He aha te Isoniazid: Ngā Whakamahinga, te Inenga, ngā Pānga taha me ētahi atu

Ko te Isoniazid he rongoā paturopi i hangaia hei rongoā i te mate kohi (TB), he mate huakita nui e pā ana ki ngā pūkahukahu. E mahi ana tēnei rongoā mā te aukati i te tipu o ngā huakita TB i tō tinana, e āwhina ana i tō pūnaha ārai mate ki te whawhai i te mate i te pai ake.

Ka tohua pea koe ki te isoniazid mēnā he mate TB tō, mēnā rānei i pā atu koe ki te TB me te hiahia rongoā ārai. Ko tētahi o ngā rongoā rārangi tuatahi nui e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta ki te whawhai i tēnei āhuatanga e mōrearea ana ki te ora, ā, kua āwhina i te tangata ki te ora mai i te TB mō ngā tau tekau.

He aha te Isoniazid?

Ko te Isoniazid he paturopi kaha e noho ana ki tētahi rōpū rongoā e kiia ana ko ngā rongoā antitubercular. E whai ana i ngā huakita e pā ana ki te mate kohi, e kiia ana ko Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

E rua ngā momo matua o tēnei rongoā: ngā papa, ngā kāpene rānei ka tango koe mā te waha, me tētahi otinga werohia ka taea e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora te hoatu ki a koe mā te werohanga uaua. Ko te momo waha te mea e tino kitea ana, ā, ko te mea e whakamahia ana e te nuinga o te tangata mō tā rātou rongoā TB.

Kua noho mai te Isoniazid mai i ngā tau 1950, ā, kei te noho tonu ko tētahi o ngā patu tino whai hua e mau ana i a mātou ki te TB. E kiia ana he rongoā nui e te World Health Organization nā te mea kua whakamatauria i te rongoā i tēnei mate nui.

He aha te Isoniazid e whakamahia ana?

E rongoā ana te Isoniazid i te mate kohi kaha, ā, e āwhina ana ki te ārai i te TB i te tangata i pā atu ki ngā huakita. Mā tō tākuta e whakatau te momo rongoā e hiahia ana koe i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Mō te mate TB kaha, ka whakamahia te isoniazid i te taha o ētahi atu rongoā TB i roto i te mea e kiia ana e ngā tākuta ko te rongoā whakakotahi. E āwhina ana tēnei huarahi ki te whakarite kia kore ngā huakita e aukati i te rongoā, ā, ka hoatu ki a koe te tūponotanga pai ki te ora katoa.

Ka whakamahia hoki te rongoa nei mō te mate TB huna, arā, kei roto i tō tinana ngā huakita TB engari kāore anō koe i te mate. I tēnei wā, ka āwhina te isoniazid ki te ārai i ngā huakita kia kore e kaha, kia kore e waiho koe i te tūroru. He mea nui tēnei rongoā ārai mēnā he nui ake tō tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i te TB kaha nā te mea he mate pēnei i te HIV, te mate huka rānei.

Me pēhea te mahi a te Isoniazid?

Ka mahi te isoniazid mā te raru i te kaha o ngā huakita TB ki te hanga me te tiaki i ō rātou pakitara pūtau. Ki te kore he pakitara pūtau tika, e kore e ora, e kore e piki ngā huakita i roto i tō tinana.

Whakaarohia me te tango i te tūāpapa mai i te whare - ki te kore tēnei hanganga nui, e kore e taea e ngā huakita te noho. Ko tēnei huarahi whāinga ka tino whai hua te isoniazid ki ngā huakita TB, ā, he ngawari ake ki ngā pūtau hauora o tō tinana.

E kiia ana he kaha te rongoā nei, ko te tikanga he kaha ki te whawhai i te TB, engari he iti ake ngā pānga taha kino i ētahi atu paturopi. Heoi, me mātakitaki tō tākuta kia mōhio kei te pai te mahi, ā, kāore he raruraru e puta.

Me pēhea taku tango i te Isoniazid?

Tangohia te isoniazid i runga i te tohutohu a tō tākuta, te nuinga kotahi i te rā i runga i te puku kau. Ko te tikanga tēnei me tango i te rongoā kotahi haora i mua i te kai, e rua rānei haora i muri i te kai, nā te mea ka raru te kai i te pai o te tango a tō tinana i te rongoā.

Mēnā ka pā te puku, ka whakaae pea tō tākuta ki te tango i te rongoā me te kai, engari me mahi tēnei i raro i ā rātou tohutohu. Horomia tonu ngā papa, ngā kāpene rānei katoa me te karaihe wai - kaua e kuru, e whati, e ngaungau rānei mēnā kāore i tohutohutia.

Kia pai ai te hua, ngana ki te tango i o rongoa i te wa kotahi i ia ra. Ka awhina tenei ki te pupuri i nga taumata rongoa i roto i to tinana, ka ngawari ake te mahara ki to horopeta o ia ra. Mena kei te whiwhi koe i nga werohanga, ka whakahaerehia e tetahi tohunga hauora i runga i to mahere maimoatanga.

Kia Pehea Te Roa E Tango Ai Au i te Isoniazid?

Ko te roa o to maimoatanga isoniazid e pa ana ki te mea kei te rongoa koe i te TB kaha, kei te aukati ranei i te whakawhanaketanga. Mo te TB kaha, ka tango koe i te isoniazid mo te ono ki te iwa marama hei waahanga o te mahere maimoatanga whakakotahi.

Mena kei te tango koe i te isoniazid hei aukati i te TB (maimoatanga TB moe), ka hiahia koe ki te tango mo te iwa marama. Ko etahi tangata ka hiahia ki te akoranga poto ake mo te ono marama, i runga i o raatau take morearea me o raatau hitori rongoa.

He mea tino nui kia oti i a koe te akoranga maimoatanga katoa, ahakoa ka pai ake koe i mua i te otinga. Ko te whakamutu wawe ka arahi i te huakita kia atete ki te rongoa, ka uaua ake te maimoatanga a meake nei, ka kino pea.

He aha nga paanga taha o te Isoniazid?

Pērā i ngā rongoā katoa, ka taea e te isoniazid te pānga taha, ahakoa kāore te katoa e pā ana ki a rātou. Ko te nuinga o nga paanga taha he ngawari, he whakahaere, engari he mea nui kia mohio koe ki nga mea hei matakitaki.

Ko nga paanga taha noa ka pa ki a koe ko:

• Te whakapairuaki, te puku ranei
• Te ngaro o te hiahia
• Te ngenge, te ngenge ranei
• Te kiri ngawari
• Te whanoke
• Te ānini

Ko enei tohu ka pai ake i te wa e urutau ana to tinana ki te rongoa. Heoi, me whakapā atu koe ki tō tākuta mēnā ka pōuri rātou, ka kore rānei e ngaro i muri i te wiki.

Ka pa pea etahi tangata ki nga paanga taha nui ake e hiahia ana kia aro mai te rongoa tonu:

• Te kōwhai o tō kiri, o ō kanohi rānei (jaundice)
• Mimi pouri, tūtae mā
• Te mamae nui o te puku
• Te ruaki tonu
• Te ngaro o te rongo, te ngau rānei i ngā ringa, i ngā waewae rānei
• Ngā huringa o te tirohanga
• Ngā tauhohenga kiri kino

He iti noa iho te puta o ēnei pānga kino, engari ka tohu pea i ngā raruraru ate, i te kino rānei o ngā io. Ki te pōti koe i ētahi o ēnei tohumate, whakamutua te tango i te rongoā, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta tonu.

Ko tētahi āhua onge engari he kino, me mōhio koe, ko te hepatitis i puta mai i te rongoā, e pā ana ki te ate. Ka puta tēnei i te 1-2% pea o te hunga e tango ana i te isoniazid, ā, he nui ake te tūpono ki te hunga neke atu i te 35 tau, te hunga e inu waipiro ana i ia wā, te hunga rānei e pāngia ana e ngā raruraru ate.

Ko wai kāore e tika kia tango Isoniazid?

Kāore te Isoniazid e tika mō te katoa, ā, ka āta arotake tō tākuta i tō hītori hauora i mua i te whakahau. Kāore koe e tika kia tango i tēnei rongoā ki te mōhio ana koe he pānga ki te isoniazid, ki te pāngia rānei koe e ngā raruraru ate kino i mua.

Ko te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate ate kaha, e te nui rawa rānei o ngā enzyme ate, me karo te isoniazid, nā te mea ka kino ake pea ngā raruraru ate. Ka tono pea tō tākuta i ngā whakamātautau toto hei tirotiro i te mahi o tō ate i mua i te tīmatanga o te rongoā.

He āta tūpato e tika ana ki te pāngia koe e ētahi āhua e whakanui ana i tō tūponotanga ki ngā pānga kino:

• Te mate tākihi
• Te mate huka
• He hītori o ngā pākia
• Te neuropathy taha (te kino o ngā io)
• Te inu waipiro i ia wā
• Te kore kai
• Te mate HIV

Ki te pāngia koe e ētahi o ēnei āhua, ka whakahau pea tō tākuta i te isoniazid, engari ka āta mātakitaki i a koe, ā, ka whakatika pea i tō mahere rongoā. Ka tūtohu pea rātou i ngā tāpiringa huaora B6 hei āwhina i te ārai i ngā pānga kino e pā ana ki ngā io.

Ka taea e ngā wāhine hapū me te whāngai ū te tango isoniazid i te nuinga o te wā, nā te mea e kiia ana ko tētahi o ngā rongoā TB haumaru i te wā o te hapū. Heoi, ka āta whakatau tō tākuta i ngā painga me ngā tūponotanga mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ngā Ingoa Waitohu o Isoniazid

Kei te wātea a Isoniazid i raro i ētahi ingoa waitohu, ahakoa te nuinga o te wā ka tohua hei rongoā whānui. I te United States, ka kite pea koe i te hoko hei Nydrazid, koinei tētahi o ngā ingoa waitohu matua.

He rite tonu te whai hua o te putanga whānui ki ngā putanga waitohu, ā, he maha ngā wā ka nui ake te utu. Ka taea e tō whare rongoā te whakakapi aunoa i te putanga whānui ki te kore tō tākuta e tono motuhake i te ingoa waitohu.

Kei roto i ētahi rongoā whakakotahi a isoniazid me ētahi atu rongoā TB. Kei roto i ēnei ko Rifamate (isoniazid me te rifampin) me Rifater (isoniazid, rifampin, me te pyrazinamide), ka taea te whakamaarama i te maimoatanga mā te whakaiti i te maha o ngā pire e hiahia ana koe ki te tango.

Ngā Kōwhiringa kē mō Isoniazid

Ahakoa he rongoā tuatahi a isoniazid mō te TB, he rongoā kē e wātea ana ki te kore e taea e koe te tango, ki te ātete rānei te huakita i tō keehi. Ka whiriwhiria e tō tākuta te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ko ētahi atu rongoā TB tuatahi ko te rifampin, te ethambutol, me te pyrazinamide. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ēnei i te tahi me isoniazid, engari ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei kōwhiringa kē ki te kore e tika a isoniazid mōu.

Mō ngā tāngata e mate ana i te TB ātete rongoā, i te hunga rānei e kore e taea te aro ki ngā rongoā tuatahi, e wātea ana ngā kōwhiringa tuarua. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā rongoā pēnei i te fluoroquinolones (pēnei i te levofloxacin), ngā rongoā werohia pēnei i te amikacin, me ngā rongoā hou pēnei i te bedaquiline me te delamanid.

Ko te kōwhiringa o ngā rongoā kē anō e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te momo huakita TB kei a koe, tō hauora whānui, me ētahi atu rongoā e inu ana koe. Ka mahi tō tākuta me ngā tohunga TB ki te whakatau i te mahere rongoā pai mō tō keehi motuhake.

He Pai Anei te Isoniazid i te Rifampin?

He rongoā TB pai te Isoniazid me te rifampin, engari he rerekē te mahi, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngātahi, kaua e whakatauritea hei kōwhiringa kē. He kaha anō tō ia rongoā, ā, ka kōwhiria i runga i tō āhuatanga hauora motuhake.

He tino whai hua te Isoniazid mō te ārai i te TB i roto i ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te mate huna, ā, he maha ngā wā te kōwhiringa pai mō tēnei kaupapa. He roa te hītori o te haumaru me te whai huatanga, ina koa mō te rongoā ārai e roa ana mō te iwa marama.

Ko te Rifampin, i tērā taha, he tino kaha ki te huakita TB, ā, he mea nui mō te rongoā i te mate TB kaha. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi mō ngā akoranga rongoā ārai poto ake (e whā marama te roa), ā, he pai ake pea te aro ki ētahi tāngata.

I te nuinga o ngā keehi o te TB kaha, ka whiwhi koe i ngā rongoā e rua ngātahi me ētahi atu rongoā TB. He pai ake tēnei huarahi whakakotahi i te whakamahi i tētahi rongoā anake, ā, ka āwhina i te ārai i te huakita kia kore e ātete ki te rongoā.

Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Isoniazid

He Haumaru te Isoniazid mō te Mate Huka?

Āe, ka taea te whakamahi i te isoniazid i roto i ngā tāngata e mate huka ana, ahakoa me āta aroturuki. Ka taea e te mate huka te whakanui i tō tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i te neuropathy peripheral (te kino o te io) mai i te isoniazid, nō reira ka āta titiro tō tākuta ki a koe mō ngā tohu o tēnei raruraru.

Ka tūtohu pea tō kaiwhakarato hauora i ngā tāpiringa huaora B6 hei āwhina i te ārai i ngā raruraru io. Ka aroturukihia hoki e rātou ō taumata huka toto i te nuinga o te wā, nā te mea ka pā te rongoā TB ki te whakahaere i te mate huka.

Me Pēhea Taku Mahi Mēnā Ka Whakamahi Ahau i te Nui Rawa o te Isoniazid?

Mēnā ka inu koe i te nui rawa atu o te isoniazid i te mea i whakaritea, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta, ki te pokapū whakahaere paitini rānei i te wā tonu. Ka taea e te horopeta nui te whakaputa i ngā tohumate nui tae atu ki te whakapairuaki, te ruaki, te whanoke, te uaua ki te manawa, me te hopu.

Kaua e tatari kia kite mena ka puta ngā tohumate - rapua tonu te āwhina hauora. Mauria mai te pounamu rongoā ki a koe kia mōhio ai ngā kaiwhakarato hauora ki te nui rawa i inu koe, me te wā.

Me pēhea ahau ki te ngaro i te horopeta o te Isoniazid?

Mēnā ka ngaro koe i tētahi horopeta, tangohia i te wā e mahara ana koe, ki te kore e tata ana te wā mō tō horopeta e whai ake nei. I taua wā, waiho te horopeta i ngaro, ka haere tonu ki tō hōtaka auau - kaua e tango i ngā horopeta e rua i te wā kotahi hei utu mō te mea i ngaro.

Whakamātauria ki te tango i tō horopeta i ngaro i roto i te 12 hāora i te wā e tango ana koe. Mēnā kua roa ake i tērā, tatari noa mō tō horopeta e whai ake nei, ka haere tonu i te tikanga noa.

Āhea ahau e mutu ai te tango i te Isoniazid?

Kaua rawa e mutu te tango i te isoniazid i runga i tō ake, ahakoa e pai ana koe. Me whakaoti e koe te akoranga katoa o te rongoā i te mea i whakaritea e tō tākuta, ko te tikanga e ono ki te iwa marama mō te TB kaha, e iwa marama rānei mō te TB moe.

Ka whakatau tō tākuta i te wā e haumaru ana ki te mutu i runga i tō urupare rongoā, ngā whakamātautau whai muri, me te momo TB e pā ana ki a koe. Ko te mutu wawe rawa ka arahi ki te korenga o te rongoā me te ātete rongoā.

Ka taea e au te inu waipiro i te wā e tango ana i te Isoniazid?

He pai ki te karo i te waipiro i te wā e tango ana i te isoniazid, nā te mea ka pā tahi ki tō ate. Ko te inu waipiro ka whakanui i tō tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i ngā raruraru ate mai i te rongoā, he mea nui tēnei.

Mēnā ka whiriwhiri koe ki te inu i ētahi wā, kōrerohia tēnei ki tō tākuta i te tuatahi. Ka tūtohu pea rātou i ngā whakamātautau mahi ate auau ake, ka tūtohu rānei kia karo katoa i te waipiro i te wā o tō rongoā.