o ngā wahine

Mō ngā whānau he hitori o te hoki whakamuri o te vesicoureteral, ka taea e te tirotiro wawe o ngā teina te āwhina i te kimi i te āhuatanga i mua i te whanaketanga o ngā raruraru. Ahakoa kaore e taea e koe te aukati i te hoki whakamuri anō, ko te hopu wawe ka taea te aroturuki pai me te maimoatanga.

Ko te whakaako i ngā tamariki i ngā tikanga whakamahinga hauora mai i te tamarikitanga he mea nui. Kei roto i ēnei te kore e pupuri i te mimi mō ngā wā roa, te tango i te wā hei whakakī i te pūngāwerewere katoa, me te pupuri i ngā nekehanga puku noa hei karo i te kōpū kōpū.

Mēnā kua whakamāramahia tō tamaiti he reflux vesicoureteral, ko te whai i te mahere maimoatanga a tō tākua te huarahi pai ki te aukati i ngā raruraru roa. Ā, pea ka uru atu ki ēnei: te inu i ngā rongoā aukati, te haere ki ngā whakamātautau whai muri, me te tirotiro i ngā tohu o ngā mate huakita o te ara mimi.

Pehea te whakamārama i te reflux vesicoureteral?

Ko te whakamārama i te reflux vesicoureteral te timatanga i te wā he mate huakita o te ara mimi ngātahi te tamaiti, te kite rānei i ngā tohu i ngā whakamātautau noa. Ka tīmata tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te hītori hauora taipitopito me te whakamātautau tinana.

Ko te whakamātautau matua e whakamahia ana ki te whakamārama i te reflux vesicoureteral ko te voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG). I roto i tēnei whakamātautau, ka whakauruhia he pūtuku iti ki te putea mimi mā te urethra, ā, ka whakamahia te tae whakapae ki te whakaki i te putea mimi. Ka tangohia ngā X-rays i te wā e mimi ana tō tamaiti ki te kite mena ka hoki te mimi ki ngā ureters.

Ahakoa ka rangona te VCUG he kore āta, he pai te manawanui, ā, ka homai te whakaahua marama o te reflux. Ka whakaatu ano te whakamātautau i te taumata o te reflux, e āwhina ana i tō tākua ki te whakatau i te huarahi maimoatanga pai.

Ngā whakamātautau atu pea ka tūtohutia e tō tākua:

• Te ultrasound whatukuhu ki te tirotiro i ngā raruraru hanganga
• Te karapa pūkaha (DMSA) ki te rapu i te whākāka whatukuhu
• Te whakawhanaketanga mimi ki te tirotiro i te mate kaha
• Ngā whakamātautau toto ki te aromatawai i te mahi whatukuhu
• Te ultrasound whakapakari-whakapae i ētahi wā

Mō ngā pēpi me ngā tamariki taitamariki, pea ka whakamahi ngā tākua i te whakamātautau rongoā pūkaha e kiia nei ko te cystogram pūkaha hei utu mō te VCUG. Ka whakamahia tēnei whakamātautau i te iti o te rauemi pūkaha hei utu mō ngā X-rays, ā, ka iti ake te kore āta mō ngā tamariki tino taitamariki.

Mēnā kua maha ngā UTIs a tō tamaiti, pea ka tūtohu tō tākua ki te whakamātautau ahakoa kaore ngā tohu ke e marama. He mea nui te whakamārama wawe, nā te mea ka taea te tirotiro me te maimoatanga i mua i te pakaru o te whatukuhu.

I etahi wā, ka kitea ngā mate reflux i te wā e whakamātau ana mō ētahi atu āhuatanga. He tino noa tēnei ina whai ngā tamariki i ngā whakamātau ultrasound mō ētahi atu take, ā, ka kite ngā tākua i ngā huringa i roto i ngā whatukuhu e whakaatu ana i te reflux pea.

He aha te rongoā mō te reflux vesicoureteral?

Ko te rongoā mō te reflux vesicoureteral e whakahaeretia ana e ngā take maha, tae atu ki te taumata o te reflux, te tau o tō tamaiti, te maha o ngā UTI e puta ana, me te mea kei reira te mate whatukuhu. Kāore te nuinga o ngā keehi ngawari e hiahia ana ki te rongoā mahi atu i te tirotiro ata.

Mō te reflux iti (taumata 1-2), ka tūtohutia e ngā tākua te tikanga "tatari me te titiro" me te tirotiro auau. Ka nui haere te maha o ngā tamariki e whakakore ana i te reflux ngawari i te wā e tupu ana ō rātou ureters, ā, ka pai ake te mahi o te waahanga tapatapa. I tēnei wā, ko te aukati i ngā mate pūnaha mimi te kaupapa matua.

Ko te aukati antibiotic te tikanga e whakamahia ana mō ngā tamariki e pā ana ki ngā UTI auau, ki ngā taumata teitei o te reflux rānei. Ka inu tō tamaiti i te rongoā iti o ngā antibiotics i ia rā hei aukati i te tipu o ngā pūtau i roto i te pūnaha mimi. Ko ngā antibiotics e whakamahia ana ko te trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, te nitrofurantoin rānei.

Ko ēnei ngā huarahi rongoā matua ka tūtohu pea tō tāku:

• Te tirotiro mahi me ngā tirotiro auau
• Ngā antibiotics iti i ia rā hei aukati
• Ngā tukanga whakauru iti
• Te whakatikatika pokanga (te whakatikatika ureteral)
• Te pokanga laparoscopic e awhinahia ana e te rōpū

Mō te reflux tūturu ki te kino e kore e pai ake, e tupu ai rānei ngā mate auau, pea ka hiahiatia te rongoā tukanga. Ko te whiringa iti rawa te whakauru i te rauemi whakanui tata ki te wahi e tomo atu ai te ureter ki te putea mimi. Ka hanga tēnei i te waahanga tapatapa pai ake, ā, ka oti hei tukanga manuhiri.

Ko te whakatikatika pokanga, e kiia nei ko te whakahounga o te ureter, e whakauru ana i te whakarereke i te tuunga o te ureter kia tomo ai ki te pūngāwerewere i te koki pai ake me te rua roa atu i roto i te pakitara o te pūngāwerewere. He tino teitei te angitu o tēnei pokanga, engari e hiahiatia ana te noho i te whare hauora me te wā whakaora.

Ka tukuna e te pokanga awhina-robotika nga hua pai rite tonu ki te pokanga tuwhera tawhito, engari me nga tapawha iti ake me te whakaora pea tere ake. Ka korero tō tākuta pokanga mō te huarahi pai rawa atu e whakaemi ana i te āhuatanga motuhake o tō tamaiti.

Ko te whakatau mō te wā e whai ai i te maimoatanga pokanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā take penei i ngā mate ka puta mai ahakoa te aukati antibiotic, te whākōkī whatukuhu, te manakohanga whānau, me te kaha o te tamaiti ki te whakamanawanui i te whakamahinga antibiotic roa.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te reflux vesicoureteral i te kāinga?

Ko te whakahaere i te reflux vesicoureteral i te kāinga e arotahi ana ki te aukati i ngā mate pūngāwerewere me te tautoko i te hauora pūngāwerewere whānui o tō tamaiti. Ka taea e ngā tikanga pai o ia rā te whakarereke nui ki te whakaiti i ngā raruraru me te awhina i tō tamaiti kia pai ake te ngāwari.

He mea nui ngā tikanga kaukau mō ngā tamariki e pangia ana e te reflux vesicoureteral. Whakatenatena tō tamaiti kia mimi tonu i te rā, kaua e pupuri mo ngā wā roa. Kia tino wātea te wā e tangohia ana e rātou ki te whakapau i tō rātou pūngāwerewere, i te mea ka waiho pea te mimi toenga e piki ake ai te tūponotanga o te mate.

Ko ēnei ngā rautaki whakahaere kāinga nui:

• Kia nui te inu wai i ia rā, ina koa te wai
• Whakaritea ngā wehenga kaukau ia 2-3 haora
• Whakatikahia te kōati i te wa tika me te kai me te wai
• Whakaritea te horoi pai o ngā wahine
• Aroturukihia ngā tohu o ngā mate pūngāwerewere
• Hoatu ngā rongoā antibiotic i whakaritea kia rite tonu ki te aratohu
• Tūhonohia tētahi raupapa tohu mena ka tūtohuhia e tō tākuta

He mea nui te wai i roto i te horoi i ngā pūtau mate mai i te pūnaha mimi. Whakatenatena tō tamaiti kia inu wai maha i te rā katoa, engari kia kaua e nui rawa te inu i mua o te moe mena he raruraru te mimi i te pō.

Ka kaha ake te reflux te mate pūkahukahu mā te whakapau i te pūngāwerewere, ā, ka pānga ki ngā tikanga mimi noa. Whakauruhia ngā kai whai muka ki te kai a tō tamaiti, ā, kia mōhio kua inu rātou i te wai nui. Ki te kore e mutu te mate pūkahukahu, kōrero atu ki tō tākuta mō ngā huarahi rongoā haumaru.

Titiro ki ngā tohu o mua o ngā mate pūnaha mimi, pēnei i te kirika, te mamae i te wā e mimi ana, te mimi pinepine, te rerekētanga rānei o te tae o te mimi, te kakara rānei. Ko te hopu i ngā mate i te wā e taea ai te rongoā tere, ā, ka ārai pea i te tae atu ki ngā whatukuhu.

Mena kei te inu to tamaiti i ngā rongoā aukati, hoatu ki a rātou i te wā kotahi i ia rā, ā, whakaotihia te akoranga katoa ahakoa kei te pai te ahua o tō tamaiti. Kaua rawa e ngaro ngā rāpoi, kaua hoki e mutu te rongoā me te kore e kōrero ki tō tākuta i mua.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui ki te tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō haerenga ki te tākuta ka āwhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te hua nui rawa atu i tō hui, ā, kaua e wareware ki ngā pātai nui, ki ngā kōrero rānei. Tīmata mā te tuhituhi i ngā tohu katoa kua kite koe, me te wā i puta ai.

Kia mau ki te puka kōrero ngāwari mō ngā tikanga kaukau a tō tamaiti, tae atu ki te maha o te mimi, te mamae, te kore rānei o te harikoa, me ngā tohu o ngā mate pea. Tūhonohia ngā wā kirika, ahakoa i te wā e kore e rite ki ngā tohu mimi.

Kawe mai ēnei mea nui ki tō hui:

• Rārangi o ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri o nāianei
• Tuhinga o ngā tohu hou me tō rā
• Ngā hua whakamātautau o mua me ngā rēkōti hauora
• Kāri inihua me te whakaatu i te tuakiri
• Rārangi o ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui
• Ngā korero whakapā mō ētahi atu tākuta e rongoā ana i tō tamaiti

Tuhia ō pūrongo i mua atu kia kaua e wareware i te wā o te whakarite. Ko ētahi pūrongo noa pea ka whai take ki te ui atu mō ngā ārai mahi, te wā hei karanga atu mō ngā tohu āwangawanga, te roa o te rongoā pea e hiahiatia ana.

Mēnā he pakeke tō tamaiti, whakauru atu rātou ki te whakarite i te whakarite. Whakamāramahia te aha ka puta i ngā kupu e tika ana mō te tau, ā, whakatenatena atu rātou ki te ui i ō rātou ake pūrongo. Ka āwhina tenei i a rātou kia pai ake te noho humarie, ā, kia whai wāhi ki ō rātou tiaki.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi mema whānau whakawhirinaki, i tētahi hoa rānei hei āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio i kōrerohia i te wā o te whakarite. Ka nui te āwangawanga o ngā haerenga hauora, ina koa ka kōrerohia ngā kōwhiringa rongoā, i ngā hua whakamātautau rānei.

Kia rite ki te kōrero mō te hītori hauora o tō whānau, ina koa ngā raruraru whatukuhu, ngā take arai mimi, i te reflux vesicoureteral rānei i ngā teina, i ngā mātua rānei. Ka āwhina ēnei mōhiohio i tō tākuta ki te aromatawai i ngā take morearea, ki te whakarite i ngā tiaki e tika ana.

He aha te mea nui mō te reflux vesicoureteral?

He āhua whakahaere te reflux vesicoureteral e āhei ana te pai ake i te āhua noa i te tipu haere o ngā tamariki. Ahakoa e hiahia ana ki te tirotiro, ki te rongoā rānei i etahi wā, ka ora tonu te nuinga o ngā tamariki e pangia ana e te reflux i ngā oranga noa, hauora, kaore hoki he raruraru roa.

Ko te mea nui rawa atu hei mahara ko te kite wawe me te tiaki hauora tika ka taea te aukati i ngā raruraru nui. Mā te whakawhitiwhiti korero pai ki tō rōpū hauora, me te aro ki te hauora mimi o tō tamaiti, ka taea e koe te āwhina i te whakarite i ngā hua pai rawa atu.

Ka mutu ake te maha o ngā take reflux ngawari i te wā e tae atu ana ngā tamariki ki te tau kura. Ahakoa ka hiahiatia te rongoā, he tino whai hua, he iti rawa hoki te whakauru o ngā kōwhiringa hauora me ngā mahi pokanga o nāianei i te wā o mua.

Kia kaha te ngākau, ā, kia mahara kei te takatū koe i tēnei āhuatanga. Kei konei tō rōpū hauora hei tautoko i a koe me tō tamaiti i ngā wa katoa, ā, mā te tiaki tika, e kore te reflux vesicoureteral e āhei te whakatau i ngā mahi a tō tamaiti, i te hauora o muri mai rānei.

Pātai auau mō te reflux vesicoureteral

Ka tupu ake rānei tō tamaiti i te reflux vesicoureteral?

He tokomaha ngā tamariki ka tupu ake i te reflux vesicoureteral ngawari ki te tūpono i te wā e pakeke haere ana rātou. I te wā e tupu ana tō tamaiti, ka roa ake ngā ureters, ā, ka pai ake te kōrero o te hononga ki te pūngāwerewere, ka hangaia ai te pūnaha wae pai ake. Ka whakaatu ngā rangahau ko te 80% pea o ngā tamariki he reflux tohu 1-2 te kitea he pai ake i roto i ngā tau 5. He iti ake te tupono o ngā tohu reflux teitei ake ki te whakatau i a rātou anō, engari ka taea tonu te whakapai ake. Ka tirotirohia e tō tākua te whakahaere o tō tamaiti mā ngā tirotiro me ngā whakamātautau auau kia kitea me pēhea te huringa o te reflux i te wā.

Ka taea e tō tamaiti te whakauru ki ngā mahi noa me ngā hākinakina?

Ka taea e ngā tamariki he reflux vesicoureteral te whakauru ki ngā mahi tamariki noa katoa, tae atu ki ngā hākinakina me te kaukau. E kore te āhuatanga anō e whakatau i te mahi tinana, ā, he mea nui te noho mahi mō te hauora katoa. Heoi, he mea nui kia mau te wai pai i te wā o ngā hākinakina, ā, kia whakatenatena ngā wā okioki i te wharepaku. Ki te inu rongoā aukati a tō tamaiti, kia mau tonu rātou ki te rongoā i te wā e whakaritea ana, ahakoa i ngā kaupapa mahi pīpī. Korero ki tō tākua mēnā he awangawanga tōu mō ngā mahi motuhake, engari e kore te nuinga o ngā tamariki e hiahia ki tetahi whakatau i ō rātou mahi o ia rā.

He mamae rānei te reflux vesicoureteral mō tō tamaiti?

Ko te reflux vesicoureteral ake ano e kore e tino mate. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki e pangia ana e te reflux ka tino noho pūmau i ia rā, ā, e kore rātou e mōhio kei a rātou te mate. Ko te mamae ka puta noa i te whakaurunga o te mate huaketo arai mimi, ka pāngia ai te mamae i te wā e mimi ana, te mamae o te kopu, te mamae rānei o te tuara. Ka raru pea etahi tamariki ki te iti o te mamae ki te tino ki tonu tō rātou pūngāwerewere, engari ehara i te mea tika mai i te reflux. Ki te amuamu tō tamaiti mō te mamae roa, ina koa me te kirika, whakapiri atu wawe ki tō tākuta, no te mea ka tohu pea tēnei i te mate e hiahia ana kia whakaora.

E hia te maha o ngā whakaritenga whai muri e hiahiatia ana e taku tamaiti?

Ka rerekē ngā kaupapa whai muri i runga i te taumata o te reflux me te āhuatanga motuhake o tō tamaiti. Ka hiahia pea ngā tamariki e pangia ana e te reflux ngawari ki ngā tirotiro i ia 6-12 marama, i te wā ka hiahia pea ngā tamariki e pangia ana e ngā taumata teitei ake, te maha rānei o ngā mate huaketo ki te aro turuki auau. Ko te whai muri noa atu ko ngā whakamātautau mimi hei tirotiro i ngā mate huaketo, ngā whakaahua ultrasound hei aroturuki i te tipu me te hauora o te whatukuhu, me ngā rangahau whakaahua whakahoki i ia wā hei tirotiro mena kei te pai haere te reflux. Ka hanga e tō tākuta he kaupapa whakarite e tūtohutia ana ki ngā hiahia o tō tamaiti. I waenganui i ngā whakaritenga, whakapiri atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te kite koe i ngā tohu o ngā mate huaketo arai mimi, tetahi atu tohu rānei e awangawanga ana.

I pangia rānei ētahi atu o aku tamariki e te reflux vesicoureteral?

He nui ake te tūponotanga ka pangia hoki ngā teina o te tamaiti e whai ana i te reflux vesicoureteral. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau kei te 25-30% te tūponotanga o ngā teina me ngā tuakana ki te pangia e te reflux, he nui atu i te taupori whānui. Koia te take i tūtohutia ai e te nuinga o ngā tākua te whakamātautau i ngā teina, ina koa ki te kōhungahunga rātou, ki te pangia rātou e ngā mate pūnaha mimi. Ko te tikanga o te whakamātautau ko te whakamahi i te ultrasound, me ētahi atu whakamātautau pea mēnā ka kitea ngā rerekētanga. Heoi, ehara i te tikanga ka pangia katoa ō tamariki mēnā ka pangia tētahi tamaiti e te reflux, ā, he maha ngā teina e ora tonu ana. Kōrerohia ngā tūtohu whakamātautau ki tō tākua e pā ana ki te āhuatanga motuhake o tō whānau.