He aha te whakawhitinga puku? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe me te Whakaora

Ko te whakawhitinga puku he hātepe pokanga e whakakapi ana i tō puku kua pakaru, kua mate rānei ki te puku hauora mai i tētahi kaiwhakawhiwhi. Mā tēnei pokanga e huri ana i te oranga e whakahoki mai te kaha o tō tinana ki te whakaputa i te insulin i te ara tūturu me te keri tika i te kai. Ahakoa he hātepe uaua, e whai ana te tūmanako mō te hunga e mate huka nui ana, e raru ana rānei i te puku, kāore anō kia kitea te oranga mā ētahi atu rongoā.

He aha te whakawhitinga puku?

Ko te whakawhitinga puku e uru ana ki te tango pokanga i tō puku kua mate, me te whakakapi ki te puku hauora mai i tētahi kaiwhakawhiwhi kua mate. Ka mau te puku hou i ngā mahi nui e kore e taea e tō puku taketake te mahi whai hua.

E rua ngā whāinga matua o tō puku i tō tinana. Ka whakaputa i te insulin hei whakahaere i ngā taumata huka toto, me te hanga i ngā enzyme keri hei wawahi i te kai. Ki te kore tō puku e mahi, ka raru ēnei mahi nui, ka puta he raruraru hauora nui.

Ko te nuinga o ngā whakawhitinga puku ka mahia i te taha o ngā whakawhitinga tākihi, e kiia ana ko te whakawhitinga puku-tākihi (SPK) i te wā kotahi. He mea noa tēnei huarahi whakakotahi nā te mea ka pakaru te mate huka i ngā okana e rua i te roanga o te wā.

He aha te take e mahia ai te whakawhitinga puku?

Ko te whakawhitinga puku ka mahia i te tuatahi ki te rongoā i te mate huka momo 1 kua uaua ki te whakahaere mā te rongoā insulin. E whai ana tēnei pokanga i te whai wāhitanga ki te noho me te kore werohanga insulin ia rā, me te whakatutuki i te whakahaere pai ake i te huka toto.

Ko te tikanga ka tūtohu te hātepe i te wā e raru nui ana koe i te mate huka e pā ana ki tō kounga o te oranga. Ko ēnei raruraru e uru ana ki ngā wā maha o te huka toto iti (hypoglycemia) e kore e taea e koe te kite, te whakahaere rānei mā ngā rongoā paerewa.

He kaitono pea koe mēnā he mate tākihi huka tō e hiahia ana kia whakawhitia te tākihi. I ēnei wā, ka nui ake te hua i te wā roa mēnā ka whiwhi koe i ngā okana e rua i te wā kotahi, i te whakahaere i te mate huka mā te insulin i te wā e raru ana koe i tētahi tākihi hou.

I te nuinga o te wā, ka mahia ngā whakawhitinga pūkahukahu mō te hunga e mate ana i te pancreatitis mau tonu, i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu rānei, ahakoa me tino āta arotake ēnei āhuatanga i ngā tūponotanga me ngā painga.

He aha te tikanga mō te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu?

Ko te pokanga whakawhitinga pūkahukahu te tikanga e 3 ki te 6 haora te roa, ā, ka mahia i raro i te rongoā whānui. Ka tūāpā te tākuta i tō puku kia uru atu ki te wāhi e whakatakotoria ai te pūkahukahu hou.

Kāore i rite ki te maha o ngā whakawhitinga okana, te tikanga ka noho tonu tō pūkahukahu taketake i te wā o te tikanga. Ka whakatakotoria te pūkahukahu mai i te kaiwhakawhiwhi ki tō puku o raro, ā, ka honoa ki ngā oko toto tata kia pai ai te rere o te toto ki te okana hou.

Ka honoa e te tākuta te pūkahukahu mai i te kaiwhakawhiwhi ki tō whekau iti kia pai ai te rere o ngā enzyme keri kai e whakaputaina ana e ia. Mēnā kei te whiwhi hoki koe i te whakawhitinga tākihi, ka mahia ngā tikanga e rua i te pokanga kotahi.

Ka āta aroturukihia koe e tō rōpū hauora i te wā o te mahi, ka tirohia te rere o te toto ki te okana hou me te whakarite kia mau katoa ngā hononga. E hiahia ana te pokanga ki te tikanga tika kia iti ai ngā raruraru me te whakanui i ngā tūponotanga o te mahi okana angitu.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakawhitinga pūkahukahu?

Ko te whakarite mō te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu e hiahia ana ki te arotake hauora nui kia mōhio ai koe he pai tō hauora mō te pokanga. Ka mahia e tō rōpū hauora te maha o ngā whakamātautau hei aromatawai i tō ngākau, tō pūkahukahu, tō tākihi, me tō tūnga hauora whānui.

Me whakaoti e koe ngā aromatawai hinengaro me te whakaatu i tō kaha ki te whai i ngā tikanga rongoā uaua. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakaatu ka taea e koe te tango rongoā i ngā wā katoa, te haere ki ngā tūpono i ngā wā katoa, me te whakarereke i te oranga.

Ka uru pea tō whakarite ki te whakahou i ngā kano ārai mate, nā te mea ka tango koe i ngā rongoā aukati i te pūnaha ārai mate i muri i te pokanga ka nui ake te tūpono ki ngā mate. Ka mahi tahi hoki koe me ngā tohunga kai me ngā kaimahi pāpori kia mōhio kei a koe ngā pūnaha tautoko tika.

Ko te whakarite tinana ko te whakapai ake i tō hauora whānui mā te whakakori tinana, te kai tika, me te whakahaere i ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora kei a koe. Ka hoatu e tō rōpū ngā tohutohu motuhake mō ngā rongoā hei whakamutu, hei haere tonu rānei i mua i te pokanga.

Me pēhea te pānui i ngā hua o tō whakawhitinga pūkahukahu?

Ko te angitu i muri i te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu ka inea e te kaha o tō tinana ki te whakaputa i te insulin i te taiao me te pupuri i ngā taumata huka toto noa. Ka aroturukihia e ō tākuta ō taumata kūkū toto i ngā wā katoa kia mōhio kei te pai te mahi a te pūkahukahu hou.

Ka haere koe i ngā whakamātautau toto auau hei tirotiro mō ngā tohu o te whakakorenga o te okana, i te wā e whakaeke ana tō pūnaha ārai mate i te pūkahukahu i whakawhitia. E inea ana e ēnei whakamātautau ngā tohu motuhake e tohu ana i te pai o te whakaae a tō tinana ki te okana hou.

Ka aroturukihia ō taumata C-peptide hei tohu i te whakaputanga o te insulin mai i te pūkahukahu i whakawhitia. Ko te pikinga o ngā taumata C-peptide e whakaatu ana kei te pai te mahi a te pūkahukahu hou, i te wā e tohu ana ngā taumata e heke ana i ngā raruraru.

Ko ngā rangahau whakaahua auau pēnei i te ultrasound, i te CT rānei, ka āwhina i tō rōpū hauora ki te kite i te pūkahukahu i whakawhitia me te tirotiro mō ngā raruraru pēnei i te toto toto, i ngā kohinga wai rānei huri noa i te okana.

Me pēhea te tiaki i tō whakawhitinga pūkahukahu?

Me tiaki tonu i tō whakawhitinga okana pūkahukahu e hiahia ana kia whakapau kaha ki ngā rongoā ārai i te pūnaha ārai mate i te roanga o te oranga, hei ārai i tō tinana mai i te whakakore i te okana hou. Me tango ēnei rongoā i te tika tonu i te mea i whakaritea, i ngā wā kotahi i ia rā.

Me whai wā tonu koe ki ngā tūpono whai muri me tō rōpū whakawhitinga okana, ina koa ngā haerenga auau i te tau tuatahi i muri i te pokanga. Mā ēnei tūpono e āhei ai ō tākuta ki te aroturuki i te mahi okana me te whakatika i ngā rongoā i te mea e tika ana.

He mea nui te tiaki i a koe i ngā mate, i te mea ka ngoikore ngā rongoā ārai i te pūnaha ārai mate i tō pūnaha ārai mate. Ko te tikanga tēnei me mahi koe i te akuaku pai, me karo i ngā wāhi kikī i te mea ka taea, me noho whakahōu tonu ki ngā kano ārai mate e taunakitia ana.

Ko te pupuri i te oranga hauora mā te kai tika, te whakakori tinana i ngā wā katoa, me te karo i te tupeka me te waipiro nui e tautoko ana i tō hauora whānui me te angitu o te whakawhitinga okana. Ka whakawhiwhia e tō rōpū ngā aratohu motuhake i hangaia mō tō āhuatanga.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā raruraru whakawhitinga okana pūkahukahu?

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka piki ake te tūpono o ngā raruraru i muri i te whakawhitinga okana pūkahukahu. He mea nui te pakeke, i te mea ka uaua ake te whakaora o ngā kaiwhiwhi pakeke i te pokanga me te whakahaere i te tiaki i muri i te whakawhitinga.

Ka taea e ngā āhuatanga hauora o mua te uaua i tō whakaora me ngā putanga wā roa. Ko te mate ngākau, ngā raruraru pūkahukahu, ētahi atu mahi okana rānei ka piki ake ngā tūpono pokanga me te pā ki te whakaora.

He nui te pānga o tō tūnga hauora whānui i mua i te whakawhitinga ki tō angitu. Ko te kai kino, te momomo, te kore rānei e whakahaerehia te mate huka ka uaua ake te pokanga me te uaua ake te whakaora.

Ka pā ano ngā āhuatanga pāpori pēnei i te kore tautoko a te whānau, ngā here pūtea, te uaua rānei ki te uru atu ki te tiaki hauora ki tō kaha ki te pupuri i te tiaki tika i muri i te whakawhitinga me te piri ki ngā rongoā.

He pai ake te whakawhitinga okana pūkahukahu, te haere tonu rānei i te rongoā waihuka?

Ko te whakatau i waenga i te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu me te haere tonu o te rongoā insulin e whakawhirinaki ana ki ō āhuatanga takitahi me te kounga o te oranga me te whakahaere huka toto o nāianei. E whai wāhi ana te whakawhitinga ki te kore e whakawhirinaki ki te insulin engari he nui ngā tūponotanga pokanga me te aukati i te pūnaha ārai mate mō te roanga o te oranga.

Mō te hunga e pai ana te whakahaere i te huka toto, e taea ana te whakahaere i tō rātou āhuatanga mā te insulin, ko te haere tonu o te rongoā o nāianei pea te kōwhiringa haumaru ake. Kua pai ake te whakahaere i te huka toto mā ngā pūpumpu insulin hou me ngā mātakitaki glucose tonu.

Heoi, ki te pā koe ki ngā wāhanga hypoglycemic kaha, he kore mōhio ki te hypoglycemia, ki te rānei e pā ana ki ngā raruraru huka toto e pā ana ki tō oranga, ka whai hua nui pea te whakawhitinga ahakoa ngā tūponotanga.

E whakawhirinaki ana hoki te kōwhiringa ki te hiahia koe ki te whakawhitinga whatukuhu nā te mate whatukuhu huka toto. I ēnei wā, ko te whiwhi i ngā okana e rua i te wā kotahi te nuinga ka pai ake ngā hua i te whakahaere i te huka toto mā te insulin i te wā e raru ana ki ngā raruraru whakawhitinga whatukuhu.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu?

Ka taea e ngā raruraru whakawhitinga pūkahukahu te kino, me te hiahia kia aro mai te rongoā. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei tūponotanga e āwhina ana i a koe ki te mōhio ki ngā tohu whakatūpato me te rapu i te manaakitanga tika ina hiahiatia.

Koinei ngā raruraru matua me mōhio koe:

• Te whakakorenga okana, e whakaeke ana tō pūnaha ārai mate i te pānui i whakawhitia
• Ngā raruraru pokanga pērā i te toto, te pūpū toto, te mate rānei i te wāhi pokanga
• Te rerenga pānui, e rerere ana ngā whākōkī keri mai i ngā hononga pokanga
• Te pūpū toto, arā, te hanga pūpū toto i roto i ngā oko e hono ana ki te pānui hou
• Te piki ake o te tūponotanga o te mate i te whakamahinga o ngā rongoā whakaiti i te pūnaha ārai mate
• Te tūponotanga nui ake o te whakawhanake i ētahi momo mate pukupuku i te roanga o te wā
• Ngā raruraru ngākau mai i ngā rongoā whakaiti i te pūnaha ārai mate
• Ngā raruraru tākihi, ina koa kāore koe i whiwhi i te whakawhitinga tākihi

He pai te whakahaere i te nuinga o ngā raruraru inā kitea wawe, koinei te take he mea nui te aroturuki me te tiaki whai muri. Mā tō rōpū whakawhiti e ako ki a koe ngā tohu whakatūpato hei mātakitaki me te wā hei rapu āwhina hauora tonu.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta i muri i te whakawhitinga pānui?

Me whakapā atu koe ki tō rōpū whakawhiti tonu mēnā ka pā mai ngā tohu e tohu ana i ngā raruraru. Kei roto i ēnei te kirika, te mamae puku, te whakapairuaki, te ruaki, te huringa ohorere rānei i ngā taumata huka toto.

Ko ngā tohu o te mate e hiahia ana kia arotake hauora tonu, pērā i te ngenge rerekē, te wiri, te mare tonu, te mamae rānei i te wā e mimi ana. I te mea kua pēhia tō pūnaha ārai mate, ka tere te kino o ngā mate.

Ko ngā huringa i tō wāhi tapahi pokanga, pērā i te whero nui ake, te pūpū, te mahana, te rerenga rānei, me pūrongo tonu ki tō rōpū hauora. E tohu ana ēnei i te mate i te wāhi pokanga, i ētahi atu raruraru rānei.

Me rapu āwhina tonu koe mēnā ka pā mai te mamae o te uma, te poto o te manawa, te mamae nui o te upoko, te huringa rānei o te tirohanga, nā te mea e tohu ana ēnei i ngā raruraru ngākau nui, i ngā raruraru rānei o te roro.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te whakawhitinga pānui

Q1: He pai te whakawhitinga pānui mō te mate huka momo 2?

He uaua te tūtohu i te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu mō te mate huka momo 2. Ko tēnei tikanga e whakatapua ana mō te hunga e mate huka momo 1 ana, he raruraru nui rānei ō rātou, he uaua rānei ki te whakahaere i tō rātou āhua mā te rongoā haumanu.

Ko te mate huka momo 2 e pā ana ki te aukati i te haumanu, kaua ki te kore rawa o te haumanu, nō reira ko te whakakapi i te pūkahukahu kāore e whakatika i te raruraru i raro. Ko te nuinga o te hunga e mate huka momo 2 ana ka taea te whakahaere i tō rātou āhua mā te rongoā, te huri i te noho, me te wā i te haumanu.

Q2: Ka rongoā tonu te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu i te mate huka?

Ka taea e te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu te whakatutuki i te murunga mate huka mō te wā roa, engari kāore i te rongoā tonu. He maha ngā kaiwhiwhi e whakatutuki ana i te mana motuhake o te haumanu mō ngā tau, mō ngā tekau tau rānei, engari ka kore pea te pūkahukahu i whakawhitia, me whakakapi rānei.

He whakahihiri ngā reiti angitu, tata ki te 85% o ngā kaiwhiwhi e mau ana i te mana motuhake o te haumanu kotahi tau i muri i te pokanga. Heoi, me tango tonu e koe ngā rongoā aukati i te pūnaha ārai mate, me te aroturuki i ngā wā katoa kia mau tonu te mahi whakawhiti.

Q3: Kia pēhea te roa o te tatari mō te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu?

He rerekē ngā wā tatari mō te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu i runga i tō momo toto, te rahi o tō tinana, me te wāhi matawhenua. Ko te wā tatari toharite kei waenga i ngā marama maha ki te rua tau, neke atu rānei.

Ko tō tūnga i runga i te rārangi tatari e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te wā i whakapaua ki runga i te rārangi, te ohorere o te rongoā, me te hototahi ki ngā okana takoha e wātea ana. Ka whakamōhio tō rōpū whakawhiti i a koe mō tō tūnga me ngā wā tatari e tūmanakohia ana.

Q4: Ka taea e koe te noho i te ora noa i muri i te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu?

He maha ngā tāngata e noho ana i te ora tonu, i te ora kaha i muri i te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu, ahakoa he huringa e tika ana. Me tango e koe ngā rongoā aukati i te pūnaha ārai mate i ia rā, me te haere ki ngā hui rongoā i ngā wā katoa i tō ora.

Ka taea e te nuinga o nga kaiwhiwhi te hoki ki te mahi, te haere, te whakakorikori tinana, me te ngahau i nga mahi e arohaina ana e ratou. Heoi, me tupato ake koe ki nga mate, me whai i nga aratohu motuhake hei tiaki i to hauora me te mahi whakawhiti.

Q5: He aha te reeti angitu o te whakawhitinga repe taiaki?

He pai te reeti angitu o te whakawhitinga repe taiaki, ina koa ka mahia me te whakawhitinga whatukuhu. Neke atu i te 95% te reeti oranga kotahi tau mo nga kaiwhiwhi, a tata ki te 85% ka tutuki te mana motuhake o te insulin i te tau kotahi.

Ko te angitu mo te wa roa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te maha o nga mea, tae atu ki to hauora whanui, te piri ki nga rongoa, me te tiaki whai-ake i nga wa katoa. E kaha tonu ana te reeti oranga e rima tau i te tata ki te 85-90% mo te nuinga o nga kaiwhiwhi.