He aha te Atropine-Homatropine-me-Scopolamine Ophthalmic: Ngā Whakamahinga, te Inenga, Ngā Pānga Taha me Ētahi Atu

Ko te Atropine, homatropine, me te scopolamine he rongoā kanohi nō te rōpū e kīia nei ko te anticholinergics, mydriatics rānei. Ka whānui tēnei rongoā kanohi i ō pūpū, ka whakangāwari i ngā uaua o roto i tō kanohi. Ka whakamahi ngā tākuta i ēnei rongoā i te wā o ngā whakamātautau kanohi me ētahi rongoā kanohi kia mārama ai te kite i roto i tō kanohi.

He aha te Atropine, Homatropine, me Scopolamine?

Ko ēnei rongoā e toru he rongoā anticholinergic e mahi ana i ō kanohi. Ka aukati i ētahi tohu io e pupuri ana i ō pūpū kia iti, ā, ka āwhina i tō kanohi ki te arotahi. Ki te aukatia ēnei tohu, ka nui ake ō pūpū, ā, ka whakaitihia te kaha o tō kanohi ki te arotahi.

He rerekē te kaha me te roa o te mahi o ia rongoā. Ko te Atropine te mea kaha rawa atu, te mea roa rawa atu te mahi, ko te homatropine kei waenganui, ā, ko te scopolamine te mea ngawari. Ka whiriwhiri tō tākuta kanohi i te mea tika i runga i te momo whakamātautau, rongoā rānei e hiahia ana koe.

He aha te Atropine, Homatropine, me Scopolamine e whakamahia ana?

He maha ngā kaupapa nui e mahia ana e ēnei rongoā kanohi i roto i te tiaki kanohi. Ko te whakamahinga noa iho ko te wā o ngā whakamātautau kanohi whānui, i te wā e hiahia ana tō tākuta ki te kite mārama i te tuara o tō kanohi. Ka whakamahia hoki ki te rongoā i ētahi āhuatanga kanohi me te āwhina i te whakaora i muri i ngā mahi kanohi.

Koinei ngā take nui e tohutohu ai tō tākuta i ēnei rongoā:

• Te whānui i ngā pūpū mō ngā whakamātautau kanohi whānui
• Te rongoā i te mumura i roto i te kanohi (uveitis)
• Te whakahaere i ētahi momo mamae kanohi
• Te ārai i ngā whakapiringa i muri i te pokanga kanohi
• Te ine i ngā tohutohu tika mō ngā karaihe i ngā tamariki
• Te rongoā i te amblyopia (kanohi mangere) i ētahi wā

Ka whakamārama tō tākuta kanohi te take e tūtohu ana rātou i ēnei pata mō tō āhuatanga motuhake. E whakawhirinaki ana te whiriwhiri ki te roa o te pānga e hiahiatia ana kia mau tonu, me te momo o te whakamātau, te rongoā rānei e whiwhi ana koe.

Me pēhea te mahi a ēnei rongoā kanohi?

E mahi ana ēnei rongoā mā te aukati i te acetylcholine, he karere matū i roto i tō pūnaha io. Ki te aukatia te acetylcholine i roto i tō kanohi, e rua ngā mea nui ka pā: ka whānui ō pūhihi (ka nui ake) me te whakangāwari o tō uaua ciliary.

Whakaarohia tō pūhihi hei āhua o te āputa o te kāmera. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakatika tōna rahi i runga i ngā taumata mārama me te mea e titiro ana koe. Ko ēnei rongoā e "mau" ana i te pūhihi i te tūnga whānui. I te wā kotahi, ka whakangāwari rātou i te uaua e huri ana i te āhua o tō arotahi mō te arotahi, koinei te take ka pāwera tō tirohanga, ina koa mō ngā mahi tata.

He rerekē te kaha o ēnei rongoā. Ko te Atropine te mea kaha rawa atu, ā, ka taea te pupuri i ō pūhihi kia whānui mō te rua wiki. Ko te Homatropine te nuinga e mau ana mō te 1-3 rā, i te mea ka ngaro te scopolamine i roto i te 3-7 rā.

Me pēhea taku whakamahi i ēnei pata kanohi?

Ka hoatu e tō tākuta ki a koe ngā tohutohu motuhake i runga i te rongoā e whakamahi ana koe me te take. I te nuinga o te wā, ka tono koe i ngā pata ki te kanohi, ki ngā kanohi rānei e pā ana ki te āhua i tohutohutia. Ko te nuinga o te tangata e whakamahi ana i ēnei pata 1-3 ngā wā ia rā, engari he rerekē tēnei i runga i tō āhua.

Anei te tikanga tika mō te tono pata kanohi:

1. Horoi pai ō ringa ki te hopi me te wai
2. Whakaangahia tō upoko ki muri, ka titiro ki te tuanui
3. Tōia marie iho tō kamo o raro kia hanga he pōkete iti
4. Kōpekehia te maha o ngā pata i tohutohutia ki roto i tēnei pōkete
5. Katia marie tō kanohi, ka pēhi māmā ki te kokonga o roto mō te 1-2 meneti
6. Aukati i te kimo kaha, i te mirimiri rānei i tō kanohi

Kaua rawa e pa atu te pito o te pūtu ki tō kanohi, kamo, ētahi atu rānei mea hei ārai i te whakapoke. Ki te whakamahi koe i ētahi atu rongoā kanohi, tatari kia 5 meneti i waenga i ngā momo taka rerekē.

Kia Pēhea te Roa e Whakamahi ana au i ēnei Rongoā?

E whakawhirinaki ana te roa ki te take e whakamahi ana koe i ēnei. Mō ngā whakamātautau kanohi, ka whakamahi koe i te kotahi anake i mua i tō tūpono. Mō te rongoā i ngā āhuatanga kanohi pērā i te uveitis, ka whakamahi pea koe i ēnei mō ētahi rā ki ngā wiki i raro i te tirotiro hauora tata.

Ka hoatu e tō tākuta ki a koe ngā tohutohu mārama mō te roa o te haere tonu o te rongoā. He mea nui kia whai i ā rātou tohutohu, ahakoa ka pai ake ō tohumate. Ko te whakamutu wawe rawa pea ka taea te hoki mai o te mumura, i te wā e whakamahi ana koe i ēnei mō te roa rawa ka puta he raruraru.

Kaua rawa e whakatika i te roa i runga i a koe anō. Ki te whai āwangawanga koe mō te roa o te whakamahi i ēnei taka, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta kanohi mō te ārahitanga.

He Aha ngā Pānga Kino?

Ka taea e ēnei rongoā te whakaputa i ētahi pānga kino, ko te nuinga he wā poto, e pā ana ki ā rātou pānga i whakaritea ki ō kanohi. Ko ngā pānga kino tino noa e pā ana ki te whānuitanga o te akonga me te ngaro o te kaha ki te arotahi.

Ngā pānga kino noa ka pā pea ki a koe ko:

• Te pāhoro o te tirohanga, ina koa mō te pānui me te mahi tata
• Te tairongo ki te mārama me te kanapa
• Te uaua ki te arotahi ki ngā mea tata
• Te riri kanohi ngawari, te wero rānei i muri i te tono
• Te nui haere o te roimata
• Te ānini mai i te pōkae kanohi

Ka puta pea ngā pānga kino nui ake engari he iti noa iho, ina koa ki te whakamahi roa, ki ngā tāngata tairongo rānei. Kei roto i ēnei ko te pēhanga kanohi nui ake, te mamae kanohi nui, te tere o te ngākau, te whero, te rangirua rānei.

Ka pā pea ki ētahi tāngata ngā pānga pūnaha onge engari e pā ana, ina koa ngā tamariki me ngā tūroro kaumātua. Kei roto i ēnei ko te kirika, te mangai maroke, te noho korekore, te huringa whanonga rānei. Ki te kite koe i ētahi o ēnei tohumate, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta tonu.

Ko wai e kore e whakamahi i enei rongoa?

Me karo etahi tangata i enei pata kanohi, me whakamahi ranei i raro i te tirotiro hauora tino tupato. Ka arotakehia e tō tākuta tō hitori hauora i mua i te whakahau i a rātou kia mōhio he haumaru mōu.

Kaua koe e whakamahi i enei rongoa mēnā he:

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• Glaucoma koki-iti, he hītori rānei mō te glaucoma koki-katia
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• He mate pāwera mō te atropine, homatropine, scopolamine, rānei, ētahi rongoa rite rānei
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• Ētahi momo raruraru manawa
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• Te mate tākihi, te ate rānei
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• Myasthenia gravis (he āhua ngoikore uaua)
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Ka tūpato anō tō tākuta mēnā he āhua tō, pēnei i te pūkahukahu nui, te aukati i te whekau, mēnā kei te hapū koe, kei te whāngai ū rānei. Ka nui ake te tairongo o ngā tamariki me ngā tūroro kaumātua ki ēnei rongoa, ā, me mātakitaki motuhake.

Ngā Ingoa Waitohu me Ētahi Atu

Kei te wātea ēnei rongoa i raro i ngā momo ingoa waitohu, ahakoa he maha kei te generic inaianei. Kei roto i ngā pata kanohi Atropine ngā waitohu pēnei i te Isopto Atropine, i te wā e wātea ana te homatropine hei Isopto Homatropine. Ka kitea pea te otinga ophthalmic Scopolamine i raro i te ingoa waitohu Isopto Hyoscine.

Ka whiriwhiri pea tō tākuta i ētahi atu i runga i ō hiahia motuhake. Ko ngā mydriatics poto-mahi pēnei i te tropicamide, cyclopentolate rānei, ka whakamahia pinepine mō ngā whakamātautau kanohi i ia rā, nā te mea ka tere te ngaro. Mō ētahi āhua, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ētahi atu momo pata kanohi.

Ko te whiriwhiri i waenga i ēnei rongoa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te roa o te pānga e hiahia ana kia mau, me te aha e rongoatia ana e koe. Ka kōwhiria e tō tākuta kanohi te kōwhiringa e tika ana mō tō āhuatanga.

He pai ake ēnei rongoa i ētahi atu pata kanohi?

Kāore ēnei rongoa i te tika kia

Ki te whakataurite ki ngā pata whānui e mahi ana i te wā poto pēnei i te tropicamide, he roa ake te pānga o ēnei rongoā. Nō reira he pai mō te rongoā i te mumura o te kanohi e haere tonu ana, i te wā rānei e hiahiatia ana he whakamātau roa. Heoi anō, ko te roa o te pānga te tikanga he roa ake ngā pānga taha.

Ka whiriwhiria e tō tākuta ēnei rongoā i te wā e tino hiahiatia ana ō rātou āhuatanga motuhake mō tō āhua. Ehara ēnei i ngā pata kanohi whānui engari he rongoā motuhake mō ngā āhuatanga motuhake.

Ngā Pātai e Pātai pinepine ana

He haumaru te whakamahi i ēnei pata mēnā he mate huka tōku?

I te nuinga o te wā, he haumaru ēnei pata kanohi mō te hunga e mate huka ana, engari ka mātakitaki tō tākuta i a koe. Ka pā te mate huka ki te āhua e tukatukahia ai e tō tinana ngā rongoā, ā, ka piki ake pea te tūponotanga o ētahi pānga taha. Ka whakaaro tō tākuta kanohi ki tō hauora whānui me te whakahaere i te mate huka i te wā e whakatau ana mēnā he tika ēnei pata mōu.

He maha ngā wā e hiahia ana te hunga e mate huka ana ki ngā whakamātau kanohi i ngā wā katoa, ā, ka whakamahia ēnei rongoā i ngā wā o te tirotiro kanohi mō te hunga mate huka. Me mōhio mai ki tō tākuta mō tō mate huka me ngā rongoā e tango ana koe.

Me aha au mēnā ka whakamahi au i te nui rawa atu?

Mēnā ka whakamahi koe i te nui ake o ngā pata i te mea i tohua, kaua e mataku. Tuatahi, horoia tō kanohi ki te wai mā, mēnā ka taea. Ko te pānga pea ko te kaha ake, te roa rānei o ō tohumate (te pāwera o te tirohanga, te tairongo ki te mārama) i te mea i tūmanakohia.

Mātakitaki mō ngā tohumate nui ake pēnei i te tere o te ngākau, te rangirua, te kirika, te mamae nui rānei o te kanohi. Mēnā ka pā ki a koe ētahi o ēnei, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta, rapu rānei i te āwhina hauora tonu. Puritia te pounamu rongoā ki a koe kia mōhio ai ngā tākuta ki te mea i whakamahia e koe.

Me aha au mēnā ka ngaro i ahau tētahi horopeta?

Ki te ngaro koe i tētahi horopeta, whakamahia i te wā e mahara ana koe. Heoi, ki te tata te wā mō tō horopeta e whai ake nei, kaua e whakamahi i te horopeta i ngaro, ka haere tonu ki tō hōtaka auau. Kaua rawa e rua ngā horopeta hei utu mō tētahi i ngaro.

Mō ngā rongoā e whakamahia ana hei rongoā i te mumura o te kanohi, he mea nui te rite mō te whakaora. Ki te wareware pinepine koe i ngā horopeta, whakatakotoria ngā whakamaharatanga ki tō waea, tonoa rānei ngā mema o te whānau kia āwhina i a koe ki te mahara.

Āhea ka taea e au te whakamutu i te tango i ēnei rongoā?

Me whakamutu anake ēnei rongoā i te wā e kī ana tō tākuta ki a koe. Ahakoa te pai ake o ō tohumate, tērā pea me haere tonu koe i te rongoā mō te wā i whakaritea katoa hei ārai i ngā raruraru, i te hokinga mai rānei o tō āhua.

Ki te whakamahi koe i ēnei topata mō te mumura o te kanohi, ko te whakamutu wawe rawa pea ka taea te hoki mai o te mumura. Ka whakarite tō tākuta i ngā whakaritenga whai-muri hei aroturuki i tō ahunga whakamua me te whakatau i te wā e haumaru ana te whakamutu i te rongoā.

Ka taea e au te taraiwa i te wā e whakamahi ana i ēnei topata kanohi?

Kaua koe e taraiwa i te wā e pā ana ēnei rongoā ki tō tirohanga. Ko te tirohanga pōkaikaha me te tairongo ki te mārama e pā ana ki a rātou ka tūpono te taraiwa mō koe me ētahi atu i te rori.

Whakaritea kia whai tangata kē koe hei taraiwa i a koe ki ngā whakaritenga rongoā me te hoki mai i a rātou i te wā e whakamahi ana koe i ēnei topata. Ka taea e ngā pānga te roa i ngā wāhi katoa mai i ētahi rā ki te rua wiki, i runga i te rongoā e whakamahi ana koe. Ka tohutohu tō tākuta ki a koe i te wā e haumaru ana te hoki ki te taraiwa.