He aha te kano kano DTaP-HepB-IPV? Ngā tohumate, ngā take, me te rongoā i te kāinga

Ko te kano kano DTaP-HepB-IPV he werohanga whakakotahi e tiaki ana i ngā mate kino e rima i roto i te werohanga kotahi. E whakakotahi ana tēnei kano kano i te whakamarumaru ki te korokoro, te tetanahi, te pertussis pūtau-kore (maremare), te hepatitis B, me te polio ki roto i te horopeta kotahi e tukuna ana mā te werohanga uaua, te nuinga ki te huha, ki te ringa rānei o tāu tamaiti.

He maha ngā wā ka tūtohu ngā kaiwhakarato hauora i tēnei kano kano whakakotahi mō ngā pēpi me ngā tamariki nohinohi nā te mea ka whakaiti i te tapeke o ngā werohanga e hiahiatia ana i te wā e whakarato ana i te whakamarumaru whānui. Ka āwhina te kano kano i te pūnaha ārai mate o tāu tamaiti ki te ako ki te mōhio me te whawhai i ēnei mate i mua i te tūtakitanga ki a rātou i te ao tūturu.

He aha te kano kano DTaP-HepB-IPV?

Ko te kano kano DTaP-HepB-IPV he werohanga rima-i-te-kotahi e tiaki ana i te korokoro, te tetanahi, te pertussis pūtau-kore, te hepatitis B, me te polio. E whai ana ia wāhanga i tētahi mate motuhake ka puta he raruraru kino, he mate rānei, ina koa ki ngā tamariki nohinohi.

Kei roto i tēnei kano kano whakakotahi ngā wāhanga ngoikore, ngā wāhanga rānei kāore i te kaha o ēnei rauropi e pā ana ki te mate, e ako ana i tō pūnaha ārai mate me pēhea te mōhio me te whawhai i ngā mate tūturu. Ka tukuna te kano kano hei werohanga intramuscular, ko te tikanga ka uru tika ki roto i te kiko uaua kei hea ngā pūtau ārai mate e pai ai te urupare ki a ia.

Ko te tikanga ka hoatu e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora tēnei kano kano ki ngā pēpi ka tīmata i te 2 marama te pakeke hei wāhanga o te hōtaka ārai mate tamarikitanga. Ko te whakatakotoranga whakakotahi te tikanga he iti ake ngā ngira mō tāu tamaiti i te wā e pupuri ana i te taumata whakamarumaru rite tonu ki ngā kano kano takitahi.

He pēhea te ahua o te whiwhi i te kano kano DTaP-HepB-IPV?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki ka pā ki te mamae ngawari noa i te wā o te werohanga, he rite ki te kōpeke tere, ki te wero rānei e mau ana mō te torutoru hēkona. Ka tūpono pea ka mamae, ka pā rānei te wāhi werohanga mō te rā, e rua rānei i muri mai, he rite tonu te ahua i muri i tētahi atu werohanga.

Ka puta pea he pūkohu iti, whero ki te wāhi werohanga, ka paku pōuri rānei ngā tamariki mō te 24-48 haora. He mea noa ēnei urupare, e whakaatu ana kei te tika te urupare a te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tamaiti ki te kano ārai mate.

I ētahi wā, ka piki te kirika iti o ngā tamariki, ka mōhio rānei he paku ngenge ake i te tikanga mō te rā, e rua rānei. Ko ēnei tohumate ngawari ka ngaro noa iho, kāore he rongoā, he tohu hoki kei te mahi tika te kano ārai mate.

He aha ngā take e puta ai ngā urupare ki te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV?

Ka puta ngā urupare ngawari ki te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV nā te mea kei te ako kaha te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tamaiti ki te mōhio me te urupare ki ngā wāhanga o te kano ārai mate. Mā tēnei urupare ārai mate e hanga ngā paturopi hei tiaki i ngā mate ā muri ake nei mai i ēnei mate.

Ko te wāhanga pertussis o te kano ārai mate te mea e pā mai ai ngā pānga taha ngawari pēnei i te pōuri, i te kirika iti rānei. Ka whakaaro te pūnaha ārai mate i ngā wāhanga o te kano ārai mate he mea ke, ka whakatū he urupare tiaki, i ētahi wā ka puta te raruraru rangitahi.

Ka rerekē pea te urupare o ngā tamariki takitahi i runga i ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate ahurei, te pakeke, me te hauora whānui. Kāore ētahi tamariki e kite i tētahi urupare, ētahi atu rānei ka pā mai ngā tohumate ngawari ka tere te ngaro.

He aha ngā āhuatanga e tiakina ana e te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV?

E whakarato ana tēnei kano ārai mate whakakotahi i te tiaki i ngā mate hopuhopu kino e rima, ka puta he raruraru nui, he mate rānei, ina koa ki ngā tamariki nohinohi. E whāia ana e ia mate ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tinana, ka puta pea he raruraru hauora mō te wā roa ki te pā mai.

Me haere tahi tātou i ngā mea e tiakina ana e ia wāhanga, kia mōhio ai koe he aha te take e whai pānga nui ana tēnei tiaki whānui ki te hauora o tō tamaiti:

• Te Kōpū: He mate pāwera e hanga ana i tētahi apa matotoru i roto i te korokoro, e uaua ai te manawa, ā, ka pā pea ki ngā raruraru o te ngākau
• Te Tetanus: He mate pāwera e pā ana ki ngā uaua nui, ā, ka puta te "lockjaw" i te wā e mārō ana ngā uaua o te kauae
• Te Pertussis (Kōroke): He mate manawa tino pāwera e pā ana ki ngā whiu mare nui, ā, ka mōrearea pea ki te ora i ngā pēpi
• Te Hepatitis B: He mate huaketo e whakaeke ana i te ate, ā, ka pā pea ki te mate ate mau tonu, te cirrhosis, te mate rānei o te ate
• Te Polio: He mate huaketo e pā ana ki te pararutiki me te ngoikore o ngā uaua, i ētahi wā ka pā ki ngā uaua manawa

I mua, he mate tamariki noa ēnei mate i pā ai te tini o ngā mate me ngā hauātanga i ia tau. I tēnei rā, he mihi ki ngā hōtaka kano ārai mate, he mea onge rātou i ngā whenua whai reiti kano ārai mate tiketike, engari ka mau tonu te whakamarumaru i te wā e mau ana te uhi ārai mate tiketike.

Ka taea e ngā tauhohenga kano ārai mate te whakaora i a rātou anō?

Āe, te nuinga o ngā tauhohenga ki te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV ka whakaora katoa i a rātou anō i roto i te 24-48 haora me te kore he rongoā. Ka tukatuka noa te tinana o tāu tamaiti i ngā wāhanga o te kano ārai mate, ā, ka tere te whakatau o te urupare mumura ngawari.

Ko ngā tauhohenga noa pēnei i te mamae i te wāhi werohanga, te ngāwari ngawari, te kirika iti rānei ka eke ki te tihi i te rā tuatahi, ā, ka pai haere. He wā poto noa ēnei tauhohenga, ā, kāore e pā ana ki ngā raruraru, ki ngā raruraru rānei e mau tonu ana.

Heoi anō, he roa te whakamarumaru e whakaratohia ana e te kano ārai mate, ā, ka whakarato i te whakamarumaru mō ngā tau maha. Ahakoa ka tere te memeha o ngā pānga taha wā poto, ka noho tonu ngā paturopi whakamarumaru i roto i te pūnaha o tāu tamaiti hei tiaki i ngā mate a muri ake nei.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tauhohenga kano ārai mate i te kāinga?

Ka taea e koe te āwhina i tō tamaiti kia pai ake te noho i muri i te werohanga mā ētahi huarahi ngawari, ngawari hoki hei whakamāmā i te mamae iti. Mā ēnei tikanga tiaki kāinga e whakaiti te mamae, ā, e āwhina i tō tamaiti kia okioki pai ake i te wā e whakautu ana tōna pūnaha ārai mate ki te kano ārai mate.

Anei ētahi huarahi haumaru me te whai hua hei whakahaere i ngā tauhohenga kano ārai mate noa i te kāinga:

• Whakamahia he kakahu mātao, mākū ki te wāhi werohanga mō te 10-15 meneti hei whakaiti i te pūhi me te mamae
• Hoatu he awhi me te whakamarie anō i te mea he pai ake te āhua o ngā tamariki mā te aro me te whakamarie anō
• Tukuna he wai nui kia noho wai tō tamaiti, ina koa he kirika iti tōna
• Whakamahia ngā rongoā whakaiti mamae e tika ana mō te tau pēnei i te acetaminophen, te ibuprofen rānei mēnā ka tūtohu tō tākuta mō te mamae
• Whakatenatena i te nekehanga ngawari o te ringa, te waewae rānei i te wāhi i werohia ai te kano ārai mate hei ārai i te mārō

Kia mahara kāore koe e hiahia ki te rongoā i ngā tauhohenga ngawari katoa - he pai te nuinga o ngā tamariki mā te whakamarie me te okioki anō. Whakapono ki ō pūngao mō te mea e hiahia ana tō tamaiti, kaua e whakaroa ki te whakapā atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mēnā he āwangawanga ōna.

He aha te rongoā hauora mō ngā tauhohenga kano ārai mate nui?

He tino onge ngā tauhohenga nui ki te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV, engari kua rite ngā kaiwhakarato hauora ki te rongoā i a rātou mēnā ka puta. He tikanga me ngā rongoā motuhake ā ngā tākuta hauora mō ngā tauhohenga mate pāwera nui, ngā raruraru rānei.

Mēnā ka puta he tauhohenga mate pāwera nui (anaphylaxis), ka hoatu tonu e ngā kaimahi hauora te epinephrine me ētahi atu rongoā ohorere. Kua whakapaipaihia ngā whare hauora e hoatu ana i ngā kano ārai mate ki ngā taonga ohorere me ngā kaimahi whakangungu ki te whakahaere i ēnei āhuatanga onge engari nui.

Ko te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakarato kano ārai mate e tono ana kia tatari koe mō te 15-20 meneti i muri i te werohanga kia mātakitaki mō ngā tauhohenga tonu. Mā tēnei wā tatari e āhei ai ngā kaimahi hauora ki te tautuhi tere me te rongoā i ngā raruraru ka puta pea i muri tonu i te werohanga.

Āhea au e whakapā atu ai ki tētahi tākuta mō ngā tauhohenga kano ārai mate?

Me whakapā atu koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mēnā ka puta ngā tohumate o tāu tamaiti e ahua nui ake ana i ngā tauhohenga kano ārai mate ngawari. Ahakoa he mea noa, he mea tūmanakohia te nuinga o ngā tauhohenga, me whai whakaaro ngā tohu ki te āwhina hauora kia mōhio ai koe ki te haumaru me te whakamarie o tāu tamaiti.

He mea nui kia mōhio koe āhea ngā tauhohenga kua neke atu i te awhe noa, kia whiwhi ai koe i te āwhina hauora e tika ana ina hiahiatia:

• Te kirika nui i runga ake i te 104°F (40°C) kāore e aro ki ngā rongoā whakaheke kirika
• Te pukuriri nui, te tangi rānei e roa ana i te 3 haora, kāore e taea te whakamarie
• Ngā tohu o te tauhohenga pāwera pērā i te mōkitokito, te pūhihi o te kanohi, te korokoro rānei, te uaua rānei ki te manawa
• Ngā pōrearea, ngā ngāueue rānei o tētahi momo, ahakoa he poto
• Te moe nui, te uaua rānei ki te ara i tāu tamaiti
• Te pūhihi nui, te whero, te mahana rānei i te wāhi werohanga e kino haere ana i muri i te 24 haora

Waea atu ki te 911 tonu mēnā he uaua te manawa o tāu tamaiti, he pūhihi nui, e ahua ana rānei kei te tauhohenga pāwera nui. E hiahiatia ana e ēnei tohumate te āwhina hauora ohorere, ahakoa he mea tino noa ki tēnei kano ārai mate.

He aha ngā āhuatanga mō ngā tauhohenga kano ārai mate?

Ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tamariki te whiwhi i te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV me te kore he pōrearea nui o ngā tauhohenga. Heoi, ko ētahi āhuatanga hauora, ngā wheako o mua rānei ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ētahi tamariki ki te tauhohenga, ki te kore rānei e taea te whiwhi i te kano ārai mate.

Ka arotakehia e tō kaiwhakarato hauora te hītori rongoā o tō tamaiti i mua i te werohanga hei tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga mōrearea. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga ka mōhio ai ka whiwhi tō tamaiti i te kano ārai mate i runga i te haumaru me te tika.

Koinei ngā mea nui hei whakaaro ake ka pā ki te haumaru, ki te wā rānei o te kano ārai mate:

• He pānga mate pāwera nui i mua ki tētahi wāhanga o te kano ārai mate, ki tētahi horopeta rānei i mua
• He mate tūpono ki te pōrohe i tēnei wā me te kirika, tērā pea me whakawhāiti te werohanga
• Ngā mate o te pūnaha ārai mate e pā ana ki te āhua o te tinana e urupare ana ki ngā kano ārai mate
• Ngā pōrohe i mua, ngā āhuatanga rānei o te io ka kino ake pea i te kirika
• Ngā mate toto ka raru pea i ngā werohanga intramuscular

Ko te whai i ēnei āhuatanga mōrearea kāore i te kī ka kore tō tamaiti e whiwhi i te kano ārai mate, engari ko te tikanga ka whai ngā kaiwhakarato hauora i ngā whakatūpato anō, ka whakarerekē rānei i te hōtaka werohanga ina hiahiatia.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mēnā kāore i werohia?

Ko ngā mate e ārai ana i te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV ka puta ngā raruraru nui, ka mōrearea te ora, he nui noa atu te kino i ngā pānga taha o te kano ārai mate. Ki te kore he werohanga, ka noho whakaraerae ngā tamariki ki ēnei mate ka taea te ārai, ka puta te hauatanga tūturu, te mate rānei.

Mā te māramatanga ki ngā raruraru ka puta ka whakatakoto i ngā painga me ngā mōrearea o te kano ārai mate i te tirohanga tika. Ko ngā mate e ārai ana i tēnei kano ārai mate i te wā o mua i puta te mamae nui, kei te pērā tonu i ngā wāhi he iti te reiti werohanga.

He raru nui ōna ake me ngā hua tūturu ka puta i ia mate:

• Ngā raruraru o te mate korokoro: Te korenga o te ngākau, te pararutiki, ngā raruraru manawa, me te mate i roto i te 5-10% o ngā tūāpānga
• Ngā raruraru o te mate tetanahi: Ngā kōpiko uaua kaha, ngā whati wheua, ngā uaua manawa, me te mate i roto i te 10-20% o ngā tūāpānga
• Ngā raruraru o te mate pētihi: Te pūkahukahu, te kino o te roro, ngā pōrearea, me te mate, inā koa ki ngā pēpi kei raro i te 6 marama
• Ngā raruraru o te mate Hepatitis B: Te mate ate tawhito, te cirrhosis, te mate pukupuku ate, me te mate mai i te korenga o te ate
• Ngā raruraru o te mate polio: Te pararutiki tūturu, ngā raruraru manawa, me te mate mai i te korenga o te manawa

He nui ake te auau o ēnei raruraru ki ngā tāngata kāore i werohia e pangia ana e ēnei mate i te whakataurite ki ngā tauhohenga kino onge mai i te werohanga. He ara haumaru ake te werohanga ki te whakawhanake i te ārai atu i te tūponotanga o te pangia māori.

He pai, he kino rānei te werohanga DTaP-HepB-IPV mō te pūnaha ārai mate o taku tamaiti?

He tino pai te werohanga DTaP-HepB-IPV mō te pūnaha ārai mate o tāu tamaiti nā te mea e whakangungu ana i ngā pūtau ārai mate kia mōhio me te whawhai i ngā mate kino. Kāore i te whakaiti i te pūnaha ārai mate, engari e whakakaha ana i te pūnaha ārai mate mā te whakarato i te whakaaturanga whakahaere ki ngā wāhanga mate me te kore e pā mai te mate.

Ka taea e te pūnaha ārai mate o tāu tamaiti te whakahaere i te maha o ngā paturopi i te wā kotahi - inā, ka tūtaki ngā tamariki ki ngā mano o ngā paturopi ia rā mā ngā mahi noa pēnei i te kai, te manawa, me te tākaro. He wāhanga iti noa iho o ngā paturopi e whakahaerehia ana e te pūnaha ārai mate o tāu tamaiti kei roto i te werohanga.

Ka āwhina te werohanga i te pūnaha ārai mate o tāu tamaiti ki te whakawhanake i te mahara ārai mate, e hanga ana i ngā pūtau motuhake e mahara ana ki te whawhai i ēnei mate mō ngā tau e haere ake nei. Mā tēnei whakamarumaru ka taea e tāu tamaiti te karo i ngā raruraru nui ka pā mai i ēnei mate i te wā e hanga ana i te ārai kaha.

He aha ngā tauhohenga werohanga DTaP-HepB-IPV ka taea te pōhēhē?

Ka pohehe pea ngā tauhohenga ā-wero ā-mate ngawari mō ētahi atu raruraru noa o te tamarikitanga, ina koa he maha ngā tamariki nohinohi e pā ana ki ngā mate iti me ngā raruraru. Ko te wā o ngā tohumate i muri i te werohanga te tikanga e āwhina ana ki te wehe i ngā tauhohenga ā-wero ā-mate i ētahi atu āhuatanga.

Ko ngā tauhohenga ā-wero ā-mate noa te tikanga ka tīmata i roto i te 24-48 haora i muri i te werohanga, ka ngaro i roto i ētahi rā. Mēnā ka puta ngā tohumate i muri mai, ka roa rānei i te mea e tika ana, he nui ake te tūponotanga e pā ana ki tētahi atu mea i tūtaki ai tāu tamaiti.

Ngā āhuatanga noa e rite ana ki ngā tauhohenga ā-wero ā-mate ko:

• Ngā mate huaketo: Ka pā te kirika me te pōuri, engari ka roa te roa, ā, ka uru pea ētahi atu tohumate pēnei i te ihu e rere ana, te mare rānei
• Te niho: Ka pā te riri, i ētahi wā te kirika iti, engari te tikanga ka pā ki ngā kapua me ngā tauira huware
• Ngā mate taringa: Ka pā te kirika me te pōuri, engari he maha ngā wā ka uru te tō taringa, ngā raruraru moe, i ētahi wā te rerenga
• Ngā wharanga iti: Ka pohehe pea ngā maru, ngā pūpū rānei mō ngā tauhohenga wāhi werohanga mēnā ka puta tata ki te wāhi werohanga
• Ngā tairongo kai: Ka pā te pōuri, i ētahi wā te pāhēhē, engari te tikanga e pā ana ki ngā wā whāngai me ngā tohumate keri kai

Mēnā kāore koe i te mōhio mēnā e pā ana ngā tohumate ki te wero ā-mate, ki tētahi atu mea rānei, whakapā atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō te ārahi. Ka āwhina rātou ki te whakatau i te take me te tūtohu i te manaakitanga e tika ana.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te wero ā-mate DTaP-HepB-IPV

Q1: E hia ngā horopeta o te wero ā-mate DTaP-HepB-IPV e hiahiatia ana e taku tamaiti?

Te tikanga e hiahiatia ana e tāu tamaiti e toru ngā horopeta o te wero ā-mate DTaP-HepB-IPV hei wāhanga o tā rātou raupapa ā-mate tuatahi. Ko te tikanga ka hoatu e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora ēnei horopeta i te 2, 4, me te 6 marama te pakeke, e whai ana i te hōtaka werohanga tamariki e tūtohutia ana.

Whai muri i te raupapa tuatahi, ka hiahia tō tamaiti ki ētahi atu werohanga whakanui me ngā huinga kano ārai mate rerekē hei pupuri i te whakamarumaru i a rātou e tipu ana. Mā tō kaiwhakarato hauora koe e ārahi mā roto i te hōtaka werohanga katoa kia mōhio ai kei te whakamarumaru tō tamaiti i te wā o te tamarikitanga.

Q2: Ka taea e taku tamaiti te whiwhi i ētahi atu kano ārai mate i te wā kotahi me te DTaP-HepB-IPV?

Āe, ka taea e tō tamaiti te whiwhi i ētahi atu kano ārai mate tamariki i te haumaru i te wā kotahi me te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV. He maha ngā wā ka hoatu e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora ngā kano ārai mate maha i te wā kotahi hei pupuri i ngā tamariki i runga i te hōtaka me te whakaiti i te maha o ngā haerenga ki te whare haumanu.

Ka hoatu ngā kano ārai mate ki ngā wāhi werohanga rerekē, te nuinga ki ngā ringa, ngā waewae rerekē rānei, hei whakaiti i te raruraru i tētahi wāhi kotahi. Kāore te whiwhi i ngā kano ārai mate maha i te wā kotahi e whakanui i te tūponotanga o ngā pānga taha nui, e whakaiti rānei i te whai huatanga o tētahi kano ārai mate takitahi.

Q3: Me aha au mēnā ka ngaro i taku tamaiti tētahi horopeta DTaP-HepB-IPV kua whakaritea?

Mēnā ka ngaro i tō tamaiti tētahi horopeta kua whakaritea, whakapā atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te whakarite anō i te wā e taea ai. Kāore koe e hiahia ki te tīmata anō i te raupapa kano ārai mate katoa - ka taea e tō tamaiti te haere tonu mai i te wā i mutu ai rātou i te hōtaka.

Kāore he wā i waenga i ngā horopeta, nō reira ahakoa kua pahure te wā nui, kei te tatau tonu ngā horopeta o mua ki te whakamarumaru katoa. Mā tō kaiwhakarato hauora e whakatau te wā pai mō te hopu i ngā kano ārai mate kua ngaro i runga i te tau me te āhua hauora o tō tamaiti.

Q4: He haumaru te hoatu i te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV ki ngā pēpi tōmua?

Āe, me whiwhi ngā pēpi tōmua i te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV i runga i tō rātou tau ā-wā, kaua ko tō rātou tau kua whakatikatikahia. Ko te mea pono, kei te tūpono nui ake ngā pēpi tōmua ki ngā raruraru mai i ngā mate e ārai ana tēnei kano ārai mate, e whai pānga ana te werohanga i te wā tika.

Ka whai pea ngā kaiwhakarato hauora i ngā tūpato anō ina werohia ngā pēpi tōmua rawa, pērā i te aroturuki i a rātou i muri i te werohanga. Heoi, he haumaru, he whai hua hoki te kano ārai mate mō ngā pēpi tōmua, ā, e whakarato ana i te whakamarumaru nui i ngā marama tōmua e whakaraerae ana.

Q5: Ka taea e ngā pakeke te whiwhi i te kano ārai mate DTaP-HepB-IPV?

Ko te kano ārai mate huinga DTaP-HepB-IPV i hangaia mō ngā pēpi me ngā tamariki nohinohi. Ko ngā pakeke e hiahia ana ki te whakamarumaru mai i ēnei mate ka whiwhi i ngā hanganga kano ārai mate rerekē e tika ana mō tō rātou pakeke me te pakeketanga o te pūnaha ārai mate.

Ko te tikanga ka whiwhi ngā pakeke i ngā whakakaha Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis) ia 10 tau, me ngā kano ārai mate hepatitis B me te polio motuhake ki te hiahiatia. Ka taea e tō kaiwhakarato hauora te whakatau ko ēhea kano ārai mate e hiahia ana koe i runga i tō hītori werohanga, tō pakeke, me ngā āhuatanga tūpono.