He aha te Atropine Sulfate (Ophthalmic): Ngā Whakamahinga, te Inenga, Ngā Pānga Taha me Ētahi Atu

Ko ngā pata kanohi atropine sulfate he rongoā rongoā e pararutiki ana i ngā uaua i roto i tō kanohi. He mea e āwangawanga ana pea tēnei, engari he taputapu whai hua tēnei e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta kanohi mō ngā kaupapa rongoā motuhake, mai i te rongoā i ētahi āhuatanga kanohi ki te āwhina i ngā whakamātautau kanohi whānui.

Inā rongo koe i te kupu "paralysis" e pā ana ki ō kanohi, he mea māori te āwangawanga. Heoi, ka mahi a atropine i roto i te ara whakahaere me te wā poto, e pā ana ki ngā uaua motuhake anake e whakahaere ana i te pēhea o te whakatuwhera me te kati o tō akonga, me te pēhea o te arotahi o tō kanohi ki ngā mea i ngā tawhiti rerekē.

He aha te Atropine Sulfate?

Ko te atropine sulfate he rongoā i ahu mai i te tipu belladonna e aukati ana i ētahi tohu io i roto i tō kanohi. No te akomanga rongoā e kiia nei ko anticholinergics, e aukati ana i ngā uaua motuhake mai i te mahi noa.

I roto i te āhua pata kanohi, ka aro te atropine ki ngā mahi nui e rua: ka whānui (whānui) i ō akonga, ā, ka aukati i tō kanohi mai i te arotahi ki ngā mea tata. Ko tēnei mahi rua he mea tino whai hua mō ngā tākuta kanohi e hiahia ana ki te tirotiro i roto i tō kanohi kia tino pai, ki te rongoā rānei i ētahi āhuatanga kanohi.

Kua whakamahia te rongoā i roto i te ophthalmology mō ngā tau tekau. Ahakoa te mea e mataku ana ki te whakatakoto pata ki ō kanohi e pā ana ki te pēhea o te mahi, he pai te haumaru o te atropine ina whakamahia ana e te tohutohu a tō tohunga tiaki kanohi.

He aha te Atropine Sulfate e whakamahia ana mō?

Ka tohutohu ngā tākuta kanohi i te atropine sulfate mō ētahi take rongoā nui. Ko te nuinga, ka whakamahia i ngā wā o ngā whakamātautau kanohi whānui kia kite mārama i tō retina me ētahi atu hanganga kanohi o roto.

Koinei ngā take nui e tūtohu ai tō tākuta i ngā pata kanohi atropine:

• Te whānui o ngā pūhihi mō ngā whakamātau kanohi taipitopito, ina koa ka tirotiro mō ngā raruraru o te retina, te glaucoma, ētahi atu āhuatanga kino rānei
• Te rongoā i te uveitis (te mumura i roto i te kanohi) mā te ārai i te iris kia piri ki te arotahi
• Te whakahaere i te mamae kanohi nui mai i ētahi āhuatanga mumura
• Te ārai i ngā kōpiko uaua i roto i te kanohi i muri i ētahi pokanga kanohi
• Te rongoā i te amblyopia (kanohi māngere) i roto i ngā tamariki mā te whakapōkae i te tirohanga i roto i te kanohi kaha ake
• Te ine i ngā tohutohu tika mō ngā karu, ngā arotahi whakapiri rānei i roto i ngā tamariki

I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakamahia pea te atropine mō ngā āhuatanga onge pēnei i te accommodative esotropia, kei te tahuri te kanohi ki roto nā te raruraru arotahi. Ka whakamārama tō tākuta kanohi i te take e tūtohu ana rātou i te atropine mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Me pēhea te mahi a te Atropine Sulfate?

Ka mahi te Atropine mā te aukati i ngā tohu io ki ngā uaua motuhake i tō kanohi. Whakaarohia me te mea e "wetekina" ana te kōrero i waenga i tō roro me ēnei uaua kanohi.

E rua ngā wāhi matua e whāia ana e te rongoā: te iris (te wāhi tae o tō kanohi) me te uaua ciliary (e whakahaere ana i te arotahi). Ka aukati te atropine i ēnei tohu io, ka noho whānui tō pūhihi, ā, e kore e taea e tō kanohi te whakatika i tō arotahi mō te tirohanga tata.

E kiia ana he rongoā kaha tēnei i roto i te whānau o te pata kanohi. Ahakoa ka ngaro ētahi pata whānui i roto i ngā hāora torutoru, ka pā te atropine ki tō tirohanga mō ētahi rā, tae noa ki ngā wiki, i runga i te kaha e whakamahia ana. Ko tēnei roa ake te mea e tino whai hua ana mō te rongoā i ngā āhuatanga mumura e hiahia ana ki te rongoā tonu.

Me pēhea taku tango i te Atropine Sulfate?

Ka hoatu e tō tākuta kanohi ki a koe ngā tohutohu motuhake mō te whakamahi i ngā pata atropine, ā, he mea nui kia whai i a rātou. Kei runga i te wā me te auau te take e whakamahi ana koe i te rongoā.

Koinei te tukanga whānui mō te tono i ngā pata kanohi atropine:

1. Horoi tino pai ō ringa ki te hopi me te wai
2. Whakaangahia tō upoko ki muri, ka tōia iho tō kamo o raro kia hanga he pūkau iti
3. Puritia te pūpū i runga ake i tō kanohi, kaua e pā ki tō kanohi, ki tō kamo rānei
4. Kōpekehia tētahi topata ki roto i te pūkau i hangaia e koe
5. Katia marie tō kanohi mō te meneti kotahi, ka pēhi marie ki te kokonga o roto e tata ana ki tō ihu
6. Kaua e kimo kaha, e mirimiri rānei i tō kanohi

Kāore koe e hiahia ki te tango i te atropine me te kai, te wai rānei, nā te mea ka haere tika ki tō kanohi. Heoi, me karo koe i te taraiwa, i ngā mahi rānei e hiahia ana kia mārama te tirohanga kia ngaro rawa ngā pānga.

Mēnā kei te whakamahi koe i ētahi atu rongoā kanohi, tatari kia 10 meneti i waenga i ngā topata rerekē kia kore ai e horoi tētahi i tētahi. Whakamahia tonu te atropine i te mea i whakaritea – ko te whakamahi i ngā topata maha, te whakamahi rānei i te auau ake, e kore e pai ake te mahi, ā, ka piki ake ngā pānga taha.

Kia Pēhea te Roa e Tango Ai au i te Atropine Sulfate?

Ko te roa o te maimoatanga ki te atropine e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take e whakamahi ana koe. Mō ngā whakamātautau kanohi, tērā pea ka hiahia koe ki te horopeta kotahi, e rua rānei, i te wā e rongoā ana i ngā āhuatanga mumura ka hiahia pea kia maha ngā wiki e whakamahi ana i te wā katoa.

Mēnā i whakaritea e tō tākuta te atropine mō te whakamātautau kanohi, ka whakamahi koe i te tikanga kotahi i mua i tō tūtohinga. Ka ngaro haere ngā pānga i roto i ngā rā, wiki e whai ake nei, i runga i te kukū i whakamahia.

Mō te rongoā i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te uveitis, tērā pea ka hiahia koe ki te whakamahi i ngā topata atropine i ia rā mō te maha o ngā wiki. Ka aroturuki tō tākuta i tō ahunga whakamua, ka whakatika i te hōtaka maimoatanga i te wā e ora ana tō kanohi. Kaua rawa e mutu te whakamahi i te atropine ohorere mēnā kei te rongoā koe i tētahi āhuatanga mumura, nā te mea ka hoki mai ō tohu.

He Aha ngā Pānga Taha o te Atropine Sulfate?

He pai te aro ki te atropine e te nuinga o te tangata, engari pērā i ngā rongoā katoa, ka pā ngā pānga taha. Ko ngā pānga tino noa e pā ana ki te mahi o te rongoā i roto i tō kanohi.

Koinei ngā pānga taha ka pā ki a koe:

• Te pānga o te tirohanga, ina koa mō te pānui, te mahi tata rānei
• Te piki o te tairongo ki te mārama me te kanapa
• Te ngau, te wera rānei i muri tonu i te whakatakoto i ngā topata
• Te waha maroke (mehemea ka uru ētahi rongoā ki tō pūnaha)
• Te riri ngawari o te kanohi, te whero rānei
• Te uaua ki te arotahi ki ngā mea tata

He wā poto noa iho ēnei pānga, ā, e tika ana. Heoi anō, ka pā ngā tohumate e pā ana ki ētahi tāngata, me whai whakaaro rongoā.

Koinei ngā pānga taha onge engari nui hei mātakitaki:

• Te mamae nui o te kanohi, te huringa ohorere rānei o te tirohanga
• Ngā tohu o te pānga mate pāwera pērā i te pūhihi huri noa i ngā kanohi, te uaua ki te hā, te rānei
• Te tere o te ngākau, te whanoke rānei
• Te rangirua, te whanonga rerekē rānei (ina koa ki ngā tamariki, ngā tūroro kaumātua rānei)
• Te mamae nui o te upoko, te whakapairuaki rānei

Mēnā ka pā ki a koe ētahi o ēnei pānga taha nui, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta tonu, rapu rongoā ohorere rānei. Ko te nuinga o ngā pānga taha mai i te atropine he ngawari, ka ngaro i te wā e ngaro ana te rongoā.

Ko wai kāore e tika kia tango i te Atropine Sulfate?

Ahakoa he pai te atropine mō te nuinga o te tangata, me karo ētahi tāngata i tēnei rongoā, me whakamahi rānei me te tūpato atu. Ka arotake tō tākuta kanohi i tō hītori rongoā i mua i te whakahau i te atropine.

Me kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mēnā he pānga tōu ki ētahi o ēnei āhuatanga:

• Te kōroke koki-poto, he hītori rānei mō te kōroke koki-poto koi
• Te mate kanohi maroke nui
• He pānga mō te atropine, te waikawa belladonna rānei
• Ngā raruraru o te manawa, he whakaeke manawa tata rānei
• Te pūkahukahu nui, ngā raruraru rānei mō te pupuri mimi
• Te aukati i te whekau, te pōro rānei

He mea nui kia tūpato i ētahi rōpū tāngata. Ka nui ake pea te pānga o te atropine ki ngā tamariki me ngā tūroro kaumātua, otirā te urunga ki te tinana e pā ai te waha maroke, te tere o te manawa, te pōraruraru rānei.

Me kōrero ngā wāhine hapū, ngā wāhine whāngai ū rānei i ngā tūponotanga me ngā painga ki tō rātou tākuta, ahakoa te nuinga o te wā ka whakaarohia he haumaru ngā pata kanohi atropine ina whakamahia ana i runga i ngā tohutohu. Ka roa ake pea te pānga o te atropine ki ngā tāngata he kanohi mārama, ki te whakataurite ki te hunga he kanohi pōuri.

Ngā Ingoa Waitohu o te Atropine Sulfate

E wātea ana ngā pata kanohi atropine sulfate i raro i ētahi ingoa waitohu, ahakoa he maha ngā whare rongoā e mau ana i ngā momo rongoā whānui. Ko ngā ingoa waitohu e mōhiotia ana ko Isopto Atropine me Atropine Care.

He rite tonu te whai hua o te atropine sulfate whānui ki ngā momo waitohu, ā, he iti ake te utu. Ka āwhina tō kai rongoā i a koe ki te mārama kei te whiwhi koe i tētahi momo waitohu, i tētahi momo rongoā whānui rānei.

Ka rerekē pea te kukume o te atropine i waenga i ngā hua, te nuinga o te wā kei waenga i te 0.01% ki te 1%. Ka tohutohu tō tākuta i te kukume tika e hiahia ana koe, ā, he mea nui kia whakamahia te mea i tohutohutia, nā te mea he rerekē ngā pānga me te roa o ngā kukume rerekē.

Ngā Kōwhiringa Atropine Sulfate

He maha ētahi atu rongoā ka whānui i ngā akonga, ka rongoā rānei i te mumura o te kanohi, ahakoa he rerekē ō rātou kaha me te roa o te mahi. Ka kōwhiria pea e tō tākuta kanohi tētahi kōwhiringa i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake me te roa o te pānga e hiahia ana kia mau.

Ko ētahi atu maturuturu whānui ko te cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl), e tere ana te mahi engari ka tere te ngaro atu i te atropine. Ko te Homatropine tētahi atu kōwhiringa e roa ana te pānga atu i te cyclopentolate engari kāore i te roa pērā i te atropine.

Mō te rongoā i te mumura o te kanohi, ka tohutohu pea tō tākuta i ngā maturuturu kanohi steroid pērā i te prednisolone, i ngā maturuturu anti-inflammatory rānei pērā i te ketorolac hei utu mō te atropine, i te taha rānei o te atropine. Ka whakawhirinaki te kōwhiringa ki te mea e pāngia ana e tō kanohi, me te pēhea te urupare o tō tinana ki ngā rongoā rerekē.

He Pai Anei te Atropine Sulfate i te Cyclopentolate?

He whai hua ngā maturuturu whānui e rua, te atropine me te cyclopentolate, engari he rerekē te mahi, ā, e whakamahia ana mō ngā kaupapa rerekē. Kāore tētahi e tino pai ake – ka whakawhirinaki te kōwhiringa tika ki tō āhuatanga motuhake.

He kaha ake te atropine, ā, he roa ake te pānga, e pai ana mō te rongoā i ngā āhuatanga mumura e hiahia ana ki te rongoā tonu. Heoi, ka raru pea tēnei roa mena ka hiahia koe ki te whānui mō te whakamātautau kanohi anake.

Ka tere te mahi a te Cyclopentolate, ā, ka tere te ngaro atu, e pai ana mō ngā whakamātautau kanohi auau. Ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te hoki ki ngā mahi noa i roto i te rā, e rua rānei i muri i te whakamahi i te cyclopentolate, i te mea ka roa te pānga o te atropine mō ngā wiki.

Ka kōwhiri tō tākuta kanohi i te rongoā e pai ana ki ō hiahia hauora me tō oranga. Ki te whai āwangawanga koe mō te roa o te pānga o tō tirohanga, kōrero atu ki tō tākuta i mua i te rongoā.

Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Atropine Sulfate

Q1. He Haumaru Anei te Atropine Sulfate mō ngā Tamariki?

Āe, he haumaru te atropine sulfate mō ngā tamariki ina whakamahia ana e te tākuta kanohi. Inaha, e whakamahia ana i roto i te tiaki kanohi tamariki mō te rongoā i te kanohi mangere (amblyopia) me te whiwhi i ngā tohutohu kanohi tika.

Ka nui ake pea te tairongo o ngā tamariki ki ngā pānga o te atropine, nō reira ka whakamahi ngā tākuta i ngā kukume iti ake, i ngā hanganga motuhake rānei. Me mātakitaki ngā mātua ki ngā pānga taha pēnei i te whero o te kiri, te tere o te ngākau, te whanonga rānei e kore e rite, me te whakapā atu ki te tākuta mēnā ka puta mai ēnei.

Q2. Me pēhea ahau ki te whakamahi i te nui rawa o te Atropine Sulfate?

Mēnā ka whakatakotoria e koe he tāpa atu, ka whakamahi rānei i te atropine i te auau ake i te mea i tohua, horoia tō kanohi ki te wai mā, me te whakapā atu ki tō tākuta, ki te kaimātai rongoā rānei mō te ārahitanga. Kaua e mataku – he uaua noa te nui rawa o te horopeta ki ngā tāpa kanohi e pā ana ki ngā raruraru nui.

Mātakitaki ki ngā tohu o te urunga pūnaha pēnei i te tere o te ngākau, te waha maroke, te whanoke, te rangirua rānei. Mēnā ka pā ki a koe ēnei tohu, ina koa mēnā he nui, rapua te āwhina hauora i te wā tonu.

Q3. Me pēhea ahau ki te kore e whakamahi i te horopeta o te Atropine Sulfate?

Mēnā ka ngaro i a koe tētahi horopeta o te atropine, whakamahia i te wā tonu e mahara ana koe, ki te kore e tata ana te wā mō tō horopeta e whai ake nei. I taua wā, waiho te horopeta i ngaro, me te haere tonu ki tō hōtaka auau.

Kaua rawa e rua ngā horopeta hei utu mō tētahi i ngaro, nā te mea ka piki ake tō tūponotanga ki ngā pānga taha. Mēnā kāore koe i te mōhio ki te wā, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta, ki te kaimātai rongoā rānei mō te ārahitanga motuhake mō tō hōtaka maimoatanga.

Q4. Āhea ahau e mutu ai te tango i te Atropine Sulfate?

Me mutu anake te whakamahi i te atropine i te wā e kī ana tō tākuta ki a koe. Mēnā kei te whakamahi koe mō te whakamātautau kanohi, ka hiahia koe ki te kotahi, e rua rānei ngā horopeta. Mō te rongoā i ngā āhuatanga mumura, ko te mutu wawe rawa ka hoki mai anō ō tohu.

Ka mātakitaki tō tākuta i tō ahunga whakamua, me te whakamōhio ki a koe i te wā e haumaru ana ki te whakamutu i te maimoatanga. Mēnā kei te pā ki a koe ngā pānga taha e raruraru ana, kōrerohia tēnei ki tō tākuta, kaua ki te mutu i te rongoā i a koe anō.

Q5. Ka taea e au te taraiwa i te wā e whakamahi ana i te Atropine Sulfate?

Kaua e taraiwa i te wā e pā ana te atropine ki tō tirohanga. Ka pā te rongoā i te tirohanga pōka, me te tairongo nui ki te mārama, ka waiho te taraiwa hei mea mōrearea mōu me ētahi atu i te rori.

Whakaritea kia waiho mā tētahi atu e taraiwa i a koe ki te kāinga i muri i te whiwhinga i ngā topata atropine, me te karo i te taraiwa kia hoki rawa mai anō tō tirohanga ki te āhua noa. Ka roa pea tēnei i te rā torutoru ki te wiki torutoru, i runga i te kaha i whakamahia me tō urupare takitahi ki te rongoā.