He aha te Whakawhiti Wahiwheua? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe me te Whakaora

Ko te whakawhiti wahiwheua he hātepe rongoā e whakakapi ana i te wahiwheua kua pakaru, kua mate rānei ki ngā pūtau kātua hauora. Whakaarohia tō wahiwheua hei wheketere pūtau toto o tō tinana – kei roto i ō wheua, ā, e whakaputa ana i ngā pūtau toto whero, ngā pūtau toto mā, me ngā pūtau pākē hei pupuri i tō hauora. Ki te kore tēnei wheketere e mahi tika ana nā te mate pāwera, ngā mate ira, ētahi atu āhuatanga rānei, ka taea e te whakawhiti te whai wāhi hou me ngā pūtau hou, hauora.

He aha te whakawhiti wahiwheua?

Ko te whakawhiti wahiwheua, e kīia ana hoki ko te whakawhiti pūtau kātua, e whai ana ki te whakakapi i tō wahiwheua ki ngā pūtau kātua hauora mai i tētahi kaiwhakawhiwhi, i tō tinana ake rānei. Ko tō wahiwheua te kiko ngawari, hautope i roto i ō wheua e whakaputa ana i ō pūtau toto katoa.

Ka mahi te hātepe mā te whakangaro i tō wahiwheua mate ki te rongoā matū nui, te iraruke rānei. Muri iho, ka whakaurua ngā pūtau kātua hauora ki roto i tō rerenga toto mā te IV, he rite ki te whakawhitinga toto. Ka haere ēnei pūtau kātua hou ki tō wahiwheua, ka tīmata ki te whakaputa i ngā pūtau toto hauora.

E rua ngā momo whakawhiti wahiwheua. Ka whakamahi te whakawhiti autologous i ō pūtau kātua ake, i kohia i mua i te tīmatanga o te rongoā. Ka whakamahi te whakawhiti allogeneic i ngā pūtau kātua mai i tētahi kaiwhakawhiwhi e tika ana, he mema o te whānau, he tūao rānei.

He aha te take e mahia ai te whakawhiti wahiwheua?

E taunakitia ana te whakawhiti wahiwheua ki te tino pakaru tō wahiwheua, ā, kāore e taea te whakaputa i ngā pūtau toto hauora. Ka rongoā tēnei hātepe whakaora-ora i ngā momo mate pāwera toto, ngā mate ira, me ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate e kore e pai te urupare ki ētahi atu rongoā.

Ko ngā take tino noa e taunaki ana e ngā tākuta tēnei hātepe ko ngā mate pāwera toto pērā i te leukemia, lymphoma, me te myeloma maha. Ka whakaeke tika ēnei mate pāwera i ō pūtau hanga-toto, e kore ai tō tinana e whakaputa i ngā pūtau hauora e hiahia ana koe kia ora.

I tua atu i te mate pukupuku, ka taea e te whakawhitinga wheua wheua te awhina i etahi atu mate kino. Kei roto i enei ko te anemia aplastic nui, ka mutu te hanga o te wheua wheua i nga pūtau toto, me nga mate ira pēnei i te mate pūtau kōpiko, te thalassemia rānei e pā ana ki te hanganga me te mahi o ō pūtau toto.

I etahi wa, ka tika tēnei tikanga i muri i te rongoā matū nui, te rongoā iraruke rānei mō ngā puku mārō. Ka taea e ēnei rongoā kaha te whakangaro i tō wheua wheua hei pānga taha, e hiahia ana ki te whakawhitinga hei whakahoki i te kaha o tō tinana ki te hanga pūtau toto.

He aha te tikanga mō te whakawhitinga wheua wheua?

Ka puta te tikanga whakawhitinga wheua wheua i roto i ngā wāhanga maha i āta whakaritea i roto i ngā wiki, i ngā marama rānei. Ka ārahi tō rōpū hauora i a koe i ia wāhanga, me te whakarite kia mōhio koe ki ngā mea e tūmanakohia ana, me te noho pai i roto i te tukanga.

Tuatahi, ka pāhia e koe ngā whakamātautau whānui hei arotake i tō hauora whānui, me te whakatau mēnā he kaitono pai koe mō te whakawhitinga. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā whakamātautau toto, ngā rangahau whakaahua, ngā whakamātautau mahi ngākau me te pūkahukahu, me ngā kōrero ki ngā tohunga rerekē hei hanga mahere rongoā whānui.

Muri iho ko te wāhanga whakatikatika, ka whiwhi koe i te rongoā matū nui, i te rongoā iraruke rānei hei whakangaro i tō wheua wheua tūroro. Ko te tikanga ka roa te maha o ngā rā, me te hiahia hōhipera. Ahakoa ka uaua tēnei wāhanga, ka tino aroturukihia koe e tō rōpū hauora, me te whakarato rongoā hei whakahaere i ngā pānga taha.

Ko te rā whakawhitinga tūturu ka kiia ko te

Whai muri i te whakawhitinga, ka uru koe ki te wā whakaora ka noho koe ki tētahi wāhanga hōhipera motuhake mō ētahi wiki. I tēnei wā, ka haere ngā pūtau kakau hou ki tō wheua wheua, ka tīmata ki te whakaputa pūtau toto hauora - he tukanga e kiia nei ko te whakauru e 2-4 wiki te roa.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakawhitinga wheua wheua?

Ko te whakarite mō te whakawhitinga wheua wheua e hāngai ana ki te taha tinana me te taha aronganui, ā, ka tautoko tō rōpū hauora i a koe i roto i ngā āhuatanga katoa o tēnei whakaritenga. Ko te tikanga ka tīmata te tukanga i ētahi wiki i mua i te rā whakawhitinga.

Kei roto i tō whakaritenga hauora te whakaoti i ngā whakamātautau me ngā aromatawai e tika ana kia mōhio ai koe he hauora koe mō te tukanga. Me whakauru hoki tētahi pūhi pū i roto i te uaua matua, e whakarato ana i te uru ngāwari mō ngā rongoā, te tango toto, me te whakawhitinga tonu.

Ko te tiaki i tō hauora tinana i mua i te whakawhitinga he mea nui mō te hua pai rawa atu. Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ngā mahi motuhake hei whakapai ake i tō āhua:

• Te pupuri i te kai pai me te noho wai
• Te whiwhi i ngā kano ārai mate e tūtohutia ana i mua i te pēhitanga o tō pūnaha ārai mate
• Te rongoā i ngā mate o nāianei, i ngā raruraru niho rānei
• Te whakamutu i ētahi rongoā ka raru pea i te tukanga
• Te whai i ngā tūtohutanga whakakori tinana hei pupuri i tō kaha

Ko ēnei whakaritenga ka āwhina i te whakarite kia pai te āhua o tō tinana ki te whakahaere i te whakawhitinga me te whakaora angitu.

He mea nui te whakarite aronganui, nā te mea he wheako nui tēnei. Whakaarohia te whakarite tautoko mai i te whānau, i ngā hoa, i ngā rōpū tautoko rānei, kaua e whakaroa ki te kōrero i ō āwangawanga, i ō mataku rānei ki tō rōpū hauora, ki tētahi kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro rānei.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua whakawhitinga wheua wheua?

Ko te māramatanga ki te ahunga whakamua o tō whakawhitinga wheua wheua e whai ana i te aroturuki i ētahi tohu matua e whakaatu ana i te pai o te mahi a ō pūtau kakau hou. Ka āta aroturukihia e tō rōpū hauora ēnei tohu, ā, ka whakamārama i te tikanga o ēnei mō tō whakaora.

Ko te ine tino nui ko te whakaurunga, e whakaatu ana i te angitu o te pūtau kakau hou ki te noho i roto i tō wheua wheua. Ka aroturukihia e ō tākuta ō tatauranga toto i ia rā, e rapu ana i ngā tohu e whakaputa ana tō wheua wheua i ngā pūtau toto mā, ngā pūtau toto whero, me ngā pūtau pōtae.

Ko te whakaurunga angitu ka puta i te wā e eke ai tō tatauranga neutrophil tino (he momo pūtau toto mā) ki runga ake i te 500 pūtau mō ia microliter mō ngā rā e toru e whai ana. Ko te tikanga ka puta tēnei i waenga i te 10-30 rā i muri i te whakawhitinga, i runga i te momo whakawhitinga me tō urupare takitahi.

Ka titiro hoki tō rōpū hauora ki ētahi atu tohu nui o te whakaora. Kei roto i ēnei ko te piki o tō tatauranga pūtau pōtae ki runga ake i te 20,000 me te kore tautoko whakawhitinga, me te pai ake o tō tatauranga pūtau toto whero kia kore ai koe e hiahia whakawhitinga toto i ia wā.

Ka inehia te angitu wā-roa e te pumau o ō tatauranga toto, te kore o tō mate taketake, me te pai ake o tō hauora me te kounga o te oranga i te roanga o te wā. Ka haere tonu ngā whakaritenga whai-whai i ia wā mō ngā marama ki ngā tau i muri i tō whakawhitinga.

Me pēhea te tautoko i tō whakaora whakawhitinga wheua wheua?

Ko te tautoko i tō whakaora whakawhitinga wheua wheua e whai ana i te whai i ngā mahi motuhake hei tiaki i tō pūnaha ārai mate e ngoikore ana i te wā e whakatairanga ana i te whakaora. Ka whakawhiwhia e tō rōpū hauora ngā aratohu taipitopito i hangaia mō tō āhuatanga, engari he mātāpono whānui e pā ana ki te nuinga o ngā tūroro.

Ka noho te aukati i te mate hei kaupapa matua i te wā o te whakaora, i te mea ka tino ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate mō ētahi marama. Ko te tikanga tēnei me tino āta tūpato ki te akuaku, te karo i ngā mano, me te noho atu i ngā tāngata e tūroro ana.

Me whai i ētahi mahi tiaki i ia rā, ā, tērā pea ka pōuri i te tīmatanga, engari he mea nui mō tō haumaru:

• Te horoi i ō ringaringa i ngā wā katoa, me te tino horoi
• Te mau i ngā kanohi i ngā wāhi tūmatanui, i te taha rānei o ētahi atu
• Te karo i ngā hua hou, huawhenua, me ētahi atu kai e mau ana i te huakita
• Te tango i ngā rongoā katoa i runga i te tohutohu
• Te aroturuki i tō pāmahana, me te pūrongo tonu i te kirika
• Te okioki nui, me te karo i ngā mahi kaha

Ka āwhina ēnei whakatūpato ki te tiaki i a koe i te wā e whanake ana, e kaha ana tō pūnaha ārai mate i ngā marama e haere ake nei.

He mea nui te kai me te wai mō tō whakaora. Tērā pea ka mahi koe me tētahi tohunga kai kia mōhio kei te whiwhi koe i te kai tika i te wā e whai ana koe i ngā aratohu haumaru kai hei tiaki i a koe i te mate.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā raruraru whakawhiti wheua wheua?

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka piki ake te tūpono o ngā raruraru i muri i te whakawhiti wheua wheua, ā, mā te māramatanga ki ēnei ka āwhina tō rōpū hauora ki te tango i ngā mahi ārai. Ko tō tau, te hauora whānui, me te momo whakawhiti ka whiwhi koe, he mea nui katoa ki te whakatau i tō taumata tūpono.

Ko te tau tētahi o ngā āhuatanga tūpono nui, i te mea ka nui ake te tūpono o ngā raruraru me te whakaora puhoi i ngā tūroro pakeke. Heoi, he maha ngā pakeke e whai ana i ngā whakawhiti angitu, ā, ka āta arotake tō rōpū hauora mēnā he kaitono pai koe ahakoa te tau.

Ko tō hauora whānui i mua i te whakawhiti ka whai pānga nui ki tō hua. Ko te whai i ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora pēnei i te mate ngākau, ngā raruraru whatukuhu, te mate huka rānei, ka piki ake te tūpono o ngā raruraru, engari kāore ēnei āhuatanga e whakakore aunoa i a koe i te whakawhiti.

Ka pānga hoki te momo whakawhitinga ki tō kōtaha tūponotanga. Ko ngā whakawhitinga allogeneic (e whakamahi ana i ngā pūtau takoha) he nui ake ngā tūponotanga i ngā whakawhitinga autologous (e whakamahi ana i ō pūtau ake), inā koa mō te mate graft-versus-host me ngā mate, engari he whai hua ake pea mō te rongoā i ētahi āhuatanga.

Ko ētahi atu āhuatanga ka piki ake ngā tūponotanga o te raruraru ko te whai i te chemotherapy, te iraruke rānei i mua, te wāhanga o tō mate i te wā o te whakawhitinga, me te pai o te taurite o tō takoha mēnā kei te whiwhi koe i te whakawhitinga allogeneic.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te whakawhitinga wheua wheua?

Ka taea e ngā raruraru whakawhitinga wheua wheua te whānui mai i ngā pānga taha ka taea te whakahaere ki ngā āhuatanga nui e hiahia ana kia aro mai te rongoā tonu. Ahakoa ka pērā te ahua whakamataku, kia mahara kei te whakangungua ō tō rōpū rongoā ki te ārai, ki te mōhio, me te rongoā i ēnei raruraru.

Ko ngā raruraru wawe e tino kitea ana ka puta i roto i ngā marama tuatahi i muri i te whakawhitinga. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā mate nā te ngoikore o tō pūnaha ārai mate, te toto nā te iti o te tatau platelet, me te anemia mai i te kore o te hanga pūtau toto whero.

Ko te mate graft-versus-host (GVHD) he raruraru motuhake ka puta mai i ngā whakawhitinga allogeneic. Ka puta tēnei i te wā e whakaeke ana ngā pūtau ārai mate o te takoha i ngā kiko o tō tinana, e pohehe ana he tāngata ke. Ahakoa ka nui te GVHD, he rongoā whai hua kei te wātea, ā, ko ngā keehi ngawari ka āwhina i te whawhai i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku.

He maha ētahi atu raruraru ka puta i ngā wiki me ngā marama i muri i te whakawhitinga, ā, ka mātakitaki pū te rōpū rongoā i a koe mō ēnei:

• Mucositis, e pā ana ki te mamae o te waha me te korokoro
• Te paitini o ngā okana e pā ana ki te ate, ngā whatukuhu, rānei ngā pūkahukahu
• Te mate veno-occlusive, kei te aukatihia ngā oko toto ate
• Ngā mate pukupuku tuarua ka puta i ngā tau i muri mai
• Ngā raruraru momo uri me ngā huringa homoni
• Ngā cataracts me ētahi atu pānga wā roa

Ahakoa te ahua nui o tēnei rārangi, he maha ngā tūroro e pā ana ki ngā raruraru ngawari noa iho, karekau rānei, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā raruraru ka taea te whakahaere pai mā te manaaki hauora tika.

He iti noa iho ngā raruraru wā-roa, engari ka uru pea ki te GVHD mau tonu, ngā raruraru pūnaha ārai mate e haere tonu ana, me te piki ake o te tūponotanga o ētahi momo mate pukupuku. Mā te manaaki whai-muri auau ka āwhina i te kite me te whakahaere i ēnei take i te wā wawe.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta i muri i te whakawhitinga wheua wheua?

I muri i te whakawhitinga wheua wheua, ka hiahia koe ki te whai-muri hauora auau mō te toenga o tō oranga, engari he wā motuhake kei reira me whakapā atu koe ki tō rōpū hauora tonu. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei tohu whakatūpato ka āwhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te rongoā tere i te wā e hiahiatia ana.

Me waea tonu koe ki tō tākuta mēnā ka pūremu koe i te kirika, nā te mea ka tohu tēnei i te mate kino. Ahakoa te kirika iti o te 100.4°F (38°C) neke atu rānei, e hiahia ana ki te aro hauora tonu i te wā e ngoikore ana tō pūnaha ārai mate.

Ko ētahi atu tohu e hiahia ana ki te manaaki hauora tonu ko te whakapairuaki nui, te ruaki rānei e ārai ana i a koe ki te pupuri wai, ngā tohu o te whakaheke toto pēnei i te pāpā nui rānei, me te uaua ki te hā, te mamae rānei o te uma.

Whakapā atu ki tō rōpū hauora tonu mēnā ka pā ki a koe ētahi o ēnei tohu e pā ana:

• Te korere mau tonu, ngā tohu rānei o te maroke
• Te mamae nui o te upoko, ngā huringa rānei o te tirohanga
• Te pūremu kiri, ngā huringa rānei o te tae kiri
• Te rangirua, ngā huringa rānei o te āhua
• Te ngenge nui atu i te mea e pā ana ki a koe
• Te mamae, te wera rānei i te wā e mimi ana

Kāore ēnei tohu e tohu ana i ngā raruraru nui i ngā wā katoa, engari he mea nui kia arotake tere i ngā tūroro whakawhiti.

Ka kaha te hōtaka whai-muri auau i te tuatahi, me ngā haerenga i te maha o ngā wā i te wiki i te tīmatanga, katahi ka heke haere ki ngā whakaritenga ia marama, katahi ia tau. Mā ēnei haerenga e aroturuki ana i ō tatauranga toto, te mahi okana, me te hauora whānui.

Ngā pātai auau mō te whakawhitinga wheua wheua

He rongoā te whakawhitinga wheua wheua mō te mate pukupuku?

Ka taea e te whakawhitinga wheua wheua te rongoā mō te maha o ngā mate pukupuku toto, engari kāore i te kī taurangi ka rongoā i te katoa. Kei te whakawhirinaki te angitu ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te momo mate pukupuku, te nui o tōna horapa, tō tau, me te hauora whānui. Mō ētahi tāngata, ka whai wāhi te whakawhitinga ki te rongoā katoa, i te wā e whai ana ētahi atu i te murunga hara mō te wā roa.

Ka taea e tō tākuta rongoā mate pukupuku te whakarato i ngā kōrero motuhake mō ngā reiti rongoā mō tō āhuatanga. Ahakoa kāore te whakawhitinga e whakarato i te rongoā, ka taea tonu te whakaroa i te oranga me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te oranga.

He mamae te whakawhitinga wheua wheua?

Kāore he mamae o te tikanga whakawhitinga tonu, ā, he rite ki te whiwhi i te whakawhitinga toto. Heoi, ka taea e te rongoā matū whakatikatika, te iraruke rānei i mua i te whakawhitinga te pānga nui, tae atu ki te ngenge, te whakapairuaki, me ngā patito waha.

Ka whakarato tō rōpū hauora i ngā rongoā hei whakahaere i te mamae me te raruraru puta noa i te tukanga. Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e kite ana he nui ake te mamae o te tūmanako i te wheako tonu, ina koa me te whakahaere mamae tika.

Kia pēhea te roa o te whakaora mai i te whakawhitinga wheua wheua?

Ko te whakaora tuatahi e 2-6 marama te roa, engari ka roa te whakaora katoa i te 1-2 tau, neke atu rānei. Ko te tikanga ka ora anō ō tatauranga toto i roto i te 2-4 wiki, engari ka roa pea te 6-12 marama o tō pūnaha ārai mate ki te hanga anō.

He rerekē te wā whakaora i waenga i ngā tāngata takitahi, ā, kei te whakawhirinaki ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i tō tau, te momo whakawhitinga, me te whanaketanga o ngā raruraru. Ka hoki ētahi tāngata ki ngā mahi noa i roto i ngā marama torutoru, i te wā e hiahia ana ētahi atu i te wā roa.

Ka taea e au te mahi i muri i te whakawhitinga wheua wheua?

He maha ngā tāngata ka taea te hoki ki te mahi i muri i te whakawhitinga wheua wheua, ahakoa he rerekē te wā. Ko ētahi tāngata ka hoki ki te mahi i roto i te 3-6 marama, ētahi atu rānei ka roa te tau, neke atu rānei, i runga i te whakaora me te momo mahi.

Ka whakawhirinaki tō kaha ki te mahi ki ō taumata pūngao, te whakaora o te pūnaha ārai mate, me ngā whakaritenga mahi. He maha ngā tāngata e kite ana me whakatika ētahi mea i te tīmatanga, pēnei i te mahi mai i te kāinga, te whakaiti rānei i ngā hāora.

Me tango tonu au i ngā rongoā i muri i te whakawhitinga?

Ko te hiahia mō ngā rongoā wā-roa e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō momo whakawhitinga me te pai o tō whakaora. Ko ngā tāngata whakawhitinga autologous te tikanga he iti ake ngā rongoā wā-roa i ngā tāngata whakawhitinga allogeneic.

Ko ngā tāngata whakawhitinga allogeneic te tikanga e hiahia ana ki ngā rongoā ārai mate mō te iti rawa i ētahi marama hei ārai i te GVHD, ā, ētahi ka hiahia mō te wā-roa. Ka mahi tō rōpū hauora ki te whakaiti i ngā rongoā i te wā e noho hauora ana koe me te ārai i ngā raruraru.