He aha te Whakaahua Uwha rāpoi? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe me ngā Hua

Ko te whakaahua uwha rāpoi (MBI) he karapa rongoā karihi motuhake ka taea te kite i te mate pukupuku uwha mā te whakanui i ngā wāhi e tipu kaha ana ngā pūtau mate pukupuku. E whakamahi ana tēnei tikanga whakaahua ngawari i tētahi wāhanga iti o te tohu iraruke e tōia ana ki ngā pūtau mate pukupuku, ka kitea ai i runga i ngā kāmera motuhake ka kite i ngā raruraru ka ngaro i ngā mammograms auau.

Whakaarohia te MBI me te hoatu ki tō tākuta tētahi arotahi rerekē hei titiro. Ahakoa e whakaatu ana ngā mammograms i te hanganga o tō kiko uwha, e whakaatu ana te MBI i te mahi e pā ana ki roto i ō pūtau. Mā tēnei ka tino whai hua mō ngā wāhine he kiko uwha mātotoru, kei reira ngā mate pukupuku e huna ana i muri i te kiko noa i ngā mammograms paerewa.

He aha te whakaahua uwha rāpoi?

Ko te whakaahua uwha rāpoi he whakamātautau rongoā karihi e whakamahi ana i tētahi tohu iraruke hei kimi i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku uwha. Ko te tohu, e kiia ana ko te technetium-99m sestamibi, ka werohia ki tō ringa, ka haere mā tō toto ki ngā wāhi e wehe tere ana ngā pūtau, he tohu pinepine tēnei i te mate pukupuku.

E mahi ana te whakamātautau nā te mea ka ngongo te nuinga o ngā pūtau mate pukupuku i te tohu i te kiko uwha noa. Ka hopu ngā kāmera gamma motuhake i ngā whakaahua o tēnei tohatoha tohu, ka hanga i ngā pikitia taipitopito e whakaatu ana ki tō tākuta te wāhi e puta ana tētahi mahi whakapae. Kāore tēnei hātepe e mamae ana, ā, kāore e hiahiatia te kōpeketanga o tō kiko uwha.

I ētahi wā ka kiia te MBI ko te whakaahua gamma motuhake-uwha (BSGI), ahakoa he rite tonu te hangarau me te huarahi. E pā ana ngā kupu e rua ki tēnei huarahi ngawari, whai hua ki te tātari mō te mate pukupuku uwha e whakakī ana i tō mammogram auau.

He aha te take i mahia ai te whakaahua uwha rāpoi?

Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta ki te MBI mēnā he kiko u mātotoru ōna u e uaua ai te pānui tika i ngā mammograms. He mā te kiko mātotoru i ngā mammograms, pērā anō te mate pukupuku, ko te tikanga ka ngaro ētahi puku iti i ētahi wā.

He tino whai hua te MBI mō ngā wāhine e piki ana te tūponotanga o te mate pukupuku u engari kāore e tika ana mō te arotake MRI. Ko tēnei pea ko ngā wāhine he hītori whānau o te mate pukupuku u, ngā biopsy u o mua e whakaatu ana i ngā huringa mōrearea, i ngā āhuatanga ira rānei e whakanui ana i tō rātou tūponotanga ki te mate pukupuku.

Ka whakamahia hoki te whakamātautau i te wā e hiahia ana ngā tākuta ki te whai pikitia mārama ake o ngā wāhi whakapae i kitea i ngā mammograms, i ngā whakamātautau tinana rānei. I ētahi wā ka āwhina te MBI ki te whakatau mēnā he mate pukupuku tūturu tētahi wāhi e pā ana, he kiko mātotoru noa iho rānei, ka āwhina pea i a koe i ngā biopsy kore e tika ana.

I tua atu, ka whai hua te MBI mō te aroturuki i te pai o te mahi o te rongoā mate pukupuku u. Ka taea e te tango i te tohu te whakaatu mēnā kei te aro atu ngā puku ki te chemotherapy, ki ētahi atu rongoā rānei, e hoatu ana ki tō rōpū hauora ngā mōhiohio whai hua mō tō ahunga whakamua.

He aha te tikanga mō te whakaahua u ngota?

Ka tīmata te tikanga MBI ki te werohanga iti o te tohu iraruke ki roto i te uaua i tō ringa. He rite tēnei werohanga ki ngā toto katoa i tōia e koe, he paku tīpako noa iho mai i te ngira. E pā ana ki te 5 ki te 10 meneti te tohu ki te huri i tō tinana me te tae ki tō kiko u.

Kia whai wā te tohu ki te tohatoha, ka whakatakotoria koe i roto i tētahi tūru e tata ana ki te kāmera gamma motuhake. He rite te ahua o te kāmera ki te mīhini mammography, engari i hangaia kia pai ake te noho, nā te mea kāore he kōpeketanga e hiahiatia ana.

I te wā o te whakaahua, me noho pū tonu koe i te wā e tango ana te kāmera i ngā pikitia mai i ngā koki rerekē. E pā ana ki te 30 ki te 40 meneti te katoa o te tukanga whakaahua, ā, e 8 ki te 10 meneti te roa o ia tirohanga. Ka taea e koe te hā i te wā o te tikanga.

Ka hopu ngā kāmera i ngā whakaahua o ngā u, ahakoa kotahi anake te u e tirotirohia ana. Mā tēnei e āwhina ai tō tākuta ki te whakataurite i ngā taha e rua, ā, ka mōhio kei te tika ngā mea katoa. Ko te wā katoa o te tūtohinga, mai i te werohanga ki te otinga, tata ki te hāora te roa.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakaahua u ngota?

He tika tonu te whakarite mō te MBI, ā, he iti noa ngā huringa e hiahiatia ana ki tō tikanga. Ka taea e koe te kai me te inu i mua i te whakamātautau, ā, kāore koe e hiahia ki te whakamutu i te tango i ō rongoā auau, ki te kore te tākuta e whakahau.

Me mau koe i ngā kākahu pai, e rua ngā wāhanga, nā te mea me tango e koe ō kākahu mai i te hope ki runga mō te tūtohinga. He māmā ake te huri i te kākahu pātene i te kākahu tōia. Ka whakawhiwhia koe e te pokapū whakaahua ki te kākahu hōhipera e tuwhera ana i mua.

He mea nui kia whakamōhio atu ki tō rōpū hauora mēnā kei te hapū koe, kei te whāngai u rānei, nā te mea ka pā te tohu iraruke ki tō pēpi. Mēnā kei te whāngai u koe, tērā pea me pūhi koe, me maka atu te waiu u mō te rā, e rua rānei i muri i te tūtohinga.

Tangohia ngā whakapaipai, ina koa ngā rānei, ngā taringa rānei, i mua i te whakamātautau, nā te mea ka raru te konganuku ki te whakaahua. Tērā pea ka hiahia koe ki te karo i te whakamahi i te deodorant, te paura, te hinu rānei ki tō uma i te rā o te whakamātautau, nā te mea ka puta mai ēnei hua i ngā whakaahua.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua whakaahua u ngota?

Ka whakaatu ō hua MBI mēnā i kohia te tohu iraruke ki ngā wāhi o tō kiko u. Ko te tikanga o ngā hua noa iho i te tohatoha ōrite te tohu puta noa i tō kiko u, kāore he wāhi e pā ana ki te pikinga.

Mēnā he wāhi i kaha ake te kukume i te tohu, ka puta ēnei hei

Ka ata tātarihia e tō tākuta irarangi ngā whakaahua nei me tō mammogram me ētahi atu whakaahua i mahia e koe. Ka tirohia e rātou te rahi, te āhua, me te kaha o ngā wāhi hē hei whakatau mēnā e tika ana kia whakawhitiwhiti kōrero anō.

Ko te tikanga ka wātea ngā hua i roto i ngā rā torutoru, ā, ka kōrerohia e tō tākuta ki a koe i roto i te horopaki o tō hauora u katoa. Mēnā he wāhi e hiahia ana kia arotakehia anō, ka whakamāramahia e tō tākuta ngā mahi e whai ake nei, arā, ko te whakaahua anō, ko te koiora rānei.

He aha ngā mea e pā ana ki te tika o te whakaahua u ngota?

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki te pai o te kitea e te MBI te mate pukupuku u i tō keehi motuhake. Ko te kiko u mātotoru ka whai hua ake te MBI i ngā mammogram, nā te mea kāore te hangarau rongoā karihi e ārai ana i te mātotoru o te kiko pērā i ngā hihi X.

He wāhi nui te rahi o ngā puku pea i te tika o te kitenga. He tino pai te MBI ki te kimi i ngā mate pukupuku 1 henimita te rahi, neke atu rānei, engari kei te ngaro tonu pea ngā puku iti rawa. Koinei te take e pai ana te MBI hei wāhanga o te huarahi arotake whānui, kaua hei whakamātautau motuhake.

Ka pā pea ētahi rongoā ki te tango i te tohu. Mēnā kei te tango koe i ngā rongoā mō te ngākau, ina koa ko ngā mea o te whānau aukati hongere konupūmā, whakamōhio atu ki tō tākuta nā te mea ka pā pea ēnei ki te tohatoha o te tohu i tō tinana.

Ka pā ano pea tō hītori rongoā tata nei ki ngā hua. Mēnā i pā koe i te koiora u, te pokanga, te rongoā irarangi rānei i ngā marama kua pahure ake nei, ka pā pea ēnei mahi i te mumura ka pā ki te tango tohu, ka puta pea ngā hua rūpahu-pai.

He aha ngā tūponotanga o te whakaahua u ngota?

Ko te pānga irarangi mai i te MBI he rite ki te mea ka whiwhi koe mai i te karapa CT o tō uma. Ahakoa he nui ake tēnei irarangi i te mammogram, e kiia ana he horopeta iti tonu, ā, he haumaru mō te nuinga o ngā wāhine ina whakamahia tika ana.

He poto rawa te haurua o te tohu irarangi i whakamahia i roto i te MBI, ko te tikanga ka pakaru tere i roto i to tinana. Ko te nuinga o te irarangi ka ngaro i roto i nga haora 24, a ka whakakorehia e koe te tohu ma roto i to mahi whatukuhu noa.

He tino onge nga tauhohenga mate pāwera ki te tohu, engari ka taea. Ka pa pea te maru iti, te mamae ranei ki te wāhi werohanga, he rite ki te mea ka rongo koe i muri i te tango toto, i te werohanga ranei. Ko nga raruraru nui mai i te tikanga ake nei karekau e rongohia.

Kei te māharahara etahi wahine mo te tohu irarangi e pā ana ki o ratou whānau, engari he iti rawa te nui o te irarangi karekau he whakatūpato motuhake e hiahiatia ana i te taha o te whānau, nga mokai, nga hoa mahi ranei i muri i te whakamatautau.

Ahea ahau ka whakaaro ki te whakaahua u ngota?

He pai pea koe mo te MBI mena he kiko u matotoru koe, he nui ake te mate o te mate pukupuku u. Kei roto i tenei ko nga wahine he kaha te hitori o te whanau o te mate pukupuku u, te mate pukupuku ovarian ranei, ina koa kua whakaatu nga whakamatautau ira i a koe e mau ana i nga huringa i roto i nga ira penei i te BRCA1, BRCA2 ranei.

Ko nga wahine kua whai i nga koiora u o mua e whakaatu ana i nga huringa morearea nui, penei i te hyperplasia ductal atypical, te carcinoma lobular ranei i roto i te waahi, ka whai hua ano pea mai i te tirotiro MBI. Ka tohutohu pea to taakuta mena he maha nga mea morearea e tuu ana i to tupono mate pukupuku u i runga ake i te toharite.

Mena kua kitea e koe nga kitenga e pa ana ki te mammogram e hiahia ana kia arotakehia, ka taea e te MBI te whakarato korero atu hei awhina i to taakuta ki te whakatau mena e tika ana te koiora. He tino whai hua tenei ki te karo i nga tikanga kore e tika ana i te wa e whakarite ana kaore he mea nui e ngaro.

Heoi, karekau te MBI e taunakitia ana mo te tirotiro i nga wa katoa i roto i nga wahine morearea toharite. Ko te whakakitenga irarangi atu me te utu ka tino tika mo nga wahine he mea morearea motuhake, he ahuatanga haumanu ranei e tika ana kia kaha ake te kite.

He aha te rerekētanga o te whakaahua u ngota ki ētahi atu whakamātautau?

Ki te whakataurite ki te mammography, he pai ake te MBI ki te kite i te mate pukupuku i roto i te kiko u mātotoru. Ahakoa ka ngaro pea i ngā mammograms tae atu ki te 50% o ngā mate pukupuku i roto i te kiko tino mātotoru, ka mau tonu te tika o te MBI ahakoa te mātotoru o te u.

He maha ngā wā ka whakaarohia te MRI ko te paerewa koura mō te tirotiro mate pukupuku u mō te hunga whai mōrearea nui, engari he maha ngā painga o te MBI. He pai ake mō te nuinga o ngā wāhine nā te mea kāore he take ki te takoto pū i roto i te wāhi kuiti mō te 30-45 meneti, ā, he iti ake te utu i te MRI u.

Kāore i rite ki te MRI, kāore te MBI e hiahia ana ki te werohanga rerekē IV e kore e taea e ētahi tāngata te aro ki a ia nā te raru o te pūkahukahu, te mate pāwera rānei. Ko te tohu iraruke e whakamahia ana i roto i te MBI he uaua te pānga o te mate pāwera, ā, he rerekē te tukatuka e tō tinana i te rerekē o te MRI.

Ko te ultrasound tētahi atu taputapu e whakamahia ana hei arotake i te kiko u, engari ko te tikanga ka whakamahia hei tirotiro i ngā wāhi motuhake, kaua mō te tirotiro. Ka whai wāhi atu te MBI ki te tirohanga whānui o ngā u e rua, ā, ka taea te kite i ngā mate pukupuku e kore e kitea i runga i te ultrasound.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te whakaahua u ngota

Q1: He mamae te whakaahua u ngota?

Kāore, kāore te MBI e mamae. Ko te mamae anake ka pā ki a koe he paku werohanga mai i te ngira i te wā e werohia ana te tohu, he rite ki te tango toto. Kāore i rite ki ngā mammograms, kāore he kōpeketanga o tō kiko u i te wā o te tukanga whakaahua.

Q2: Kia hia ngā wā ka whai whakaahua u ngota ahau?

Kei runga i ō āhuatanga mōrearea takitahi me ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta. Ko te nuinga o ngā wāhine e whai hua ana mai i te MBI ka mahia ia tau, he rite ki te tirotiro mammogram. Heoi, ka whakatau tō tākuta i te wā tika i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake me te kōtaha mōrearea.

Q3: Ka taea e au te taraiwa i ahau ki te kāinga i muri i te whakaahua u ngota?

Āe, ka taea e koe te taraiwa i a koe ki te kāinga i muri i te MBI. Kāore te tikanga e uru ana ki te whakamaimoa, ki ngā rongoā rānei e pā ana ki tō kaha ki te taraiwa. Me pōturi noa koe i muri tonu i te otinga o te whakamātautau.

Q4: Ka hipokina e te inihua te whakaahua u ngota?

He rerekē te hipoki inihua mō te MBI i runga i tō mahere me ō āhuatanga hauora. He maha ngā kaiinihua e hipoki ana i te whakamātautau ina tika ana te rongoā mō ngā tūroro whai mōrearea nui, hei arotake rānei i ngā kitenga whakapae. Whakapa atu ki tō kaiwhakarato inihua me te rōpū hauora mō te hipoki i mua i te whakarite.

Q5: He aha te mea ka pā mai ki te whakaatu te whakaahua u ngota i tētahi wāhi rereke?

Mēnā ka whakaatu te MBI i tētahi wāhi e pā ana ki te māharahara, ka tohutohu tō tākuta i te whakamātautau atu hei whakatau mēnā he mate pukupuku, he āhuatanga pai rānei. Ka uru pea tēnei ki te ultrasound whāinga, MRI, ki te koiora kiko rānei. Kia mahara he maha ngā kitenga rereke i runga i te MBI ka puta he pai, no reira kaua e māharahara i te wā e tatari ana mō ngā hua whai muri.