He aha te werohanga lumbar (Spinal Tap)? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe me ngā Hua

Ko te werohanga lumbar, e mōhiotia ana ko te spinal tap, he hātepe rongoā e whakauru ai tō tākuta i tētahi ngira angiangi ki tō tuara o raro ki te kohikohi wai cerebrospinal (CSF) mō te whakamātau. Ko tēnei wai mārama e karapoti ana i tō roro me te taurakira, e mahi ana hei urunga whakamarumaru. Ahakoa te whakaaro o te ngira e tata ana ki tō taurakira ka tūpono he mataku, he haumaru tonu tēnei hātepe, ā, ka taea te whakarato i ngā mōhiohio nui mō tō hauora e kore e taea e ētahi atu whakamātau te whakaatu.

He aha te werohanga lumbar?

Kei roto i te werohanga lumbar te whakauru āta i tētahi ngira motuhake i waenga i ngā wheua o tō taurakira o raro kia tae ki te wāhi kei roto te wai cerebrospinal. Ka tū te hātepe i tō rohe lumbar, koinei te take i tapaina ai ko te werohanga "lumbar". Ka mahia e tō tākuta tēnei whakamātau ki te kohikohi wai mō te tātari, i ētahi wā rānei ki te tuku rongoā ki tō wāhi taurakira.

Ko te wai cerebrospinal i kohia e whakaatu ana i tētahi kōrero nui mō ngā mea e pā ana ki tō pūnaha io. Whakaarohia he matapihi ki tō roro me te hauora o te taurakira. Ka taea e tēnei wai te whakaatu i ngā mate, te whakaheke toto, te mumura, ētahi atu āhuatanga rānei e pā ana ki tō mahi neurological.

He aha te take i mahia ai te werohanga lumbar?

Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te werohanga lumbar ina hiahia ana rātou ki te tirotiro i ngā tohumate ka tohu i ngā raruraru ki tō roro, taurakira, pūnaha io rānei. Ko te take tino nui ko te tirotiro mō ngā mate pēnei i te meningitis, te encephalitis rānei, ka mōrearea te ora ki te kore e tātaritia, e rongoatia wawe.

I tua atu i ngā mate, ka āwhina tēnei hātepe ki te tātai i ētahi atu āhuatanga nui. Anei ngā take nui ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te spinal tap:

• Te whakapae o te mate roro, te mate roro rānei (ngā mate o te roro me te hākinakina)
• Te sclerosis maha, ētahi atu mate ārai-a-tinana rānei
• Te toto i te taha o te roro (te toto i raro i te arachnoid)
• Ētahi momo mate pukupuku e pā ana ki te pūnaha io
• Te mate a Guillain-Barré (he mate io onge)
• Ngā tohu io kāore i whakamāramahia pērā i te mamae nui o te upoko, te rangirua rānei

I ētahi wā, ka whakamahi pea tō tākuta i tēnei tikanga ki te tuku rongoā ki tō wāhi hākinakina, pērā i ngā rongoā chemotherapy, i ngā rongoā rānei mō ētahi pokanga. He pai ake tēnei huarahi i te tango rongoā mā te waha, mā te IV rānei.

He aha te tikanga mō te werohanga lumbar?

Ko te tikanga werohanga lumbar e pā ana ki te 30 ki te 45 meneti, ā, ka mahia i roto i te hōhipera, i te whare haumanu rānei. Ka tū tō tūnga ki te takoto ki tō taha me ō turi e tōia ana ki tō uma, ki te noho rānei me te pīkau ki mua i runga i te tēpu. Mā ēnei tūnga e āwhina i te whakatuwhera i ngā wāhi i waenga i ō vertebrae.

Ka horoi tō tākuta i tō tuara o raro ki te otinga antiseptic, ka werohia te rongoā ā-rohe hei whakapōkae i te wāhi. Ka rongo koe i te wero iti mai i tēnei werohanga, engari ka pai ake te toenga o te tikanga. Kia pōkae te wāhi, ka ata whakauru tō tākuta i te ngira hākinakina i waenga i ngā vertebrae e rua i tō tuara o raro.

Koinei te mea ka tupu i te wā o te tikanga:

1. Ka kimi tō tākuta i te wāhi tika mā te whakamahi i ngā tohu anatomical
2. Ka ata whakawhanakehia te ngira kia tae ki te wāhi wai cerebrospinal
3. He iti te wai (te tikanga 1-4 tīpune) ka kohia ki roto i ngā ngongo mō te horoi
4. Ka tangohia te ngira, ka whakamahia he rāpaki iti
5. Ka tonoa koe ki te takoto papatahi mō te 30 meneti ki te hāora i muri mai

I te wā o te kohinga wai, ka pōrangi pea koe i te pēhanga, i te rārangi poto rānei i tō waewae. He mea noa tēnei, ka pā mai nā te mea e tata ana te ngira ki ngā pūtake o te io. Ko te nuinga o te tangata e kī ana he iti iho te raruraru i tā rātou i whakaaro ai.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō werohanga lumbar?

He tika te whakarite mō te werohanga lumbar, ā, ka hoatu e tō rōpū hauora ki a koe ngā tohutohu motuhake. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e koe te kai me te inu noa i mua i te tikanga, ki te kore e kī mai tō tākuta i ētahi atu mea. He mea nui te kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā rongoā katoa e tango ana koe, ina koa ngā mea e whakaheke ana i te toto.

Me mutu pea ētahi rongoā i mua i te tikanga, ina koa ngā mea e pā ana ki te whakaheke toto. Ka hoatu e tō tākuta ki a koe ngā tohutohu mārama mō ngā rongoā hei whakamutu me te roa o te wā. Kaua rawa e whakamutu i ngā rongoā kua tohua me te kore whakaaetanga a tō tākuta.

I te rā o tō tikanga, mau kākahu pai, whānui hoki e taea ai te uru ki tō tuara. Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi hei taraiwa i a koe ki te kāinga, me okioki koe mō ētahi haora i muri mai. E pōrangi ana ētahi tāngata, he mamae pōrangi rānei i muri i te tikanga.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua werohanga lumbar?

Ka whakaatu ō hua wai cerebrospinal i ētahi inenga nui hei āwhina i tō tākuta ki te mārama ki te mea e pā ana ki tō pūnaha io. He mārama, he kore tae te CSF noa, pērā i te wai. Ko ngā huringa i te āhua, te tae, te hanganga rānei ka tohu i ngā āhuatanga motuhake.

Ka titiro tō tākuta ki ngā āhuatanga maha o tō tauira wai. Ko ngā inenga matua ko te tatau pūtau, ngā taumata pūmua, ngā taumata kūhuka, me ngā pānui pēhanga. Ko ngā hua noa te tikanga e pai ana te mahi o tō pūnaha io, ā, kāore he tohu o te mate, ētahi atu raruraru nui rānei.

Anei te mea e tohu ana ngā kitenga rerekē:

• Te maha nui o ngā pūtau toto mā: He mate, he mumura rānei pea
• Ngā pūtau toto whero kei reira: He toto pea, he pao whara rānei
• Te piki o ngā taumata pūmua: He tohu pea mō te mate, te mumura, ētahi atu āhuatanga rānei
• Ngā taumata kūkō iti: He tohu pinepine mō te mate huakita
• He wai pōraru, he wai tae rānei: He tohu pinepine mō te mate, te toto rānei
• Ngā pānui pēhanga rerekē: He tohu pea mō ngā āhuatanga neurological rerekē

Ka whakamāramahia e tō tākuta ō hua motuhake me te tikanga mō tō hauora. I ētahi wā, ka hiahiatia ētahi atu whakamātautau i runga i te tauira wai kia whiwhi ai i tētahi pikitia oti. Kia mahara me whakamāori ngā hua i roto i te horopaki o ō tohumate me ētahi atu mōhiohio rongoā.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā raruraru mai i te werohanga lumbar?

Ahakoa te nuinga o te wā he haumaru te werohanga lumbar, ka taea e ētahi āhuatanga te whakanui i tō tūponotanga ki ngā raruraru. Ko te nuinga o ngā tikanga ka pai te haere, engari he mea nui kia mōhio ki ngā mea ka uaua ake ai te tikanga, ka whakanui rānei i tō tūponotanga ki ngā pānga taha.

Ka āta arotakehia e tō tākuta tō āhuatanga takitahi i mua i te tūtohu i te tikanga. Ko ētahi āhuatanga ka whakanui i ngā raruraru ko ngā mate toto, ētahi rongoā, ētahi rerekētanga ā-tinana rānei i tō tuarā. Ko ngā tāngata e tino pā ana ki te mumura o ngā hononga, i te pokanga tuarā rānei i mua, ka tūpono pea ki ētahi atu wero.

Ngā āhuatanga tūpono ka whakaarohia e tō tākuta ko:

• Te tango rongoā whakaheke toto
• Te whai mate toto, te iti rānei o ngā pūtau toto
• Te mumura hononga tuarā nui, te hē rānei
• Te pokanga tuarā i mua me ngā taputapu
• Te pēhanga nui ake i roto i te roro
• Te mate kiri i te wāhi werohanga
• Ētahi āhuatanga neurological

Ka arotakehia e tō rōpū hauora tō hītori rongoā me ngā rongoā e inu ana koe i tēnei wā kia iti ai ngā tūponotanga. Ka tono pea rātou i ngā whakamātautau toto hei tirotiro i tō mahi whakaheke toto, i ngā rangahau whakaahua rānei hei aromatawai i te hanganga o tō tuarā i mua i te tikanga.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta i te werohanga lumbar?

Kāore te nuinga o te tāngata e pā ana ki ngā raruraru nui mai i te werohanga lumbar, engari he mea nui kia mōhio ki ngā mea hei mātakitaki. Ko te pānga taha tino noa he ānini ka puta i roto i te 24 ki te 48 haora i muri i te tikanga. Ka puta tēnei i roto i te 10-15% o te tāngata, ā, he ngawari, he wā poto noa iho.

Ka puta te ānini nā te huringa wā poto i te pēhanga wai roro i muri i te tikanga. Ko te tikanga ka kaha ake te mamae ina noho ana koe, e tū ana rānei, ka pai ake ina takoto ana koe. Ka ngaro te nuinga o ngā ānini i roto i ngā rā torutoru me te okiokinga me te nui o te wai.

Ko ētahi atu raruraru ka puta ko:

• Ānini i muri i te werohanga lumbar (te mea tino noa)
• Te mamae o te tuarā, te mamae rānei i te wāhi werohanga
• Te ngaro o te rongo, te ngau rānei o te waewae mō te wā poto
• Te toto iti i te wāhi werohanga
• Kāore i te noa: te mate i te wāhi werohanga
• Kāore rawa i te noa: te kino o te io, te rerenga wai roro tonu rānei
• Kāore rawa i te noa: te herniation roro (i ngā take o te pēhanga roro kua piki ake)

Kāore i te noa ngā raruraru nui ina mahia te tikanga e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora mōhio. Ka āta aroturukihia koe e tō rōpū hauora, ā, ka hoatu ngā tohutohu mārama mō te wā hei rapu āwhina hauora mēnā ka pā ki a koe ētahi tohumate e pā ana.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta i muri i te werohanga lumbar?

Me whakapā atu koe ki tō tākuta mēnā ka puta ētahi tohumate i muri i tō werohanga lumbar. Ahakoa ka ora te nuinga o te tāngata kāore he raruraru, he mea nui kia mōhio koe ki te wā ka tohu pea ngā tohumate i tētahi raruraru e hiahia ana ki te āwhina hauora.

Me waea atu ki tō tākuta mēnā he nui te mamae o te upoko kāore e pai ake i te okiokinga me te takoto, ā, ka kaha haere i te roanga o te wā. Waihoki, ki te whai kirika koe, te mārō o te kaki, ngā tohu rānei o te mate i te wāhi i werohia ai, me rapu wawe koe i te manaakitanga hauora.

Whakapā atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mēnā ka pā ki a koe:

• He nui te mamae o te upoko e kaha haere ana, e kore rānei e pai ake i muri i te 48 hāora
• Kirika neke atu i te 101°F (38.3°C)
• Te mārō o te kaki, te mamae nui rānei o te kaki
• Te whakapairuaki me te ruaki tonu
• Te whero, te pū, te rerenga wai rānei i te wāhi i werohia ai
• He nui te mamae o te tuara e kaha haere ana
• Te ngaro o te rongo, te ngoikore rānei i ō waewae kāore e pai ake

Ko te nuinga o ngā tohumate ka puta i muri i te werohanga lumbar he ngawari, he wā poto noa iho. Heoi, kaua e whakaroa ki te whakapā atu ki tō rōpū hauora mēnā e māharahara ana koe ki ētahi tohumate e pā ana ki a koe. Ka taea e rātou te tohutohu me te whakamarie i a koe.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te werohanga lumbar

Q1: He mamae te whakamātautau werohanga lumbar?

Ko te nuinga o te tāngata e whakaaro ana he iti ake te mamae o te werohanga lumbar i tā rātou i whakaaro ai. Ka puta he wero poto i te werohanga rongoā ā-rohe, engari i muri i tērā, me rongo koe i te pēhanga, i te mamae ngawari rānei. Ka rongo ētahi tāngata i te ohorere poto iho ki raro i tō rātou waewae i te wā e tae ana te ngira ki te wāhi io, engari ka tere te pahemo.

He maha ngā wā ka whakatauritea te taumata mamae ki te whiwhi kano ārai mate nui, ki te tango toto rānei mai i te uaua uaua. Ka mahi tō rōpū hauora kia pai ai koe i te wā o te tikanga.

Q2: Ka taea e te werohanga lumbar te whara tūturu?

He tino onge te whara tūturu mai i te werohanga lumbar i te wā e mahia ana e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora mōhio. Ko te nuinga o te tāngata ka ora katoa, kāore he pānga pumau. I hangaia te tikanga kia karo i te taurakira, e mutu ana i runga ake i tō tuarā.

Ahakoa he mea noa ngā pānga taha rangitahi pērā i te ānini, te mamae o te tuara rānei, he iti iho i te 1% o ngā tukanga ka puta ngā raruraru tūturu pērā i te whara o te io, te mamae rānei e mau tonu ana. Ko ngā painga o te whiwhi i tētahi tātaritanga tika, he nui ake i ēnei mōrearea iti.

Q3: E hia te roa ki te ora mai i te werohanga lumbar?

Ka hoki te nuinga o te tangata ki te āhua noa i roto i te 24 ki te 48 haora i muri i te werohanga lumbar. Me okioki koe mō ngā haora tuatahi i muri i te tukanga, te nuinga e takoto ana mō te 30 meneti ki te haora i roto i te whare rongoā. He maha ngā tāngata ka hoki ki ngā mahi māmā i te rā tonu.

Me karo koe i ngā mahi kaha, te hiki taumaha, te whakakori tinana kaha rānei mō te 24 ki te 48 haora. Ka pā ki ētahi tāngata te mamae o te tuara, te ngenge rānei mō te rā, e rua rānei, engari ka ngaro tēnei i te okioki me ngā rongoā mamae kaore e hiahiatia he rēhita, ki te hiahiatia.

Q4: Me aha au ki te ānini i muri i te werohanga lumbar?

Mēnā ka pū te ānini i muri i te werohanga lumbar, ngana ki te takoto whakapae me te inu i te wai nui. Ka pai ake te ānini i te wā e whakapae ana koe, nā te mea ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakatika i te pēhanga i roto i tō pūnaha wai roro.

Ka āwhina ngā rongoā mamae kaore e hiahiatia he rēhita pērā i te acetaminophen, te ibuprofen rānei ki te whakahaere i te raruraru. Mēnā he kaha te ānini, ka mau tonu rānei i tua atu i te 48 haora, whakapā atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora. Ka tūtohu pea rātou i ētahi atu rongoā, ka hiahia rānei ki te arotake i a koe mō ngā raruraru.

Q5: Ka taea e au te taraiwa i muri i te werohanga lumbar?

Kaua koe e taraiwa tonu i muri i te werohanga lumbar. E tūtohu ana te nuinga o ngā tākuta kia waiho mā tētahi atu e taraiwa i a koe ki te kāinga mai i te tukanga. Me okioki koe mō ētahi haora i muri mai, ā, ka pū te ngenge o ētahi tāngata, he ānini māmā rānei ka pā ki tō rātou kaha ki te taraiwa haumaru.

Ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te hoki ki te taraiwa i roto i nga haora 24 ki te pai ana te ahua, karekau he mamae nui o te mahunga, etahi atu tohu ranei. Whakarongo ki tō tinana, kaua e taraiwa ki te whanoke koe, he mamae nui tō mahunga, kāore rānei koe i te mataara, i te arotahi.