Created at:1/13/2025
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He rongoā whakaheke toto kaha te Heparin e ārai ana i ngā pūpū toto mōrearea kia kore e hanga i tō tinana. E mahi ana tēnei rongoā werohia i te tere ki te aukati i tō toto kia kore e ngāwari rawa te pūpū, he mea whakaora ora i roto i ngā āhuatanga rongoā maha.
E whakamahi ana ngā kaiwhakarato hauora i te heparin i te wā e hiahia ana tō tinana i te whakamarumaru tonu ki ngā pūpū ka aukati i te rere o te toto ki ngā okana nui pēnei i tō ngākau, ngā pūkahukahu, rānei tō roro. Ko tētahi o ngā rongoā tino whakawhirinaki i roto i ngā hōhipera me ngā whare haumanu puta noa i te ao.
He rongoā whakaheke toto te Heparin e ārai ana i tō toto kia kore e hanga pūpū. Whakaarohia he whakangungu rakau whakamarumaru e pupuri ana i tō toto kia rere mārie ana i roto i ō uaua i te wā ka mōrearea te pūpū.
Nō ngā pūtake tūturu mai tēnei rongoā, ā, kua whakamahia marie mō ngā tau tekau. Kāore i rite ki ngā whakaheke toto ka taea e koe te tango mā te waha, e mahi tonu ana te heparin i te wā e werohia ana ki tō tinana. Ka taea e tō rōpū hauora te whakahaere i ōna pānga i te tika, e pai ana mō ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana te mahi tere.
He rerekē ngā kaha me ngā hanganga o te Heparin. Māu e whiriwhiri te momo tika i runga i ō hiahia rongoā motuhake me te pēhea te tata e hiahia ana rātou ki te aroturuki i ō taumata pūpū toto.
E rongoā ana te Heparin me te ārai i ngā pūpū toto ka whara i tō hauora. Ka tohutohu pea tō tākuta i a koe mēnā kei te tūpono koe ki ngā pūpū mōrearea, mēnā rānei kei a koe ētahi.
Koinei ngā take nui e whakamahi ana ngā kaiwhakarato hauora i te heparin, ā, mā te māramatanga ki ēnei ka āwhina i a koe kia māia ake mō tō rongoā:
Me mātua whakahaere tēnei āhuatanga katoa e te rōpū hauora, ā, ka whai wāhi te heparin ki te tiaki tonu i tō tinana. Ka mātakitaki tata tō rōpū hauora i a koe kia mōhio ai kei te whai hua te rongoā mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.
Ka mahi te heparin mā te aukati i ētahi pūmua i roto i ō toto e āwhina ana ki te hanga pūpū. Ka mutu te mahi o te pūpū toto o tō tinana i te wā e pōrearea ai tēnei mahi.
Ka pūpū ō toto hei aukati i te whakaheke toto i te wā e whara ana koe. Heoi, i ētahi wā ka hanga pūpū i roto i ō uaua toto i te wā kāore e tika ana. Ka ārai te heparin i tēnei mā te raru i tētahi pūmua e kīia ana ko te thrombin, he mea nui tōna mahi ki te hanga pūpū.
E whakaarohia ana tēnei rongoā he anticoagulant kaha nā te mea ka tere, ka whai hua hoki tōna mahi. I roto i ngā meneti i muri i te werohanga, ka tīmata te heparin ki te tiaki i a koe i ngā pūpū kino. He mea hoki e taea ana te huri, arā, ka taea e ngā tākuta te whakakore tere i te rongoā ki te hiahiatia.
Ka hāpai tonu te heparin mā te werohanga, ki roto rānei i te uaua (intravenous) ki raro rānei i te kiri (subcutaneous). Kāore e taea e koe te tango i tēnei rongoā mā te waha nā te mea ka pakaru tō pūnaha kūnatu i mua i te mahi.
Mēnā kei te hōhipera koe, ka hoatu e ngā nēhi te heparin ki a koe mā te raina IV i tō ringa. Mā tēnei ka taea te tuku tonu me te whakahaere tika i te horopeta. Mō ngā werohanga i raro i te kiri, ka uru te rongoā ki roto i te kiko momona i raro i tō kiri, te nuinga i tō puku, i tō huha rānei.
Ka whakaako tō rōpū hauora i a koe, i tō whānau rānei me pēhea te hoatu werohanga i raro i te kiri mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te haere tonu i te rongoā i te kāinga. Me huri ngā wāhi werohanga kia kore ai e riri, ā, ka whiwhi koe i ngā tohutohu taipitopito mō te tikanga tika.
Kāore i rite ki ētahi rongoā, kāore te heparin e hiahia kia kai koe i mua i te tango. Heoi, me whai koe i ngā tohutohu motuhake ka hoatu e tō rōpū hauora ki a koe mō te wā me te whakarite.
Ko te roa o te rongoā heparin e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō āhuatanga hauora me te pai o tō urupare ki te rongoā. E hiahia ana ētahi tāngata mō ētahi rā noa, engari ka hiahia ētahi atu mō ētahi wiki o te rongoā.
Mō te ārai i ngā kōpuku i te wā o te pokanga, ka whiwhi pea koe i te heparin mō te rā, e rua rānei. Mēnā kei te rongoatia koe mō te kōpuku toto e noho ana, ka tohutohu pea tō tākuta i te heparin mō ētahi rā ki ngā wiki i mua i te huri ki te whakaheke toto waha.
Ka aroturuki tō rōpū hauora i tō toto i ngā wā katoa mā ngā whakamātautau e kiia nei ko PTT, ko ngā taumata anti-Xa rānei. Mā ēnei whakamātautau e āwhina ana i a rātou ki te whakatau i te horopeta tika me te roa mō ō hiahia motuhake. Kaua rawa e mutu te tango i te heparin ohorere me te kore e kōrero ki tō tākuta, nā te mea ka tūpono koe ki ngā kōpuku mōrearea.
Pērā i ngā rongoā katoa, ka taea e te heparin te pānga taha, ahakoa te nuinga o ngā tāngata e pai ana ki te tango. Ko te āwangawanga nui ko te toto, nā te mea ka kore te rongoā e kōpuku tō toto.
Anei ngā pānga taha ka pā ki a koe, ā, mā te mōhio ki ngā mea hei mātakitaki ka āwhina koe kia noho haumaru i te wā o te rongoā:
Ko ēnei pānga taha noa e taea ana te whakahaere, kāore hoki e hiahiatia te whakamutu i te rongoā. Mā te rōpū hauora e āwhina i a koe ki te taurite i ngā painga o te aukati i ngā toto kino ki ēnei tūponotanga e taea ana te whakahaere.
He onge ngā pānga taha nui ake, engari me whai wāhi tonu te rongoā. Whakapā atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora i te wā tonu mēnā ka pā ki a koe te toto nui, ngā tohu o te toto o roto pēnei i te tūtae pango, te mamae o te upoko rānei.
Ka puta he āhuatanga onge engari he nui te raru e kīia ana ko te heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Ka pā tēnei i te wā e urupare ana tō pūnaha ārai mate ki te heparin, e heke ana tō tatau platelet ki te taumata kino. Ka aroturukihia e tō tākuta ō tatau toto i ngā wā katoa hei mātakitaki i tēnei.
Kāore e taea e ētahi tāngata te tango heparin i te mea he nui ake te tūponotanga o te toto, ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora rānei. Ka āta arotakehia e tō tākuta tō hītori hauora i mua i te whakahau i tēnei rongoā.
Kāore koe e tango heparin mēnā kei te toto koe i hea i tō tinana. Kei roto i tēnei te toto i tō roro, puku, i ētahi atu okana rānei. Ka kino ake te rongoā i tēnei toto, ā, ka raru pea te ora.
Kāore hoki e taea e ngā tāngata he iti rawa te tatau platelet te tango heparin. Ka āwhina ngā platelet i tō toto ki te whakakotahi, nō reira ko te iti rawa o rātou me te heparin ka waihanga i te tūponotanga toto kino.
Ko ēnei ētahi atu āhuatanga ka aukati i a koe ki te tango heparin:
Ka whakatauritehia e tō rōpū hauora ēnei tūponotanga ki ngā painga o te ārai i ngā pūhui toto mōrearea. I ētahi wā he tiketike rawa te tūponotanga o ngā pūhui, nō reira ko te whakamahi tōtika i te heparin te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu, ahakoa te tūponotanga o te toto.
E wātea ana te Heparin i raro i ētahi ingoa waitohu, ahakoa he maha ngā hōhipera me ngā whare haumanu e whakamahi ana i ngā putanga whānui. Ko ngā ingoa waitohu tino noa ko Hep-Lock, HepFlush, me Monoject Prefill.
He rite tonu te mahi a ngā momo heparin katoa, ahakoa ka whiwhi koe i te ingoa waitohu, i te putanga whānui rānei. Ko te mea nui ko te whiwhi i te horopeta me te momo tika mō ō hiahia rongoā motuhake, ehara i te ingoa waitohu motuhake.
Ka kōwhiria e tō rōpū hauora te whakahāngai tino tika i runga i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kukū, te pōkai, me te pēhea te whakamahere ki te whakahaere i tō rongoā.
He maha ētahi atu rongoā ka ārai i ngā pūhui toto mēnā kāore te heparin i te tika mōu. He rerekē te mahi a ēnei kōwhiringa kē atu, engari he rite tonu ngā kaupapa i te tiaki i a koe i ngā pūhui mōrearea.
Ko ngā heparini taumaha ngota iti pēnei i te enoxaparin (Lovenox) e pātata ana ki te heparin auau engari ka roa ake te mahi, me te iti ake o te aroturuki. He pai ake pea ēnei mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te rongoā i te kāinga, e pai ana rānei koe ki te iti ake o ngā werohanga.
Ko ngā rongoā hou e kiia nei ko ngā anticoagulants waha tika (DOACs) kei roto ko te apixaban (Eliquis), te rivaroxaban (Xarelto), me te dabigatran (Pradaxa). He rerekē te mahi a ēnei pire i te heparin engari ka ārai i ngā pūhui i te whai hua mō te maha o ngā āhuatanga.
Ka āwhina tō tākuta i a koe ki te mārama ko tēhea kōwhiringa ka pai ake mō tō āhuatanga. E whakawhirinaki ana te kōwhiringa ki tō āhuatanga motuhake, ētahi atu rongoā e tango ana koe, me ō hiahia oranga.
He pai rawa ngā rongoā whakaheke toto a Heparin me warfarin, engari he rerekē te mahi i ngā āhuatanga rerekē. Ka mahi tonu a Heparin i te wā e werohia ana, i te wā e tango ana koe i ngā pire, ka roa te wā ki te whai pānga katoa a warfarin.
Mō te whakamarumaru tonu i ngā pūhui, he pai ake te kōwhiringa a Heparin. Ki te whai pokanga koe, ki te pā mai he pūhui kaha, ki te hiahia koe ki te whakaheke toto tere, ka whai wāhi tere a Heparin e hiahia ana koe.
He pai ake te mahi a Warfarin mō te aukati pūhui wā-roa nā te mea ka taea e koe te tango i te pire ia rā i te kāinga. He maha ngā tāngata ka tīmata ki te Heparin i te hōhipera, ka huri ki te warfarin mō te whakamarumaru tonu.
Ka whakaaro tō rōpū hauora ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te tere o tō hiahia whakamarumaru, te roa o tō hiahia rongoā, me tō kaha ki te tiki i ngā whakamātautau toto auau i te wā e kōwhiri ana i waenga i ēnei rongoā.
Āe, he haumaru te Heparin i te wā e hapū ana i te wā e kore ai ētahi atu rongoā whakaheke toto. Kāore i rite ki te warfarin, kāore a Heparin e whiti i te pūwhaka, nō reira kāore e pā ki tō pēpi e tipu ana.
I ētahi wā ka hiahia ngā wāhine hapū ki ngā rongoā whakaheke toto mō ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te thrombosis uaua hōhonu, ētahi āhuatanga ngākau rānei. Ka whai whakamarumaru whai hua a Heparin i te wā e noho haumaru ana tō pēpi i ngā pānga o te rongoā.
Ka aroturuki tata tō tākuta i a koe i te wā e hapū ana kia mōhio kei te whiwhi koe i te horopeta tika. Ka rerekē pea te nui o te Heparin e hiahia ana koe i te wā e haere ana tō hapūtanga.
Whakapā atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora tonu mēnā kei te whakaaro koe kua nui rawa te heparin i whiwhi koe. Ahakoa he mea whakahihiri, ka taea te whakahaere pai i te horopeta nui o te heparin mā te manaaki hauora tika.
Ko te mōrearea nui o te nui rawa o te heparin ko te toto. Kia mataara mō ngā tohu pēnei i te pānga kikokiko kīhaki kore, te toto e kore e mutu, te toto i roto i te mimi, te tūtae rānei, te mamae nui rānei o te upoko. E hiahia ana ēnei tohu kia āta tirohia e te tākuta.
Mēnā e tika ana, ka taea e ngā tākuta te hoatu rongoā ki a koe hei whakakore i ngā pānga o te heparin. Ko te protamine sulfate he rongoā hei whakakore i te heparin mēnā ka puta te toto nui.
Mēnā kua ngaro i a koe tētahi horopeta heparin, whakapā atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō te tohutohu, kaua e ngana ki te whakatika i a koe anō. He mea nui te wā me te horopeta o te heparin mō tō haumaru.
Kaua e rua ngā horopeta, kaua rānei e ngana ki te whakatika i ngā werohanga kua ngaro. Ka taea e tēnei te nui rawa o te rongoā i roto i tō pūnaha me te whakanui i te mōrearea o te toto.
Ka āwhina tō rōpū hauora i a koe ki te whakatau i te huarahi pai ki te hoki ki te ara tika me tō hōtaka horopeta i runga i te haumaru.
Kaua rawa e mutu te tango heparin me te kore te tohutohu a tō tākuta, ahakoa kei te pai ake koe. Ko te whakamutu ohorere ka waiho koe i te mōrearea mō ngā pūhui toto kino.
Ka whakatau tō rōpū hauora i te wā e haumaru ana te whakamutu i runga i tō āhuatanga, ngā hua o te whakamātautau toto, me te hauora whānui. Ka huri ētahi tāngata ki ngā rongoā whakaheke toto waha, i te wā e taea ana e ētahi atu te whakamutu i ngā rongoā whakaheke toto katoa.
Ko te whakatau ki te whakamutu kei runga i te take i hiahia ai koe ki te heparin i te tuatahi, me te mea kua iti iho te mōrearea o te pūhui toto i te nui hei waiho i te haumaru.
He pai ake te karo i te waipiro, te whakawhāiti rānei i te wā e tango ana i te heparin. Ka taea e te waipiro te whakanui i tō mōrearea toto me te whakararu i te pai o te mahi o te rongoā.
E pā ana te waipiro me te heparin ki te kaha o tō toto ki te pūhui, nō reira he mōrearea te whakakotahi. Ahakoa he iti noa te waipiro ka piki ake te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru toto.
Kōrerohia ki tō tākuta mō te whakamahi waipiro i te wā e rongoa ana koe ki te heparin. Ka taea e rātou te tuku tohutohu motuhake ki a koe i runga i tō āhua hauora me te roa o tō rongoā.