He aha te Pegaptanib: Ngā Whakamahinga, te Inenga, ngā Pānga taha me ētahi atu mea

He rongoā kanohi motuhake te Pegaptanib e āwhina ana ki te whakaiti i te ngaronga o te tirohanga i roto i ngā tāngata e mate ana i te mate macular degeneration e pā ana ki te pakeke (AMD). Ka pā tēnei āhuatanga i te wā e tipu ana ngā oko toto kōaro i muri i te retina, e pā ana ki te rerenga wai me ngā raruraru tirohanga. Ka mahi te Pegaptanib mā te aukati i tētahi pūmua e kīia ana ko VEGF e whakatairanga ana i ēnei oko toto kino kia tipu, e āwhina ana ki te pupuri i tō tirohanga matua.

He aha te Pegaptanib?

He rongoā werohia te Pegaptanib i hangaia mō te rongoā i te macular degeneration e pā ana ki te pakeke. No tētahi rōpū rongoā e kīia ana ko ngā āpiha anti-VEGF, ko te tikanga e aukati ana i te vascular endothelial growth factor - he pūmua e whakatairanga ana i te tipu o ngā oko toto.

Ka werohia e tō tākuta tēnei rongoā ki roto i te wai vitreous i roto i tō kanohi mā te whakamahi i tētahi ngira angiangi rawa. Ko te tikanga e kīia ana ko te werohanga intravitreal, ā, ahakoa he mea e pā ana ki te āwangawanga, he rongoā tēnei e mahia ana i te wāhi tūroro. Ka noho kaha te rongoā i roto i tō kanohi mō ngā wiki, e mahi tonu ana ki te aukati i te tipu o ngā oko toto me te rerenga wai.

Ko te Pegaptanib tētahi o ngā rongoā anti-VEGF tuatahi i whakaaetia mō te rongoā AMD, ahakoa he nui ake ngā kōwhiringa hou e whakamahia ana i tēnei wā. I hangaia motuhake ki te whai i tētahi momo VEGF anake, e waiho ana hei rongoā whiriwhiri ake i ētahi atu rongoā i tēnei rōpū.

He aha te Pegaptanib e whakamahia ana mō?

Ka whakamahia te Pegaptanib ki te rongoā i te macular degeneration e pā ana ki te pakeke, he āhuatanga kanohi nui e pā ana ki te ngaronga tere o te tirohanga. Ka pā tēnei momo AMD ki tō macula, te wāhanga matua o tō retina e kawenga ana mō te tirohanga koi, taipitopito e hiahiatia ana mō te pānui, te taraiwa, me te mōhio ki ngā kanohi.

He mea tohutohu te rongoa nei mō te AMD neovascular, arā, kei te tupu ngā oko toto hou i ngā wāhi e kore e tika. Ka turuturu te wai me te toto i ēnei oko kino, ka pūhihi, ka pā te kiko, ka pā kino tō tirohanga matua. Ka āwhina te Pegaptanib ki te whakaiti i tēnei mahi mā te whakaiti i ngā tohu tupu e whakatairanga ana i ēnei oko toto raruraru.

Ahakoa ka āwhina te pegaptanib ki te tiaki i te tirohanga e noho ana, me te whakaiti i te ngaronga o te tirohanga, he mea nui kia mōhio kāore i te nuinga o te wā e whakahoki mai i te tirohanga kua ngaro kē. Ko te whāinga he whakapūmau me te ārai i te kino atu, kaua ki te whakapai ake i te tirohanga o nāianei.

Me pēhea te mahi a Pegaptanib?

Ka mahi a Pegaptanib mā te aukati i te VEGF-165, he pūmua motuhake e tohu ana i tō tinana ki te whakatipu oko toto hou. I roto i ngā kanohi hauora, ka āwhina tēnei pūmua ki te pupuri i te mahi o ngā oko toto, engari i roto i te AMD mākū, ka kaha rawa atu, ka hanga oko hou kino.

Whakaarohia te VEGF-165 hei rangatira hanga e tuku ana i ngā ota ki te hanga oko toto i ngā wāhi e kore e hiahiatia. Ka mahi te Pegaptanib hei kaitirotiro e uru ana ki te aukati i aua ota hanga, e ārai ana i te hanganga o ngā oko toto turuturu, kino i muri i tō rētina.

E kiia ana he whai hua tēnei rongoa i te whakataurite ki ngā rongoa anti-VEGF hou. Ahakoa ka taea e ia te whakaiti i te ngaronga o te tirohanga i roto i te tini o te tangata, kāore pea i te kaha pērā i ētahi atu maimoatanga e wātea ana i tēnei rā. Ka whakaaro tō tākuta kanohi ki tō āhuatanga motuhake me te hītori rongoa i te whakatau mēnā ko te pegaptanib te kōwhiringa tika mōu.

He wā poto noa ngā pānga o te pegaptanib, koinei te take e hiahia ana koe ki ngā werohanga auau. Ka pakaru haere te rongoa i roto i tō kanohi i roto i ngā wiki maha, nō reira he mea nui te pupuri i te maimoatanga rite tonu mō te whakamarumaru tonu i te ngaronga o te tirohanga.

Me pēhea taku tango i te Pegaptanib?

Ka whakahaerehia te pegaptanib e tō tākuta kanohi anake mā te werohanga tika ki tō kanohi. Kāore e taea e koe te tango i tēnei rongoā i te kāinga, ā, e hiahia ana he taiao haumanu kore huakita hei whakarite i tō haumaru.

I mua i tō werohanga, ka horoi tō tākuta i te wāhi huri noa i tō kanohi, ā, ka hoatu pea he topata whakamomori hei whakaiti i te mamae. He torutoru noa ngā hēkona te roa o te werohanga, ahakoa te 30-60 meneti pea te roa o te hui katoa tae atu ki te whakarite me te aroturuki i muri mai.

Kāore koe e hiahia ki te nohopuku, ki te karo rānei i te kai i mua i tō hui, engari me whakarite e koe tētahi hei taraiwa i a koe ki te kāinga i muri mai. Ka mōteatea pea tō tirohanga mo te wā poto, ā, ka whai pea koe i tētahi tairongo ki te mārama mō ētahi haora i muri i te werohanga.

I muri i te werohanga, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta ki te whakamahi i ngā topata kanohi paturopi mō ētahi rā hei aukati i te mate. Me karo hoki koe ki te mirimiri i ō kanohi, me te pupuri kia mā, kia maroke mō te rā tuatahi, e rua rānei.

Kia Pēhea te Roa e Tango Ana ahau i te Pegaptanib?

Ko te maimoatanga pegaptanib te tikanga ka uru ki ngā werohanga auau ia 6 wiki, ā, ka hiahia pea koe ki te maimoatanga tonu i te wā e kaha ana te AMD mākū. He āhuatanga mau tonu tēnei e hiahia ana kia mau tonu te whakahaere kia mau tonu ai ngā painga o te maimoatanga.

Ka aroturukihia e tō tākuta kanohi tō urupare ki te maimoatanga mā ngā whakamātautau kanohi auau me ngā whakamātautau whakaahua. Ka kite pea ētahi tāngata i te whakapūmautanga o tō rātou tirohanga i roto i ngā marama tuatahi, i ētahi atu rānei ka hiahia ētahi maimoatanga i mua i te kite i te whakapai ake.

He rerekē te roa o te maimoatanga mai i te tangata ki te tangata. Ka hiahia pea ētahi tāngata ki ngā werohanga pegaptanib mō ngā tau, i ētahi atu rānei ka neke ki ngā maimoatanga rerekē, ka pā rānei te ahunga whakamua o te mate e huri ana i tā rātou mahere maimoatanga.

He mea nui kia kaua e mutu ohorere te rongoā, ahakoa te ahua e pūmau ana tō tirohanga. Kei te noho tonu te āhua e whakatupu ana i te tipu o ngā oko toto koretake, ā, ko te whakamutu i te rongoā ka hua te ngaronga tere o te tirohanga.

He aha ngā pānga taha o Pegaptanib?

He pai te whakamanawanui a te nuinga o te tāngata ki te pegaptanib, engari pērā i ētahi atu rongoā, ka pānga taha pea. Ko ngā mea e tino pā ana ki te tukanga werohanga ake, kaua ki te rongoā.

Anei ngā pānga taha e mōhiotia ana ka pā ki a koe:

• Te mamae o te kanohi, te kore rānei o te pai mō te rā, e rua rānei i muri i te werohanga
• Te pātai mō te tirohanga, te raruraru tirohanga rānei
• Te āhua o te mea kei roto i tō kanohi
• Te nui haere o te waiata
• Te whero, te riri rānei i te wāhi werohanga
• Ngā wāhi iti e mānu ana i tō tirohanga (floaters)
• Te tairongo ki te mārama mō ētahi hāora i muri i te rongoā

Ko ēnei pānga taha e ngāwari ana te ngaro i roto i ētahi rā, ā, kāore i te nuinga o te wā he take mō te māharahara. Heoi anō, me whakapā atu koe ki tō tākuta mēnā ka mau tonu, ka kino rānei.

He pānga taha tūpono noa iho, engari he nui te kino, e hiahia ana kia tere te āwhina hauora. Ahakoa kāore i te nuinga o te wā ēnei raruraru, he mea nui kia mōhio koe ki a rātou:

• Te mate kanohi nui (endophthalmitis)
• Te nui haere o te pēhanga o te kanohi
• Te wehenga o te retina
• Te ngaronga nui o te tirohanga
• Te mamae kanohi nui tonu
• Te puta ohorere mai o te maha o ngā floaters hou
• Ngā mārama e kimo ana, te ngaronga tirohanga rānei pērā i te arai

Mēnā ka pā ki a koe ētahi o ēnei tohumate nui, ina koa i roto i ngā rā tuatahi i muri i te werohanga, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta kanohi tonu, rapu rānei i te āwhina hauora ohorere.

Ko wai kāore e tika kia tango Pegaptanib?

Kāore te Pegaptanib i te pai mō te katoa, ā, ka āta arotake tō tākuta mēnā he haumaru mōu. Ko ngā tāngata e pā ana ki ētahi āhua kanohi, mate rānei, kāore e tika kia whiwhi i tēnei rongoā.

Kāore koe e whiwhi pegaptanib mēnā he mate kanohi kaha tō, he mumura rānei i roto, i te taha rānei o tō kanohi. Kei roto i tēnei ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te conjunctivitis, uveitis, he mate huakita, huaketo, harore rānei kāore anō kia tika te rongoā.

Me karo e te hunga e mōhiotia ana he pānga ki te pegaptanib, ki ētahi o ōna wāhanga rānei tēnei rongoā. Mēnā i pā tō pānga ki ētahi atu rongoā anti-VEGF, me kōrero tēnei ki tō tākuta i mua i te tīmatanga o te rongoā.

Ko ētahi atu āhuatanga kanohi ka kore pea e tika te pegaptanib, ka hiahiatia rānei ētahi atu whakatūpato. Me arotake e tō tākuta mēnā he glaucoma kaha tō, he pokanga kanohi tata nei, ētahi atu raruraru rānei o te retina ka piki ake ai tō tūponotanga ki ngā raruraru.

Mēnā kei te hapū koe, kei te whāngai ū rānei, kōrerohia ngā tūponotanga me ngā painga ki tō tākuta. Ahakoa he iti noa ngā raraunga mō ngā pānga o te pegaptanib i te wā e hapū ana, ka whakataurite tō tākuta i ngā painga ka puta ki ngā tūponotanga ka puta ki a koe me tō pēpi.

Ngā Ingoa Waitohu o Pegaptanib

Ka hokohoko te pegaptanib i raro i te ingoa waitohu Macugen i te nuinga o ngā whenua e wātea ana. Koinei te ingoa arumoni tuatahi ka kite koe i runga i ngā rēhitatanga me ngā tuhinga rongoā.

Ko ētahi whenua kei ō rātou ingoa waitohu rerekē, he putanga rānei, engari ko Macugen tonu te ingoa waitohu e mōhiotia whānuitia ana mō te pegaptanib. Ka taea e tō tākuta, tō kaimātai rongoā rānei te whakapūmau i te ingoa waitohu e whakamahia ana i tō wāhi.

I te wā e kōrero ana koe mō tō rongoā ki ngā kaiwhakarato hauora, ka taea e koe te kōrero ki tō rongoā ko te pegaptanib, ko Macugen rānei, ā, ka mārama rātou kei te kōrero koe mō te rongoā kotahi.

Ngā Kōwhiringa kē mō Pegaptanib

He maha atu ngā rongoā anti-VEGF e wātea ana mō te rongoā i te AMD mākū, ā, he maha ngā mea e whakamahia ana i tēnei wā i te nuinga atu i te pegaptanib. Ka whakaaro pea tō tākuta ki ēnei kōwhiringa kē i runga i ō hiahia motuhake me te urupare ki te rongoā.

Ko Ranibizumab (Lucentis) he rongoā anti-VEGF hou ake, he maha tonu te whai hua atu i te pegaptanib. E aukati ana i ngā momo VEGF maha, kaua ko tētahi anake, e whai hua ana pea ki te pai ake o ngā hua mō te maha o ngā tāngata.

Ko Bevacizumab (Avastin) tētahi atu kōwhiringa e whakamahia ana i ētahi wā mō te rongoā AMD. Ahakoa kāore i whakaaetia mō ngā āhua o te kanohi, he maha ngā tākuta e whakamahi ana i tēnei, nā te mea he whai hua, he iti hoki te utu i ētahi atu kōwhiringa.

Ko Aflibercept (Eylea) he rongoā hou ake e aukati ana i te VEGF me tētahi atu pūmua e kiia nei ko PlGF. He maha tonu te iti o ngā werohanga e hiahiatia ana i ētahi atu rongoā, he pai ake pea mō ngā tāngata.

Ka whakaaro tō tākuta kanohi ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kaha o tō mate, te hītori rongoā, te inihua, me ō hiahia whaiaro i te wā e tūtohu ana i te kōwhiringa rongoā pai rawa atu mō koe.

He Pai Ake Anei te Pegaptanib i te Ranibizumab?

Ko Ranibizumab (Lucentis) te nuinga o te wā e kiia ana he whai hua ake i te pegaptanib mō te rongoā i te AMD mākū. Kua whakaatu ngā rangahau haumanu he pai ake te hua o te tirohanga a ranibizumab, ā, he nui ake te whai hua ki te whakapai ake i te tirohanga, kaua ko te whakaiti noa i te ngaronga o te tirohanga.

Ko te rerekētanga nui ko te aukati a ranibizumab i ngā momo VEGF katoa, engari ko te pegaptanib anake e aukati ana i tētahi momo motuhake (VEGF-165). Ko tēnei aukati whānui ake te nuinga o te wā ka hua i ngā hua rongoā pai ake mō te nuinga o ngā tāngata.

Heoi anō, he tika tonu pea te pegaptanib mō ētahi tāngata, ina koa mō te hunga kāore i pai te urupare ki ētahi atu rongoā, kei a rātou rānei ētahi āhua hauora motuhake e kore ai e pai ētahi atu kōwhiringa. Ka whakaaro tō tākuta ki tō āhuatanga takitahi i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i waenga i ēnei rongoā.

He rite tonu ngā pūkete haumaru o ngā rongoā e rua, nō reira ko te kōwhiringa te nuinga o te wā ka heke ki te whai hua me ngā āhuatanga watea pēnei i te auau werohanga me ngā whakaaro utu.

Ngā Pātai Auau Mō te Pegaptanib

He Haumaru Anei te Pegaptanib mō ngā Tāngata Mate Huka?

Āe, he pai te pegaptanib mō te hunga mate huka, engari me mātakitaki tata tō tākuta i a koe. Ka pā te mate huka ki ngā oko toto puta noa i tō tinana, tae atu ki ō kanohi, nō reira ka hiahia tō tākuta kanohi ki te mātakitaki i ngā huringa i roto i tō mate retinopathy diabetic.

Mēnā he edema macular diabetic tōu me te AMD, tērā pea ka hiahia tō tākuta ki te whakatika i tō mahere maimoatanga. I ētahi wā ka hiahia te hunga mate huka ki ētahi rongoā rerekē, ki ngā maimoatanga rānei hei whakaoti i ngā āhuatanga e rua.

Me pēhea taku mahi mēnā ka ngaro ohorere ahau i te horopeta o te Pegaptanib?

Mēnā ka ngaro i a koe tō werohanga pegaptanib kua whakaritea, whakapā atu ki te tari o tō tākuta kanohi i te wa e taea ai ki te whakarite anō. Kaua e tatari kia tae ra ano ki tō tūpono noa e whai ake nei, nā te mea ka taea e ngā wātea i roto i te maimoatanga te whakakaha i tō āhuatanga.

Tērā pea ka hiahia tō tākuta ki te kite i a koe i roto i te wiki, e rua rānei i muri i tō tūpono kua ngaro ki te aromatawai i tō āhuatanga kanohi me te whakatau i te wā pai mō tō werohanga e whai ake nei. Ko te ngaro i te werohanga kotahi kāore pea e whara tonu, engari he mea nui te maimoatanga tonu mō te pupuri i tō tirohanga.

Me pēhea taku mahi mēnā ka pā mai ngā pānga taha kino?

Mēnā ka pā mai te mamae kanohi nui, te ngaronga ohorere o te tirohanga, ngā tohu rānei o te mate i muri i tō werohanga pegaptanib, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta kanohi tonu, rapu rānei i te manaakitanga hauora ohorere. Ka tohu pea ēnei tohu i ngā raruraru nui e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga tere.

Kia wātea tonu ngā kōrero whakapā ohorere a tō tākuta, kaua e whakaroa ki te waea atu mēnā e māharahara ana koe ki ētahi tohu. He pai ake te tūpato i ngā wā katoa ka tae mai ki tō tirohanga me te hauora o te kanohi.

Āhea taku mutu i te tango i te Pegaptanib?

Me mutu anake e koe te maimoatanga pegaptanib i raro i te tohutohu a tō tākuta. Ahakoa te ahua o te pumau o tō tirohanga, kei te noho tonu te āhuatanga i raro iho e pā ana ki te tipu o ngā oko toto kino, ā, ko te whakamutu i te maimoatanga ka ngaro te tirohanga.

Ka aroturukihia tō āhua e tō tākuta i ngā wā katoa mā ngā whakamātautau kanohi me ngā whakamātautau whakaahua. Mēnā ka noho tō AMD kāore e kaha ana, mēnā rānei ka pūta mai ngā raruraru e kore ai e tika te haere tonu i te rongoā, ka kōrerohia e rātou te whakamutu, te huri rānei i tō mahere rongoā.

Ka taea e au te taraiwa i muri i te whiwhinga i te werohanga Pegaptanib?

Kaua koe e taraiwa i muri tonu i te whiwhinga i te werohanga pegaptanib. Ka taea e ngā maturuturu whakamāui me te werohanga tonu te pānga o tō tirohanga mo te wā poto, ka kore e haumaru te taraiwa mō ētahi haora i muri mai.

Whakaritea kia whai tangata hei taraiwa i a koe ki te rānei i tō tūpono, me te whakarite rānei i tētahi atu waka. Ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te hoki ki ngā mahi noa, tae atu ki te taraiwa, i te rā i muri i tā rātou werohanga i te wā kua ngaro ngā pānga tirohanga mō te wā poto.