He aha te aukati beta-adrenergic (Ara Ophthalmic): Ngā Whakamahinga, Inenga, Pānga Taha me Ētahi Atu

Ko ngā topata kanohi aukati beta-adrenergic he rongoā hei āwhina i te whakaheke i te pēhanga i roto i ō kanohi mā te aukati i ētahi tohu io. Ko ēnei topata te nuinga e whakamahia ana hei rongoā i te glaucoma me te pēhanga kanohi, ngā āhuatanga ka taea e te pēhanga kanohi te whakangaro i tō tirohanga i te roanga o te wā.

Whakaarohia ēnei rongoā hei kaiwhakahaere ngawari mō ō kanohi. E mahi ana mā te whakaroa i te hanga wai i roto i tō kanohi, e whakaheke ana i te pēhanga. Ko tēnei mahi ngawari ka whai pānga nui ki te tiaki i tō tirohanga.

He aha ngā Topata Kanohi Aukati Beta-Adrenergic?

Ko ngā topata kanohi aukati beta-adrenergic he rongoā ā-rohe ka whakamahia e koe ki ō kanohi. No te kāwai rongoā e kiia nei ko ngā aukati beta, e whakamahia ana hoki mō ngā āhuatanga o te ngākau, engari ko ēnei hanganga motuhake i hangaia mō te tiaki kanohi anake.

Ko ngā momo tino noa ko te timolol, te betaxolol, me te levobunolol. E mahi ana ia momo i te ara kotahi engari he rerekē pea ngā pānga ki ō kanohi me tō tinana. Ka whiriwhiria e tō tākuta te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake me te hītori hauora.

Kua whakamahia ngā rongoā nei i te haumaru mō ngā tekau tau, ā, e kiia ana he rongoā tuatahi mō te maha o ngā raruraru pēhanga kanohi. E wātea ana anake mā te whakahaunga, ā, ka tae mai i roto i ngā kaha rerekē hei whakatutuki i ō hiahia takitahi.

He aha ngā Topata Kanohi Aukati Beta-Adrenergic e Whakamahia Ana Mō?

Ko ēnei topata kanohi te nuinga e whakahaungia ana hei rongoā i te glaucoma me te pēhanga kanohi. E rua ngā āhuatanga e whai pānga ana ki te pēhanga i roto i ō kanohi, ka taea e te mea nei te whakangaro i te io whatu me te arahi ki te ngaro o te tirohanga ki te kore e rongoatia.

He maha ngā wā ka kīia te glaucoma ko te "tahae puku o te tirohanga" nā te mea ka pōturi te whanake, kāore he tohu e kitea ana. Ka pā te pēhanga nui ki ngā muka io e kawe ana i ngā kōrero tirohanga mai i tō kanohi ki tō roro. Ka āwhina ngā topata kanohi beta-blocker ki te ārai i tēnei kino mā te pupuri i te pēhanga kanohi i roto i te awhe hauora.

Ko te hypertension ocular te tikanga he nui ake te pēhanga o tō kanohi i te tikanga, engari kāore anō kia pā he kino e kitea ana ki tō io whatu. Mā te whakamahi i ēnei topata ka āwhina i te ārai i te haere whakamua ki te glaucoma. Ka tohutohu hoki ētahi tākuta i a rātou hei wāhanga o te rongoā whakakotahi me ētahi atu rongoā pēhanga kanohi.

I ngā wā onge, ka whakamahia ēnei topata i waho i te tapanga mō ētahi atu āhuatanga kanohi ka whai hua te whakaiti i te pēhanga kanohi. Heoi anō, me mahi tēnei i raro i te tirotiro hauora.

Me pēhea te mahi a ngā topata kanohi Beta-Adrenergic Blocker?

Ka mahi ēnei topata kanohi mā te aukati i ngā kaiwhiwhi beta-adrenergic i ō kanohi. Ki te aukatia ēnei kaiwhiwhi, ka whakaiti rātou i te hanga o te wai aqueous, te wai mā e whakaki ana i te wāhanga o mua o tō kanohi.

Ka hanga noa ō kanohi i tēnei wai i te roanga o te rā. Ka rere mā tō kanohi, ā, ka rere atu mā ngā ara iti. Ki te kore tēnei pūnaha rerenga e mahi tika ana, ki te nui rawa rānei te wai e hangaia ana, ka piki te pēhanga i roto i tō kanohi.

E kiia ana ko ngā topata kanohi beta-blocker he rongoā kaha mō te whakahaere i te pēhanga kanohi. Ko te tikanga ka whakaiti rātou i te pēhanga kanohi mā te 20-25% mai i ngā taumata tūāpapa. Ko te tikanga he nui tēnei whakaitinga hei kawe i te pēhanga kanohi o te nuinga o te tangata ki roto i te awhe haumaru.

Ka tīmata te rongoā ki te mahi i roto i ngā hāora ruarua i muri i te tono, engari ka roa pea te wiki e kite ai i te pānga katoa e whakaheke ana i te pēhanga. Ka aroturuki tō tākuta i tō pēhanga kanohi i ngā wā katoa kia mōhio ai kei te mahi pai te rongoā mōu.

Me pēhea taku tango i ngā topata kanohi Beta-Adrenergic Blocker?

Ko te nuinga o nga pata kanohi beta-blocker ka whakamahia kotahi, e rua ranei i te ra, i runga i to rongoa me nga tohutohu a to taakuta. He mea nui kia whakamahia i te wa kotahi i ia ra kia mau tonu te mana o te pehanga kanohi.

Anei me pehea te tono tika i o pata kanohi:

1. Horoi rawa o ringaringa ki te hopi me te wai
2. Whakaarahia to mahunga ki muri ka titiro whakarunga
3. Toia marie to kamo o raro ki te hanga i te pute iti
4. Puritia te pounamu ki te taha o to kanohi me te kore e pa atu
5. Whakawhiwhia kia kotahi te pata ki roto i te pute i hanga e koe
6. Kataina marie to kanohi ka pēhi marie ki te kokonga o roto mo te 1-2 meneti

Ko te pehanga ngawari ki te kokonga o roto ka awhina i te aukati i te rongoa mai i te rere ki roto i to ihu me to korokoro, e whakanui ana i te painga i roto i to kanohi me te whakaiti i nga paanga taha ka puta.

Kaore koe e hiahia ki te tango i enei pata me te kai, te miraka ranei na te mea ka tukuna tika ki o kanohi. Heoi, ki te whakamahi koe i etahi atu rongoa kanohi, tatari kia 5 meneti i waenga i nga pata rereke kia kore ai e horoi tetahi i tetahi.

Mena kei te mau koe i nga arotahi whakapā, me tango e koe i mua i te tono i nga pata me te tatari kia 15 meneti i mua i te whakahoki mai. Ko etahi mea tiaki i roto i nga pata kanohi ka uru mai e nga arotahi whakapā ngawari.

Kia Pehea Te Roa E Tango Ai Au i Nga Pata Kanohi Beta-Adrenergic Blocker?

Ko te nuinga o nga tangata me whakamahi i enei pata kanohi mo te wa roa kia mau tonu te pehanga kanohi hauora. Ko te glaucoma me te ocular hypertension he mate mau tonu e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere tonu, kaua ki te rongoa mo te wa poto.

Ka aroturukihia e to taakuta to pehanga kanohi i nga wa katoa, i te nuinga o te wa i nga marama 3-6 i te wa e pumau ana to pehanga. Mena ka mau tonu to pehanga kanohi, kaore koe e pa ana ki nga paanga taha raruraru, ka haere tonu koe ki te whakamahi i nga pata mo te wa roa.

Me whakatika pea te rongoā a ētahi tāngata i te roanga o te wā. Ka huri pea tō tākuta i te kaha o āu pata, ka huri ki tētahi atu momo aukati beta, ka tāpiri rongoā atu rānei ki te hiahiatia. He mea noa tēnei, ā, kāore i te kī ana kāore te rongoā e whai hua ana.

Kaua rawa e whakamutu ohorere i te whakamahi i ēnei pata me te kore e kōrero ki tō tākuta, ahakoa e pai ana tō tū. Ka tere te piki o te pēhanga o te kanohi ina whakamutua e koe te rongoā, ka whara pea tō uaua whatu i mua i te kite i ngā tohumate.

He aha ngā pānga taha o ngā pata kanohi aukati Beta-Adrenergic?

He pai te pōhēhē a te nuinga o te tāngata i ngā pata kanohi aukati beta, engari pērā i ngā rongoā katoa, ka pānga taha pea. Ko te rongo pai he mea noa ngā pānga taha kino, ā, he tokomaha ngā tāngata kāore e pānga taha ana.

Ngā pānga taha noa ka puta:

• Te riri ngawari o te kanohi, te wera rānei i te wā tuatahi ka whakamahi koe i ngā pata
• Te pānga mō te wā poto o te tirohanga pōkaikaha i muri tonu i te whakamahinga
• Ngā kanohi maroke, te nui haere rānei o te roimata
• Te whero iti huri noa i ngā kanohi
• Te mamae mahunga ngawari

He ngawari noa ēnei pānga, ā, ka pai ake i te wā e urutau ana ō kanohi ki te rongoā i ngā wiki tuatahi o te whakamahinga.

Ka pānga pea ētahi tāngata i ngā pānga pūnaha, nā te mea ka uru te iti o te rongoā ki tō toto. Ka uru pea ēnei:

• He iti te puhoi o te ngākau
• Te ngenge ngawari
• He iti te heke o te pēhanga toto
• Te poto o te manawa (he mea noa)

He nui ake te tūponotanga o ēnei pānga pūnaha ki te kore koe e pēhi i te kokonga o roto o tō kanohi i muri i te whakamahinga o ngā pata, nā te mea ka uru atu te rongoā mā ō ara ihu.

Ngā pānga taha onge engari kino ake ka uru pea ki te uaua o te manawa, ngā huringa nui o te manawa, te urupare mate pāwera kino rānei. Ki te pā ana tētahi o ēnei ki a koe, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta tonu, rapu rānei i te manaakitanga hauora ohorere.

Ko wai e kore e tango i ngā Tāpae Kānapanapa Beta-Adrenergic Blocker?

Ahakoa he haumaru ēnei tāpae kānapanapa mō te nuinga o te tangata, mā ētahi āhuatanga hauora ka kore e tika, ka hiahiatia rānei ētahi whakatūpato motuhake. Ka arotake tō tākuta i tō hītori hauora i mua i te whakahau i ēnei rongoā.

Kaua koe e whakamahi i ngā tāpae kānapanapa beta-blocker mēnā he:

• Asthma kaha, mate rānei e pā ana ki te pūkahukahu (COPD)
• Ētahi raruraru o te manawa
• Korenga manawa kaha
• He mate pānga ki ngā beta-blockers

Ka taea te whakakaha i ēnei āhuatanga e ngā beta-blockers, ahakoa ka whakamahia hei tāpae kānapanapa, nā te mea ka uru ētahi rongoā ki tō pūnaha.

He mea nui te tūpato mēnā he:

• Asthma ngawari, raruraru rānei e pā ana ki te manawa
• Mate huka (ka taea e ngā beta-blockers te huna i ngā tohu o te huka toto iti)
• Te tairoiro kaha
• Ngā raruraru ngoikore o te uaua pēnei i te myasthenia gravis
• Hītori o ngā tauhohenga mate pānga kaha

Mēnā he āhuatanga tō, ka kōwhiria e tō tākuta tētahi momo tāpae kānapanapa rerekē, ka aroturukihia rānei koe i a koe e whakamahi ana i ngā beta-blockers.

Me kōrero ngā wāhine hapū, e whāngai ana rānei i ngā pēpi i ngā tūponotanga me ngā painga ki tō rātou tākuta, nā te mea ka taea e ēnei rongoā te whakawhiti i te pūhihi, te uru rānei ki te waiu i roto i ngā rahinga iti.

Ngā Ingoa Waitohu o ngā Tāpae Kānapanapa Beta-Adrenergic Blocker

He maha ngā ingoa waitohu e wātea ana mō ngā tāpae kānapanapa beta-blocker, kei ia tangata ētahi momo whakauru kaha. Ko ngā waitohu e tino whakahaua ana ko Timoptic (timolol), Betoptic (betaxolol), me Betagan (levobunolol).

Kei te wātea a Timolol i raro i ngā ingoa waitohu rerekē tae atu ki Timoptic, Timoptic-XE, me Istalol. Kei te wātea hoki hei rongoā whānui, ka taea te utu ake i te wā e whai ana i te whai huatanga kotahi.

Ko te Betaxolol, e hokona ana ko Betoptic me Betoptic S, i etahi wa ka pai ake mo te hunga e raru ana i te manawa ngawari na te mea he kaha ake tana mahi. Ko te Levobunolol, e wātea ana ko Betagan, he kōwhiringa whai hua ano me nga taonga rite ki te timolol.

Ma to taakuta e whiriwhiri te waitohu me te hanganga motuhake i runga i o hiahia takitahi, te inihua, me te pai o to urupare ki te rongoa. Ko nga putanga generic he rite tonu te whai hua ki nga hua waitohu.

Nga Whakakapinga ki nga Taka Kanohi Beta-Adrenergic Blocker

Mena karekau nga taka kanohi beta-blocker e tika ana mo koe, karekau ranei e pai te whakahaere i te pehanga, he maha atu ano nga momo rongoa pehanga kanohi e waatea ana. He rereke te mahi a ia karaehe ki te whakaheke i te pehanga kanohi.

Ko nga tairitenga Prostaglandin, penei i te latanoprost (Xalatan) me te travoprost (Travatan), he maha nga wa e kiia ana ko nga maimoatanga tuatahi. Ka mahi ratou ma te whakanui ake i te rere o te wai mai i to kanohi, a ka whakamahia i te nuinga o te wa kotahi i te ra i te ahiahi.

Ko nga alpha-agonists penei i te brimonidine (Alphagan) ka whakaiti i te hanga wai me te whakanui ake i te waikeri. Ko enei ka whakamahia i te nuinga o te wa e rua nga wa i te ra, a ka tino awhina mo te hunga e kore e taea te whakamahi i nga beta-blockers.

Ko nga aukati i te carbonic anhydrase, tae atu ki te dorzolamide (Trusopt) me te brinzolamide (Azopt), ka whakaheke i te hanga wai ma te tikanga rereke i nga beta-blockers. He maha nga wa ka whakamahia tahi me etahi atu rongoa.

I etahi wa, ka tohutohu pea nga rongoa waha, nga tikanga pokanga ranei mena karekau nga taka kanohi e ranea ana. Ka mahi tahi to taakuta me koe ki te kimi i te mahere maimoatanga tino whai hua mo to ahuatanga motuhake.

He Pai Ake Nga Taka Kanohi Beta-Adrenergic Blocker i nga Tairitenga Prostaglandin?

He rongoā whai hua ngā pata karu beta-blocker me ngā tūāhua prostaglandin mō te glaucoma me te pēhanga karu, engari he rerekē te mahi me ngā painga. Ko te kōwhiringa "pai ake" ka whakawhirinaki ki ō āhuatanga takitahi me te hītori rongoā.

He maha ngā wā ka pai ake ngā tūāhua prostaglandin hei rongoā tuatahi nā te mea he tino whai hua ki te whakaheke i te pēhanga karu, ā, kotahi noa te whakamahi i ia rā. Ka taea e rātou te whakaheke i te pēhanga karu mā te 25-30%, he iti ake i ngā beta-blockers i roto i te nuinga o te tangata.

Heoi anō, he pai ake pea ngā beta-blockers mō koe mēnā ka pā mai ngā pānga taha mai i ngā tūāhua prostaglandin, pērā i te piki ake o te pūtaiao iris (ngā huringa tae karu) rānei te piki ake o te tipu o te kamo. Kāore hoki ngā beta-blockers e pā ana ki ēnei huringa whakapaipai.

Ka pai ake pea ngā beta-blockers mēnā he āhuatanga karu ō koe e pā ana ki te mumura pea ngā prostaglandins. I ētahi wā ka kōwhiria hoki mō te hunga he hītori o te wehenga retinal, ētahi momo pokanga karu rānei.

He maha ngā tāngata ka whakamahi i ngā momo rongoā e rua ngātahi mēnā kāore te kotahi anake e whakarato i te whakahaere pēhanga tika. Māu e tākuta e āwhina ki te whakatau ko tēhea rongoā, ko te huinga rānei e pai ana mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ngā Pātai Auau mō ngā Pata Karu Beta-Adrenergic Blocker

He Haumaru ngā Pata Karu Beta-Adrenergic Blocker mō te Hunga e Pā ana ki te Mate Ngākau?

Ka taea te whakamahi haumaru i ngā pata karu beta-blocker e te nuinga o te hunga e pā ana ki te mate ngākau, engari me tino arotake e tō tākuta. I te mea ka pā ēnei rongoā ki tō reiti ngākau me te pēhanga toto, ka whakaaro tō tākuta ki tō āhuatanga ngākau motuhake me ngā rongoā o nāianei.

Mēnā he pai te whakahaere i te mate ngākau, kāore te iti o te rongoā e uru ana mai i ngā pata karu e pā ana ki te āwangawanga. Heoi anō, mēnā he ngoikore ngākau nui tō, ētahi raruraru manawataki, rānei e tango ana i ngā rongoā ngākau motuhake, ka kōwhiri pea tō tākuta i tētahi momo pata karu rerekē.

Me whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tō tākuta ngākau me te tākuta kanohi mō tō mahere maimoatanga kia mōhio ai ngā rongoā katoa e mahi pai ana tahi. Mā te aroturuki i te hauora o tō ngākau me ō kanohi i ngā wā katoa e āwhina i te haumaru.

Me pēhea taku mahi mēnā ka whakamahi au i te nui rawa o ngā pata kanohi aukati beta-adrenergic?

Mēnā i tūpono ka whakatakoto koe i te nui ake i te kotahi te pata ki tō kanohi, i whakamahi rānei i ngā pata i te auau ake i te mea i tohua, kaua e mataku. Ka rere noa te rongoā nui atu i tō kanohi, ā, he iti noa ngā raruraru nui mai i te whakamahi nui i ngā wā.

Ka pāngia pea e koe te pōuri o te kanohi mō te wā poto, te kite pōka, te pānga pūnaha ngawari rānei pēnei i te whēkau iti, te puhoi rānei o te ngākau. Me ngaro noa ēnei pānga i roto i ngā hāora torutoru.

Mēnā ka pāngia e koe te uaua ki te manawa, te mamae o te uma, te whēkau nui rānei, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta, rapu rānei i te āwhina hauora tonu. Mō te wā anō, mahara, kāore te nui ake o ngā pata e whakarato i te pai ake o te whakahaere i te pēhanga, ā, ka piki pea ngā pānga taha.

Hoki atu ki tō mahere inenga i ngā wā katoa me tō inenga e whai ake nei. Kaua e ngana ki te utu mā te karo i ngā inenga, te huri rānei i tō wā.

Me pēhea taku mahi mēnā ka ngaro au i tētahi inenga o ngā pata kanohi aukati beta-adrenergic?

Mēnā ka ngaro koe i tētahi inenga, whakamahia i te wā e mahara ana koe, ki te kore e tata ana te wā mō tō inenga e whai ake nei. I taua wā, karo i te inenga i ngaro, ka haere tonu ki tō mahere i ngā wā katoa.

Kaua rawa e whakamahi i ngā pata atu hei utu mō tētahi inenga i ngaro, nā te mea ka piki pea tō tūponotanga ki ngā pānga taha me te kore e whakarato i te pai ake o te whakahaere i te pēhanga. Kāore tō pēhanga kanohi e piki mō te ngaro i tētahi inenga kotahi.

Mēnā ka wareware koe i ngā inenga i ngā wā katoa, ngana ki te whakatakoto i te whakaoho i ia rā, ki te whakamahi rānei i tētahi taupānga whakamahara pire. He mea nui te whakamahi i ngā wā katoa mō te pupuri i te pai o te whakahaere i te pēhanga kanohi i te roanga o te wā.

Mēnā ka ngaro koe i ētahi inenga i te rarangi, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta mō te ārahitanga. Ka hiahia pea rātou ki te tirotiro i tō pēhanga kanohi kia mōhio ai kāore i piki nui.

Āhea ka taea e au te whakamutu i te tango i ngā pata kanohi aukati beta-adrenergic?

Me whakamutu noa koe i te whakamahi i ngā pata kanohi aukati beta-blocker i raro i te tirotiro a tō tākuta. Ko te glaucoma me te pēhanga kanohi he mate tawhito e hiahia ana ki te rongoā i te roanga o te oranga hei aukati i te ngaronga o te tirohanga.

Ka whakaaro pea tō tākuta ki te whakamutu, ki te huri rānei i tō rongoā mēnā ka pūta mai ngā pānga taha e kore e taea te whakawhāiti, mēnā ka iti rawa te pēhanga o tō kanohi, mēnā ka huri nui rānei tō āhuatanga. Heoi, me whakatau tēnei whakatau i ngātahi me tō kaiwhakarato hauora.

Mēnā kei te whakaaro koe ki te whakamutu i te rongoā nā te pānga taha, i ngā āwangawanga rānei, kōrerohia ēnei ki tō tākuta i te tuatahi. Ka taea e rātou te whakatika i tō rongoā, te huri rānei i a koe ki tētahi rongoā rerekē, kaua ki te whakamutu i te rongoā katoa.

Kia mahara ko te whakamutu ohorere i ēnei pata ka piki tere te pēhanga o tō kanohi, ka whara pea i mua i te kite i ngā tohu. He mea tika tō tirohanga ki te tiaki mā te rongoā tonu.

Ka taea e au te whakamahi i ngā pata kanohi aukati beta-adrenergic me ētahi atu rongoā kanohi?

Āe, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā pata kanohi aukati beta-blocker me ētahi atu rongoā kanohi. He maha ngā tāngata e hiahia ana ki te rongoā whakakotahi kia tutuki ai te mana whakahaere o te pēhanga kanohi, ā, ka tohua pea e tō tākuta ngā momo pata kanohi rerekē.

I te whakamahi i ngā pata kanohi maha, he mea nui kia tatari kia 5 meneti i waenga i ngā rongoā rerekē. Mā tēnei e ārai ai i a rātou ki te horoi i a rātou anō, me te whakarite kia whai wā te rongoā ki te uru tika.

Kei te wātea ētahi hua whakakotahi kei roto ngā aukati beta-blockers me ētahi atu rongoā whakaheke pēhanga i roto i te pounamu kotahi. He pai ake pea ēnei, ā, ka pai ake pea tō piri ki te rongoā.

Whakamōhio tonu ki tō tākuta mō ngā rongoā kanohi katoa e whakamahi ana koe, tae atu ki ngā roimata horihori, ētahi atu rongoā rānei. Ka taea e rātou te tohutohu i a koe mō te wā pai me te whakakotahitanga mō ō hiahia motuhake.