He aha te Craniotomy? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe & te Whakaora

Ko te craniotomy he hātepe pokanga e tangohia ai e te tākuta he wāhanga o tō angaanga kia uru atu ki tō roro. Mā tēnei whakatuwheratanga ka taea e ngā tākuta te rongoā i ngā momo āhuatanga roro i te wā e noho haumaru ana te kiko e tata ana.

Whakaarohia me te whakatuwhera i tētahi matapihi kia tae atu ki tētahi mea kei roto, ka katia anō. Ko te wāhanga wheua e tangohia ana ka kiia he pūwāhi wheua, ā, ka whakahokia ki tōna wāhi i te mutunga o te pokanga.

He aha te craniotomy?

Ko te craniotomy he pokanga roro e uru ana ki te hanga i tētahi whakatuwheratanga i tō angaanga. Nō te kupu "cranium" (angaanga) me te "tomy" (tapahi), engari he tino tika ake i te mea e rangona ana.

I te wā o tēnei hātepe, ka hangaia e tō neurosurgeon tētahi matapihi rangitahi i roto i tō wheua angaanga. Mā tēnei ka uru tika atu rātou ki tō kiko roro, ngā oko toto, ētahi atu hanganga rānei e hiahia ana ki te rongoā. Ko te wāhanga wheua i tangohia ka tiakina āta, ā, ka whakahokia i te mutunga o te mahi.

Ka mahia tēnei momo pokanga i roto i tētahi taiao tino whakahaere me ngā taputapu motuhake. Kei roto i tō rōpū pokanga ngā neurosurgeons, anesthesiologists, me ngā nēhi kua whakangungua motuhake e mahi ngātahi ana kia whakarite i tō haumaru i te wā o te hātepe.

He aha te take e mahia ai te craniotomy?

Ka mahia te craniotomy hei rongoā i ngā momo āhuatanga roro e kore e taea te rongoā mā ngā tikanga iti ake te hōkai. Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i tēnei pokanga i te wā kāore anō ētahi atu rongoā i whai hua, i te wā e tika ana te uru tonu atu ki tō roro.

Ko ngā take tino noa ko te tango i ngā puku roro, te hunga mate pukupuku me te hunga kāore i te mate pukupuku. Ka pēhi pea ēnei tipu ki te kiko roro hauora me te pā mai i ngā tohumate pēnei i te ānini, te hopu, te huringa rānei i te whakaaro me te whanonga.

Koinei ngā āhuatanga matua e hiahia ana ki te craniotomy:

• Ngā puku roro (pai, kino rānei)
• Ngā aneurysms roro kua pakaru, kei te tūpono rānei ka pakaru
• Ngā arteriovenous malformations (ngā hononga oko toto kōaro)
• Ngā wharanga nui ki te upoko me te toto, te pūhi rānei
• Ngā kōpuku toto e pēhi ana i te roro
• Te mate roro e kore e aro ki te rongoā
• Ngā mate pāwera roro, ngā puku roro rānei
• Ētahi hē whānau e pā ana ki te roro

I te nuinga o te wā, ka hiahiatia pea te craniotomy mō te whakanoho i te pūrere whakaohooho roro hōhonu, mō te tango rānei i ngā mea ke i ngā wharanga roro. Ka āta whakatau te tākuta roro i ngā painga me ngā tūponotanga i mua i te tūtohu i tēnei tikanga.

He aha te tikanga mō te craniotomy?

Ko te tikanga craniotomy te tikanga e hia hāora ana, ka mahia i raro i te rongoā whānui. Heoi anō, i ētahi wā, ka noho mātau koe i ētahi wā o te pokanga kia taea e ngā tākuta te aroturuki i te mahi o tō roro i te wā tūturu.

Ka whakatakotoria koe e tō rōpū pokanga ki te tēpu pokanga, ka mau tō upoko kia kore ai e neke. Ka horoia, ka whakakorehia te wāhi e mahia ai te tapahi kia kore ai e pā te mate.

Koinei ngā mea e pā ana i ngā mahi matua o te tikanga:

1. Ka hanga e te tākuta he tapahi ki tō kiri māhunga, te tikanga ka whai i ngā rārangi kiri tūturu hei whakaiti i te mōrearea o te kiko
2. Ka tōia mārire te kiri māhunga ki muri kia kitea te kōiwi angaanga i raro
3. Ka keri ngā rua iti ki roto i te angaanga, ā, ka tapahi tētahi kani motuhake i waenga i ēnei rua hei hanga i te pūwhera kōiwi
4. Ka tangohia te pūwhera kōiwi, ka whakatakotoria ki te wāhi haumaru, i roto i te wai horoi
5. Ka whakatuwherahia te kiri whakamarumaru e hipoki ana i te roro (dura mater) kia uru atu ki te kiko roro
6. Ka mahia te pokanga roro e tika ana, ahakoa te tango i te puku, te whakatika i ngā oko toto, te rongoā rānei i ētahi atu āhuatanga
7. Ka katia te dura mater ki ngā tūāwhi iti
8. Ka whakatakotoria te pūwhera kōiwi ki tōna wāhi me ngā pereti rino iti me ngā tīwiri
9. Ka katia te kiri māhunga ki ngā tūāwhi, ki ngā tūāwhi rānei

I roto i te katoa o te mahi, ka aroturukihia tonu ō tohu nui. Ka whakamahi te rōpū tākuta i ngā pūnaha whakaahua me te whakatere matatau hei whakarite i te tika me te haumaru.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō craniotomy?

Ko te whakarite mō te craniotomy e whai ana i ētahi mahi nui hei āwhina i te hua pai rawa atu. Mā te rōpū tākuta koe e ārahi i ia whakaritenga, engari mā te māramatanga ki ngā mea e tūmanakohia ana ka āwhina i te whakaiti i tō āwangawanga.

Me whakamutu koe i te tango i ētahi rongoā i mua i te pokanga, ina koa ngā rongoā whakaheke toto pēnei i te aspirin, i te warfarin rānei. Ka taea e ēnei te whakanui i te mōrearea o te toto i te wā o te mahi. Mā tō tākuta koe e kōrero mō te wā tika hei whakamutu i ia rongoā.

Ko tō wā whakarite te tikanga e whai ana i ēnei mahi matua:

• Ngā whakamātautau i mua i te pokanga, tae atu ki ngā mahi toto, ngā hihi-X o te uma, me ētahi atu karapa roro i ētahi wā
• Whakatau ki tō tākuta rongoā hei kōrero mō tō hītori hauora me ō āwangawanga
• Whakaritea tētahi tangata hei taraiwa i a koe ki te kāinga, me te noho tahi i a koe mō ngā rā tuatahi i muri i te pokanga
• Kati te kai me te inu i muri i te pō waenganui i mua i tō rā pokanga
• Kaukau ki te hopi patu huakita motuhake i tukuna e tō rōpū pokanga
• Tangohia ngā whakapaipai katoa, te whakapaipai, te peita whao, me ngā taputapu makawe
• Mau i ngā kākahu pai, ngā kākahu whānui e ngāwari ana te tango

Mēnā he makawe rōroa ōna, tērā pea ka hiahia tō rōpū pokanga ki te heu i tētahi wāhanga o tō upoko. Ka mahia tēnei hei pupuri i tētahi wāhi pokanga kore huakita me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te mate. Ka tupu anō ō makawe, ahakoa tērā pea ka roa te maha o ngā marama.

He mea nui hoki te whakarite i tō taiao kāinga mō te whakaora. Ka hiahia koe ki tētahi wāhi marino, pai hoki e taea ai e koe te okioki me te kore e nui rawa te whakaihiihi mai i te mārama, te haruru rānei.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua craniotomy?

Ko te māramatanga ki ō hua craniotomy e whai wāhi ana ki te titiro ki te putanga pokanga tonu me ngā kitenga wā-roa. Ka whakamārama tō tākuta roro i te mea i tutuki i te wā o te tikanga me te mea e whakaatu ana ngā tauira kiko.

I muri tonu i te pokanga, ka arotake tō rōpū hauora i te pai o te haere o te tikanga. Ka titiro rātou ki te mea i tutuki te whāinga i whakaritea, pēnei i te tango katoa i te puku, i te whakatikatika angitu rānei i te aneurysm.

Mēnā i tangohia ngā kiko i te wā o tō pokanga, ka tukuna atu ki tētahi tohunga patu mō te whakamātau taipitopito. Ka roa pea tēnei tātaritanga i te maha o ngā rā ki te wiki, ā, ka āwhina ngā hua ki te whakatau mēnā e hiahiatia ana ētahi atu maimoatanga.

He wāhanga hoki tōna o tō "hua" te ahunga whakamua o tō whakaora. Ka aroturukihia e tō rōpū hauora tō mahi neurological, tae atu ki tō kaha ki te neke, te kōrero, me te whakaaro mārama. Ko te nuinga o te tangata ka pā ki ētahi huringa rangitahi i muri tonu i te pokanga, engari ka pai ake ēnei i te hekenga o te pūpū.

Ko ngā rangahau whakaahua whai muri, pēnei i te MRI, te CT rānei, ka whakaritea hei tirotiro i te pai o te rongoā o tō roro. Mā ēnei karapa e āwhina tō tākuta ki te kite mēnā he raruraru, me te angitu o te rongoā.

Me pēhea te whakanui i tō whakaora craniotomy?

Ko te whakaora mai i te craniotomy he tukanga haere haere e hiahia ana i te manawanui me te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō rōpū hauora. E hiahia ana tō roro i te wā ki te rongoā, ā, ko te tere i tēnei tukanga ka puta he raruraru.

Ko ngā rā tuatahi i muri i te pokanga he mea nui mō te rongoā tika. Tērā pea ka noho koe i te wāhi tiaki kaha i reira ka taea e ngā kaimahi hauora te aroturuki i tō mahi neurological me te titiro mō ngā tohu o ngā raruraru.

Ko ēnei ngā mahi nui hei tautoko i tō whakaora:

• Tangohia ngā rongoā kua whakaritea kia rite ki te tohutohu, tae atu ki ngā rongoā anti-seizure mēnā ka tūtohutia
• Kia teitei tō upoko i te takotoranga hei whakaiti i te pūpū
• Aukati i ngā mahi kaha, te hiki taumaha, te piko rānei mō te wā i tohua e tō tākuta pokanga
• Haere ki ngā hui whai muri me ngā wāhanga whakahou
• Kia mā me te maroke tō tapahi kia rite ki ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta pokanga
• Kai i ngā kai whai kiko me te noho wai hei tautoko i te rongoā
• Kia nui te okiokinga engari me whai wāhi hoki ki ngā mahi māmā i te whakaaetanga a tō tākuta
• Aukati i te waipiro me te kai paipa, ka raru pea i te rongoā

He pai te hunga ki ngā ratonga rongoā, tae atu ki te rongoā tinana, te rongoā mahi, te rongoā whaikōrero rānei. Ka āwhina ēnei ratonga i a koe ki te whakahoki mai i te kaha me ngā pūkenga i pā pea ki tō āhuatanga roro, ki te pokanga rānei.

Kia mahara, ka ora te katoa i runga i tō rātou ake tere. Ko ētahi tāngata ka hoki ki te noho noa i roto i ngā wiki, ko ētahi atu ka roa pea ngā marama kia ora katoa. He mea noa ngā ahuatanga e rua, ā, mā tō rōpū hauora koe e ārahi i te tukanga.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā raruraru craniotomy?

Ko ētahi āhuatanga ka whakanui i tō tūponotanga ki ngā raruraru i te wā, i muri rānei i te craniotomy. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga tūpono ka āwhina tō rōpū hauora ki te whai i ngā tūpato anō, ā, ka āwhina i a koe ki te mōhio ki ngā mea e tūmanakohia ana.

Ko te pakeke tētahi āhuatanga nui, nā te mea he nui ake pea te tūponotanga o ngā pakeke ki ngā raruraru nā ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora me ngā tukanga whakaora puhoi. Heoi anō, ko te pakeke anake e kore e ārai i tētahi tangata ki te whai pokanga craniotomy angitu.

He wāhi nui tō tō āhua hauora whānui ki te whakatau i tō taumata tūpono. Koinei ngā āhuatanga tūpono nui ka pā pea ki tō pokanga:

• Ngā pokanga roro o mua, ngā wharanga rānei ki te upoko
• Te mate ngākau, ngā raruraru rānei o te tohanga toto
• Te mate huka, ētahi atu raruraru rānei o te pākia
• Ngā mate toto, te tango rongoā whakaheke toto rānei
• Te mate tākihi, te mate ate rānei
• Te kai paipa, te inu waipiro nui rānei
• Te momomo, ka pā pea ki te rongoā whakamoe me te whakaora
• Ngā āhuatanga autoimmune e pā ana ki te whakaora

Ko te wāhi me te rahi o te wāhi roro e pokangia ana ka pā hoki ki te tūpono. Ko ngā pokanga i ngā wāhi e whakahaere ana i ngā mahi nui pēnei i te whaikōrero, te nekehanga, te manawa rānei, e hiahia ana ki te tika anō, ā, ka mau pea i ngā tūponotanga anō.

Ka āta arotake tō tākuta roro i ēnei āhuatanga katoa i mua i te tūtohu i te pokanga. Ka mahi rātou i a koe ki te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga me te whakanui i ō tūponotanga ki te hua angitu.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta i te craniotomy?

Ahakoa te nuinga he haumaru te craniotomy ina mahia e ngā tākuta roro mātanga, pērā i ētahi atu pokanga nui, he tūponotanga anō kei roto. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei raruraru ka āwhina koe ki te whakatau whakatau mōhio, me te mōhio ki ngā tohumate hei mātakitaki i te wā whakaora.

Ko te nuinga o te hunga e craniotomy ana, kāore he raruraru nui, engari he mea nui kia mōhio ki ngā mea ka pā. He maha ngā whakatūpato a tō rōpū pokanga hei whakaiti i ēnei tūponotanga.

Koinei ngā raruraru ka puta, mai i te mea e pā ana ki te mea onge:

• Te pūhihi i te taha o te roro (cerebral edema), e ngaro ana i te rongoā me te wā
• Te mate i te wāhi pokanga, i roto rānei i te kiko roro
• Te toto i roto, i te taha rānei o te roro
• Ngā pākia, ka puta pea ahakoa kāore anō koe i pākia
• Ngā pūhui toto i ngā waewae, i ngā pūkahukahu rānei
• Ngā huringa rangitahi, tuturu rānei i te mahi roro, tae atu ki ngā raruraru mahara, kōrero, nekehanga rānei
• Ngā urupare ki te rongoā whakamoe
• Te whiu i puta mai i te kino o ngā oko toto

Ko ētahi raruraru onge engari nui ko te herniation roro, i reira ka huri te kiko roro i te pūhihi, me te rerenga wai cerebrospinal tonu. He mea onge ēnei raruraru engari me āta rongoā tonu ina puta.

Ka āta mātakitaki tō rōpū hauora i a koe mō ngā tohu o ngā raruraru, ka wawaohanga wawe ina puta ngā raruraru. He maha ngā raruraru ka taea te rongoā pai mena ka kitea wawe, koinei te take he mea nui te whai i ngā tohutohu i muri i te pokanga.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta i muri i te craniotomy?

He mea nui te mōhio ki te wā hei whakapā atu ki tō rōpū hauora i muri i te craniotomy mō tō haumaru me te whakaora. Ahakoa he mea noa ētahi raruraru me ngā huringa i muri i te pokanga roro, me āta rongoā tonu ētahi tohumate.

Me whakapā atu koe ki tō tākuta i te wā tonu mēnā ka pā mai he mamae nui o te upoko kāore e pai ake i te rongoā mamae i whakaritea. Ahakoa ka tūpono he mamae upoko i muri i te craniotomy, ko te pōraru o te mamae ka tohu pea i ngā raruraru pēnei i te toto, i te pēhanga rānei o te roro.

Koinei ngā tohu whakatūpato e hiahia ana kia āwhina tonu i te rongoā:

• He mamae upoko ohorere, nui, he nui rawa atu te kino i tō mamae i muri i te pokanga
• Te whakapairuaki me te ruaki tonu
• He ngoikoretanga hou i ō ringa, i ō waewae rānei
• Te uaua ki te kōrero, ki te mārama rānei ki te kōrero
• Ngā pākia, ngā whiu rānei
• Te kirika nui (nui ake i te 101°F, i te 38.3°C rānei)
• Te moe nui, te uaua rānei ki te noho mataara
• He wai mā e rere ana i tō ihu, i te wāhi tapahi rānei
• Ngā tohu o te mate i tō tapahi, pēnei i te whero nui, te mahana, te pū rānei

Me whakapā atu anō koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā tohu kāore i te tino nui engari e pā ana, pēnei i te whanoke tonu, te huringa o te tirohanga, i ngā huringa rānei o te āhua e ahua rerekē ana mōu. Ko ēnei tohu pea e tohu ana i ngā raruraru e hiahia ana kia arotakengia.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te waea atu ki tō rōpū rongoā mēnā kāore koe i te mōhio mō ētahi tohu. He pai ake ki a rātou te arotake i a koe, me te kite he pai ngā mea katoa i te tatari roa ki te rapu āwhina mō tētahi raruraru nui.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te craniotomy

Q.1 He pai te craniotomy mō te rongoā puku roro?

Āe, ko te craniotomy te rongoā tino whai hua mō ngā puku roro. Ka taea e ngā tākuta te tango i ngā puku i te wā e tiaki ana i te nui o te kiko roro hauora. Mō te maha o ngā momo puku roro, ko te tango pokanga mā te craniotomy te mea pai rawa atu mō te rongoā, te whakahaere rānei i te wā roa.

Ko te angitu o te craniotomy mō ngā puku roro e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā mea pēnei i te wāhi o te puku, te rahi, me te momo. Ka taea te tango katoa i ētahi puku, i ētahi atu rānei me hiahia rongoā atu pēnei i te iraruke, i te rongoā matū rānei i muri i te pokanga.

Q.2 He kino tūturu te craniotomy ki te roro?

Kāore te nuinga o te tāngata e pā ana ki te kino tūturu ki te roro mai i te craniotomy i te wā e mahia ana te pokanga e ngā tākuta roro whai pūkenga. Heoi anō, he mōrearea tonu o ngā huringa wā poto, tūturu rānei i roto i te mahi o te roro, e ai ki te wāhi o te roro e pokangatia ana.

Ko te mōrearea o ngā pānga tūturu he iti iho i te mōrearea o te waiho i te āhua o te roro kāore i rongoatia. Māu e kōrero tahi ai tō tākuta roro i ēnei mōrearea motuhake i runga i tō āhuatanga ake.

Q.3 Kia pēhea te roa o te whakaora mai i te craniotomy?

He rerekē te wā whakaora i runga i te uaua o tō pokanga me tō hauora whānui. Ka taea e te nuinga o te tāngata te hoki ki ngā mahi māmā i roto i te 2-4 wiki, engari ka roa pea te whakaora katoa i ētahi marama.

Me karo pea koe i ngā mahi kaha mō te 6-8 wiki, ā, me hiahia pea ētahi tāngata ki ngā ratonga whakahou i ētahi pūkenga. Māu e whakarato ngā wā tika motuhake i runga i tō keehi ake.

Q.4 Ka oho au i te wā o te craniotomy?

Ko te nuinga o ngā craniotomies ka mahia i raro i te rongoā whānui, ko te tikanga ka kore koe e mōhio. Heoi anō, me whai craniotomy oho ētahi tikanga, kei te mōhio koe i te wā o te pokanga kia taea e ngā tākuta te whakamātau i te mahi roro i te wā tūturu.

Mēnā ka tūtohutia te craniotomy oho, ka whakamārama tō rōpū hauora he aha i tika ai, me te aha e tūmanakohia ana. Ka mahia te whakatuwheratanga o te angaanga i te wā e whakangāwarihia ana koe, nā reira kāore koe e pōuri i te wā o te tikanga.

Q.5 Ka taea e au te noho i te ora noa i muri i te craniotomy?

He maha ngā tāngata e hoki ana ki te ora noa i muri i te craniotomy, i te wā e hiahia ana ētahi ki te whakarereke. E ai ki te take o te pokanga, te wāhi o te mahi, me te pai o tō whakaora.

He pai ake pea te āhua o ētahi tāngata i muri i te pokanga, ina koa kua angitu te rongoā i ngā mate pēnei i te puku roro, i te hopu rānei. Ka mahi tahi tō rōpū hauora me koe kia whakanuia tō whakaora, ā, kia whai koe i te kounga o te oranga e pai ana.