He aha te Whakauru Cochlear? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe me ngā Hua

He pūrere hiko iti te whakauru cochlear ka āwhina i te hunga e tino raru ana te rongo ki te rongo ano i ngā oro. Kāore i rite ki ngā pūrere rongo e whakanui ana i ngā oro, ka whakawhiti ngā whakauru cochlear i ngā wāhi kua pakaru o tō taringa o roto, ka tukuna ngā tohu oro ki tō uaua rongo.

Kua hurihia e tēnei hangarau whakamīharo te oranga o ngā rau mano o te tangata puta noa i te ao. E mahi ana mā te huri i ngā oro ki ngā tohu hiko ka taea e tō roro te whakamāori hei rongo, e whakatuwhera ana i te ao o te kōrero me te hononga i te mea kāore pea i taea.

He aha te whakauru cochlear?

E rua ngā wāhanga matua o te whakauru cochlear e mahi ngātahi ana ki te whakahoki mai i te rongo. Ko te wāhanga o waho e noho ana i muri i tō taringa pēnei i te pūrere rongo, i te wā e whakanohohia ana te wāhanga o roto ki raro i tō kiri me roto i tō taringa o roto.

Ka hopu te pūurutau o waho i ngā oro mai i tō taiao, ka huri ki ngā tohu matihiko. Ka tukuna ēnei tohu mā tō kiri ki te whakauru o roto, e whakahihiri ana i tō uaua rongo. Ka ako tō roro ki te whakamāori i ēnei tohu hiko hei oro, e āhei ana koe ki te rongo i te kōrero, te waiata, me ngā haruru o te taiao.

Whakaarohia he piriti e hono ana i te ao rongo ki tō roro i te wā e kore e pai te ara māori mā tō taringa. Ahakoa he rerekē pea ngā oro i te rongo māori i te tuatahi, ka urutau te nuinga o te tangata i te wā.

He aha te take i mahia ai te whakauru cochlear?

E tūtohutia ana ngā whakauru cochlear i te wā e kore ai e nui te painga o ngā pūrere rongo mō te kōrero i ia rā. Ko te tikanga tēnei i te wā e tino raru ana koe ki te rongo i ngā taringa e rua e pā ana ki tō kaha ki te mārama ki te kōrero, ahakoa me ngā pūrere rongo kaha.

Ka tupu pea tō raru rongo mai i te whānautanga, ka tipu haere rānei i roto i te wā i runga i ngā momo take. Ka ngaro ētahi tāngata i tō rātou rongo i te ohorere i te mate, te whara, te pānga taha rānei o te rongoā. Ko ētahi atu ka pā te raru rongo haere mai i ngā āhuatanga ira, te koroheketanga, te pā tonu rānei ki ngā haruru nui.

Ko te whakatau mō te whakauru i te whakato kōkiri ehara i te mea mō te nui o te raru rongo anake. Ka whakaaro anō tō tākuta ki te pai o tō māramatanga ki te kōrero me ngā taputapu rongo, tō hihiri ki te whai wāhi ki te whakaora i te rongo, me tō āhua hauora whānui mō te pokanga.

Ka taea e ngā tamariki e 12 marama te pakeke te whiwhi whakato kōkiri mēnā ka tutuki i a rātou ētahi paearu. Ko te whakato wawe i ngā tamariki he mea nui ki te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga kōrero me te reo e hanga ana i te tūāpapa mō te kōrero mō te oranga katoa.

He aha te tikanga mō te pokanga whakato kōkiri?

Ko te pokanga whakato kōkiri te tikanga ka mahia hei tikanga tūroro waho, ko te tikanga ka taea e koe te hoki ki te kāinga i te rā kotahi. E pā ana te pokanga ki te 2 ki te 4 hāora, ka mahia i raro i te rongoā whānui, nō reira ka moe katoa koe, ka pai hoki i te wā katoa.

Ka hanga e tō tākuta he tapahi iti i muri i tō taringa kia uru atu ki te wāhi o te taringa o roto. Ka keri āta rātou i tētahi poka iti i roto i te kōiwi kia tae ki te kōkiri, koinei te wāhanga āhua anga o tō taringa o roto e whai wāhi ana ki te rongo. Ka kuhuna āta te rarangi irahiko ki roto i te kōkiri.

Ka whakatakotoria te kaiwhiwhi o roto i raro i te kiri i muri i tō taringa, i reira ka kōrero ia ki te tukatuka o waho. Ka whakamātau tō tākuta i te pūrere i te wā o te pokanga kia mōhio ai kei te pai te mahi i mua i te kati i te tapahi ki ngā tūāwhi rānei i te kāpia pokanga.

He iti noa te mamae e pā ana ki te nuinga o te tangata i muri i te pokanga. Tera pea ka pōhēhē koe, ka pāwera, ka whai rānei i te pōuri mō ētahi rā, engari ka tere te ngaro o ēnei tohu. Me whai wā te wāhi pokanga kia ora i mua i te whakanoho me te whakahohe i te tukatuka o waho.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō pokanga whakauru kōkiri?

Ko te whakarite mō te pokanga whakauru kōkiri e whai ana i ētahi mahi nui hei āwhina i te whakatutuki i te hua pai rawa atu. Ka ārahi tō rōpū hauora i a koe mā roto i ngā whakamātautau rongo whānui, ngā arotake hauora, me ngā rangahau whakaahua hei whakapūmau he kaitono pai koe mō te tikanga.

I mua i te pokanga, ka tūtaki koe ki ngā tohunga rerekē ka noho hei wāhanga o tō haerenga rongo. Anei te mea ka taea e koe te tūmanako i te wā o te whakarite:

• Te arotake rongo katoa hei ine i ō taumata rongo o nāianei
• Te whakaaetanga hauora mai i tō tākuta tuatahi, i te tohunga rānei
• He karapa CT, he MRI rānei hei tirotiro i tō hanganga taringa o roto
• Te kōrero ki te rōpū pokanga mō te tikanga
• Te tūtakitanga ki tētahi kaiwhakarongo e hōtaka ana i tō pūrere
• Te kōrero mō ngā tūmanako tūturu me te tukanga whakahoki mai

Tera pea ka uru anō tō whakarite ki te ako mō te mea ka tūmanakohia i muri i te pokanga me te tīmatanga ki te whakatakoto i ngā whāinga tūturu mō tō haerenga rongo. E kitea ana e ētahi tāngata he āwhina ki te hono atu ki ētahi atu kua whakaurua kōkiri kia ako mō ō rātou wheako.

I te rā o te pokanga, me nohopuku koe mō ētahi haora i mua, me whakarite hoki tētahi hei taraiwa i a koe ki te kāinga i muri mai. Whakakākahu i ngā kākahu pai, waiho ngā whakapaipai me ngā taonga utu nui ki te kāinga.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua whakauru kōkiri?

Ko te māramatanga ki ō hua whakauru kōkiri e whai ana ki te titiro ki ētahi inenga rerekē e aroturuki ana i tō ahunga whakamua i te wā. Ka whakahaere tō kaiwhakarongo i ngā whakamātautau rerekē hei arotake i te pai o te mahi a tō whakauru me te nui o te painga e whiwhi ana koe i a ia.

Ko te ine tino nui ko tō māramatanga ki te kōrero, e whakamātauhia ana i roto i ngā taiao marino me te haruru. E whakaatu ana ēnei whakamātautau i te pai o tō mōhio ki ngā kupu me ngā rerenga kōrero, me te kore rānei o ngā tohu tirohanga pēnei i te pānui ngutu.

Ka inehia ō hua i ngā wā rerekē i muri i te whakahohenga. Anei te mea ka tūpono koe i ngā hui whai muri:

• Te whakahohenga tuatahi me te kite i te oro (3-4 wiki i muri i te pokanga)
• Te whakamātau i te mōhio ki te kōrero (1-3 marama i muri i te whakahohenga)
• Ngā aromatawai tonu hei whai i te whakapai ake (6 marama, 1 tau, me tua atu)
• Te whakatika i ngā raruraru o te pūrere me te whakatikatika i te hōtaka ina hiahiatia
• Te aromatawai i ngā pūkenga whakarongo i ngā taiao rerekē

Kia mahara he rerekē te ahunga whakamua o te katoa, ā, he maha ngā marama, tau rānei i muri i te whakahohenga ka haere tonu te whakapai ake. Ko ētahi tāngata ka kite i ngā painga tonu, engari ko ētahi atu me nui ake te wā ki te urutau ki tō rātou ara whakarongo hou.

Ka aroturukihia hoki e tō tākuta rongo te mahi hangarau o tō whakauru kia mōhio ai kei te pai te mahi o ngā hiko katoa, ā, kua pai te whakatakoto o ngā tautuhinga o tō pūrere mō ō hiahia ake.

Me pēhea te whakanui i te mahi o tō whakauru kōkiri?

Ko te whakanui i ngā painga o tō whakauru kōkiri e hiahia ana kia kaha te whai wāhi ki tō tukanga whakaora whakarongo. E whakarato ana te pūrere i te turanga mō te whakarongo, engari e hiahia ana tō roro i te wā me te whakangungu ki te ako me pēhea te whakamāori i ngā tohu hou.

He mea nui te whakamahi tonu i te pūrere mō te angitu. Ko te mau i tō pūurutau i ngā hāora katoa e oho ana ka āwhina i tō roro ki te urutau tere ki ngā tohu hiko, ā, ka hanga i ngā ara neural kaha ake mō te tukatuka i te oro.

He maha ngā rautaki ka āwhina i te whakapai ake i te mahi o tō whakauru kōkiri i te roanga o te wā:

• Haere ki ngā pōti audiologist katoa kua whakaritea mō ngā whakatikatika taputapu
• Whakamahia ngā mahi whakarongo me ngā hōtaka whakangungu whakarongo
• Whakamahia ngā taputapu whakarongo āwhina ina hiahiatia
• Whai wāhi ki te rongoā whaikōrero ki te tūtohutia
• Whakawero i a koe anō i ngā wāhi whakarongo uaua ake
• Kia mau ki ngā tūmanako tūturu i te wā e whakanui ana i ngā whakapainga iti

He maha ngā tāngata e kite ana ko te uru atu ki ngā rōpū tautoko, te hono atu rānei ki ētahi atu kaiwhakamahi whakato cochlear e whakarato ana i te whakatenatena whai hua me ngā tohutohu whaihua. Ka tūtohu pea tō audiologist i ngā hōtaka whakangungu motuhake i hangaia hei whakarei ake i ō pūkenga whakarongo.

Ko te tiaki pai i tō taputapu mā te pupuri kia mā, kia maroke, me te tiaki tika ka whakarite i te mahi pai. Ko te nuinga o ngā whakato cochlear hou he tino roa, engari ko te whai i ngā aratohu a te kaihanga ka ārai i ngā raruraru hangarau.

He aha te hua pai rawa atu o te whakato cochlear?

He rerekē te hua pai rawa atu o te whakato cochlear mai i te tangata ki te tangata, engari ko te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi angitu ka mōhio ki te kōrero me te kore e pānui ngā ngutu, me te pai ki te waiata, ngā kōrero, me ngā oro taiao. Ka eke ētahi tāngata ki ngā taumata whakarongo tata-noa i ngā taiao marino.

Ko ngā hua pai rawa atu ko te kaha ki te kōrero waea, te mōhio ki te kōrero i ngā wāhi haruru ngawari, me te maioha ki te waiata ki ētahi tohu. He maha ngā tāngata e hoki ana ki ngā mahi i pai ai rātou i mua i tō rātou ngaronga whakarongo, tae atu ki ngā hui pāpori, ngā hui mahi, me ngā hui whakangahau.

He maha ngā āhuatanga e whai wāhi ana ki ngā hua pai, tae atu ki te roa o te ngaronga whakarongo i mua i te whakato, te tau i te wā o te pokanga, me te whakapau kaha ki te whakaora. Ko ngā tāngata i ngaro i tō rātou whakarongo i tēnei wā tata nei ka tere ake te urutau, engari ahakoa ko te hunga kua roa te ngaronga whakarongo ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakapainga whakamīharo.

Ko ngā tamariki e whakaurua ana i ngā whakaurunga i te wā tamariki, he maha ngā wā ka whanake ngā pūkenga kōrero me te reo e tino tata ana ki ō rātou hoa rongo. Ko ngā pakeke ka tūpō mai i muri mai i te oranga, ka whakahoki mai pea i te nuinga o ō rātou pūkenga kōrero o mua.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā hua whakaurunga kōkiri kāore i te pai?

Ahakoa te nuinga o te tangata e whai hua nui ana mai i ngā whakaurunga kōkiri, ka taea e ētahi āhuatanga te pā ki te pai o te mahi o te pūrere mōu. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga tūpono ka āwhina i te whakatakoto i ngā tūmanako tūturu me te ārahi i te whakatau i te wā me te tūnga.

Ko te roa o te wā i noho ai koe kāore he rongo whai hua he mahi nui i roto i ngā hua. Ki te kore te io rongo e whakahihiri mō ngā wā roa, ka iti ake te urupare ki ngā tohu hiko mai i te whakaurunga.

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki tō angitu whakaurunga kōkiri:

• Te roa rawa o te ngaronga rongo nui (nui atu i te 20-30 tau)
• Te nui o te kino o te taringa o roto, te āhua rānei kāore i te pai
• Te mate roro o mua i puta ai te kiko kōpiko i roto i te kōkiri
• Ētahi āhuatanga ira e pā ana ki te io rongo
• Te pakeke haere me te heke o te māramatanga
• Ngā tūmanako kāore i te tūturu mō te mahi o te pūrere
• Te iti o te uru atu ki te tiaki whai muri me ngā ratonga whakahou

Ahakoa ēnei āhuatanga tūpono, he maha ngā tāngata ka whai hua nui tonu mai i ngā whakaurunga kōkiri. Ka āta arotakehia e tō rōpū hauora tō āhuatanga takitahi hei whakatau mēnā ka whai hua koe mai i te pūrere.

He mea nui kia mārama ko te whai āhuatanga tūpono kāore i te whakakore aunoa i a koe mai i te whiwhi whakaurunga, engari ka pā pea ki te nui o te whakapai ake ka pā ki a koe.

He pai ake te whai i tētahi, i ngā whakaurunga kōkiri e rua rānei?

He maha ngā hua ka puta mai i te whakauru i ngā whakaurunga cochlear e rua (bilateral implantation) i te whai kotahi noa iho, ina koa mō te māramatanga ki te kōrero i ngā wāhi haruru, me te whakatau i te wāhi e puta mai ana ngā tangi. Heoi, kei runga i ō āhuatanga takitahi me te hītori o tō rongo te whakatau.

E mahi tahi ana ngā whakaurunga e rua, pērā i ngā taringa tūturu e rua, e whakarato ana i tō roro ki ngā kōrero tangi katoa. Mā tēnei rongo binaural e āwhina ana i a koe ki te kimi i ngā tangi i te wāhi, ki te mārama pai ake ki te kōrero i ngā wāhi whakarongo uaua, me te pārekareka ki tētahi wheako whakarongo tūturu ake.

He tokomaha ngā tāngata e tīmata ana ki te whakauru kotahi, ā, i muri mai ka whakatau ki te whakauru i te tuarua mēnā e makona ana rātou ki ā rātou hua. Ko ētahi e whiriwhiri ana kia whakaurua ngā whakaurunga e rua i ngā pokanga motuhake i whakaritea i ētahi marama i muri mai, e tuku ana i te wā ki te urutau ki ia pūrere.

Mā tō audiologist me te tākuta pokanga e āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i ngā painga me ngā whakaaro o te whakaurunga bilateral i runga i tō hītori ngaro rongo, ngā hiahia o te oranga, me ngā manakohanga whaiaro. Ka whai wāhi pea te inihua me ngā whakaaro utu ki tēnei whakatau.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te pokanga whakauru cochlear?

He tino haumaru te pokanga whakauru cochlear, ā, he iti iho i te 1% o ngā tūponotanga ka puta mai ngā raruraru nui. Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e pā ana ki ngā pānga iti, rangitahi noa iho ka ngaro katoa i roto i ētahi rā ki ētahi wiki i muri i te pokanga.

Ko ngā pānga rangitahi tino noa ko te mamae iti, te pūhihi huri noa i te wāhi pokanga, me te whanoke rangitahi, ngā take taurite rānei. Ka pai ake ēnei i te wa tika, ā, kāore e pā ki te angitu mo te wā roa o tō whakauru.

Anei ngā raruraru ka puta, mai i ngā pānga rangitahi noa ki ngā take nui onge:

• Te ngoikore rānei te ngongo o te kanohi (te nuinga ka ngaro i roto i ngā wiki)
• Ngā huringa i te rongo reka (he wā poto tonu)
• Te tangi i ngā taringa (tinnitus) ka pai ake i te wā
• Te korenga o te pūrere e hiahia ana ki te pokanga whakakapi (he onge, iti iho i te 5% te tūponotanga i te oranga)
• Te mate i te wāhi pokanga (he mea noa, ka taea te rongoā ki ngā paturopi)
• Meningitis (he tino onge, ka ārai ki ngā kano ārai mate e tūtohutia ana)
• Te kino ki te rongo tūturu e toe ana i te taringa i whakauruhia

He maha ngā whakatūpato a tō rōpū pokanga hei whakaiti i ēnei tūponotanga, tae atu ki te whakamahi i ngā tikanga horoi, te whakahau i ngā paturopi ārai, me te tūtohu i ngā kano ārai mate i mua i te pokanga i te wā e tika ana.

Ko te nuinga o ngā raruraru, ki te puta, ka taea te whakahaere, ā, kāore e ārai i a koe ki te whai hua mai i tō whakaurunga cochlear. Ka mātakitaki tata tō rōpū hauora i a koe, ā, ka whakatika i ngā āwangawanga i te wā tika.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta mō te tūnga o te whakaurunga cochlear?

Me whakaaro koe ki te kōrero ki tētahi tohunga whakaurunga cochlear mēnā kāore ō pūrere rongo e whai hua ana mō te kōrero o ia rā. Ko te tikanga tēnei kei te uaua koe ki te mārama ki te kōrero ahakoa he pai te whakatika, he kaha hoki ngā pūrere rongo.

Ka roa pea te tukanga arotake i ngā wiki, i ngā marama rānei, nō reira he pai ake te tīmata i te kōrero i mua i te wā. Ahakoa kāore koe i te rite mō te pokanga i te wā tonu, mā te arotake ka āwhina koe ki te mārama ki ō kōwhiringa me te whakamahere mō te anamata.

Whakaarohia te rapu i tētahi arotake whakaurunga cochlear mēnā ka pā ki a koe ēnei āhuatanga:

• Te uaua ki te mārama i te kōrero ahakoa te whakamahi i ngā taputapu whakarongo
• Te hiahia tonu ki te tono kia tōtō mai anō ngā tāngata i tā rātou kōrero
• Te karo i ngā tūāhuatanga pāpori nā te wero o te kōrero
• Te uaua ki te mahi, ki te kura rānei nā te ngaronga o te whakarongo
• Te pōuri, te riri rānei i ngā uauatanga o te kōrero
• E kore e taea te whakamahi waea i runga i te whai hua
• Ngā āwangawanga haumaru nā te kore e rongo i ngā oro nui

Kāore te kōrero wawe e here i a koe ki te pokanga, engari e whakarato ana i ngā kōrero whai hua mō te whai hua o te whakauru kōkiri i tēnei wā, i te wā anō rānei.

Mēnā he pātai āu mō te tūnga, he maha ngā pokapū whakauru kōkiri e tuku ana i ngā kōrero tuatahi hei kōrero mō tō hītori whakarongo me te whakatau mēnā he pai te arotake katoa.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō ngā whakauru kōkiri

Q.1 He pai te pokanga whakauru kōkiri mō te ngaronga whakarongo ohorere?

He kōwhiringa pai ngā whakauru kōkiri mō te ngaronga whakarongo ohorere kāore e aro ki te rongoā, engari he mea nui te wā me te kaha. Mēnā kua pā ki a koe te ngaronga whakarongo ohorere, kaha kāore i pai ake i te rongoā steroid, i ētahi atu rongoā rānei, he pai pea te arotake whakauru kōkiri.

Ko te wawe o te whakauru i te whakauru i muri i te ngaronga whakarongo ohorere, ka pai ake pea ō hua. Kei te "hou" tonu tō io whakarongo, ā, he kaha ake te aro ki te whakaihiihi hiko i te wā tata tonu te ngaronga.

Q.2 E pā ana te pokanga whakauru kōkiri ki tō taurite?

He maha ngā tāngata e pā ana ki te whanoke, ki ngā huringa taurite rānei i muri tonu i te pokanga whakauru kōkiri, engari ka ngaro ēnei pānga i roto i ngā rā, i ngā wiki rānei. I ētahi wā ka pā te pokanga ki ngā okana taurite i tō taringa o roto, e tata ana ki te kōkiri.

He mea noa te raruraru taurite mo te wā roa, ā, he maha ngā tāngata e kite ana ka pai ake te taurite i te roanga o te wā i te mea ka whakahokia mai te māramatanga ā-wāhi mā te pai ake o te rongo. Ki te whai raruraru taurite koe i mua, ka kōrero tō tākuta pokanga i ēnei tūponotanga ki a koe i mua.

Q.3 Ka taea e ngā tamariki whai whakaurunga kōkiri te whakawhanake i te kōrero noa?

Ko ngā tamariki e whiwhi ana i ngā whakaurunga kōkiri i te tamarikitanga ka whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga kōrero me te reo e tata ana ki ō rātou hoa rongo, ina koa ka whiwhi rātou i te rongoā me te tautoko tonu. Ko te wawe ake o te whakaurunga, ka pai ake te whai wāhi mō te whakawhanaketanga kōrero noa.

E whakawhirinaki ana te angitu ki ngā mea maha tae atu ki te tau i te whakaurunga, te tautoko a te whānau, te uru atu ki ngā ratonga rongoā, me te whakawhanaketanga takitahi o te tamaiti. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki whai whakaurunga kōkiri e haere ana ki ngā kura noa, ā, e whai wāhi ana ki ngā mahi e tika ana mō te tau.

Q.4 Ka taea e au te pārekareka ki te waiata me te whakaurunga kōkiri?

He maha ngā kaiwhakamahi whakaurunga kōkiri e pārekareka ana ki te waiata, ahakoa he rerekē pea te tangi mai i tō mahara ki te rongo māori. E kite ana ētahi tāngata ka pai ake te maioha waiata i te roanga o te wā i te mea ka urutau tō rātou roro ki te tukatuka i ngā tohu hiko.

He māmā ake te maioha ki ngā waiata ngawari me ngā waiata e mōhiotia ana i ngā wāhanga waiata uaua. E kitea ana e ētahi tāngata ngā momo waiata hou e pai ana ki tā rātou whakaurunga, i te mea e whakamahi ana ētahi atu i ngā hōtaka whakangungu waiata motuhake hei whakanui i ō rātou pārekareka.

Q.5 Kia pēhea te roa o te whakaurunga kōkiri?

I hangaia ngā whakaurunga kōkiri hou kia roa mō ngā tau maha, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā pūrere o roto e pai ana te mahi mō te 20 tau neke atu rānei. Ko te tukatuka o waho te tikanga me whakakapi ia 5-7 tau nā te mau noa me ngā whakawhanaketanga hangarau.

He onge te rahunga o te pūrere e hiahia ana kia whakakapia mā te pokanga, ka puta i roto i te iti iho i te 5% o ngā whakaurunga i roto i tō rātou oranga. Ki te tika te whakakapi, he poto ake te pokanga, ā, he iti ake te uaua i te whakaurunga tuatahi.