He aha te Angioplasty me ngā Stents Coronary? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe & ngā Hua

Ko te angioplasty coronary he hātepe iti nei te riri e whakatuwhera ana i ngā uaua o te ngākau kua aukatia, kua whāiti rānei mā te whakamahi i tētahi pōro iti. I te wā o te hātepe, ka whakatakoto ngā tākuta i tētahi ngongo rīpene iti e kīia ana he stent hei pupuri i te uaua kia tuwhera mō te wā roa. Mā tēnei rongoā e āwhina te whakahoki i te rere o te toto ki tō uaua ngākau, e whakaora ana i te mamae o te uma me te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga ki te pānga o te ngākau.

He aha te angioplasty coronary?

Ko te angioplasty coronary he hātepe e whānui ana i ngā uaua ngākau kua whāiti, kāore he pokanga tuwhera. Ka whakauru tō tākuta i tētahi ngongo angiangi me tētahi pōro kua tūkinotia i tōna pito mā tētahi oko toto i tō ringaringa, i tō taha rānei. Ka whakanuia te pōro i te wāhi aukati hei kōpeke i ngā putunga momona ki te taha o te uaua, e waihanga ana i te wāhi nui ake mō te rere o te toto.

Ko te kupu rongoā mō tēnei hātepe ko te percutaneous coronary intervention, PCI rānei mō te poto. Whakaarohia me te mea e whakawātea ana i tētahi paipa kua purua, engari ko te "paipa" he tētahi o ngā oko toto nui o tō ngākau. Ko te nuinga o ngā hātepe kei roto hoki te whakatakoto i tētahi stent, e mahi ana me te mea he tūāpapa hei pupuri i te uaua kia tuwhera i muri i te tangohanga o te pōro.

He aha te take e mahia ana te angioplasty coronary?

Ka tūtohu ngā tākuta i te angioplasty i te wā e tino aukatia ana ō uaua coronary e te hanga o te pāraki. Ko te tikanga tēnei ka pā ana koe i te mate uaua coronary, e whāiti haere ana ngā ara e tuku ana i te toto ki tō uaua ngākau e ngā putunga momona. Ki te kore he rerenga toto nui, kāore e taea e tō ngākau te tiki i te hāora e hiahiatia ana e ia kia pai te mahi.

Me hiahia pea koe i tēnei hātepe ki te pā ana koe i te mamae o te uma i ngā mahi o ia rā, ki te pā ana rānei koe i te pānga o te ngākau. I ētahi wā ka kitea e ngā tākuta ngā aukati nui i ngā whakamātautau o ia rā, ahakoa kāore anō koe i rongo i ngā tohumate. Ko te whāinga tonu ko te whakahoki i te rerenga toto hauora i mua i te pāngia tūturu o tō uaua ngākau.

I te kīnga i tērā, ka whakaaro tō tākuta ngākau ki ētahi āhuatanga i mua i te tūtohu i te angioplasty:

• Te wāhi me te kaha o ō aukati
• Te mahi me te hauora o tō ngākau
• Te pai o tō urupare ki ngā rongoā
• Ō tohumate me te kounga o te oranga
• Mēnā kei te pā koe i te whakaeke ngākau kaha

I ngā wā ohorere pēnei i te whakaeke ngākau, ka taea e te angioplasty te whakaora i te ora mā te whakatuwhera tere i tētahi uaua kua aukatia katoa. Mō ngā āhuatanga pūmau, ka whakaarohia i te nuinga o te wā i te kore e nui te āwhina o ngā rongoā me ngā huringa oranga mai i ngā tohumate.

He aha te tikanga mō te angioplasty coronary?

Ko te tikanga angioplasty te nuinga o te wā e 30 meneti ki te 2 hāora, i runga i te uaua o ō aukati. Ka oho koe engari ka whakangāwarihia i te wā o te tikanga, e takoto ana i runga i tētahi tēpu motuhake i roto i te taiwhanga catheterization ngākau e mau ana i ngā mīhini X-ray.

Ka tīmata tō rōpū hauora mā te whakamāui i te wāhi e whakauruhia ai e rātou te catheter, te nuinga o te wā tō pūwaha rānei, tō huha o runga. Whai muri i te hanga i tētahi poka iti, ka whakawhāitihia e rātou tētahi ngongo angiangi, ngawari e kīia ana he catheter mā ō uaua toto ki tō ngākau. Ka werohia tētahi tae motuhake mā te catheter kia kitea mārama ō uaua i ngā whakaahua X-ray.

Me wāwāhi i ngā mea e tū ana i muri mai i te angioplasty:

1. Ka ārahi tō tākuta i tētahi catheter pōro ki te wāhi aukati
2. Ka pupuhihia te pōro ki te kōpeke i te pākaru ki te pakitara uaua
3. Ka whakahekehia te pōro, ā, ka pupuhihia anō ki te hiahiatia
4. I te nuinga o te wā ka whakatakotoria tētahi stent kia tuwhera tonu te uaua
5. Ka ata tangohia ngā taputapu katoa
6. Ka whakamahia te pēhanga ki te hiri i te wāhi whakauru

I te wā e pupuhi ana te pōro, ka pōti pea koe i tētahi pēhanga uma, i tētahi rānei mamae mō ētahi hēkona. He mea noa tēnei, ā, ko te tikanga kei te mahi te tikanga ki te whakatuwhera i tō uaua. Ka aroturukihia e tō rōpū hauora tō manawataki me tō pēhanga toto puta noa i te tukanga katoa.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō angioplasty coronary?

Ko te whakarite mō te angioplasty te tikanga ka tīmata i ētahi rā i mua i tō tikanga. Ka arotake tō tākuta i ō rongoā, ā, ka tono pea ki a koe kia mutu te tango i ētahi rongoā whakaheke toto, i ētahi rongoā mate huka rānei mō tētahi wā. Me whakarite hoki koe i tētahi tangata hei kawe i a koe ki te kāinga i muri mai, nā te mea kāore e taea e koe te taraiwa mō te 24 haora neke atu.

I te rā i mua i tō tikanga, me mutu te kai me te inu i muri i te pō waenganui. Ka hoatu e tō rōpū hauora ki a koe ētahi tohutohu motuhake mō ngā rongoā hei tango me ngā wai iti i te ata o tō tikanga. Ki te whai mate huka koe, ka hoatu e tō tākuta he aratohu motuhake mō te whakahaere i tō huka toto.

Koinei te mea ka taea e koe te tūmanako i te rā o tō angioplasty:

• Haere ki te hōhipera 1-2 haora i mua i tō wā kua whakaritea
• Hurihia ki tētahi kākahu hōhipera ka tango i ngā whakapaipai
• Tutaki ki tō kaiwhakawhiwhi rongoā me tō tohunga ngākau
• Whakanohohia tētahi rārangi IV mō ngā rongoā me ngā wai
• Whiwhi i te rongoā ngawari hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakangāwari

Ka heua hoki e tō rōpū hauora, ka horoi i te wāhi e whakauruhia ai te katetā. Kaua e māharahara ki te pōti i te āwangawanga – he mea noa tēnei, ā, he mātanga ō tō nēhi ki te āwhina i ngā tūroro kia pai te tū me te mōhio puta noa i te tukanga.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua angioplasty coronary?

Ko ngā hua o tō angioplasty e inehia ana e te angitu o te whakatuwheratanga o ō uaua kua aukatia. E whai ana ngā tākuta kia iti iho i te 20% te whaiti e toe ana i muri i te tikanga, ko te tikanga me 80% te tuwhera o tō uaua. Ka whakaatu tō tākuta ngākau ki a koe ngā whakaahua i mua me muri, e whakaatu marama ana i te whakapai ake i te rere o te toto.

He tino whakahihiri ngā reiti angitu mō te angioplasty. Ko te nuinga o ngā tikanga ka tutuki tonu te angitu hangarau, ko te tikanga kua angitu te whakatuwheratanga o te aukati me te whakahoki mai i te rere o te toto. Ka ine hoki tō tākuta i tētahi mea e kiia nei ko te rere o te TIMI, e whakatau ana i te pai o te neke o te toto i roto i tō uaua i runga i te tauine mai i te 0 ki te 3, ko te 3 te rere noa.

Na, he aha te tikanga o tēnei mōu? Anei ngā tohu matua ka aroturukihia e tō rōpū hauora:

• Te whakawātea tonu i te mamae o te uma, i te pēhanga rānei
• Te whakapai ake i te rere o te toto e kitea ana i ngā whakaahua X-ray
• Te manawataki ngākau tū tonu i te wā me muri i te tikanga
• Te pēhanga toto me ngā taumata hāora noa
• Te whakatakoto angitu o te stent mēnā i whakamahia tētahi

Ka kōrero tō tākuta ngākau i ēnei hua ki a koe i muri tata i te tikanga. Ka whakamāramahia e rātou he aha ngā whakaahua e whakaatu ana me te pēhea te whakapai ake o te maimoatanga i ō tohumate me te hauora ngākau i te wā roa. Ko te nuinga o ngā tūroro ka kite i te whakawātea i ngā tohumate i roto i ngā rā ki ngā wiki i muri i te angioplasty angitu.

Me pēhea te pupuri i tō hauora ngākau i muri i te angioplasty?

Ko te pupuri i tō hauora ngākau i muri i te angioplasty e hiahia ana i te huinga rongoā, ngā huringa o te oranga, me te tiaki whai-muri auau. Ka tohutohu tō tākuta i ngā rongoā whakaheke toto hei ārai i te hanga o ngā kōpuku toto i te taha o tō stent, ā, he mea nui ēnei mō tō haumaru. Kaua rawa e whakamutu i ēnei rongoā me te kore e kōrero tuatahi ki tō tākuta ngākau.

He mea nui hoki ngā whakarerekētanga o te noho i te oranga tonutanga. Ka whai hua tō ngākau mai i te kai e whai rawa ana i ngā hua, huawhenua, ngā purapura katoa, me ngā pūmua hiroki, me te whakaiti i ngā ngako kukū, te konutai, me ngā kai tukatuka. Ko te whakakori tinana i ngā wā katoa, e ai ki te whakaaetanga a tō tākuta, ka āwhina i te whakakaha i tō ngākau me te whakapai ake i te tohanga toto puta noa i tō tinana.

Me wāwāhi ngā mahi nui mō te whakaora pai me te hauora mo te wā roa:

1. Tangohia ngā rongoā katoa i whakaritea kia rite ki ngā tohutohu
2. Haere ki ngā pōti whai muri katoa me tō tākuta ngākau
3. Whaia tētahi mahere kai hauora mō te ngākau
4. Whakanuia haere te whakakori tinana i te mea e taunakitia ana
5. Kati te kai paipa ki te kāore anō koe
6. Whakahaerehia te pēhanga mā ngā tikanga whakangāwari, mā te tohutohu rānei
7. Aroturukihia me te whakahaere i te pēhanga toto, te kōpūmāota, me te mate huka

Ka mahi tō rōpū hauora ki a koe ki te hanga i tētahi mahere whaiaro e hāngai ana ki tō oranga me ō hiahia hauora. He maha ngā tūroro e kite ana he pai te tautoko me te ārahitanga o ngā hōtaka whakahou ngākau i te wā o te whakaora.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō te hiahia ki te angioplasty coronary?

He maha ngā āhuatanga tūpono e whakanui ana i tō tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i te mate o te uaua coronary e hiahia ana ki te angioplasty. Ko ētahi o ēnei āhuatanga ka taea e koe te whakahaere mā ngā whiringa o te oranga, i te mea e pā ana ētahi atu ki te ira, ki ngā āhuatanga hauora rānei i whānau mai ai koe. Ko te māramatanga ki ēnei tūponotanga ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i ngā whakatau mō tō hauora ngākau.

Ko ngā āhuatanga tūpono ka taea te whakarereke ko ngā mea kei a koe te mana ki te huri, ki te whakapai ake rānei. Ko te pēhanga toto tiketike, te kōpūmāota tiketike, te mate huka, te kai paipa, te momomo, me te oranga noho noho noa e whai wāhi ana ki te hanga o te pānga i roto i ō uaua. Ka pā hoki te pēhanga mau tonu me ngā tikanga moe kino ki tō hauora ngākau i te wā.

Anei ngā āhuatanga tūpono nui rawa atu ka whakaarohia e tō tākuta:

• Te hītori o te whānau mō te mate ngākau, inarā i mua i te 65 tau
• Te pēhanga toto tiketike (140/90 mmHg neke atu rānei)
• Ngā taumata cholesterol LDL tiketike (nui ake i te 100 mg/dL)
• Te mate huka, te prediabetes rānei
• Te kai paipa o nāianei, o mua rānei
• Te momomo, inarā i te taha o te hope
• Te pakeke (tāne neke atu i te 45, wāhine neke atu i te 55)
• Te mate tākihi tawhito
• Te hītori o ētahi atu mate uaua toto

Kāore te kotahi, neke atu rānei o ngā āhuatanga tūpono e taurangi ana ka hiahia koe ki te angioplasty, engari ka piki ake te tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i te mate uaua toto coronary. Ko te rongo pai ko te whakatika i ngā āhuatanga tūpono ka taea te whakarerekē ka tino whakaiti i tō tūponotanga, ā, ka ārai pea i te hiahia mō ngā tikanga pēnei i te angioplasty.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te angioplasty coronary?

Ahakoa te angioplasty coronary he haumaru, he whai hua hoki, pērā i ētahi atu tikanga rongoā, he tūponotanga ōna. He iti noa ngā raruraru nui, ka puta i roto i te iti iho i te 2% o ngā tikanga, engari he mea nui kia mārama ki ngā mea ka puta. Ka whai ngā tō rōpū rongoā i ngā whakatūpato nui hei whakaiti i ēnei tūponotanga.

Ko ngā raruraru iti noa ko te toto, te pānga rānei i te wāhi whakauru catheter, ka ngaro i roto i ētahi rā. Ka pā te mamae, te pānga rānei ki ētahi tūroro i te wāhi i whakauruhia ai te catheter. I ētahi wā, ka pā te tauhohenga pāwera ki te waikano rerekē i whakamahia i te wā o te tikanga.

Koinei ngā raruraru ka puta, mai i te iti ki te nui ake:

• Te toto, te hematoma rānei i te wāhi whakauru
• Te pānga, te mamae rānei e roa ana i ētahi rā
• Te tauhohenga pāwera ki te waikano rerekē
• Ngā raruraru tākihi rangitahi mai i te waikano rerekē
• Te pakaru, te roimata rānei o te uaua toto i te wā o te tikanga
• Te hanga o ngā kōpuku toto i te taha o te stent
• Te whakaeke ngākau i te wā o te tikanga (iti rawa)
• Te whiu (iti rawa)
• Te hiahia mō te pokanga bypass ohorere (iti iho i te 1%)

Ka mātakitaki tata tō rōpū hauora i a koe i te wā o te mahi me muri iho, kia kite wawe i ngā raruraru. Kāore te nuinga o ngā tūroro e pā ana ki ngā raruraru, ā, ka ora pai. Ki te pā koe ki ētahi tohumate rerekē i muri i tō mahi, kaua e whakaroa ki te whakapā atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora tonu.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta i muri i te angioplasty coronary?

Me whakapā atu koe ki tō tākuta tonu ki te pā koe ki te mamae o te uma e rite ana ki tō i mua i tō angioplasty. Ahakoa he āwangawanga iti i te wāhi whakauru he mea noa, ko te mamae o te uma hou, e kaha haere ana rānei, ka tohu pea i te raruraru ki tō stent, i tētahi arai hou rānei. Kaua e tatari kia kite mena ka pai ake ngā tohumate i a rātou anō.

Ko ētahi atu tohu whakatūpato e hiahia ana kia aro mai te rongoā, ina koa i roto i ngā wiki tuatahi i muri i tō mahi. Kei roto i ēnei ko te poto o te manawa, te whanoke, te ngaro o te mahara, te tere o te ngākau. Ko ngā raruraru i tō wāhi whakauru, pēnei i te nui o te toto, te kaha haere o te mamae, ngā tohu rānei o te mate, me whai aromatawai tonu.

Whakapā atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora tonu ki te pā koe ki ētahi o ēnei tohumate:

• Te mamae o te uma, te pēhanga rānei e roa ana i ngā meneti ruarua
• Te poto o te manawa he mea hou, e kaha haere ana rānei
• Te whanoke, te māmā o te mahunga, te ngaro rānei o te mahara
• Te tere, te koretake rānei o te pōkā
• Te whakapairuaki, te ruaki rānei me te āwangawanga o te uma
• Te mamae e horapa ana ki tō ringa, kaki, kauae rānei
• Te toto kaha mai i te wāhi whakauru
• Ngā tohu o te mate pēnei i te kirika, te whero, te mahana rānei
• Te mamae nui, te pūhi rānei i te wāhi catheter

Mō te aroturuki i ngā wā katoa, ka kite tō kairangahau ngākau i a koe i roto i te kotahi ki te rua wiki i muri i tō mahi. He mea nui ēnei whakaritenga mō te aroturuki i tō whakaora me te whakatika i ngā rongoā ki te hiahiatia. Ka āwhina ngā arotake i ngā wā katoa kia pai tonu te mahi a tō stent, kia noho hauora tonu tō ngākau i te wā roa.

Ngā pātai auau mō te angioplasty me ngā stent coronary

Q.1 He pai te angioplasty coronary mō te ārai i ngā whakaeke ngākau?

Āe, he tino whai hua te angioplasty coronary ki te ārai i ngā whakaeke ngākau, ina koa i ētahi wā. Ki te whai koe i tētahi whakaeke ngākau kaha, ka taea e te angioplasty ohorere te whakaora i te ora mā te whakatuwhera tere i te uaua kua aukatia me te whakaiti i te kino ki tō uaua ngākau. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ko tēnei maimoatanga ohorere e tino pai ake ana ngā reiti oranga me te mahi ngākau mō te wā roa.

Mō te mate uaua coronary pumau, ka āwhina te angioplasty i te tuatahi ki te whakaora i ngā tohumate pēnei i te mamae o te uma me te poto o te manawa. Ahakoa ka whakaiti pea i tō tūponotanga ki ngā whakaeke ngākau ā muri ake nei, ina koa ki te whai koe i ngā aukati nui, ka pai te mahi o te tikanga ina honoa ki ngā rongoā me ngā huringa oranga. Māu e āwhina tō tākuta ngākau ki te whakatau mēnā ko te angioplasty te rautaki ārai tika mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Q.2 Ka pā mai ngā raruraru mō te wā roa ki te whai stent?

Ko te nuinga o te hunga whai stent e noho ana i ngā oranga noa, hauora, kāore he raruraru mō te wā roa. Ko ngā stent e tuku rongoā hou i hangaia kia uru pai ki tō pakitara uaua me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te whāiti anō o te uaua. Ko ngā rongoā e hipoki ana i ēnei stent e āwhina ana ki te ārai i te hanga o te kiko kiko a tawhio noa te taputapu.

Heoi, me tango koe i ngā rongoā whakaheke toto, te tikanga mō te iti rawa i te tau kotahi i muri i te whakanoho i te stent. I te wāhi onge, ka whanake pea ētahi tūroro i te in-stent restenosis, kei te whāiti anō te uaua i roto, a tawhio noa rānei i te stent. Ka pā tēnei i roto i te iti iho i te 10% o ngā keehi me ngā stent hou, ā, ka taea te rongoā angitu ki te puta mai.

Q.3 Kia pēhea te roa o te stent coronary?

I hanga ngā stent coronary kia tū tonu, ā, ka roa te roanga o te ora i te wā e tika ana te whakatakoto. Ka uru te stent ki tō pakitara uaua i roto i ngā marama maha, ka noho tūturu ki tō uaua toto. Kāore i rite ki ētahi taputapu rongoā, kāore ngā stent e pau, e hiahia rānei kia whakakē i raro i ngā āhuatanga noa.

E ai ki tērā, ka taea tonu e te mate uaua coronary te haere tonu i ētahi atu wāhi o ngā uaua toto o tō ngākau. Ahakoa te wāhi i whakauruhia te stent e noho tuwhera ana, ka puta pea ngā aukati hou i ngā wāhi rerekē i roto i te wā. Koinei te take he mea nui tonu te haere tonu i ngā rongoā, ngā huringa o te oranga, me te tiaki whai-whai i te wā o tō ora.

Q.4 Ka taea e au te whakakori tinana i muri i te whakaurunga stent?

Āe, ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te hoki ki te whakakori tinana me ngā mahi tinana i muri i te whakaora mai i te whakaurunga stent. Inā, e tino whakahihiri ana te mahi tinana i te wāhanga o tō oranga ngākau-hauora. He maha ngā tūroro e kite ana ka kaha ake te mahi i muri i te angioplasty nā te mea ka whakaiti te rere toto pai ake i te mamae o te uma me te poto o te manawa i te wā e whakapau kaha ana.

Ka hoatu e tō tākuta ngā aratohu motuhake mō te wā me te pēhea te tīmatanga anō o te whakakori tinana, te tikanga ka tīmata ki ngā mahi māmā i roto i ētahi rā, ka piki haere te kaha i roto i ētahi wiki. He maha ngā tūroro e whai hua ana mai i ngā hōtaka whakahou ngākau, e whakarato ana i te whakangungu whakakori tinana me te mātauranga mō te noho ngākau-hauora i roto i te taiao haumaru, e aroturukihia ana.

Q.5 Me whai angioplasty anō au ā muri ake nei?

Kāore te nuinga o ngā tūroro e hiahia angioplasty anō i te wāhi kotahi i whakauruhia ai te stent. Kua tino whakaiti ngā stent rongoā-whakawhāiti i te hiahia mō ngā tikanga anō, me te nui tonu o ngā reiti angitu i ngā tau i muri i te whakaurunga. Heoi, ka taea e te mate uaua coronary te haere tonu i roto i te wā, ka hiahia pea ki te rongoā i ngā aukati hou i ngā uaua rerekē.

Ko tō tūponotanga ki te hiahia i ngā tikanga ā muri ake nei, e pā ana ki te pai o tō whakahaere i ō āhuatanga tūpono i muri i te angioplasty. Mā te tango rongoā i te mea i whakaritea, te pupuri i te oranga ngākau, te whakahaere i te pēhanga toto me te cholesterol, me te karo i te kai paipa, ka āwhina katoa ki te ārai i te hanganga o ngā aukati hou. Ko te whai i tō tākuta ngākau i ngā wā katoa ka āwhina ki te kite i ngā raruraru hou i te wā wawe, i te wā e māmā ana te rongoā.