He aha te whakamātautau Hemoglobin? Te Whāinga, Ngā Taumata, Te Tikanga & Ngā Hua

He whakamātautau hemoglobin e ine ana i te nui o te hemoglobin i roto i ō toto. Ko te Hemoglobin he pūmua kei roto i ō pūtau toto whero e kawe ana i te hāora mai i ō pūkahukahu ki te toenga o tō tinana. Mā tēnei whakamātautau toto māmā e āwhina tō tākuta ki te mārama ki te pai o te kawe hāora o ō toto, me te mōhiotanga kei a koe ētahi āhuatanga pērā i te anemia, ētahi atu mate toto rānei.

He aha te whakamātautau hemoglobin?

Ko te whakamātautau hemoglobin he whakamātautau toto tika e ine ana i te nui o te pūmua hemoglobin kei roto i ō toto. Whakaarohia te hemoglobin hei taraka tuku iti i roto i ō toto e tiki ana i te hāora mai i ō pūkahukahu, ka tuku atu ki hea e tino hiahiatia ana e tō tinana.

Kua kikī ō pūtau toto whero i tēnei pūmua whai rino, koinei te mea e whero ai ō toto. Ki te nui te hemoglobin, ka nui te hāora e whiwhi ana tō tinana hei mahi tika. Ki te iti rawa, ki te nui rawa rānei ō taumata, ka tohu pea i ētahi āhuatanga hauora rerekē ka taea e tō tākuta te āwhina.

He wāhanga tonu tēnei whakamātautau o te tatau toto katoa, ko te tikanga he maha ngā wā e tirotirohia ana i ngā arotake hauora. Ko te rongo pai he tere, he iti te mamae, ā, e whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio nui mō tō hauora whānui.

He aha te take e mahia ana te whakamātautau hemoglobin?

Ka tono pea tō tākuta i tētahi whakamātautau hemoglobin hei tirotiro mō te anemia, e pā ana ki te kore ō pūtau toto whero hauora. Koinei tētahi o ngā take tino nui mō te whakamātautau, ina koa kei te ngenge rānei koe, kei te ngoikore rānei.

Ka āwhina hoki te whakamātautau ki te aroturuki i ngā mate toto pērā i te mate pūtau kokopi, i te thalassemia rānei. Ki te whai hītori whānau koe mō ēnei āhuatanga, ka tirotiro pea tō tākuta i ō taumata hemoglobin i ngā wā katoa kia kitea ai ngā huringa i te wā wawe.

I ētahi wā ka mahia te whakamātautau i mua i te pokanga kia mōhio ai kei te kaha tō toto ki te kawe i te hāora i te wā o te mahi. Ka whakamahia hoki hei aroturuki i te pai o te mahi o ngā rongoā mō ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te toto.

Anei ētahi āhuatanga ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i tēnei whakamātautau:

• Kei te pā tō tinana i ngā tohumate pēnei i te ngenge, te ngoikore, te poto o te manawa rānei
• He nui te toto e puta ana i ō wāhine, ētahi atu puna rānei o te ngaronga toto
• Kei te arotakengia koe mō te anemia, ētahi atu raruraru toto rānei
• Kei te whakarite koe mō te pokanga
• Kei te aroturuki koe i te rongoā mō ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te toto
• E hapū ana koe, ā, e hiahia ana koe ki te aroturuki toto i ngā wā katoa
• He āhuatanga mau tonu tōu e pā ana ki tō toto

Ka āwhina te whakamātautau i tō rōpū hauora ki te mārama ki ngā mea e pā ana ki tō tinana, ā, ka ārahi i a rātou ki ngā kōwhiringa rongoā pai mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

He aha te tikanga mō te whakamātautau hemoglobin?

He māmā te tikanga whakamātautau hemoglobin, ā, he torutoru noa ngā meneti ka pau. Ka tango tētahi tohunga hauora i tētahi tauira toto iti mai i te uaua i tō ringa mā te whakamahi i tētahi ngira angiangi.

Tuatahi, ka horoia e rātou te wāhi ki te horoi paturopi hei ārai i te mate. Muri iho, ka herea e rātou tētahi rīpene ki tō ringa o runga kia kitea ngā uaua, kia māmā hoki te uru atu. Ka pākia pea tētahi mamae iti i te wā e kuhu ana te ngira, engari he maha ngā tāngata e whakaae ana.

He iti iho i te meneti te tango toto. Kia nui te toto i roto i te ngongo kohikohi, ka tangohia e rātou te ngira, ā, ka pēhia te wāhi ki te pōro miro, ki te takai rānei. Ka taea e koe te haere tonu i ō mahi noa tonu.

I ētahi wā, ina koa mō ngā pēpi, ngā tamariki rānei, ka kohia te toto mai i te maihao, kaua mai i te uaua. Ka whakamahia e tēnei tikanga tētahi rāneti iti hei wero i te maihao, ā, ka kohia ētahi topata toto.

Ka tukuna te tauira toto ki te taiwhanga, ka tātarihia e ngā tūtohu mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu motuhake e taea ana te ine tika i ō taumata hemoglobin. Ko te tikanga ka wātea ngā hua i roto i te rā, e rua rānei.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakamātautau hemoglobin?

Ko te rongo pai, kāore koe e hiahia ki te whakarite motuhake mō te whakamātautau hemoglobin. Ka taea e koe te kai me te inu i mua i te whakamātautau, ā, kāore koe e hiahia ki te nohopuku, ki te karo rānei i ētahi kai motuhake.

Heoi, he pai ki te mau i ngā kākahu he rākau e taea ana te huri ake, te pana rānei ki te taha. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te uru atu o te tohunga hauora ki tō ringa mō te tango toto.

Mēnā kei te tango koe i ētahi rongoā, me haere tonu te tango i aua rongoā i te mea kua whakaritea, ki te kore te tākuta e kī atu ki a koe. Kāore te nuinga o ngā rongoā e pā ana ki ngā hua whakamātautau hemoglobin, engari he pai tonu te whakamōhio atu ki tō rōpū hauora mō ngā mea e tango ana koe.

E kite ana ētahi tāngata he pai ki te inu i te wai nui i mua i te whakamātautau, i te mea ka māmā ake te kimi i ō uaua mā te pai te wai. Mēnā e māharahara ana koe mō ngira, kaua e whakaroa ki te kōrero atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i te wheako kia pai ake mōu.

Me pēhea te pānui i tō whakamātautau hemoglobin?

Ka inea ngā taumata hemoglobin i roto i ngā karamu mō ia deciliter toto, ka kite koe i tēnei e tuhia ana ko g/dL i runga i ō hua whakamātautau. He rerekē ngā awhe noa i runga i tō tau, tō ira tangata, me te taiwhanga e tukatuka ana i tō whakamātautau.

Mō ngā wāhine pakeke, ko ngā taumata hemoglobin noa te tikanga mai i te 12.0 ki te 15.5 g/dL. Mō ngā tāne pakeke, ko te awhe noa ko te 13.5 ki te 17.5 g/dL. He rerekē ngā awhe noa o ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi e huri ana i a rātou e tipu ana.

Mēnā ka taka ō hua ki raro i te awhe noa, tērā pea e tohu ana i te anemia. Ko te hemoglobin iti te tikanga kāore tō toto e kawe ana i te hāora nui e tika ana, e whakamārama ana i ngā tohumate pēnei i te ngenge me te ngoikore.

Ka tohu pea ngā taumata teitei ake i te tikanga i ētahi wā i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te polycythemia, i te wā e hanga ana tō tinana i te nui rawa o ngā pūtau toto whero. Mā tēnei ka mātotoru ake ai tō toto, ā, ka raru pea te rerenga.

Ka whakamāori tonu tō tākuta i ō hua i roto i te horopaki o tō hauora whānui, ngā tohumate, me ētahi atu hua whakamātautau. Ko te hua kotahi kāore i te tikanga kāore pea he āhuatanga nui tōna, ā, mā tō kaiwhakarato hauora koe e ārahi i te tikanga o ngā tau mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Me pēhea te whakatika i tō taumata hemoglobin?

Mēnā he iti ngā taumata hemoglobin, ka whakawhirinaki te rongoā ki te take o te raru. Ka mahi tō tākuta ki a koe ki te whakatika i te take i raro iho i te wā e āwhina ana ki te whakanui i ō taumata hemoglobin.

Mō te anemia ngoikore-rino, koinei te take tino noa o te hemoglobin iti, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ngā taapiri rino me te kai i ngā kai whai-rino. Ko ngā kai pēnei i te mīti hiroki, te pīni, te pūrakau, me ngā pata whai-taapiri ka āwhina i te whakanui i ō taumata rino i te tikanga.

Mēnā he wā roa tō wāhine e paheke ana, e ngaro ana te rino, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ngā rongoā hei whakahaere i te toto. Mō ētahi atu take o te anemia, pēnei i ngā mate tawhito, i ngā ngoikoretanga huaora rānei, ka arotahi te rongoā ki te whakatika i aua āhuatanga motuhake.

Anei ētahi huarahi ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta mō te hemoglobin iti:

• Ngā taapiri rino e tangohia ana me te huaora C hei whakapai ake i te urunga
• Ngā huringa kai hei whakauru i ētahi atu kai whai-rino
• Rongoā mō ngā āhuatanga i raro iho e pā ana ki te ngaronga toto
• Ngā taapiri huaora B12, folate rānei mēnā he ngoikore aua mea
• Ngā rongoā hei whakahihiri i te hanga pūtau toto whero i ētahi wā
• Ngā whakawhitinga toto mō te anemia nui

Mō ngā taumata hemoglobin tiketike, ka uru pea te rongoā ki te whakatika i ngā āhuatanga kei raro iho rānei, i ngā āhuatanga noho rānei e piki ai te taumata. Ka hangaia e tō tākuta tētahi mahere whaiaro i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake me te hauora whānui.

He aha te taumata hemoglobin pai rawa atu?

Ko te taumata hemoglobin pai rawa atu mōu kei roto i te awhe noa mō tō tau me tō ira tangata. Kāore he tau tino pai e pai ana mō te katoa, nā te mea ka pā te hunga takitahi ki te mea e pai ana mō tō tinana.

Mō te nuinga o ngā pakeke, he pai te whai i ngā taumata hemoglobin i waenganui o te awhe noa. Ko te tikanga ka taea e tō toto te kawe hāora i te pai me te kore e matotoru rawa, e angiangi rawa rānei. Ka mau tonu tō tinana i tēnei taurite i te wā e pai ana ngā mea katoa.

Ka pai pea te mahi a ētahi tāngata i te pito o raro o te awhe noa, i te wā e pai ake ana ētahi atu ki te pito o runga. Ka whakaarohia e tō tākuta tō hītori hauora takitahi, ngā tohu, me te noho i te wā e whakatau ana i te taumata pai mōu.

Ka whai pea ngā tākaro me ngā tāngata e noho ana i ngā teitei tiketike i ngā taumata hemoglobin paku tiketike i te mea ka urutau ō rātou tinana ki te piki ake o te hiahia hāora. He mea noa tēnei, he hauora hoki mō ō rātou āhuatanga.

Ko te mea nui ko te pupuri i ngā taumata pūmau i roto i te awhe noa, kaua ki te ngana ki te whakatutuki i tētahi tau motuhake. Mā tō kaiwhakarato hauora koe e āwhina ki te mārama ki te awhe whāinga e tika ana mō tō āhuatanga takitahi.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō te hemoglobin iti?

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka piki ake te tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i ngā taumata hemoglobin iti. Mā te mārama ki ēnei āhuatanga tūpono ka āwhina i a koe me tō tākuta ki te aroturuki i ō taumata i te tata atu, me te mahi i ngā mahi aukati i te wā e taea ana.

He nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine nā te ngaronga toto i te wā o te paheketanga, ina koa ko te hunga e kaha ana te paheketanga. Ka piki ake hoki te tūponotanga o te hapū nā te mea e hiahia ana tō tinana i te rino anō hei tautoko i a koe me tō pēpi e tipu ana.

He mea nui te kai mō te taumata hemoglobin. Ko ngā tāngata e whai ana i ngā kai huawhenua, vegan rānei, tērā pea he iti te rino e kai ana, engari ka taea te whakahaere i tēnei mā te whakamahere kai me te tāpiri kai ina hiahiatia.

Koinei ngā āhuatanga tūpono nui ka hua ai te iti o te hemoglobin:

• Ngā wā hē mō te wahine, te nui rānei o te toto e ngaro ana
• Te hapū me te whāngai u
• Te iti o te rino i roto i te kai, ngā raruraru rānei mō te mimiti
• Te mate tākihi roa, ētahi atu mate roa rānei
• Te mate puku mumura, te mate celiac rānei
• Te maha o ngā tākoha toto
• Te hītori o te whānau mō ngā mate toto tuku iho
• Ētahi rongoā e pā ana ki te mimiti o te rino
• Te pokanga puku, te toto rānei i roto i te puku

He mea nui hoki te pakeke, i te mea he nui ake te tūpono o ngā pakeke ki te whai i ngā mate roa e pā ana ki te hanga hemoglobin. I tua atu, he āhuatanga ira tō ētahi tāngata e kaha ake ai te anemia mai i te whānautanga.

He pai ake te nui, te iti rānei o te hemoglobin?

Kāore te nui, te iti rānei o te hemoglobin e pai ake ana i tētahi atu ina taka ana ki waho o te awhe noa. Ko te āhuatanga hauora ko te whai i ngā taumata hemoglobin e taka ana ki roto i te awhe noa mō tō tau me tō ira.

Ko te iti o te hemoglobin te tikanga kāore e taea e tō toto te kawe i te hāora nui hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o tō tinana. Mā tēnei ka ngenge koe, ka ngoikore, ka poto te manawa i ngā mahi noa. Tērā pea me kaha ake tō ngākau ki te pōmpu i te toto rawakore hāora puta noa i tō tinana.

He raruraru hoki te nui o te hemoglobin, i te mea ka matotoru ake tō toto, ka uaua ake te pōmpu a tō ngākau. Mā tēnei ka piki ake te tūpono o te toto toto, te whiu, me ngā raruraru ngākau. Tērā pea kāore e pai te mahi o tō rerenga toto ina matotoru rawa tō toto.

Ko te whāinga kia mau tonu ngā taumata hemoglobin i te wāhi pai, i te wā e taea ai e tō toto te kawe hāora whai hua me te kore e matotoru rawa, e angiangi rawa rānei. Mā tēnei ka taea e tō tinana te mahi pai, ā, ka āwhina i te aukati i ngā raruraru e pā ana ki ngā taumata tiketike me ngā taumata iti.

Ka āwhina tō tākuta i a koe ki te mārama ki te take i ngā taumata rerekē, ā, ka mahi tahi me koe ki te whakahoki mai i a rātou ki te awhe hauora mā te rongoā tika.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te hemoglobin iti?

Ka taea e te hemoglobin iti te arahi ki ētahi raruraru mēnā ka waiho kia kore e rongoatia, ahakoa te nuinga ka taea te ārai, te whakahaere rānei mā te manaaki hauora tika. Ko te kaha o ngā raruraru e whakawhirinaki ana ki te iti o ō taumata me te tere o te whanaketanga o te āhuatanga.

Ko ngā raruraru o te ngākau kei roto i ngā raruraru tino mōrearea o te anemia kaha. Ki te kore e taea e tō toto te kawe i te nui o te hāora, ka kaha ake te mahi a tō ngākau ki te pōmpu i te hāora iti e wātea ana puta noa i tō tinana. I te roanga o te wā, ka taea e tēnei pēhanga anō te arahi ki ngā raruraru o te manawataki o te ngākau, ki te kore rānei, te ngoikore o te ngākau.

Ka puta ngā raruraru o te hapūtanga i te wā e heke rawa ana ngā taumata hemoglobin i te wā o te hapūtanga. Ka pā tēnei ki te whaea me te pēpi, ka arahi pea ki te whānautanga o mua, te iti o te taumaha whānau, te piki rānei o te tūponotanga o ngā mate.

Koinei ngā raruraru matua ka puta mai i te hemoglobin iti kāore i rongoatia:

• Te ngenge nui e pā ana ki ngā mahi o ia rā
• Ngā rerekētanga o te manawataki o te ngākau, te ngākau rānei kua whānui
• Te piki o te tūponotanga o ngā mate nā te pūnaha ārai mate ngoikore
• Ngā raruraru o te hapūtanga tae atu ki te whānautanga o mua
• Te pōturi o te tipu me te whanaketanga i roto i ngā tamariki
• Te mate waewae korekore me ngā raruraru moe
• Ngā raruraru hinengaro tae atu ki te uaua ki te arotahi
• Te piki o te tūponotanga o te hinga nā te ngoikore me te whanoke

Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o enei raruraru ka taea te aukati me te rongoa tika. Ko te kitenga wawe me te whakahaere i te hemoglobin iti ka awhina i a koe ki te karo i enei raruraru nui me te pupuri i to kounga o te oranga.

He aha nga raruraru ka puta mai i te hemoglobin tiketike?

Ko nga taumata hemoglobin tiketike ka puta he raruraru e pa ana ki te matotoru o te toto me nga raruraru tohanga. Ka matotoru rawa to toto, kare e rere maeneene ana i roto i ou oko toto, ka kaha te mahi o to punaha ngakau.

Ko nga toto toto tetahi o nga raruraru tino nui ka puta mai i te hemoglobin tiketike. He nui ake te tupono o te toto matotoru ki te pupuhi i te wa e kore e tika ana, ka aukati i te rere o te toto ki nga okana nui penei i to roro, ngakau, me nga ngutu.

Ka piki ake nga tupono o te whiu me te whakaeke ngakau ka nui te piki o nga taumata hemoglobin. Ko te toto matotoru ka uaua ake te mahi a to ngakau, a ka aukati nga toto i nga oko toto nui.

Anei nga raruraru matua e pa ana ki nga taumata hemoglobin tiketike:

• Te piki ake o te tupono o te toto toto i roto i nga uaua me nga uaua
• Te whiu na te aukati i te rere o te toto ki te roro
• Te whakaeke ngakau mai i nga uaua coronary kua aukatia
• Te pulmonary embolism mai i nga toto e haere ana ki nga ngutu
• Te toto toto tiketike mai i te pikinga o te viscosity toto
• Te whakanui i te kiko mai i te kaha ki te tukatuka i nga pūtau toto
• Nga raruraru tirohanga mai i te ngoikore o te tohanga ki nga kanohi
• Te mamae o te mahunga me te whanoke mai i nga take tohanga

He nui ake te tupono o enei raruraru ka puta mai i te wa e tino piki ana nga taumata hemoglobin, kaua ki te paku noa i runga ake i te tikanga. Ka aroturukihia e to taakuta o taumata me te taunaki i te rongoa hei aukati i enei raruraru nui kia puta.

Ahea ahau me kite i te taakuta mo te whakamatautau hemoglobin?

Me toro koe ki te tākuta mō te whakamātautau hemoglobin mēnā kei te pā koe i ngā tohu e tohu ana i te anemia, i ētahi atu mate toto rānei. Ko te ngenge tonu e kore e pai ake i te okiokinga tētahi o ngā tohu tino noa e hiahia ana kia tirohia ō taumata hemoglobin.

Ko te poto o te manawa i ngā mahi noa, te āhua rānei o te manawa i te piki i ngā arawhata, ka tohu hoki i ngā taumata hemoglobin iti. Mēnā ka kite koe i ēnei tohu e pōturi ana te whanake, e kaha haere ana rānei, he pai ki te tirohia ō taumata.

Ko ngā huringa i tō āhua ka tohu hoki i ngā raruraru hemoglobin. Ko te kiri pāwera, ina koa i ō moenga whao, ngā kamo o roto, ngā kapia rānei, ka tohu pea i ngā taumata hemoglobin iti.

Anei ngā āhuatanga motuhake me whakaaro koe ki te toro ki te tākuta mō te whakamātautau hemoglobin:

• Te ngenge tonu e whakararu ana i āu mahi o ia rā
• Te poto o te manawa, te āhua rānei o te manawa
• Te kiri pāwera, ngā moenga whao, ngā kamo o roto rānei
• Te tere, te ngāwari rānei o te ngākau
• Ngā ringa me ngā waewae makariri e ahua rerekē ana mō koe
• Ngā hiahia rerekē mō te huka, te māngaro, ngā mea rānei ehara i te kai
• Ngā wā hē mō te wāhine, ētahi atu puna toto rānei
• Te hītori o te whānau mō ngā mate toto
• Ngā āhuatanga mau tonu e pā ana ki tō toto

Kaua e tatari kia kaha rawa ngā tohu i mua i te rapu āwhina hauora. Ko te kitenga wawe me te rongoā i ngā raruraru hemoglobin ka ārai i ngā raruraru, ka āwhina i a koe kia pai ake ai.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te whakamātautau hemoglobin

Q.1 He pai te whakamātautau hemoglobin mō te kite i te anemia?

Āe, he pai te whakamātautau hemoglobin mō te kite i te anemia, ā, koinei te whakamātautau tuatahi e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta mō te whakapae i tēnei āhuatanga. Ko te anemia te tikanga he taumata hemoglobin kei raro i te awhe noa mō tō tau me tō ira.

Ka taea e tēnei whakamātautau te kite i ngā momo anemia katoa, tae atu ki te anemia ngoikore rino, te momo tino noa. Heoi, ka tono pea tō tākuta i ētahi atu whakamātautau hei whakatau i te take o tō anemia me te whakawhanake i te mahere maimoatanga pai rawa atu mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Q.2 Ka ngaro makawe i te hemoglobin iti?

Ka taea e te hemoglobin iti te whai wāhi ki te ngaro makawe, ahakoa ehara i te take anake. Ki te kore tō tinana e nui te hāora i te hemoglobin iti, ka whakanui i te tuku hāora ki ngā okana nui pēnei i tō ngākau me tō roro.

Kāore ngā pūtau makawe e whakaarohia he mea nui mō te oranga, nō reira kāore pea e whiwhi hāora me ngā matūkai e tika ana i te wā e iti ana te taumata hemoglobin. Ka taea e tēnei te whakapōturi i ngā makawe, te pakarukaru, te taka atu rānei i te tikanga. Ko te rongo pai ko te ngaro makawe mai i te hemoglobin iti ka taea te whakahoki mai i te wā ka hoki mai ō taumata ki te tikanga.

Q.3 Ka pā te wai kore ki ngā hua whakamātautau hemoglobin?

Āe, ka pā te wai kore ki ngā hua whakamātautau hemoglobin mā te whakaputa i ō taumata kia teitei ake i te mea pono. Ki te kore koe e nui te wai, ka kaha ake tō toto i te mea he iti ake te wai i roto i tō rerenga toto.

Ka taea e tēnei pānga ki te whakapiki i ō taumata hemoglobin ahakoa he tikanga noa te tatau pūtau toto whero. Koia te take he mea nui kia nui te wai i mua i tō whakamātautau, ahakoa kāore koe e hiahia ki te inu i te nui rawa o te wai.

Q.4 Kia pēhea te auau o taku whakamātautau hemoglobin?

E hia te auau o tō whakamātautau hemoglobin e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō āhuatanga hauora me ngā āhuatanga tūpono. Mō ngā pakeke hauora kāore he āhuatanga tūpono, ka tirohia te hemoglobin i ngā whakamātautau tinana ā-tau hei wāhanga o te tatau toto katoa.

Mēnā he āhuatanga tōu e pā ana ki ō taumata hemoglobin, pēnei i te mate tākihi tawhito, i ngā wā hē mō te wahine, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia maha ake ngā whakamātautau. Ko ngā wahine hapū te nuinga ka tirohia ō rātou hemoglobin i ngā wā maha i te wā e hapū ana kia mātakitaki mō te anemia.

Q.5 Ka pānga te whakakori tinana ki ngā taumata hemoglobin?

Ka pā pai te whakakori tinana i ngā wā katoa ki ō taumata hemoglobin i te roanga o te wā mā te whakapai ake i tō hauora ngākau me te whai huanga o te hāora. He maha ngā kaitākaro he paku teitei ake ngā taumata hemoglobin i te mea ka urutau ō rātou tinana ki te piki ake o te hiahia hāora.

Heoi, ko te whakakori tinana kaha i mua tonu i tō whakamātautau ka pānga tōmua ki ō hua i te mea ka huri te kukū o te toto mai i ngā huringa wai. Mō ngā hua tino tika, he pai ki te karo i te whakakori tinana kaha mō ētahi haora i mua i tō whakamātautau toto.