He aha te whakawhitinga ate? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe & te Oranga

Ko te whakawhitinga ate he hātepe pokanga e whakakapi ana i te ate kua mate, kua pakaru ranei ki te ate hauora mai i te kaiwhakawhiwhi. Ka whai hua tēnei rongoā whakaora-ora ina kore e taea e tō ate te mahi tika, ā, kāore anō ētahi atu rongoā i whai hua.

Whakaarohia tō ate hei pūmanawa tukatuka matua o tō tinana. Ka tātari i ngā paitini, ka whakaputa i ngā pūmua nui, ā, ka āwhina i te keri kai. Ina rahua, ka taea e te whakawhitinga te whai wāhanga tuarua ki te ora hauora.

He aha te whakawhitinga ate?

Ko te whakawhitinga ate he pokanga nui e whakakapi ana i tō ate e rahua ana ki te ate hauora mai i te kaiwhakawhiwhi kua mate, i te kaiwhakawhiwhi ora rānei e hoatu ana i tētahi wāhanga o tōna ate. Ka tangohia e tō tākuta pokanga tō ate kua pakaru, ā, ka tūhono āta te ate hou ki ō uaua toto me ngā ngongo pāpā.

Ko te mea whakamīharo mō te whakawhitinga ate ko te mea ka taea e koe me te kaiwhakawhiwhi ora te noho noa i muri mai. He kaha whakamīharo tō ate ki te whakahou, nō reira ka tipu te ate wāhanga mai i te kaiwhakawhiwhi ora ki te rahi katoa i roto i ētahi marama i roto i a kōrua.

E tohu ana tēnei hātepe i te tūmanako mō ngā tāngata e mate ate ana i te wā whakamutunga. Ahakoa he pokanga uaua, he pai ngā reiti angitu o te whakawhitinga ate ina mahia i ngā pokapū mōhio.

He aha te take e mahia ai te whakawhitinga ate?

Ka whai hua te whakawhitinga ate ina kua pakaru tō ate, ā, kāore e taea e ia te tautoko i te ora, ā, kua pau ētahi atu rongoā. Ka tūtohu tō tākuta i tēnei pokanga nui ina nui ake ngā painga i ngā tūponotanga.

He maha ngā āhuatanga kino ka arahi ki te hiahia mō te whakawhitinga ate. Ko ngā take tino noa ko ngā mate ate tawhito kua tae ki te rahunga ate, i te wā e kore e taea e tō ate te mahi i ōna mahi nui.

Koinei ngā āhuatanga matua e hiahia ana ki te whakawhitinga ate:

• Te mate cirrhosis mai i te hepatitis B, C rānei
• Te mate ate waipiro
• Te mate ate momona kore-waipiro
• Te cholangitis biliary tuatahi
• Te cholangitis sclerosing tuatahi
• Te hepatitis autoimmune
• Te mate a Wilson
• Te hemochromatosis
• Te ngoikoretanga o te alpha-1 antitrypsin
• Te mate pukupuku ate e tutuki ana i ētahi paearu

Ko ētahi āhuatanga onge ka hiahia hoki ki te whakawhiti, tae atu ki te ngoikore o te ate mai i te paitini rongoā, ētahi mate ira, ētahi mate pūkoro onge rānei. Ka āta arotakehia e tō rōpū whakawhiti mēnā he kaitono pai koe i runga i tō hauora whānui me te tūponotanga o te angitu.

He aha te tikanga mō te whakawhiti ate?

Ko te pokanga whakawhiti ate te tikanga e 6 ki te 12 hāora, i runga i te uaua o tō keehi. E mahi ana tō rōpū pokanga i runga i te āta titiro kia pai ai te putanga.

Ka tīmata te tikanga ki te rongoā whānui, ā, i muri i tērā ka hanga e tō tākuta pokanga he tapahi nui puta noa i tō puku o runga. Ka āta momotuhia e rātou tō ate tūroro mai i ngā oko toto me ngā ngongo pūpū i mua i te tango katoa.

Muri iho ko te mahi tairongo o te hono i te ate o te kaiwhakawhiwhi. Ka honoa e tō tākuta pokanga ngā oko toto o te ate hou ki ō ake, me te whakarite kia tika te rere o te toto. Ka honoa hoki e rātou ngā ngongo pūpū, e kawe ana i te pūpū mai i tō ate hei āwhina i te keri ngako.

Ko ngā mahi whakamutunga ko te tirotiro kei te pai ngā mea katoa. Ka whakarite tō tākuta pokanga kāore he toto, e rere tika ana te toto i roto i te ate hou, me te rere tika o te pūpū. Ka katia e rātou te tapahi ki ngā tuitui, ki ngā tūāpapa rānei.

I roto i te pokanga, ka āta aroturukihia e tō rōpū hauora ō tohu nui. Ka whakahaere te tohunga rongoā i tō manawa me te rere o te toto, i te wā e āwhina ana ngā nēhi motuhake i te rōpū pokanga ki tēnei tikanga uaua.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakawhiti ate?

Ko te whakarite mō te whakawhitinga ate e hāngai ana ki te arotake whānui kia mōhio ai koe e pūmau ana tō hauora mō te pokanga, ā, ka whai hua pea koe i te pokanga. Ko te tikanga nei ka roa pea te maha o ngā wiki ki ngā marama.

Ka whakahaere tō rōpū whakawhitinga i ngā whakamātautau whānui hei aromatawai i tō hauora whānui. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā mahi toto, ngā rangahau whakaahua, ngā whakamātautau mahi ngākau me te pūkahukahu, me te arotake hinengaro kia mōhio ai koe e rite ana tō ngākau mō tēnei huringa nui o te oranga.

Kia whakaaetia, ka whakanohohia koe ki te rārangi tatari whakawhitinga mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te ate mai i tētahi kaiwhakawhiwhi kua mate. He rerekē te wā tatari i runga i tō momo toto, te rahi o tō tinana, me te kaha o te mate. Ko ētahi tāngata e tatari ana i ngā rā, ko ētahi i ngā marama, i ngā tau rānei.

I te wā tatari, he mea nui kia noho hauora tonu koe. Ko te tikanga tēnei me whai koe i tō mahere rongoā o nāianei, te kai i te kai whai kiko, te noho kaha tinana i roto i ō rohe, me te karo rawa i te waipiro.

Me whakarite hoki koe i ngā mahi mō te pokanga me te whakaora. Whakaritea te tautoko a te whānau, me hiahia koe i te āwhina mō ngā wiki i muri i te pokanga. Me mōhio kei te tika ō pūtea me ō inihua, nā te mea he utu tonu te tiaki whakawhitinga.

Me pēhea te pānui i ngā hua o tō whakawhitinga ate?

I muri i te whakawhitinga ate, ka aroturuki tō rōpū hauora i tō ahunga whakamua mā ngā whakamātautau toto auau me ētahi atu aromatawai. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei hua ka āwhina koe ki te noho mōhio mō tō whakaora.

Ko ngā whakamātautau tino nui e tirotiro ana i te pai o te mahi a tō ate hou me te whakaae rānei tō tinana ki a ia. Ka ine ngā whakamātautau mahi ate i ngā enzyme me ngā pūmua e tohu ana kei te pai te mahi a tō ate.

Ko ngā tohu matua ko te ALT me te AST (ngā enzyme ate), te bilirubin (e tukatuka ana i ngā para), me te albumin (he pūmua e hangaia ana e tō ate). Ko te pikinga o ngā taumata enzyme ka tohu pea i te whakakorenga, i ētahi atu raruraru rānei, i te wā e tohu ana ngā taumata noa i te mahi pai.

Ka aroturukihia hoki e ō tākuta ngā taumata rongoā aukati i te pūnaha ārai mate i roto i ō toto. Ko ēnei rongoā e ārai ana i te whakakorenga, engari me tino taurite. He iti rawa ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te whakakorenga, i te mea he nui rawa ka pā ngā pānga taha, ka piki ake rānei te tūponotanga o te mate.

He mea tika pea ngā koiora auau, ina koa i te tau tuatahi. Kei roto i ēnei ko te tango i tētahi tauira ate iti hei tirotiro mō te whakakorenga, ētahi atu raruraru rānei i te taumata pūtau. Ahakoa he whakamataku tēnei, he tikanga auau e whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio whai hua.

Me pēhea te tiaki i tō hauora whakawhiti ate?

Ko te tiaki i tō ate whakawhiti e hiahia ana i te whakapau kaha mō te roanga o te oranga, engari ka urutau pai te nuinga o te tangata ki tā rātou tikanga hou. Ko te kī ko te whai tonu i ngā tohutohu a tō rōpū hauora.

Ko tāu mahi nui ko te tango i ngā rongoā aukati i te pūnaha ārai mate i te tika tonu i te mea i whakaritea. Ko ēnei rongoā e ārai ana i tō pūnaha ārai mate mai i te whakaeke i tō ate hou, engari me tango i te wā tika mō te oranga. Kaua rawa e ngaro ngā horopeta, e mutu rānei te tango i a rātou me te kore whakaaetanga a tō tākuta.

He mea nui te aroturuki hauora auau mō te angitu wā roa. He maha ngā whakaritenga i te tīmatanga, ā, ka iti ake i te wā e haere ana. Mā ēnei haerenga e āhei ai tō rōpū ki te hopu i ngā raruraru i te wā wawe, me te whakatika i tō tiaki i te mea e tika ana.

Ko te tiaki i a koe i ngā mate ka tino nui, i te mea ka nui ake te whakaraerae i a koe e ngā rongoā aukati i te pūnaha ārai mate. Horoi auau i ō ringa, karo i ngā mano i te wā o te wa o te rewharewha, kia whai wāhi ki ngā kano ārai mate e whakaaetia ana e tō tākuta, me te rapu i te āwhina hauora i te wā tonu mō ngā tohu o te mate.

He nui te pānga o ngā whiringa oranga ki te roa o tō whakawhiti. Kia mau ki te kai hauora, whakakorikori tinana auau i te mea e tohutohu ana tō tākuta, karo katoa i te waipiro, kaua e paowa, me te tiaki i tō kiri mai i te rā, i te mea ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te mate pukupuku kiri e ētahi rongoā.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā raruraru whakawhiti ate?

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka piki ake te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru i muri i te whakawhitinga ate. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga ka āwhina i a koe me tō rōpū hauora ki te whakamahere i te huarahi pai rawa atu mō tō atawhai.

He mea nui te pakeke me te āhua o tō hauora whānui ki te whakatau i te tūponotanga. Ko ngā tūroro pakeke, ko rānei ērā he mate ngākau, pūkahukahu, tākihi rānei, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru, ahakoa te pakeke anake e kore e whakakore i a koe i te whakawhitinga.

Ko te take i rahua ai tō ate ka pā ki te tūponotanga. Ko ngā tāngata he āhuatanga pēnei i te hepatitis C, te mate pukupuku ate rānei, he rerekē pea ngā āhuatanga tūponotanga i te hunga he mate ate ira.

Ko ngā āhuatanga i mua i te tīmatanga e piki ake ana te tūponotanga ko:

• Te mate ngākau, ngā whakaeke ngākau rānei i mua
• Te mate pūkahukahu, ngā raruraru rānei ki te manawa
• Te korenga o te tākihi
• Te mate huka
• Te momomo
• Ngā pokanga puku i mua
• Ngā raruraru whakaheke toto
• Ngā mate e haere tonu ana

Ko ngā āhuatanga tūponotanga onge engari he nui te kino ko ētahi āhuatanga ira e pā ana ki te whakaora, ngā whakawhitinga okana i mua, ngā rerekētanga ā-tinana uaua rānei. Ka āta arotakehia e tō rōpū whakawhitinga ngā āhuatanga katoa nei i mua i te tūtohu i te pokanga.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta i te whakawhitinga ate?

Pērā i ētahi atu pokanga nui, he tūponotanga kei te whakawhitinga ate, engari he iti noa iho ngā raruraru nui i ngā pokapū mōhio. Ka whakapau kaha tō rōpū whakawhitinga ki te ārai me te whakatika wawe i ngā raruraru ka puta.

Ko ngā tūponotanga pokanga tonu ko te whakaheke toto, te mate, me ngā kōpuku toto. Ka āta aroturukihia koe e tō rōpū hauora i roto i te wāhi atawhai nui i muri i te pokanga kia kitea wawe ai ēnei. Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata ka ora mai i te pokanga me te kore he raruraru nui.

Ko te āwangawanga nui i te wā roa ko te whakakorenga okana, kei te whakaeke tō pūnaha ārai mate i te ate i whakawhitia. Ka puta tēnei i te 10-20% o ngā tūroro, engari ka taea te rongoā pai mā te whakatikatika i ngā rongoā i te wā e kitea wawe ana.

Ngā raruraru noa ka puta:

• Te whakakorenga koi (ka taea te rongoā mā te huri rongoā)
• Te whakakorenga tawhito (te pōrearea ate haere i te wā)
• Te piki ake o te tūponotanga o te mate mai i ngā rongoā whakaiti i te pūnaha ārai mate
• Te toto tiketike
• Ngā raruraru tākihi
• Te mate wheua
• Te piki ake o te tūponotanga o te mate pukupuku, ina koa te mate pukupuku kiri
• Ngā raruraru ngongo pāpā

Ngā raruraru onge engari he nui te kino ko ngā raruraru oko toto, ngā mate kino, te hokinga mai rānei o te mate ate taketake. Ahakoa te ahua whakamataku, kia mahara ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata i whakawhitia te ate e ora ana, e noho kaha ana mō ngā tau maha i muri i te pokanga.

Āhea ahau e kite ai i te tākuta i muri i te whakawhitinga ate?

I muri i te whakawhitinga ate, ka whai koe i ngā whakaritenga wā tonu, engari me mōhio hoki koe āhea koe e rapu ai i te āwhina hauora tonu. Ko te urupare tere ki ngā raruraru ka ārai i ngā raruraru nui.

Whakapā atu ki tō rōpū whakawhiti tonu mēnā ka piki ake te kirika i te 100.4°F, nā te mea ka tohu tēnei i te mate, i te whakakorenga rānei. I te mea kua pēhia tō pūnaha ārai mate, ka tere te kino o ngā mate.

Ko ētahi atu tohu whakatūpato e hiahia ana kia tere te āwhina hauora ko te whakapairuaki, te ruaki rānei, te mamae nui o te puku, te kōwhai o tō kiri, o ō kanohi, te mimi pouri, te ngenge rānei. Ko ēnei tohu pea e tohu ana i ngā raruraru ate e hiahia ana kia arotake tonu.

Me waea atu hoki koe ki tō tākuta mō:

• Ngā tohu o te mate (kirika, makariri, korokoro pā, mare rerekē)
• Ngā huringa i tō wāhi tapahi (whero, pūpū, rerenga wai)
• Ngā huringa nui i te hiahia kai, i te taumaha rānei
• Te pūpū hou, te pūpū rānei e kino ake ana i ngā waewae, i te puku rānei
• Te rangirua, te huringa rānei o te āhua
• Te toto, te ngāwari rānei o te maru
• Te uaua ki te tango i ō rongoā

Kia mahara, e hiahia ana tō rōpū whakawhiti ki te rongo mai i a koe ina āwangawanga ana koe. He pai ake tonu te waea atu kia whakapumautia e rātou kei te pai ngā mea katoa, i te tatari me te tūpono ka ngaro i a koe tētahi mea nui.

Ngā pātai e pā ana ki te whakawhiti ate

Q.1 He pai te whakawhiti ate mō te mate pukupuku ate?

He maimoatanga pai te whakawhiti ate mō ētahi momo mate pukupuku ate, ina koa te hepatocellular carcinoma e tutuki ana i ngā paearu motuhake. Kāore ngā mate pukupuku ate katoa e tika ana mō te whakawhiti, me noho rānei te mate pukupuku ki tētahi wāhi, ā, kāore i te tino pōrohe.

Ka whakawhirinaki te whakatau ki ngā mea pēnei i te rahi o te puku, te maha o ngā puku, me te horapa o te mate pukupuku ki tua atu i te ate. Ka mahi tahi tō tākuta mate pukupuku me te rōpū whakawhiti ki te whakatau mēnā he kaitono koe i runga i ngā aratohu kua whakatūria e matapae ana i ngā putanga pai.

Q.2 Ka rongoa te whakawhiti ate i te hepatitis C?

Ka tangohia e te whakawhiti ate te ate kua pakaru i te hepatitis C, engari ka taea e te huaketo te pangia anō tō ate hou i te mea e huri ana i roto i ō toto. Heoi, ka taea e ngā rongoā antiviral pai te rongoa i te mate hepatitis C i mua, i muri rānei i te whakawhiti.

Te nuinga o ngā pokapū whakawhiti e rongoa ana i te hepatitis C ki ngā rongoā antiviral e mahi tika ana i mua i te whakawhiti, i muri tata rānei. Neke atu i te 95% te reiti rongoa o ēnei rongoā, e whakakore ana i te huaketo me te tiaki i tō ate hou.

Q.3 Kia pēhea te roa o te ate i whakawhitia?

He pai te mahi a te nuinga o ngā ate i whakawhitia mō ngā tau maha. Tata ki te 85-90% o ngā kaiwhiwhi whakawhiti ate e ora ana i te kotahi tau i muri i te pokanga, ā, tata ki te 75% e ora ana i muri i te rima tau. He maha ngā tāngata e noho ana mō te 20 tau, neke atu rānei me tō rātou ate i whakawhitia.

Ka whakawhirinaki te roa o tō ate i whakawhitia ki ngā mea pēnei i tō tau, te hauora whānui, te take i whakawhitia ai, me te pai o tō whai i tō tiaki hauora. Ko te tango rongoā i te mea i whakaritea me te pupuri i ngā tikanga hauora ka tino pai ake ngā putanga mo te wā roa.

Q.4 Ka taea e au te whai tamariki i muri i te whakawhitinga ate?

Ae, he maha nga wahine e whai hapū ana i muri i te whakawhitinga ate. Heoi, me ata whakarite te hapū, me te tiaki motuhake mai i to roopu whakawhitinga me tetahi tohunga hapū morearea.

Me tatari koe mo te kotahi tau i muri i te whakawhitinga i mua i te ngana ki te hapū, kia pai ai te mahi o to ate. Me whakarereke etahi rongoa aukati i te mate i te wa e hapū ana kia noho haumaru ai koe me to peepi.

Q.5 Me whai whakawhitinga ate ano ahau?

Ko te nuinga o nga tangata kotahi noa te whakawhitinga ate i roto i to ratau oranga. Heoi, tera pea ka hiahia etahi turoro ki te whakawhitinga ano mena ka kore to ratau ate na te whakakorenga mau tonu, te hokinga mai o te mate taketake, etahi atu raruraru ranei.

He onge te hiahia mo te whakawhitinga tuarua, ka puta i roto i te 10-15% o nga turoro i roto i nga tau maha. Ko te piri pai ki nga rongoa me te tiaki whai muri ka tino whakaiti i te tupono ka hiahia koe ki tetahi atu whakawhitinga.