He aha te koiora whatukuhu? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe me ngā Hua

Ko te koiora whatukuhu he tikanga rongoā e tango ai tō tākuta i tētahi wāhanga iti o te kiko whatukuhu hei tirotiro mā te karu whakanui. Mā tēnei tauira iti e āwhina ngā tākuta ki te tātai i ngā mate whatukuhu me te whakatau i te mahere maimoatanga pai mōu. Whakaarohia me te mea kei te titiro taipitopito koe ki ngā mea e pā ana ki roto i tō whatukuhu i te wā e kore ai e taea e ngā whakamātautau toto me te whakaahua te kōrero katoa.

He aha te koiora whatukuhu?

Ko te koiora whatukuhu e whai ana i te tango i tētahi tauira kiko iti mai i tō whatukuhu mā te whakamahi i te ngira angiangi. Ka mahia te tikanga e tētahi tohunga e kīia ana he nephrologist, he radiologist rānei e whakamahi ana i te ārahi whakaahua kia tae pai ki te whatukuhu. Ka tukuna tēnei tauira kiko ki te taiwhanga e tirotiro pū ana e ngā tohunga kia kitea he mate, he kino rānei.

He iti rawa te tauira tonu, tata ki te rahi o te pito pene, engari kei roto ngā mano o ngā hanganga iti e whakaatu ana i ngā kōrero nui mō te hauora o tō whatukuhu. Ka haere tonu te mahi a tō whatukuhu i muri i te koiora i te mea he iti noa te nui o te kiko e tangohia ana.

He aha te take e mahia ai te koiora whatukuhu?

Ka tūtohu tō tākuta i te koiora whatukuhu i te wā e hiahia ana rātou i ngā kōrero taipitopito mō ngā mea e pā ana ki ō whatukuhu. Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau toto me ngā whakamātautau mimi te whakaatu kāore tētahi mea i te tika, engari kāore e taea e rātou te tohu i te raruraru tika, te nui rānei o te raruraru.

Koinei ngā take nui e hiahia ana koe ki tēnei tikanga. He maha ngā wā ka pūmautia ēnei āhuatanga, ā, ka āta aroturukihia e tō tākuta te mahi a tō whatukuhu i mua i te tūtohu i te koiora:

• Te toto, te pūmua rānei e puta ana i tō mimi me te kore he take mārama
• Te heke o te mahi tākihi e kore e tatari, e tere ana rānei
• Te whakapae glomerulonephritis (te mumura o ngā tātari tākihi)
• Te pūhi kore mārama i ō waewae, i tō mata, i tō puku rānei
• Te toto tiketike e uaua ana ki te whakahaere
• Te aroturuki i te whakakore i muri i te whakawhitinga tākihi
• Te whakatau i te whānuitanga o te kino o te tākihi mai i ngā mate pēnei i te lupus, te mate huka rānei

Ka tūtohu tō tākuta i te koiora mena ka huri ngā hua i tō mahere maimoatanga. Mā te mōhiohio ka riro mai e āwhina ana i a rātou ki te whiriwhiri i ngā rongoā whai hua rawa atu me te aroturuki i te pai o te mahi o ngā maimoatanga.

He aha te tikanga mō te koiora tākihi?

Ko te tikanga koiora tākihi te nuinga ka roa te 30 ki te 60 meneti, ā, ko te nuinga ka mahia hei tikanga tūroro waho. Ka oho koe i te wā o te tikanga, engari ka whiwhi koe i te rongoā ā-rohe hei whakapōkae i te wāhi, me te whakangāwari ngawari pea hei āwhina i a koe ki te okioki.

Anei te mea ka tupu i te wā o tō koiora, i te taahiraa i te taahiraa. Kua āta whakaritea ia wāhanga kia mōhio ai koe ki tō haumaru me tō whakamarie:

1. Ka takoto koe ki te taha o te mata ki runga i te tēpu whakamātau me te urunga i raro i tō uma
2. Ka horoi te tākuta, ka whakapōkae i te kiri i runga i tō tākihi me te rongoā ā-rohe
3. Mā te whakamahi i te ultrasound, i te whakaahua CT rānei, ka kitea e rātou te wāhi pai rawa atu hei whakauru i te ngira
4. Ka whakaurua he ngira koiora angiangi mā tō kiri, ki roto i te tākihi
5. Ka tonoa koe kia pupuri i tō manawa mō ētahi hēkona i te wā e tangohia ana te tauira
6. Ka tangohia tere te ngira, ā, ka pēhia hei ārai i te toto
7. I te nuinga o te wā, ka kohia ngā tauira iti e 2-3 hei whakarite i te kiko e tika ana

Ka rongo pea koe i te tangi pāwhiri i te wā e pupuhi ana te ngira koiora, he mea noa tēnei. Ko te nuinga o te tangata e whakaahua ana i te āhua he rite ki te kōpeke kaha, te pēhanga rānei, kaua ki te mamae koi.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō koiora tākihi?

Ko te whakarite mō tō pūtaiao tākihi e whai ana i ētahi mahi nui hei whakarite kia pai, kia haumaru hoki te mahi. Ka hoatu e tō rōpū hauora ngā tohutohu motuhake ki a koe i runga i tō āhuatanga hauora takitahi me ngā rongoā e inu ana koe.

Ka hoatu e tō tākuta ki a koe ngā tohutohu whakarite taipitopito, e whai ana i ēnei mahi nui:

• Kati te inu i ngā rongoā whakaheke toto pērā i te aspirin, warfarin, rānei NSAIDs mō te 7-10 rā i mua i te mahi
• Whakaritea tētahi tangata hei taraiwa i a koe ki te kāinga i muri mai
• Kaua e kai, e inu rānei i tētahi mea mō te 8 hāora i mua i te mahi
• Whakamōhio atu ki tō tākuta mō ngā rongoā katoa, ngā tāpiringa, me ngā rongoā otaota e inu ana koe
• Kōrero atu ki tō rōpū hauora mēnā he mate pāwera, he mate toto rānei tōu
• Whakaotia ngā whakamātautau toto e hiahiatia ana hei tirotiro i tō kaha ki te whakaheke toto
• Whakaritea kia noho koe i te hōhipera mō te mātakitaki mō te 4-6 hāora i muri i te mahi

Mēnā kei te inu koe i ngā rongoā mō te mate huka, te toto tiketike rānei, ka hoatu e tō tākuta ki a koe ngā tohutohu motuhake mō te wā hei inu. Kaua e mutu ēnei rongoā ki te kore e kī mai kia pērā.

Me pēhea te pānui i ngā hua o tō pūtaiao tākihi?

Ka wātea ngā hua o tō pūtaiao tākihi i roto i te 3-7 rā, ahakoa ka roa pea ētahi whakamātautau motuhake. Ka ako tētahi tohunga pathology, he tākuta e tohunga ana ki te tirotiro i ngā kiko, i tō tauira i raro i ngā momo ngira rerekē, ā, ka whakamahi pea i ngā tae motuhake hei whakaatu i ngā āhuatanga motuhake.

Ka whakaahua te pūrongo i ngā mea e kitea ana e te tohunga pathology i roto i tō kiko tākihi. Ka uru pea ki ngā kōrero mō te mumura, te kiko kōpiko, ngā putunga pūmua, ētahi atu rānei huringa e tohu ana i ngā mate motuhake. Ka whakamārama tō tākuta i te tikanga o ēnei kitenga mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ko ngā kitenga noa i ngā pūrongo biopsy tākihi ko ngā kōrero mō ngā glomeruli (ngā tātari iti i ō tākihi), ngā tubules (ngā ngongo iti e tukatuka ana i te mimi), me ngā kiko e karapoti ana. Ka tuhia e te tohunga tātari mena he āhua noa ēnei hanganga, he tohu rānei o te mate, o te whara rānei.

Ka whakarite tō tākuta i tētahi hui whai muri hei kōrero taipitopito mō ō hua, me te whakamārama i te tikanga o ēnei hua mō tō mahere rongoā. He mea nui tēnei kōrero pērā i te biopsy tonu, no reira kaua e whakaroa ki te pātai pātai mō ngā mea kāore koe e mārama.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō te hiahia ki te biopsy tākihi?

Ko ētahi āhuatanga me ngā āhuatanga ka nui ake te tūpono ka hiahia koe ki te biopsy tākihi i tētahi wā. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga tūpono ka āwhina koe ki te mahi tahi me tō tākuta ki te aroturuki i tō hauora tākihi kia tata ake.

He maha ngā āhuatanga hauora e whakanui ana i ō tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i ngā raruraru tākihi e hiahia ana pea ki te biopsy. Ka pā ēnei āhuatanga ki ō tākihi i ngā huarahi rerekē:

• Te mate huka, ina koa kua roa koe e pā ana ki tēnei mate
• Te toto tiketike kāore i te pai te whakahaere
• Ngā mate ārai-a-tinana pērā i te lupus, vasculitis, te mate a Goodpasture rānei
• Te hītori o te mate tākihi i roto i te whānau
• Ngā mate tākihi o mua, ngā kōhatu tākihi rānei
• Ētahi rongoā ka pā ki te mahi tākihi
• Kua whiwhi koe i te whakawhitinga tākihi

Ka whai wāhi anō te pakeke, i te mea ka heke noa te mahi tākihi i te wā. Heoi, ko te whai i ēnei āhuatanga tūpono kāore i te kī ka hiahia koe ki te biopsy. Ko te aroturuki i ngā wā katoa me te whakahaere pai i ngā āhuatanga e takoto ana i raro ka ārai i te hiahia ki tēnei tikanga.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te biopsy tākihi?

Ahakoa he tikanga haumaru te tango tauira whatukuhu, pērā i ētahi atu tikanga rongoā, he raruraru ētahi. Ko te rongo pai, he mea noa ngā raruraru nui, ka puta i roto i te iti iho i te 1% o ngā tūāhua, ā, kua rite tō rōpū rongoā ki te whakahaere i ngā take ka puta.

Koinei ngā raruraru ka mōhiotia e koe, mai i ngā take iti noa ki ngā raruraru onge engari nui:

• Te toto i te taha o te whatukuhu (te mea noa, he iti noa te nuinga, ka mutu anō)
• Te toto i roto i te mimi mō ētahi rā i muri i te tikanga
• Te mamae, te pāhoahoa rānei i te wāhi tango tauira
• Te mate i te wāhi kuhu ngira (he tino onge)
• Te nui o te toto e hiahia ana ki te whakawhitinga toto (he onge, iti iho i te 1 i roto i te 100 ngā tūāhua)
• Te kino ki ngā okana tata (he tino onge)
• Te hanganga o te hononga i waenga i ngā oko toto me te pūnaha mimi (he tino onge)

Ka aroturukihia koe e tō rōpū hauora i muri i te tikanga ki te mātakitaki i ngā tohu o ngā raruraru. Ko te nuinga o te tangata ka pā ki te mamae iti noa, ka hoki ki ngā mahi noa i roto i ētahi rā.

Āhea ahau e kite ai i te tākuta i muri i taku tango tauira whatukuhu?

I muri i tō tango tauira whatukuhu, he mea nui kia mōhio koe āhea koe e whakapā atu ai ki tō rōpū hauora. Ahakoa he mea noa te mamae iti, me whai wāhi tonu ētahi tohu ki te rongoā kia pai ai tō haumaru me te whakaora tika.

Whakapā atu ki tō tākuta tonu mēnā ka pā ki a koe ētahi o ēnei tohu whakatūpato i muri i tō tango tauira:

• Te mamae nui kāore e pai ake ki te rongoā mamae kua whakaritea
• Te nui o te toto mai i te wāhi tango tauira
• Te nui o te toto i roto i tō mimi kāore e iti haere i te wā
• Te kirika i runga ake i te 100.4°F (38°C)
• Te whanoke, te ngoikore, te ngaro rānei
• Te uaua ki te mimi, te kore rānei e mimi
• Ngā tohu o te mate pērā i te whero nui, te mahana, te rerenga rānei i te wāhi tango tauira

Ka whakarite hoki tō tākuta i tētahi tūhurahura whai muri hei kōrero mō ngā hua o tō rātou tātaritanga me te whakamahere i tō rongoā. Ko te tikanga ka pēnei i roto i te wiki, e rua rānei i muri i tō tukanga, e nui ana te wā mō te tohunga tātaritanga ki te whakaoti i tā rātou tātaritanga.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te tātaritanga whatukuhu

Q.1 He pai te whakamātautau tātaritanga whatukuhu mō te tātai i te mate whatukuhu?

Āe, ko te tātaritanga whatukuhu te paerewa koura mō te tātai i te maha o ngā mate whatukuhu. E whakarato ana i ngā kōrero tino taipitopito me te tika mō ngā mea e pā ana ki ō whatukuhu i te taumata pūtau. Ahakoa ka taea e ngā whakamātautau toto me te whakaahua te whakaatu i ngā raruraru whatukuhu, ko te tātaritanga anake ka taea te tautuhi i te momo motuhake o te mate whatukuhu me te whakatau i te ahunga whakamua.

Ka āwhina te tātaritanga i tō tākuta ki te wehe i waenga i ngā momo rerekē o ngā mate whatukuhu ka puta pea ngā tohu rite. He mea nui tēnei tātai tika nā te mea he rongoā rerekē te hiahia o ngā mate whatukuhu rerekē, ā, ko te mea e mahi ana mō tētahi āhuatanga, kāore pea e mahi mō tētahi atu.

Q.2 E mamae ana te tātaritanga whatukuhu?

Ko te nuinga o te tangata ka pā ana ki te mamae ngawari ki te mamae āhua i te wā o te tātaritanga whatukuhu. Ka whakamomori te rongoā ā-rohe i te wāhi e uru ana te ngira, nō reira kāore koe e pōuri i te mamae koi i te wā o te tukanga. Ka pōuri pea koe i te pēhanga, i te mamae rānei i te wā e whakaurua ana te ngira tātaritanga.

I muri i te tukanga, ka pōuri pea koe, ka mamae rānei i tō tuara, i tō taha rānei mō ētahi rā, he rite ki te maru hōhonu. Ka tohutohu tō tākuta i te rongoā mamae kia noho pai koe i te wā o te whakaora. Ko te nuinga o te tangata e kite ana he mārama te mamae, ā, ka pai ake ia rā.

Q.3 Kia pēhea te roa o te whakaora mai i te tātaritanga whatukuhu?

He tere te whakaora mai i te koiora whatukuhu mo te nuinga o nga tangata. Me noho koe ki te hōhipera mō te 4-6 haora i muri i te tikanga kia mōhio kei te kore he toto, ētahi atu raruraru rānei. Ka taea e te nuinga o nga tangata te hoki ki nga mahi mama i roto i te 24-48 haora.

Me karo koe i te hiki taumaha, te whakakori tinana kaha, me nga mahi ka raru ai to tinana mo te wiki pea. Ka hoatu e tō tākuta he aratohu motuhake ki a koe mō te wā ka taea e koe te hoki ki te mahi me ngā mahi noa i runga i tō mahi me te hauora whānui.

Q.4 Ka taea e te koiora whatukuhu te whara i taku whatukuhu?

He iti rawa te tūponotanga o te whara whatukuhu tūturu mai i te koiora. He iti rawa te tauira i tangohia ki te whakataurite ki te rahi o tō whatukuhu, ā, e kore e pā te mahi o tō whatukuhu ki te tango i tēnei wāhanga iti o te kiko. He kaha rawa te kaha whakaora o ō whatukuhu, ā, ka mahi tonu i muri i te tikanga.

Ahakoa ka puta te toto mō te wā poto i te taha o te whatukuhu, ka ngaro noa iho tēnei me te kore e whara tonu. Ka whakamahi tō rōpū hauora i ngā whakaahua matatau hei ārahi i te ngira kia tika, me te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga ki te kiko whatukuhu e tata ana.

Q.5 He aha te mea ka tupu ki te he te hua o taku koiora whatukuhu?

Mēnā e whakaatu ana ngā hua o tō koiora i te mate whatukuhu, ka mahi tō tākuta ki a koe ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere maimoatanga i hangaia mō tō āhuatanga motuhake. Kei runga i te momo maimoatanga i te mea e whakaatu ana te koiora, engari ka uru pea ngā rongoā hei whakaiti i te mumura, te whakahaere i te pēhanga toto, te aukati rānei i te mahi o te pūnaha ārai mate.

Ko te whai hua kōaro ehara i te mea kāore he tūmanako tō āhuatanga. He maha ngā mate whatukuhu ka taea te whakahaere pai, te whakahoki rānei me te maimoatanga tika. Ka mātakitaki tō tākuta i tō ahunga whakamua, ā, ka whakatika i tō maimoatanga i te mea e tika ana hei tiaki i te mahi o tō whatukuhu me te hauora whānui.